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• 33 patients with Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance (MGUS)

  Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) is a premalignant precursor of multiple myeloma (MM) with a 1% risk of progression per year. Although targeted analyses have shown the presence of specific genetic abnormalities such as IGH translocations, RB1 deletion, 1q gain, hyperdiploidy or RAS genes mutations, little is known about molecular mechanism of malignant transformation. We have performed whole exome sequencing together with SNP array analysis in 33 flow-cytometry separated abnormal PC samples of MGUS patients to describe somatic gene mutations and chromosome changes at the genome-wide level. Non-synonymous mutations (NS-SNVs) and copy number alterations (CNAs) were present in 97.0% and in 63.6% of cases, respectively. Importantly, the number of somatic mutations was significantly lower in MGUS compared to MM (p<10-4) and we have identified 6 myeloma significantly mutated genes which are KRAS, NRAS, DIS3, HIST1H1E, EGR1 and LTB in the MGUS dataset. We also found a positive correlation with increasing chromosome changes and somatic mutations. IGH translocations were present in 27.3% of cases comprising t(4;14), t(11;14), t(14;16) or t(14;20) and were in a similar frequency to MM, which corresponded with primary lesion hypothesis. Data from this study showed MGUS is a genetically comprehensive disease, however overall genetic instability is significantly lower compared to MM.

  Dataset EGAD00001001901

• Rare coding variants in lupus risk genes

  Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is the prototypic systemic autoimmune disease. It is thought that many common variant gene loci of weak effect act additively to predispose to common autoimmune diseases, while the contribution of rare variants remains unclear. Here we describe that rare coding variants in lupus-risk genes are present in most SLE patients and healthy controls. We demonstrate the functional consequences of rare and low frequency missense variants in the interacting proteins BLK and BANK1, which are present alone, or in combination, in a substantial proportion of lupus patients. The rare variants found in patients, but not those found exclusively in controls, impair suppression of IRF5 and type-I IFN in human B cell lines and increase pathogenic lymphocytes in lupus-prone mice. Thus, rare gene variants are common in SLE and likely contribute to genetic risk.

  Study EGAS00001003548

• Starting Treatment with Agonist Replacement Therapies (START): A Randomized Trial of Methadone vs Buprenorphine/Naloxone for the Treatment of Opioid Dependence

  The Starting Treatment with Agonist Replacement Therapy (START) study was a 24-week, open-label, randomized trial of methadone versus Suboxone (buprenorphine/naloxone) for the treatment of opioid dependence. Patients were over the age of 18 and met DSM-IV qualifications for opioid dependence. The primary goal of the study was to determine if either medicine was associated with liver toxicity issues in this vulnerable patient population. Liver enzymes were measured at four time points. Urinalysis for opioids, cocaine, cannabis, benzodiazepines, and methamphetamine were performed on a weekly basis. A flexible dosing scheme was used during which physicians could alter medication dose based on withdrawal symptoms and urinalysis results. Neither medication was found to be associated with liver enzyme levels. In version 2 of this study, a text file containing 7704 SNPs with large allele frequency discrepancy as compared to 1000 Genomes is included. Users have the option to exlude these 7704 SNPs.

  Study phs001135

• Genomic Profiling of Melanoma

  This study reports on genomic profiling [whole-exome sequencing (WXS), bulk RNA sequencing (RNA-seq), and/or single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq)] of patient-derived melanoma samples and matched normal samples. The goal is to elucidate the genetic and cellular basis of sun-exposed and sun-shielded melanomas and to relate these findings to survival and regional metastasis. Specimens were collected by the Tissue Resource Core of the Yale SPORE in Skin Cancer with participants' informed signed consent according to Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) regulations with a Human Investigative Committee protocol. The melanomas used for sequencing were from fresh or snap-frozen tumors, or from short-term cell cultures. The cell cultures were routinely checked for mycoplasma contamination and were discarded when found positive. Matching normal DNA was from circulating lymphocytes or normal skin. We also include 77 WES-sequenced samples from the Yale Spitzoid neoplasm repository, which collects specimen and data according to a protocol approved by the Yale Human Investigative Committee.

  Study phs000933

• Effective screening strategy for deafness using a new-genetation sequencing platform: a consecutive analysis

  The diagnosis of the genetic etiology of deafness contributes to the clinical management of patients. We performed the following four genetic tests in three stages for 52 consecutive deafness subjects in one facility. We used the Invade assay and Sanger sequencing for the GJB2 gene or SLC26A4 gene in the first stage test, TaqMan genotyping assay in second stage test, and targeted exon sequencing using the massively parallel DNA sequencing in third stage test. Overall, we identified the genetic cause in 40% (21/52) of patients. The diagnostic rates of the first-, second- and third-stage genetic testing were 17%(9/52), 9%(4/43) and 21% (8/39), respectively. The combination approach using these genetic tests appears to be useful as a diagnostic tool for deafness patients. We recommended that genetic testing for the screening of common mutations in deafness genes using the Invader assay or TaqMan genotyping assay be performed as the initial evaluation. For the remaining undiagnosed cases, targeted exon sequencing using MPS is clinically and economically beneficial. This data set was MPS reads data (fastq) for 39 sensorineural hearing loss patients.

