14507 results for "PLOS+ONE+Pennsylvania+German+ACS+language+code+pdc+open+access+study"

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• Identification of Genomic Markers of Cervical Dystonia and Subtypes

  As the third most common movement disorder, dystonias collectively affect more than 2 million people worldwide. Despite their high prevalence, their biological roots are largely unknown. Genetic influences are suggested in familial studies, however, no specific genetic variants are responsible for a significant proportion of identified cases. Previous genome-wide association studies of the dystonias were limited by smaller sample size and lack of coverage of rare variants. In this study, we use a high-throughput genomic approach to effectively investigate relationships between over genome-wide genetic variations and dystonias. We conduct targeted analyses of candidate genes, as well as agnostic searches for any genomic with the dystonias and subtypes in a large sample of dystonia patients available.

  Study phs001803

• Drug Resistant Hypertension in African Americans' Exome

  Resistant hypertension is defined as blood pressure that remains above goal in spite of the concurrent use of 3 antihypertensive agents of different classes or the concurrent use of 4 or more antihypertensive agents regardless of control. Its diagnosis is important for the identification of patients who are at high risk of having reversible causes of hypertension and/or patients who, because of persistently high blood pressure levels, may benefit from special diagnostic and therapeutic considerations. Resistant hypertension represents an extreme phenotype, thus, it has been predicted that genetic factors could play a larger role than for the general hypertensive population. Genetic assessments of patients with resistant hypertension have been limited. The current study assayed the exome of 91 African American patients with treatment resistant hypertension.

  Study phs000442

• Cross-site Concordance Evaluation of Tumor DNA and RNA Sequencing Platforms of CIMAC-CIDC Network

  The Cancer Immune Monitoring and Analysis Centers (CIMACs) and the Cancer Immunologic Data Commons (CIDC)  has engaged in efforts to harmonize Whole-exome (WES) and RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) data from three different experimental platforms (MD Anderson, NCI MoCha lab, and Broad Institute) and are using a series of developed pipelines to process the early trial samples. To evaluate the consistency of tumor WES and RNA-seq profiling platforms across different centers, the CIMACs-CIDC conducted a systematic harmonization study. DNA and RNA were centrally extracted from fresh frozen (FF) and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) tumors and distributed to three centers for WES and RNA-seq profiling

  Study phs002295

• Multicenter International Cross-Sectional Evaluation of Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis (MICEPAP) Trial

  The purpose of this study is to (1) compare a technically improved assay with an existing assay used to measure serum anti-GM-CSF antibodies in stored serum samples previously obtained from patients diagnosed with either primary, secondary, congenital or idiopathic pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP), other chronic diseases or disease-free, healthy individuals; (2) determine the prevalence and levels of anti-GM-CSF autoantibodies and (3) define the breadth of the autoimmune antibody responses in primary PAP patients from the United States, Japan, Australia, and Europe using previously collected serum samples; and (4) using a chart review approach, compare the clinical, radiologic and laboratory features of primary PAP patients to determine if differences exist among patients in these globally geographically distributed regions.

  Study phs001309

• Analysis of Recurrently Protected Genomic Regions in Urine Cell-Free DNA

  This study investigated fragmentation patterns in urine and plasma cell-free DNA and evaluated the relevance of such analysis for cancer diagnostics using urine samples. Specifically, we performed whole-genome sequencing at variable depths and evaluated genome-wide coverage in urine and plasma samples, relative to known genome annotation features. Tumor/germline exome sequencing data included was used to identify genome-wide copy number changes and their effect on cfDNA fragmentation in corresponding genomic regions in urine samples. Data included in this submission is whole-genome sequencing of urine and/or plasma cell-free DNA from healthy volunteers and/or cancer patients, and whole-exome sequencing of tumor DNA and germline DNA (peripheral blood cells) from cancer patients. 

