Single-cell tracking reveals tumor-reactive T cell plasticity during melanoma TIL therapy

Using 10x genomics 5' Single Cell Immune Profiling kit for single-cell RNA and TCR sequencing, we tracked the transcriptional alterations and fate decisions of tumor-reactive T cells through longitudinal sample obtained from patients undergo-ing TIL therapy. We performed single-cell RNA and single-cell TCR sequencing (scRNA-seq and scTCR-seq) of CD45+ CD3+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes from the baseline tumor (pre-ACT), during and after TIL expansion protocol (intermediate product and TIL product, respectively), as well as after cell transfer in blood (PBMC 7dpt) or from metastatic lesions (post-ACT). Samples were derived from patients enrolled in a phase I clinical trial (NCT04165967) that inves-tigated ACT-TIL therapy in combination with nivolumab therapy for metastatic melanoma. Additionally, we established a tumor reactivity assay by co-culturing TIL products with autologous single-cell suspensions of tumor material or short cultured primary melanoma cell lines derived from the tumor material. Reactive T cells were identified by IFNɣ and TNF⍺ expression and sorted to sequence TCRβ genes.

• Type: RNASeq
• Archive: European Genome-phenome Archive (EGA)