4052 results for "*geneti*"

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• PBAT sequencing of naïve human ESCs

  This project investigates the DNA methylation landscape of naïve human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) derived from human embryos, assessing the impact of ERK inhibition (ERKi). Naïve ESCs were cultured in UXGL or PXGL media. Post bisulphite adaptor tagging protocol was used to profile genome-wide DNA methylation.

  Study EGAS50000001006

• The circulating cell-free DNA landscape in sepsis is dominated by impaired liver clearance

  Circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is a promising molecular biomarker. However, its utility in severe infection remains poorly understood. Here, we isolated cfDNA from sepsis patients and controls, demonstrating a 41-fold increase in the amount of cfDNA in circulation during disease. We used sequencing to reconstruct cfDNA methylomes, fragmentation profiles, and nucleosome footprints across 58 samples. We observed no difference in cfDNA composition between patients and controls, challenging the idea that cfDNA increases due to higher immune cell death during sepsis. Instead, we suggest that liver dysfunction prevents efficient clearance of cfDNA during disease. This was supported by fragmentation and end-motif patterns, both of which showed evidence of cfDNA being exposed to circulating nucleases for a prolonged period, proportionally to the extent of liver dysfunction. Variation in cfDNA of megakaryocyte-erythroid progenitor origin was also a significant contributor in sepsis, increasing over time. Moreover, we showed that cfDNA retains nucleosome footprints with cell type-specific gene activity information. We developed a novel approach to study nucleosome phasing that successfully recovers tissue-specific signatures. By combining this with single-cell data, we demonstrated that sepsis patients with liver dysfunction have higher amounts of cfDNA derived from Kupffer cells and the liver parenchyma. In conclusion, we present the first high-throughput multi-modal study of cfDNA during sepsis, which will serve as a reference point for future studies on the role of this biomarker in critical illness.

  Study EGAS50000001033

• South African Blood Regulatory (SABR) Resource

  Functional genomics resources are critical for interpreting human genetic studies, however they are predominantly from European-ancestry individuals. Here we present the South African Blood Regulatory (SABR) resource, a map of blood regulatory variation that includes three South Eastern Bantu-speaking groups. Using paired whole genome and blood transcriptome data from over 600 individuals, we map the genetic architecture of 40 blood cell traits derived from deconvolution analysis, as well as expression, splice, and cell type interaction quantitative trait loci (QTL).

  Study EGAS50000001008

• SCI-MAP: Single Cell Microgel embedded iPS-cells to map molecular variability of cell differentiation using a systems biology approach.

  In the SCI-MAP project we will map cell states encountered across a previously established 49 day in vitro chondrogenic differentiation protocol. We do this to optimise the differentiation process for therapeutic and in vitro modelling ends. We collect epigenetic open chromatin and phenotypic transcriptome data to determine cell states and so performed single nucleus sequencing in two modalities: RNA- and ATAC-sequencing. Data was collected in a time series experiment at 7 points: Days 0, 3, 6, 8, 14, 21, and 49, starting with the first pilot data from day 21 (D21).

  Study EGAS50000001041

• Jeju Genome Project

  The Jeju Genome Project (JGP) is a multi-omics resource for precision medicine in a geographically distinct South Korean population. It comprises 5,309 participants (3,001 community-based; 2,308 hospital-based) with data spanning Whole-Genome Sequencing (WGS) and genotyping arrays. The hospital cohort is specifically enriched for neurological and rheumatic diseases and malignancies. By providing a population-specific reference panel, JGP enables high-resolution genetic architecture analysis, risk stratification, and the discovery of rare variants relevant to Jeju and broader East Asian populations.

  Study EGAS50000001706

• Integrated targeted deep sequencing reveals unique tissue-of-origin and donor cell-free DNA signatures in transplant recipients

  We have developed a targeted deep methylation sequencing assay that integrates cell-free DNA (cfDNA) tissue-of-origin analysis with donor-derived cfDNA quantification to non-invasively monitor transplant health. In this study, liver and kidney transplant recipients were assessed in conjunction with healthy controls to characterize the dynamic patterns of cfDNA release and clearance, and to identify distinct tissue injury signatures throughout the transplant journey.

  Study EGAS50000000987

• Direct genetic transformation bypasses tumor-associated DNA methylation alterations

  Tumors represent dynamically evolving populations of mutant cells, and many advances have been made in understanding the biology of their progression. However, key unresolved questions remain about the conditions that support their initial transformation, which cannot be easily captured in patient populations but are instead modeled using transgenic cellular or animal systems. Here, we used extensive patient atlas data to define common features of the tumor DNA methylation landscape as they compare to healthy human cells and used this benchmark to screen 21 engineered human and mouse models for their ability to reproduce these patterns. Notably, we find that genetically induced cellular transformation can trigger global changes in DNA methylation levels that are consistent with extensive proliferation but rarely recapitulate the widespread de novo methylation of Polycomb targets as found in clinical samples. Our results raise pertinent questions about the relationship between genetic and epigenetic aspects of tumorigenesis and provide an important molecular reference for evaluating existing as well as newer tumor models.

  Study EGAS50000000902

• Whole Exome Sequencing of monomorphic epitheliotropic intestinal T-cell lymphoma and enteropathy associated T-cell lymphoma

  Background : Enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma (EATL) and monomorphic epitheliotropic intestinal T-cell lymphoma (MEITL) are aggressive malignancies with limited treatment options and poor prognosis. Our research on MEITL has uncovered its genetic portrait including hallmark SEDT2 mutations, expanded its pathological spectrum, and identified molecular biomarkers influencing patients’ outcome. In this study, we aimed to establish and clarify the similar and diverging features of EATL. Methods : A large combined cohort of patients with EATL (n=30) and MEITL (n=52) was assembled and tumor samples were used for whole-exome and RNA sequencing profiling.

  Study EGAS50000001126

• Single-cell multi-omics and mtDNA genotyping of human peripheral blood cells

  In this study, we characterize human peripheral blood cells using mitochondrial single-cell ATAC-seq (mtscATAC-seq), which simultaneously profiles mitochondrial genomes and chromatin accessibility at single-cell resolution. This submission includes PBMCs from one healthy pediatric donor and one 80-year-old patient diagnosed with mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) syndrome.

  Study EGAS50000001020

• Dynamic human admixture histories over the past ~1,300 years at the northern Himalayan frontier

  Archaeological and paleogenomic evidence from the Tibetan Plateau and high-altitude Central Himalayas suggest biocultural connections with each other and with lowland East, Central, and South Asia. However, genetic histories at the northern frontier of the Indian Himalayas, which is geographically more proximal to Central and lowland South Asia, remain underexplored. We analyzed genome-wide data from 7 ancient (~2300 to 100 years old) and 10 present-day individuals from the northern Indian Himalayas and one ~3370-year-old individual from the Central Himalayas in Nepal. Ancient and present-day individuals from the northern Himalayas predominantly have Tibetan-related genetic ancestry, likely the source of high-altitude adaptive variants in these individuals, with substantial Steppe-related genetic ancestry that is observed in all individuals dating between ~1300 years and present day. In addition, some present-day individuals have lowland South Asian admixture. Our analyses reveal a dynamic interplay between genetic admixture and continuity in the northern Himalayas.

  Study EGAS50000001342