  Study phs002273

• Transcriptomic Analysis of Pluripotent Stem Cell-Based Model of Human Amniogenesis

  The amniotic epithelium is the innermost layer of the amniochorionic membrane that physically divides the maternal and fetal environments. Amniogenesis is initiated during implantation in humans. In implanting blastocysts, the pluripotent epiblast cells undergo apical-basal polarization to form a cyst with a central lumen, the future amniotic cavity. This event is followed by the fate transition of pluripotent epiblast cells at the uterine-proximal pole of the cyst to squamous amniotic ectoderm, forming a sharp boundary between amnion and pluripotent epiblast portions of the cyst. To enable mechanistic investigations into amnion fate progression, several in vitro models based on human pluripotent stem cells were recently developed. In this study, transcriptomic features of human pluripotent stem cell-derived amniogenesis models were examined.

  Study phs002184

• Cergentis FFPE-TLC

  In this study, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded targeted locus capture (FFPE-TLC) sequencing is used as a novel technology for targeted detection of tumor-specific genomic structural variants (SVs) in the primary tumor of 29 colorectal cancer patients with metastatic disease. The tumor region was macrodissected and sequenced for 29 patients, and the "normal" region of the same slide was macrodissected and sequenced for 8 of these patients. SVs were found in the common fragile site (CFS)-associated genes MACROD2, PRKN, FHIT and WWOX as well as SVs caused by three LINE transposable elements. Tumor-specificity of selected SVs was independently verified by droplet digital PCR of tumor tissue DNA and their applicability as plasma circulating tumor DNA biomarkers was demonstrated.

  Study EGAS50000000427

• Combined single-cell transcriptomics and T-cell receptor sequencing reveal heterogeneity of mycosis fungoides between and within patients and identify a CD4+ cytotoxic subtype

  Comprehensive analysis of the malignant cells present in the skin lesions of Mycosis fungoides, the most common subtype of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, is complicated by the fact that malignant from reactive T cells are challenging to distinguish with certainty. To this end, combined single-cell RNA and TCR sequencing allows unambiguous identification of MF cells, thereby revealing a marked heterogeneity between and within patients with unexpected functional phenotypes. It should be further noted, that mRNA expression of established CTCL protein markers in single-cell transcriptomics to identify MF cells should be used with caution; however, our study uncovered an exciting gene expression pattern that serves as a beacon separating malignant from reactive T cells.

  Study EGAS50000000226

• Gene-Specific RNA Sequencing in PLCG2-Associated Immune Dysregulation with Cold Urticaria

  This study utilized gene-specific RNA-sequencing of PLCG2 to screen for disease causing in-frame exon-skipping transcripts of PLCG2 in a collection of 9 subjects with cold urticaria, 2 subjects with known PLCG2-associated antibody deficiency and immune dysregulation (PLAID)-causing deletions of PLCG2 (positive controls) and 3 healthy subjects (negative controls). Full length cDNA of PLCG2 was generated using gene specific reverse transcription of peripheral blood mononuclear cell RNA. The full length PLCG2 cDNA was used as the template to create Illumina sequencing libraries. To identify the underlying genetic basis for the exon-skipping transcripts, trio-based whole genome sequencing was performed for probands in whom in-frame exon-skipping transcripts of PLCG2 were identified.

  Study phs003807

• Synchronous patterning of hiPSC-derived CNS progenitors generates comprehensive axial spinal cord organoids (CASCOs) containing diverse motor neuron population

  Advancements in human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) culture have enabled the generation of spinal cord organoids (SCOs), though achieving distinct axial identities in spinal motor neurons (spMNs) along the rostro-caudal (RC) axis remains a challenge. By optimizing the timing and sequence of patterning factors, we developed a mixed stem cell model of rostral neural stem cells (NSCs) and caudal neuromesodermal progenitors (NMPs) to generate SCOs with enhanced spMN heterogeneity, including a wide range of axial identities and benchmarked this against commonly used protocols. Our approach, termed CASO (Comprehensive Axial Spinal Organoids), also incorporates endothelial networks and skeletal muscle to improve organoid complexity and health, offering a novel method to study spMN axial specification and model neurodegenerative diseases.

