3998 results for "*geneti*"

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• Genetic Control of Expression and Splicing in Developing Human Brain

  Most genetic risk for human diseases lies within non-coding regions of the genome that are predicted to regulate gene expression in a tissue- and stage-specific manner. Given the importance of regulatory pathways during brain development, we characterized the genetic control of the transcriptome in 201 mid-gestational human brains, identifying 7962 eQTL and 4635 sQTL. By integration with GWAS, we characterized the genes and isoforms contributing to specific neuropsychiatric disorders, including SCZ and ASD, as well as other cognition or behavioral-related phenotypes. SCZ and ASD impact distinct developmental gene co-expression modules, yet in both disorders, common and rare genetic variation converge. These analyses demonstrate the highly distinctive effects of transcriptional control, as well as divergent age-related contributions to disease. More broadly, these findings demonstrate the genetic mechanisms by which early developmental events have a striking and widespread influence on adult anatomical and behavioral phenotypes.

  Study phs001900

• Vulnerabilities of Midbrain Dopaminergic Neurons to Parkinson's Disease Revealed by Single-Cell Genomics

  We developed a novel protocol for the enrichment of midbrain DA neurons from frozen tissue. We subsequently performed single-nuclei RNA-sequencing on enriched samples from postmortem midbrain tissue from human, macaque, tree shrew, rat, and mouse. We identified vulnerable and resistant populations from these data and associated genetic enrichments and differential expression changes.

  Study phs002879

• CIDR: Genome Wide Association Study in Familial Parkinson Disease (PD)

  This proposal brings together the two largest NIH funded genetic studies focused on the identification of novel genes that influence the risk of PD. These two studies, PROGENI (PI: Tatiana Foroud; R01NS037167) and GenePD (PI: Richard Myers; R01NS036711) have been evaluating and recruiting families with two or more PD affected members for more than 8 years and represent the largest such cohorts world-wide. The combined sample has more than 1,000 PD families. Each study has used rigorous clinical criteria to assess their study participants. Unlike previous genome wide association studies (GWAS) in PD, all the PD cases in this proposal have a positive family history of disease. In the vast majority of these families, the index PD case has at least one sibling with the disease. Thus, the sample is unique for having substantial evidence for a genetic contribution to disease. The control group for this study consists of samples previously collected and maintained by the NINDS Repository. Genome-wide, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping services were provided by the Center for Inherited Disease Research (CIDR). Data analyses will focus on the identification of SNPs associated with PD susceptibility and the age of onset of disease.

  Study phs000126

• National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI) GO-ESP: Heart Cohorts Component of the Exome Sequencing Project (JHS)

  The NHLBI "Grand Opportunity" Exome Sequencing Project (GO-ESP), a signature project of the NHLBI Recovery Act investment, was designed to identify genetic variants in coding regions (exons) of the human genome (the "exome") that are associated with heart, lung and blood diseases. These and related diseases that are of high impact to public health and individuals from diverse racial and ethnic groups will be studied. These data may help researchers understand the causes of disease, contributing to better ways to prevent, diagnose, and treat diseases, as well as determine whether to tailor prevention and treatments to specific populations. This could lead to more effective treatments and reduce the likelihood of side effects. GO-ESP is comprised of five collaborative components: 3 cohort consortia - HeartGO, LungGO, and WHISP - and 2 sequencing centers - BroadGO and SeattleGO. HeartGO is a consortium of six well-phenotyped NHLBI cohorts: Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study, the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study, the Cardiovascular Health Study, the Framingham Heart Study, the Jackson Heart Study, and the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Together, these cohorts have provided DNA and phenotype datasets from a diverse cohort of individuals of African-American, Caucasian, Asian, and Hispanic ancestry to be made available for use by qualified investigators in dbGaP. HeartGO investigators will conduct genotype-phenotype analyses for phenotypes related not only to heart disease but with other variables that will be contributed to dbGaP. The HeartGO dataset provides investigators with genotype-phenotype analytic opportunities for traits not only related to heart disease but also associated with ancillary variables that will be contributed to dbGaP, including disease endpoints, risk factors, biomarkers, and subclinical disease measures. The phenotypes planned for investigation as part of the GO-ESP HeartGO project include early-onset myocardial infarction (EOMI), low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, body mass index/type 2 diabetes (BMI/T2D), blood pressure and ischemic stroke. Results of the proposed analyses as well as relevant replication/follow-up analyses will be reported in peer-reviewed journals. This study phs000402 contains the Jackson Heart Study (JHS) subset of GO-ESP/Heart-GO. Additional GO-ESP data is also available via dbGaP.

