3955 results for "*geneti*"

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• Mutational Spectrums and Clinical Features of Patients with LOXHD1 Variants Identified in a 8,074 Hearing Loss Patient Cohort.

  Variants of LOXHD1 gene, which are expressed in hair cells of the cochlea and vestibule, have been reported to cause a progressive form of autosomal recessive non-syndromic hereditary hearing loss, DFNB77. In this study, genetic screening was conducted on 8,074 Japanese hearing loss patients utilizing the massively parallel DNA sequencing, to identify individuals with LOXHD1 variants and to assess their phenotypes. 28 affected individuals and 21 LOXHD1 variants were identified, among which 13 were novel variants.

  Study JGAS000192

• Integrated multi-omics analysis of pediatric hepatoblastoma

  Hepatoblastoma (HBL) is the most common malignant liver tumor in childhood and is clinically heterogeneous. In spite of its heterogeneity, the molecular basis responsible for the difference between low-risk and high-risk HBL has not been fully clarified. To address this issue, we carried out multi-omics analysis on 59 HBL samples to generate comprehensive profiles of gene mutation, copy-number alteration, DNA methylation and gene expression. By integrating these data, we aimed to unravel the heterogeneity of HBL and identify genetic determinants and therapy targets of high-risk HBL.

  Study JGAS000188

• RNA-seq analysis of BMP-stimulated glioma initiating cells

  Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling has been shown to suppress progression of glioblastoma by promoting astrocytic differentiation; however, roles of BMP signaling in cell proliferation and apoptosis of glioblastoma cells remains to be elucidated. We here performed RNA-seq analysis of glioma initiating cells to identify transcriptional target(s) of BMP.

  Study JGAS000077

• Comprehensive genetic analysis of pediatric germ cell tumors

  Germ cell tumors (GCTs) are relatively rare tumors in children. Previous studies showed that adult testicular GCTs had some genomic alterations, but genetic basis of pediatric GCTs is still to be elucidated. We applied DNA methylation array analysis, whole-transcriptome sequencing, targeted capture sequencing, and SNP array analysis to fifty-one GCT samples.

  Study JGAS000204

• Genetic architecture of microRNA expression and its link to complex diseases in the Japanese population

  We mapped microRNA expression quantitative trait loci by quantifying microRNA expression using small RNA sequencing.

  Study JGAS000504

• Elucidation of male-specific genetic regulation through multi-layered omics analysis

  We performed single-cell RNA-sequencing of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from asthma patients and single-cell multiome (RNA+ATAC) profiling from COVID-19 patients.

  Study JGAS000862

• Impact of germline pathogenic variants in 27 cancer-predisposing genes on the risk of lymphoma

  The application of advanced molecular technology has significantly expanded lymphoma classification, allowing risk stratification and treatment optimization. Limited evidence suggests the presence of a genetic predisposition in lymphoma, indicating the potential for better individualized clinical management based on a novel lymphoma classification. Herein, we examined the impact of germline pathogenic variants in 27 cancer-predisposing genes with lymphoma risk and explored the clinical characteristics of pathogenic variant carriers. This study included 2,066 lymphoma patients and 38,153 cancer-free controls from the Japanese population. Following quality control of sequencing data, samples from 1,982 lymphoma patients and 37,592 controls were further analyzed. Sequencing data of controls were obtained from JGAD000721. Germline pathogenic variants in some cancer-predisposing genes were associated with a high risk of lymphoma. Furthermore, germline pathogenic variants in these genes were especially associated with the higher risk of a certain subtype. These results would provide novel insights concerning monogenic form into lymphoma classification. Some lymphoma patients may benefit from surveillance and targeted treatment like other neoplasms.

  Study JGAS000347

• Japanese Reference Genome JG1

  The complete human genome sequence is used as a reference for next-generation sequencing analyses. However, some ethnic ancestries are under-represented in the reference genome (e.g., GRCh37) due to its bias toward European and African ancestries. Here, we perform de novo assembly of three Japanese male genomes using >100�� Pacific Biosciences long reads and Bionano Genomics optical maps per sample. We integrate the genomes using the major allele for consensus and anchor the scaffolds using genetic and radiation hybrid maps to reconstruct each chromosome. The resulting genome sequence, JG1, is contiguous, accurate, and carries the major allele for a Japanese population.

  Study JGAS000259

• Whole-exome sequencing of MDS and related myeloid neoplasms

  Myelodysplastic syndromes(MDS) and related myeloid neoplasms (myelodysplasia) are heterogenous group of myeloid neoplasms characterized by deregulated blood cell production with evidence of myeloid dysplasia. Previously, frequent mutations in genes on RNA splicing machinery and DNA methylation pathway have been identified. However, comprehensive analysis of genetic alterations have not performed on a large cohort of these diseases. Therefore, in this study, we performed whole-exome sequencing of MDS and related myeloid neoplasms.

  Study JGAS000023

• Defined Lifestyle and Germline Factors Predispose Asian Populations to Gastric Cancer

  Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the leading causes of cancer mortality throughout the world, with the highest incidence in east-Asia. Although the somatic genetics of GC has extensively been characterized by recent advances in cancer genome sequencing, the germline and environmental effects on GC and their ethnic differences have poorly been understood. Here, we performed genomic scale trans-ethnic analysis of 531 GC cases (319 Asian and 212 non-Asians), by integrating east-Asian and public GC datasets. There is one distinct GC subclass with clear alcohol-associated mutation signature and strong Asian specificity, and almost all the cases in the subclass are attributable to alcohol intake behavior, smoking habit, and Asian-specific ALDH2 defective allele. Alcohol-related GCs have low mutation burden and a characteristic immune profile of increased B-cell infiltration into the tumor area in relation to cancer cell-intrinsic CXCL13 chemokine expression. In addition to germline variants of genes involved in BRCA pathways, we found frequent (7.4%) germline CDH1 variants among Japanese GCs. Most of them were attributed to a few recurrent SNVs shared by both Japanese and Koreans, suggesting the existence of common ancestral events and widespread distributions of these pathogenic variants among east-Asian populations. Specifically, approximately one-fifth of diffuse-type GCs were attributable to the combination of alcohol intake and defective-ALDH2 allele or to germline CDH1 variants. These results revealed uncharacterized impacts of germline variants and their interplays with lifestyles in the high incidence areas.

  Study JGAS000229