  Study EGAS50000000891

• Genomic Changes in Breast Cancer Among Chinese Women in Hong Kong

  Recently, tumor sequencing and profiling analyses have improved molecular classification and refined existing breast cancer subtypes. However, epidemiologic data are absent in most somatic profiling studies even in extensively studied Western populations. The expansion of genomic studies to understudied populations with the integration of etiologic factors will allow the capture of a much wider range of genetic structure and mutagenic exposures associated with breast cancer risk. We therefore conducted a detailed molecular characterization of paired breast tumor/normal tissues using fresh frozen tissues collected from breast cancer cases in an ongoing breast cancer case-control study in Hong Kong. These analyses included whole genome (WGS)/exome sequencing (WES), targeted DNA panel sequencing, RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq), and genome-wide methylation profiling analyses.

  Study phs001870

• Ultrasensitive Detection and Monitoring of Circulating Tumor DNA using Structural Variants in Early-Stage Breast Cancer

  Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) detection has an emerging role in the management of breast cancer, offering a non-invasive means to monitor disease status and detect recurrence. This study demonstrates that longitudinal monitoring of tumor-specific structural variants - frequent alterations observed across many tumor types including all subtypes of breast cancer derived from Whole Genome Sequencing data - allows for ctDNA detection in nearly all participants in this cohort with untreated early breast cancer prior to starting neoadjuvant therapy. On-treatment ctDNA monitoring enabled the early identification of patients at high risk of recurrence and ctDNA was detected prior to relapse in participants across all receptor subtypes. These findings demonstrate the clinical validity of this assay approach for ultrasensitive ctDNA monitoring.

  Study EGAS50000000799

• NHLBI TOPMed: TReating Children to Prevent EXacerbations of Asthma (TREXA)

  TREXA is a 44-week randomized, double-blind, double-masked, four-treatment, parallel trial that will evaluate the weaning strategy that provides the best protection against the development of exacerbations in children whose asthma is acceptably controlled on a low dose of ICS (per NAEPP guidelines). Following the 4 weeks of the run-in period on a 1x dose of ICS (100 µg fluticasone b.i.d. or its equivalent), children who do not meet the definition of acceptable asthma control will be randomized to the parallel BADGER protocol; those who meet the definition of acceptable asthma control will be enrolled into the 44-week treatment phase of the study. The primary outcome measure will be time to first exacerbation requiring a prednisone course.

  Study phs001732

• Construction of endoscopic biopsy banking for understanding the intestinal environment in colorectal diseases and exploratory studies using these banking systems.

  Colorectal cancer is the most common type of cancer in Japan. Although some colorectal cancers have a genetic background, most colorectal cancers are sporadic. Known risk factors for colorectal cancer include smoking, obesity, lack of exercise, and red and processed meat. Furthermore, although it has been suggested that changes in the intestinal environment due to changes in diet and lifestyle may be involved in the increased incidence of colorectal cancer in Japan, the molecular mechanism has not yet been fully elucidated. The main objective of this study is to elucidate the changes in the intestinal environment that cause colorectal tumors, and also to contribute to the establishment of colorectal mucosal tissue banking in Japan.

  Study JGAS000655

• Profiling the genomic landscape and evolutionary history of polyploid giant cancer cells in undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcomas

  Polyploid giant cancer cells (PGCCs), characterised by multi-nucleation and atypical nuclear morphology, are a common feature of undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcomas. While PGCCs may be a critical substrate for cancer evolution, their formation pathways and the genomic consequences of PGCCs remain relatively under explored. In this study, we characterise PGCCs in undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcomas, as well as their histological mimics, and use topographic single-cell DNA sequencing (scDNA-seq) to investigate their genomic landscape. We selected PGCCs based on their nuclear morphology, including mono-nucleated or multi-nucleated bizarre, misshapen nuclei and analysed them at single-cell resolution. Our findings highlight PGCCs as a highly heterogeneous and evolutionarily dynamic component of undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcomas.

