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• GOSH_Paediatric_Tumour_23P108_WSSS_WGS_Managed_Access

  We have a case of two siblings (twins) who were born with nodular blue rashes over their body. The first twin had a large periorbital subcutaneous mass which was diagnosed as infantile undifferentiated sarcoma. This baby was too systematically unwell for chemotherapy and died at 12 days of age. The second sibling received two cycles of emergency chemotherapy however died due to disease progression and secondary haemorrhage at 2 months of age. Post-mortem normal and tumour samples have been taken. In addition to placental tissue and parental germline DNA, the goal will be to investigate intra-uterine transfer of sarcoma and the phylogenetic relationship of tumours in both twins.

  Study EGAS00001007536

• RNA seq of intestinal biopsies and blood cells from patients with celiac disease and controls

  This study presents RNA sequenced from several intestinal phenotypes such as from patients with damaged intestinal mucosa as well as from those without a damaged intestine but still an autoantibody response to tissue transglutaminase (“potential celiac disease”) or those with treated celiac disease. By combining phenotypes in a much larger number of tissue samples from both peripheral blood and mucosal biopsies, we found highly differentially expressed genes, but also identify genes involved in controlling and triggering celiac disease associated changes. This study identifies molecular mechanisms involved in celiac disease and new possible targets for treatment and for identification of individuals at risk.

  Study EGAS50000001104

• Tracing the molecular route to progression in miRNA biogenesis-defective thyroid lesions

  Alterations in the DICER1 and DGCR8 microprocessor genes confer risk to the development of benign and malignant thyroid lesions. The involvement of 2 miRNA biogenesis genes in benign and malignant thyroid tumors highlights the key role of miRNAs in the thyroid gland. We traced the progression from benignity to malignancy in DICER1- and DGCR8-mutated thyroid lesions by performing a multiomic characterization of these lesions aiming to uncover unique features characterizing either form for potential use as biomarkers. This multiomic characterization included whole exome sequencing (WES) (N=18), miRNA profiling (N=38), spatial transcriptomics (N=2) and/or methylome (N=281).

  Study EGAS50000001577

• The EGA joins EUCAIM, the European project powering AI and imaging in cancer research

  EUCAIM (EUropean Federation for CAncer IMages) is the cornerstone of the European Cancer Imaging Initiative, one of the flagships of the Europe’s Beating Cancer Plan (EBCP). The European Genome-Phenome Archive (EGA), as member of the EUCAIM consortium, attended the kick-off meeting organized this week in Brussels for the launch of the Initiative. The EGA will contribute to the project with the experience gained in the deployment of our federated network, the Federated EGA (FEGA), and the experience gained as partners of EuCanImage (AI4HI initiative) contributing to the definition of common data models, ontologies and data standards. The ultimate goal of the project is to unlock the power of imaging and Artificial Intelligence for the benefit of cancer patients, clinicians and researchers. The consortium will deploy a pan-European digital federated infrastructure hosting cancer-related images, and associated pathology, molecular and laboratory data from Real-World. This endeavour will provide a comprehensive dashboard for imaging data discovery, federated search, metadata harvesting, annotation and distributed data processing. EUCAIM joins 76 partners, gathering the experience and previous effort made by the different repositories of the AI4HI initiative, European Research Infrastructures and national/regional repositories. Find out more information about the EUCAIM launch here

  Blog the-ega-joins-eucaim

• Meisal temporal lobe epilepsy sequencing study

  Our understanding of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) is one of the most common forms of drug-resistant epilepsy in humans. Using RNA- and small RNA-sequencing in parallel, we explored differentially expressed genes in the hippocampus and cortex of MTLE patients who had undergone surgical resection and non-epileptic controls. We found significant enrichment for astrocytic and microglial genes amongst up-regulated genes and down-regulation of neuron-specific genes in the hippocampus of MTLE patients. The transcriptome profile of the small RNAs reflected disease state more robustly than mRNAs, even across brain regions which show very little pathology.

  Study EGAS00001003922

• Population whole-genome bisulfite sequencing across two tissues highlights environment as principal source of human methylome variation

  The study includes whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) on 34 adipose(7 MZ pairs, 6 DZ pairs and 8 singletons) and 27 blood (7 MZ pairs, 6 DZpairs and 1 singleton) DNA samples derived from a total of 43 female twinsbelonging to the MuTHER/TwinsUK cohort. We generated 11.5 billion 100bppaired-end reads covering 2.3 Tera-basepairs (Tbp) ofsequence using the Illumina HiSeq2000 or 2500 systems. Applying standardalignment methods and filters we obtain a mean genome coverage of 6.3-fold(range: 1.0- to 12.9-fold) for adipose and 8.7-fold (range: 0.7- to29.0-fold) for blood.

  Study EGAS00001001569

• CONSERTING: integrating copy number analysis with structural variation detection

  We developed Copy Number Segmentation by Regression Tree in Next Generation Sequencing (CONSERTING), a novel algorithm for detecting somatic copy number alteration (CNA) using whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data. CONSERTING performs iterative analysis of segmentation by read depth change and localized structural variation detection to achieve high accuracy and sensitivity. Analysis of 43 pediatric and adult cancer genomes revealed novel oncogenic CNAs, complex re-arrangements and subclonal CNAs missed by alternative approaches. This study contains all data for "CONSERTING: an accurate method for detecting somatic DNA copy number alterations in whole genome sequencing data", which was previously split between EGAS00001001202 and EGAS00001001050.

  Study EGAS00001001202

• Identification of cis-regulatory mutations generating de novo edges in personalized cancer gene regulatory networks

  The identification of functional non-coding mutations is a key challenge in the field of genomics. Here we introduce μ-cisTarget to filter, annotate and prioritize cis-regulatory mutations based on their putative effect on the underlying ‘personal’ gene regulatory network. We validated μ-cisTarget by re-analyzing the TAL1 and LMO1 enhancer mutations in T-ALL, and the TERT promoter mutation in melanoma. Next, we re-sequenced the full genome of ten cancer cell lines and used matched transcriptome data and motif discovery to identify master regulators with de novo binding sites that result in the up-regulation of nearby oncogenic drivers.

  Study EGAS00001002571

• Molecular phenotyping of MCA/ID patients to improve diagnosis

  De novo structural variants are frequently identified in individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders, but the genes driving their phenotypes are often unknown. In this study we performed Whole Genome Sequencing, RNA-sequencing and ATAC-sequencing on samples of 51 patients with intellectual disability and/or multiple congenital anomalies and their biological parents (when available). The goals of the study were to gain more insights in the molecular consequences of (complex) genomic rearrangements and to improve the genetic diagnosis of patients carrying such rearrangements. Data is divided in four separate datasets based on type of source material and data access restrictions due to consent.

  Study EGAS00001003489

• Volasertib preclinical activity in high-risk hepatoblastoma

  Relapsed and metastatic hepatoblastoma represents an unmet clinical need with limited chemotherapy treatment options. In a chemical screen, we identified volasertib as an agent with in vitro activity, inhibiting hepatoblastoma cell growth while sparing normal hepatocytes. Volasertib targets PLK1 and prevents the progression of mitosis, resulting in eventual cell death. PLK1 is overexpressed in hepatoblastoma biopsies relative to normal liver tissue. As a potential therapeutic strategy, we tested the combination of volasertib and the relapse-related hepatoblastoma chemotherapeutic irinotecan. We found both in vitro and in vivo efficacy of this combination, which may merit further preclinical investigation and exploration for a clinical trial concept.

  Study EGAS00001004827