8215 results for "canc*"

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• The earliest stages of neoplastic transformation in Familial Adenomatous Polyposis

  Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP) is caused by constitutional inactivating mutations in APC, the central gatekeeper gene of colorectal cancer, and is associated with a substantially increased lifetime-risk of colorectal cancer. To investigate the earliest stages of neoplastic change due to APC inactivation we microdissected and individually whole-genome sequenced 522 normal and abnormal colorectal crypts from 16 individuals with FAP. Colorectal crypts were isolated by laser capture microdissection and individually whole genome sequenced: 187 normal crypts; 34 crypts with regenerative changes; 28 crypts from 11 bifurcating crypts; 86 crypts from 17 aberrant crypt aggregates; 2 monocryptal adenomas which represent the simplest dysplastic crypt structures we were able to identify; 29 crypts from 9 oligocryptal adenomas; 156 crypts from 23 adenomatous polyps including 135 from 20 diminutive polyps and 21 from three large polyps.

  Dataset EGAD00001015471

• The earliest stages of neoplastic transformation in Familial Adenomatous Polyposis

  The succession of somatic genetic events associated with the conversion of a normal colorectal epithelial cell into a colorectal carcinoma constitutes a paradigmatic model of cancer development. Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP) is caused by constitutional inactivating mutations in APC, the central gatekeeper gene of colorectal cancer, and is associated with a substantially increased lifetime-risk of colorectal cancer. To investigate the earliest stages of neoplastic change due to APC inactivation, we microdissected and individually whole genome sequenced 279 histologically normal and abnormal colorectal crypts from 15 individuals with FAP. Histologically normal crypts generally exhibited similar mutation burdens and mutational signatures to normal crypts from wild-type individuals of the same age, with 1/110 carrying a somatic inactivating APC mutation. By contrast, 9/18 aberrant crypt foci carried somatic APC mutations and exhibited modestly increased burdens of some mutational signatures found in normal crypts. 12/13 diminutive adenomatous polyps (less than 5mm diameter) showed somatic APC mutations and carried substantially increased mutation loads of most mutational signatures present in normal crypts. Phylogenetic trees of crypts from aberrant crypt foci and adenomatous polyps revealed that some had acquired their initiating somatic APC mutations decades previously during the first few years of life. The results catalogue the changes in somatic mutation rates, mutational processes and “driver” mutations in cancer genes during the earliest stages of colorectal neoplastic transformation initiated by APC inactivation and highlight the long periods of clonal evolution required for a cancer to develop.

  Dataset EGAD00001015477

• DERMATLAS: Hidradenoma papilliferum_RNAseq

  Virtually no other tumour type is associated with so many different forms as skin cancer. Histologically, tumours of the skin may arise from epithelium, including epidermis, hair follicle, sebaceous or sweat gland, melanocytes, dermal-associated mesenchymal structures or tissue resident immune cells, making for a diversity of clinical presentations. Importantly, many skin tumour types have an extremely poor prognosis. Many skin tumour subtypes have never undergone molecular profiling, or if they have, targeted sequencing has been used and the number of cases analyzed has been so limited that deriving firm conclusions about the profile of driver genes, DNA mutational signatures and germline alleles has not been possible.For 70 key skin tumour subtypes defined by the World Health Organization, that have not undergone extensive genetic analysis previously, we propose to perform whole exome and transcriptome sequencing, from a range of body sites, to build a genomic atlas of dermatological tumours, including detailed maps of SNVs, copy number alterations, genome-wide methylation and expression profiles.

  Dataset EGAD00001015480

• DERMATLAS: Hidradenoma papilliferum_WES

  Virtually no other tumour type is associated with so many different forms as skin cancer. Histologically, tumours of the skin may arise from epithelium, including epidermis, hair follicle, sebaceous or sweat gland, melanocytes, dermal-associated mesenchymal structures or tissue resident immune cells, making for a diversity of clinical presentations. Importantly, many skin tumour types have an extremely poor prognosis. Many skin tumour subtypes have never undergone molecular profiling, or if they have, targeted sequencing has been used and the number of cases analyzed has been so limited that deriving firm conclusions about the profile of driver genes, DNA mutational signatures and germline alleles has not been possible.For 70 key skin tumour subtypes defined by the World Health Organization, that have not undergone extensive genetic analysis previously, we propose to perform whole exome and transcriptome sequencing, from a range of body sites, to build a genomic atlas of dermatological tumours, including detailed maps of SNVs, copy number alterations, genome-wide methylation and expression profiles.

  Dataset EGAD00001015481

• Geographic and age-related variations in mutational processes in colorectal cancer - sequence data (Mutographs)

  Geographic and age-related variations in mutational processes in colorectal cancer - sequence data (Mutographs)

  Dataset EGAD00001015485

• HCA Organoids | Colon - Cancer, Multiome Sequencing Data

  Multiome sequencing of patient tissue and patient derived organoids in colon cancer

  Dataset EGAD00001015504

• The complexity of tobacco smoke induced mutagenesis in head and neck cancer - patient metadata files (Mutographs)

  The complexity of tobacco smoke induced mutagenesis in head and neck cancer - patient metadata files (Mutographs)

  Dataset EGAD00001015387

• The complexity of tobacco smoke induced mutagenesis in head and neck cancer - filtered vcf files (Mutographs)

  The complexity of tobacco smoke induced mutagenesis in head and neck cancer - filtered vcf files (Mutographs)

  Dataset EGAD00001015388

• The complexity of tobacco smoke induced mutagenesis in head and neck cancer - structural variation vcf files (Mutographs)

  The complexity of tobacco smoke induced mutagenesis in head and neck cancer - structural variation vcf files (Mutographs)

  Dataset EGAD00001015389

• The complexity of tobacco smoke induced mutagenesis in head and neck cancer - copy number variants (Mutographs)

  The complexity of tobacco smoke induced mutagenesis in head and neck cancer - copy number variants (Mutographs)

  Dataset EGAD00001015390