  Study EGAS50000001445

• Research on the identification of cancer stem cells for peidatric and adult malignancies.

  In recent years, "cancer stem cells" have been reported to exist in many cancers. Many reports have shown that they are the main cause of cancer recurrence. The aim of this study is to test whether cancer stem cells can be identified using patient samples. We will perform omics analysis of rare pediatric cancers by integrating genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics, including somatic and germline mutations, to deepen our understanding of the biological characteristics of the target disease. Based on the knowledge gained and clinical information from patients, we will conduct preclinical pharmacological studies using mouse models and in vitro models to investigate the therapeutic effects of novel therapeutic agents and novel therapeutic strategies such as cellular therapies.

  Study JGAS000623

• C-MACH reduced-representation bisulfite sequencing (RRBS)

  Umbilical cord blood (CB) has been commonly used as an epigenetic surrogate of fetuses. Here, we propose umbilical cord tissue (UC) as an alternative surrogate for epigenetic studies on fetuses. To explore the feasibility to examine UC epigenome by deep sequencing, we determined CpG methylation profiles of human postnatal UC by reduced representation bisulfite sequencing. We compared DNA methylomes between UC and CB. To investigate the effect of folate during pregnancy on fetal DNA methylation, we compared fetal UC DNA methylation between low and high levels of maternal plasma folate. Our study suggests that UC is useful as an alternative surrogate for studying environmental effects on DNA methylation in human fetuses, compensating CB by providing additional information about epigenetic regulation of genes.

  Study JGAS000171

• 'IL-17A-Producing ILC3s and Duodenal Adenoma in FAP'

  Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP) is a hereditary tumor syndrome that significantly enhances the risk of duodenal adenomas, with variations observed even among carriers of the same genetic variant. In this study, intestinal ILCs were isolated from 82 FAP and 26 non-FAP patients and analyzed through flow cytometry, qRT-PCR, and bulkRNA-sequencing. The data revealed a heightened frequency of ILC3s in FAP patients, and increased IL-17A production of duodenal NKp44(-)ILC3s was associated with FAP. Significant elevations in IL1B, IL23A, and DLL4 mRNA expression levels were found in FAP duodenal adenoma tissue, along with enhanced expression of DUOX2 and DUOXA2. The results suggest the involvement of IL-17A-producing NKp44(-)ILC3s in duodenal adenoma formation in FAP.

  Study EGAS00001007347

• NOTCH1 fusion genes in pediatric T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma hallmark a common high-risk subgroup with blood TARC levels as possible biomarker

  T-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LBL) is a common pediatric malignancy accounting for approximately 20% of the non-Hodgkin lymphomas during childhood. Survival rates of T-LBL are ~80%, but outcome after relapse is dismal, with salvage rates reaching only ~15. Considering the extremely poor prognosis after relapse and absence of clinically relevant high-risk genetics, there is an urgent need for the identification of molecular risk factors and new prognostic biomarkers in T-LBL, as well as identification of new therapeutic strategies. In this study we present a novel entity of high-risk pediatric T-LBL patients characterized by previously unknown NOTCH1 gene fusions and highly elevated blood TARC levels

  Study EGAS00001007703

• Targeted next-generation sequencing detects novel gene-phenotype associations and expands the mutational spectrum in cardiomyopathie

  Cardiomyopathies are a heterogeneous group of primary diseases of the myocardium,including hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), andarrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC), with higher morbidity andmortality. These diseases are genetically diverse and associated with rare mutations ina large number of genes, many of which overlap among the phenotypes. To betterinvestigate the genetic overlap between these three phenotypes and to identify newgenotype-phenotype correlations, we designed a custom gene panel consisting of 115genes known to be associated with cardiomyopathic phenotypes and channelopathies.A cohort of 38 unrelated patients, 16 affected by DCM, 14 by HCM and 8 by ARVC,was recruited for the study on the basis of more severe phenotypes and family historyof cardiomyopathy and/or sudden death.

  Study EGAS00001002506

• RNAseq data of polyA+ RNA from Leukocytes from 624 individuals of the SardiNIA cohort.