  Study phs000402

• Center for Common Disease Genomics [CCDG] - Neuropsychiatric: Victorian Collaborative AuTism Study (CATS): Family and Community Study of the Genetics of Autism Spectrum Disorder

  In this study, we address the enormous challenges common complex diseases pose for genomic analysis and the enormous opportunities surmounting them offers for advancing healthcare. The common genetic disorders proposed for study here are believed to have extreme locus heterogeneity, requiring the analysis of large numbers of samples to comprehensively identify the genomic variants underlying them. We propose that a combination of deep population studies and joint analysis of SNPs, indels, and structural variants both in coding and noncoding regions will provide the next level of understanding of common genetic disorders. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) will be critical to this next-generation approach to the genomics of complex disease. WGS will need to be accompanied by the technical ability to generate and handle very large data sets, a particular focus and strength of NYGC. WGS will also need to be accompanied by new statistical tools and algorithms, which will be developed by the strong core group committed to this proposal. An overarching goal of this proposal, one that capitalizes on the power of WGS, is to identify disease-associated variants at the individual nucleotide level. In many cases pathogenic mutations fall in noncoding regions of the genome, which can only be fruitfully explored with WGS. A major effort was put into building new computational strategies to functionally annotate noncoding transcribed sequences, and to build new datasets to enable such strategies, opening new frontiers of understanding of disease-related regulatory variants.

  Study phs002044

• Centers for Common Disease Genomics (CCDG) - Whole Genome Sequencing in Type 1 Diabetes (T1DGC)

  The Type 1 Diabetes Genetics Consortium (T1DGC) was established to collect resources (biological samples and data) and conduct research to better understand the genetic basis of type 1 diabetes (T1D). Collection was initiated by ascertaining affected sib-pair families (both parents, two affected siblings and, when available, an unaffected sibling), collected from five geographic regions through four recruitment networks (Asia-Pacific, Europe, North America, United Kingdom). In addition, the T1DGC collected trio families (both parents and affected child) and cases and controls from low-prevalence populations (African-American, with four grandparents self-reporting as African ancestry; Mexican-American, with four grandparents self-reporting as ancestry from Mexico). The T1DGC also served as a repository for contributed collections from other studies, all meeting the broad data-sharing policy of the T1DGC, for inclusion in the genetic studies. These collections include T1D case samples ascertained from the UK Genetic Resource Investigating Diabetes (UK GRID) cohort, SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth (SEARCH), The Genetics of Kidneys in Diabetes (GoKinD), and control samples obtained from the British 1958 Birth Cohort, the UK National Blood Services collection, CLEAR (Consortium for the Longitudinal Evaluation of African-Americans with Early Rheumatoid Arthritis), the New York Cancer Project (NYCP), and other cohorts. For the NHGRI-funded Centers for Common Disease Genomics (CCDG) project, participants with T1D and ancestry-matched controls were identified through the T1DGC, either through direct ascertainment or by contribution from other sources to the T1DGC. As the CCDG has focused initially on non-Caucasian populations for whole genome sequencing, T1DGC participants of African, Mexican and Asian ancestry (targeting ~1200 cases and ~1200 controls in each ancestral group) and a small group of participants of Northern European ancestry (~100 cases, ~100 controls) were to be contributed to the study. Whole genome sequencing of T1DGC samples would be conducted at Washington University McDonnell Genome Institute and based upon matching case-control status within an ancestry group and prioritization by the CCDG.

  Study phs001222

• VA APOLLO Project - Research for Precision Oncology (RePOP)

  The Research for Precision Oncology Program (RePOP) is a research activity that establishes a cohort of Veterans diagnosed with cancer and who have had genomic analyses performed on their tumor tissue as part of standard of care. All data relevant to a patient's cancer and cancer care will be collected under RePOP, including patient demographics, co-morbidities, genomic analysis, treatments, medications, lab values, imaging studies, and outcomes. All RePOP participants will have signed/verbal informed consent and signed HIPAA authorization to have their data stored and shared from RePOP's Precision Oncology Program Data Repository (PODR). The Applied Proteogenomics OrganizationaL Learning and Outcomes (APOLLO) network is a collaboration between NCI, the Department of Defense (DoD), and the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) to incorporate proteogenomics into patient care as a way of looking beyond the genome, to the activity and expression of the proteins that the genome encodes. The emerging field of proteogenomics aims to better predict how patients will respond to therapy by screening their tumors for both genetic abnormalities and protein information, an approach that has been made possible in recent years due to advances in proteomic technology.

