15020 results for "cancer studies using rna-seq"

in 14.50 milliseconds.

• Origins and functional consequence of somatic mitochondrial DNA mutations

  Recent sequencing studies have extensively explored the somatic alterations present in the nuclear genomes of cancers. Although mitochondria control energy metabolism and apoptosis, the origins and impact of cancer-associated mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) are unclear. Here, we analysed somatic alterations in mtDNA from 1,675 tumors across 31 histologies. We identified 1,907 somatic substitutions, which exhibited dramatic replicative strand bias, predominantly C>T and A>G on the mitochondrial heavy strand. This strand-asymmetric signature differs from those found in nuclear cancer genomes but matches the inferred germline process shaping primate mtDNA sequence content. Numbers of mtDNA mutations showed considerable heterogeneity across tumor types. Missense mutations were selectively neutral and often gradually drifted towards homoplasmy over time. In contrast, mutations resulting in protein truncation undergo negative selection and were almost exclusively heteroplasmic. Our findings indicate that the endogenous mutational mechanism has far greater impact than any other external mutagens in mitochondria, and is fundamentally linked to mtDNA replication.

  Study EGAS00001000968

• Impact of mutational profiles on response of primary oestrogen receptor-positive breast cancers to oestrogen deprivation

  Presurgical studies allow study of the relationship between mutations and response of estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer to aromatase inhibitors (AIs) but have been limited to small biopsies. Here in Phase I of this study, we perform exome sequencing on baseline, surgical core-cuts and blood from 60 patients (40 AI treated, 20 Controls). In poor responders (based on Ki67 change) we find significantly more somatic mutations than good responders. Subclones exclusive to baseline or surgical cores   occur in approximately 30% of tumours. In Phase II we combine targeted sequencing on another 28 treated patients with Phase I. We find six genes frequently mutated: PIK3CA, TP53, CDH1, MLL3, ABCA13 and FLG with 71% concordance between paired cores. TP53 mutations are associated with poor response. We conclude that multiple biopsies are essential for confident mutational profiling of ER+ breast cancer and TP53 mutations are associated with resistance to oestrogen deprivation therapy.

  Study EGAS00001001940

• A biobank of patient-derived pediatric brain tumor models

  Brain tumors are the leading cause of cancer-related death in children. Genomic studies have provided insights into molecular subgroups and oncogenic drivers of pediatric brain tumors that may lead to novel therapeutic strategies. To evaluate new treatments, better preclinical models adequately reflecting the biological heterogeneity are needed. Through the Children’s Oncology Group ACNS02B3 study, we have generated and comprehensively characterized 30 patient-derived orthotopic xenograft models and 7 cell lines representing 14 molecular subgroups of pediatric brain tumors. Patient-derived orthotopic xenograft models were found to be representative of the human tumors they were derived from in terms of histology, immunohistochemistry, gene expression, DNA methylation, copy number, and mutational profiles. In vivo drug sensitivity of targeted therapeutics was associated with distinct molecular tumor subgroups and specific genetic alterations. These models and their molecular characterization provide an unprecedented resource for the cancer community to study key oncogenic drivers and to evaluate novel treatment strategies.

  Study EGAS00001002536

• ChIP-Seq (H3K36me3) assays for reference epigenomes generated by Centre for Epigenome Mapping Technologies at Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, as part of the International Human Epigenome Consortium.

  ChIP-Seq (H3K36me3) assays for reference epigenomes generated by Centre for Epigenome Mapping Technologies at Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada as part of the International Human Epigenome Consortium.

  Dataset EGAD00001001231

• Fastq data for ChIP-Seq (H3K27ac) assays for reference epigenomes generated at Centre for Epigenome Mapping Technologies, Genome Sciences Center, B.C. Cancer Agency as part of the International Human Epigenome Consortium.

  Fastq data for ChIP-Seq (H3K27ac) assays assay for reference epigenomes generated at Centre for Epigenome Mapping Technologies, Genome Sciences Center, B.C. Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada as part of the International Human Epigenome Consortium.

  Dataset EGAD00001001403

• ChIP-Seq (H3K4me3) assays for reference epigenomes generated by Centre for Epigenome Mapping Technologies at Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, as part of the International Human Epigenome Consortium.

  ChIP-Seq (H3K4me3) assays for reference epigenomes generated by Centre for Epigenome Mapping Technologies at Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada as part of the International Human Epigenome Consortium.

  Dataset EGAD00001001233

• Fastq data for ChIP-Seq (Input) assays for reference epigenomes generated at Centre for Epigenome Mapping Technologies, Genome Sciences Center, B.C. Cancer Agency as part of the International Human Epigenome Consortium.

  Fastq data for ChIP-Seq (Input) assays assay for reference epigenomes generated at Centre for Epigenome Mapping Technologies, Genome Sciences Center, B.C. Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada as part of the International Human Epigenome Consortium.

  Dataset EGAD00001001409

• ChIP-Seq (H3K4me1) assays for reference epigenomes generated by Centre for Epigenome Mapping Technologies at Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, as part of the International Human Epigenome Consortium.

  ChIP-Seq (H3K4me1) assays for reference epigenomes generated by Centre for Epigenome Mapping Technologies at Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada as part of the International Human Epigenome Consortium.

  Dataset EGAD00001001232

• ChIP-Seq (H3K9me3) assays for reference epigenomes generated by Centre for Epigenome Mapping Technologies at Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, as part of the International Human Epigenome Consortium.

  ChIP-Seq (H3K9me3) assays for reference epigenomes generated by Centre for Epigenome Mapping Technologies at Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada as part of the International Human Epigenome Consortium.

  Dataset EGAD00001001234

• ChIP-Seq (H3K27ac) assays for reference epigenomes generated by Centre for Epigenome Mapping Technologies at Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, as part of the International Human Epigenome Consortium.

  ChIP-Seq (H3K27ac) assays for reference epigenomes generated by Centre for Epigenome Mapping Technologies at Canada's Michael Smith Genome Sciences Centre, BC Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada as part of the International Human Epigenome Consortium.

  Dataset EGAD00001001229