  We sequenced the polyA+ of the RNA of the leukocytes from 624 sardinian individuals with RNAseq (Illumina 2000, an average of round 60M reads per sample, 51 + 51 nt). Combining the genotype information of the same individuals (already available from the ProgeNIA project) with the transcriptome data we identified 21,183 independent expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) and 6,768 independent splicing quantitative trait loci (sQTLs), including 619 novel QTLs that exhibit population-specific trait associations. Using family relationships, we identified 809 segregating expression outliers and provide a new approach to study large effect regulatory variants and their relevance to traits. Our results provide insight into the effects of regulatory variants and their relationship to population history and individual genetic risk.

  Study EGAS00001002105

• Identification_of_rare_variants_associated_with_cardiovascular_traits_in_Cilento_isolates

  The aim of this project is to identify rare genetic variants of large effect implicated in complex diseases by focusing on the study of cardiovascular diseases and related quantitative traits in a well characterized isolated population in Cilento area, Italy.The reference panel has been selected carefully in order to maximize the imputation coverage and quality on the all population samples. The selected individuals should meet three criteria: selected individuals should be chip-genotyped and closely related to the maximum number of chip-genotyped individuals so as to maximize imputation coverage; relatedness between selected individuals should be minimal, so as to minimize redundancy in genetic information of the reference panel.We perform exome sequencing on samples from 250 individuals from the Campora and Gioi-Cardile populations.

  Study EGAS00001000620

• Understanding_the_multicellular_dynamics_of_clear_cell_renal_cell_carcinoma___DNA_sequencing

  This study will reconstruct the single cellular phylogeny of tumour and immune cells in relation to both genomic, functional, and spatial location. 20 tumours in total will be studied, including non-progressing small renal masses, progressing small renal masses, relatively indolent larger tumours, and high risk tumour with metastatic sampling. We aim to: Generate a focused, comprehensive phylogenetic characterisation of tumour cells Understand the dependencies of the cancer genome, transcriptome, tissue architecture and the single cellular micro-environment Quantify the single cellular composition and functional intra- and inter- tumoural heterogeneity Determine the phylogeny of tumour associated lymphocytes and their relationship to neo-epitopes and the immune microenvironment Investigate the mechanisms by which the tumour-normal interface constrains tumoural growth

  Study EGAS00001003517

• TGS___Comprehensive_Molecular_Characterization_of_Colorectal_Cancer_Metastases__MOSAIC_

  Systematic next generation sequencing efforts are beginning to define the genomic landscape across a range of primary tumours, but we know very little of the mutational evolution that contributes to disease progression.We therefore propose to obtain a comprehensive description of genomic, transcriptomic and epigenomic changes in a cohort of matched primary and metastatic colorectal cancers, and additionally to explore the extent to which those mutations identified as recurrent in the metastatic setting are able to subvert normal biological processes using both genetically engineered mouse models and established cancer cell lines. This study will enable us to define to what extent primary tumour profiling can capture the biological processes operative in matched metastases as well as the significance of intratumoural heterogeneity.

  Study EGAS00001000958

• Understanding_the_multicellular_dynamics_of_clear_cell_renal_cell_carcinoma___single_cell_RNA_sequencing

  This study will reconstruct the single cellular phylogeny of tumour and immune cells in relation to both genomic, functional, and spatial location. 20 tumours in total will be studied, including non-progressing small renal masses, progressing small renal masses, relatively indolent larger tumours, and high risk tumour with metastatic sampling. We aim to: Generate a focused, comprehensive phylogenetic characterisation of tumour cells Understand the dependencies of the cancer genome, transcriptome, tissue architecture and the single cellular micro-environment Quantify the single cellular composition and functional intra- and inter- tumoural heterogeneity Determine the phylogeny of tumour associated lymphocytes and their relationship to neo-epitopes and the immune microenvironment Investigate the mechanisms by which the tumour-normal interface constrains tumoural growth

  Study EGAS00001003519