  Study phs001374

• GMKF: Kids First Pediatric Research Program on Congenital Cranial Dysinnervation Disorders and Related Birth Defects

  The Gabriella Miller Kids First Pediatric Research Program (Gabriella Miller Kids First Pediatric Research Program) (Kids First) is a trans-NIH effort initiated in response to the 2014 Gabriella Miller Kids First Research Act and supported by the NIH Common Fund. This program focuses on gene discovery in pediatric cancers and structural birth defects and the development of the Gabriella Miller Kids First Pediatric Data Resource (Kids First Data Resource). Both, childhood cancers and structural birth defects are critical and costly conditions associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Elucidating the underlying genetic etiology of these diseases has the potential to profoundly improve preventative measures, diagnostics, and therapeutic interventions. Whole Genome Sequence (WGS) and phenotypic data from this study are accessible through dbGaP and kidsfirstdrc.org, where other Kids First datasets can also be accessed. Goals of this ongoing study are to identify novel "congenital cranial dysinnervation disorder" (CCDD) genes and define the role of the wildtype and mutant genes in normal and aberrant development. The umbrella term (CCDD) refers to congenital birth defects with malformation of one or more cranial nerves, typically resulting in limitations of eye and/or face movement. Examples of CCDDs include congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles (CFEOM), congenital ptosis, Duane retraction syndrome (DRS), horizontal gaze palsy with progressive scoliosis (HGPPS), congenital 3rd, 4th or 6th nerve palsies, Moebius syndrome (MBS), and hereditary congenital facial paresis (HCFP). In some cases, anosmia, and disorders of hearing, sucking, chewing, swallowing, and breathing may also be classified as CCDDs. CCDDs can be accompanied by additional birth defects such as intellectual and social disabilities, developmental delays, limb anomalies, and cardiac, GI, and GU disorders. The genetic basis of multiple CCDDs has been determined, and the gene mutations typically alter cranial motor neuron identity or function, or perturb axon growth and guidance. Despite these successes, the genetic etiologies of many inherited CCDDs remain unidentified.

  Study phs001247

• Type 2 Diabetes Genetic Exploration by Next-Generation Sequencing in Multi-Ethnic Samples (T2D-GENES) Follow-Up Study: BioMe Biobank Program

  The ~52,000 sample Type 2 Diabetes Exome Sequencing project is a collaboration of six consortia with various funding mechanisms that have joined together to investigate genetic variants for type 2 diabetes (T2D) using the largest T2D case/control sample set compiled to date. This includes samples from: Type 2 Diabetes Genetic Exploration by Next-generation sequencing in Multi-Ethnic Samples (T2D-GENES) Genetics of Type 2 Diabetes (GoT2D) Exome Sequencing Project (ESP) Slim Initiative in Genomic Medicine for the Americas (SIGMA) Lundbeck Foundation Centre for Applied Medical Genomics in Personalised Disease Prediction, Prevention, and Care (LuCAMP) Progress in Diabetes Genetics in Youth (ProDIGY) This data generated from the BioMe Biobank cohort was part of the T2D-GENES (Type 2 Diabetes Genetic Exploration by Next-generation sequencing in multi-Ethnic Samples) consortium, which is a NIDDK-funded international research consortium that seeks to identify genetic variants for type 2 diabetes (T2D) through multiethnic sequencing studies. The T2D-GENES Project is a multi-ethnic sequencing study designed to assess whether less common variants play a role in T2D risk and to assess similarities and differences in the distribution of T2D risk variants across ancestry groups. The individuals were obtained from over 20 cohorts across the 6 consortia that are listed in Table 1. The strategy was to perform deep exome sequencing of individuals, 24,991 with T2D and 24,953 controls, divided among five ancestry groups: Europeans, East Asians, South Asians, American Hispanics, and African Americans. The T2D-GENES, ProDIGY and SIGMA studies, sequencing was performed at the Broad Institute using the Agilent v2 capture reagent or Illumina Rapid Capture on Illumina HiSeq machines. Please note that while we summarize the full sample list in publications and below, two of the cohorts below are not in dbGAP, due to the samples not being consented for deposition. This includes the Kooperative Gesundheitsforschung in der Region Augsburg (KORA) study and Lundbeck Foundation Centre for Applied Medical Genomics in Personalised Disease Prediction, Prevention, and Care (LuCamp) study. The Exome Sequencing Project (ESP) was deposited in dbGAP as part of their initial study and the phs numbers for that project can be found here: https://esp.gs.washington.edu/drupal/dbGaP_Releases. Table 1. 52,000 sample T2D Case/Control Whole Exome Sequencing Studies Ancestry Consortia Study Countries of Origin # Cases # Controls African American T2D-GENES Project 1 Jackson Heart Study US 502 527 African American T2D-GENES Project 1 Wake Forest School of Medicine Study US 518 532 African American ESP Exome Sequencing Project (ESP) US 467 1374 African American T2D-GENES Follow-Up Study BioMe Biobank Program (BioMe) US 1294 1254 East Asian T2D-GENES Project 1 Korea Association Research Project Korea 526 561 East Asian T2D-GENES Project 1 and Follow-Up Study Singapore Diabetes Cohort Study; Singapore Prospective Study Program Singapore (Chinese) 1486 1568 East Asian T2D-GENES Follow-Up Study Korea SNUH South Korea 450 475 East Asian T2D-GENES Follow-Up Study Research Studies in Hong Kong (Hong Kong) Hong Kong 493 485 European T2D-GENES Project 1 Ashkenazi US, Israel 506 355 European T2D-GENES Project 1 Metabolic Syndrome in Men Study (METSIM) Finland 484 498 European GoT2D Finland-United States Investigation of NIDDM Genetics (FUSION) Study Finland 472 476 European GoT2D Kooperative Gesundheitsforschung in der Region Augsburg (KORA) Germany 97 90 European GoT2D UK Type 2 Diabetes Genetics Consortium (UKT2D) UK 322 320 European GoT2D Malmö-Botnia Study Finland, Sweden 478 443 European LuCamp Lundbeck Foundation Centre for Applied Medical Genomics in Personalised Disease Prediction, Prevention, and Care (LuCamp) Denmark 997 997 European ESP Exome Sequencing Project (ESP) US 390 2843 European T2D-GENES Follow-Up Study Genetics of Diabetes and Audit Research Tayside Study (GoDARTS) Scotland, UK 960 966 European T2D-GENES Follow-Up Study Framingham Heart Study (FHS) US 396 596 Hispanic T2D-GENES Project 1 San Antonio Family Heart Study, San Antonio Family Diabetes/ Gallbladder Study, Veterans Administration Genetic Epidemiology Study, and the Investigation of Nephropathy and Diabetes Study Family Component US 272 218 Hispanic T2D-GENES Project 1 and SIGMA v2 Starr County, Texas US 1762 1738 Hispanic SIGMA v1 Mexico City Diabetes Study Mexico 281 549 Hispanic SIGMA v1 and SIGMA v2 Multiethnic Cohort (MEC) US 1476 1443 Hispanic SIGMA v1 and SIGMA v2 UNAM/INCMNSZ Diabetes Study (UIDS) Mexico 1998 1977 Hispanic SIGMA v1 and SIGMA v2 Diabetes in Mexico Study (DMS) Mexico 1522 1546 Multiethnic ProDIGY Treatment Options for Type 2 Diabetes in Adolescents and Youth (TODAY) US 3097 0 Multiethnic ProDIGY SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth (SEARCH) US 553 0 South Asian T2D-GENES Project 1 London Life Sciences Population Study (LOLIPOP) UK (Indian Asian) 531 538 South Asian T2D-GENES Project 1 and Follow-Up Study Singapore Indian Eye Study Singapore (Indian Asian) 1640 1478 South Asian T2D-GENES Follow-Up Study Pakistan Genomic Resource (PGR) Pakistan 914 932 The BioMe Biobank study contributed 1294 cases and 1254 controls to T2D-GENES Follow-Up Study.

  Study phs001490

• Search for Susceptibility Genes for Diabetic Nephropathy in Type 1 Diabetes (GoKinD study participants), GAIN

  Genetics of Kidneys in Diabetes (GoKinD) study is an initiative aimed at identifying susceptibility genes for diabetic nephropathy in type 1 diabetes. A large number of individuals with type 1 diabetes were screened to identify two subsets, one with clear-cut kidney disease and another with normal renal status despite long-term diabetes. Those who met additional entry criteria and consented to participate were enrolled. When possible, both parents were also enrolled to form family trios. Altogether, GoKinD includes 3043 participants comprising 931 cases, 944 singletons, 268 pairs of parents of cases, and 316 pairs of parents of control. Accessible as a GAIN database are 905 of the cases, 890 of the controls, 10 pairs of parents of cases and 10 pairs of parents of controls. The other parents and the remaining cases and controls are available by a separate application process through NIDDK (dbGaP phs000088 Search for Susceptibility Genes for Diabetic Nephropathy in Type 1 Diabetes (GoKinD study participants and parents), NIDDK). Interested investigators may request the DNA collection and corresponding clinical data for GoKinD participants using the instructions and application form available at Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation. Consent groups and participant set Diabetic complications only (DCO): 1825 (904 cases, 881 controls, 40 others)

  Study phs000018