  Study JGAS000032

• Efficacy of two different FGFR-inhibitors in a patient with extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma harboring an FGFR2 mutation

  Cholangiocarcinomas (CCAs) is a type of cancer with few effective systemic therapies. Elucidation of the molecular landscape of the disease from genomic studies based on next generation sequencing (NGS) has contributed to the introduction of new targeted therapies. One of these treatments consists of a class of small molecules that target members of the FGFR family of receptor tyrosine kinases. These drugs are effective and have been approved for cholangiocarcinomas with fusions or rearrangements of FGFR genes. In contrast, the role of these inhibitors in cholangiocarcinomas with mutations in FGFR genes is less well defined. We report here a patient with a cholangiocarcinoma bearing a FGFR2 p.Ser252Trp mutation. The patient was treated with two different FGFR inhibitors, as the first caused ocular toxicity. She obtained clinical benefit from both. This case illustrates the efficacy of FGFR inhibitors on cholangiocarcinoma with specific point mutations. This is the first case to report the clinical benefit of these drugs in FGFR2 p.Ser252Trp mutation. Clinical benefit can be sustained, as seen in our patient. Our case also shows that FGFR inhibitors-induced adverse effects, such as ocular toxicities, may not recur after re-challenge with an alternative drug of the same class.

  Dataset EGAD50000000021

• The Library of Integrated Network-Based Cellular Signatures (LINCS) - NeuroLINCS

  The NeuroLINCS Center is part of the NIH Common Fund's Library of Integrated Network-based Cellular Signatures (LINCS) program, which aims to characterize how a variety of human cells, tissues and the entire organism respond to perturbations by drugs and other molecular factors. As Part of the LINCS program, the NeuroLINCS study concentrates on human brain cells, which are far less understood than other cells in the body. Our initial focus is to produce diseased motor neurons from patients by utilizing high-quality induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines from Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) patients in addition to unaffected normal healthy controls. Using state-of-the-art OMICS methods (genomics, epigenomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics), we intend to create a wealth of cellular data that is patient-specific in the context of their baseline genetic perturbations and in the presence of other genetic and environmental perturbagens (e.g. endoplasmic reticulum stress). The primary data will be used to build cell signatures that convey the key features that distinguish the state of a cell and determine its behavior. Ultimately, the analysis of these datasets will lead to the identification of a network of unique signatures relevant to each of these motor neuron diseases. The datasets represented in this study are generated from assays interrogating RNA expression (RNA-seq), chromatin accessibility (ATAC-seq) and whole genome sequencing.

  Study phs001231

• Functionally-defined Therapeutic Targets in Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma (DIPG)

  Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma (DIPG) is a universally fatal childhood cancer. Here, we performed a chemical screen in patient-derived DIPG cell cultures along with RNAseq expression analysis and integrated computational modeling to identify potentially effective therapeutic strategies. Panobinostat, among the more promising agents identified, demonstrated efficacy in pontine orthotopic xenograft models of both H3K27M and histone WT DIPG. These data suggest the potential utility of specific drug combinations and provides evidence of in vivo treatment efficacy of the multi-histone deacetylase inhibitor panobinostat. We are depositing to dbGaP deep sequencing whole exome data for 22 patient tumor samples and 13 matched normals, along with RNAseq data for 12 patient tumor samples and 6 normal pediatric brain tissue samples. In addition, we are depositing 22 RNAseq samples from DIPG cell lines before and after panobinostat treatment.

  Study phs000900

• P4HA1 Mediates Hypoxia-Induced Invasion in Human Pancreatic Cancer Organoids

  Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive malignancy defined by extensive invasion into the local tumor microenvironment and systemic metastasis. PDAC develops in a hypoxic microenvironment and adapts to survive under low oxygen conditions, including the activation of processes that may enhance the ability of cancer cells to invade locally or metastasize. Here we employ bulk RNA-sequencing of eight patient-derived organoid (PDO) cultures grown in hypoxia and normoxia to identify differentially expressed genes. PDOs were grown in Matrigel, transferred into collagen domes, then incubated in hypoxia or normoxia. Invasive organoids were individually collected from collagen domes grown in hypoxia and normoxia separately and processed for RNA-sequencing analysis. Using this dataset, prolyl 4-hydroxylase subunit alpha (P4HA1) was identified as a potential regulator of PDAC invasion in hypoxia. This dataset exists as a reference for gene expression of invasive organoids in hypoxia and normoxia.

  Study phs003961

• Evolution of DNA repair defects during malignant progression of low-grade gliomas after temozolomide treatment.

  Temozolomide (TMZ) increases the overall survival of patients with glioblastoma (GBM), but its role in the clinical management of diffuse low-grade gliomas (LGG) is still being defined. DNA hypermethylation of the O 6 -methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter is associated with an improved response to TMZ treatment, while inactivation of the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) pathway is associated with therapeutic resistance and TMZ-induced mutagenesis. We previously demonstrated that TMZ treatment of LGG induces driver mutations in the RB and AKT-mTOR pathways, which may drive malignant progression to secondary GBM. To better understand the mechanisms underlying TMZ-induced mutagenesis and malignant progression, we explored the evolution of MGMT methylation and genetic alterations affecting MMR genes in a cohort of 34 treatment-naïve LGGs and their recurrences. Recurrences with TMZ-associated hypermutation had increased MGMT methylation compared to their untreated initial tumors and higher overall MGMT methylation compared to TMZ-treated non-hypermutated recurrences. A TMZ-associated mutation in one or more MMR genes was observed in five out of six TMZ-treated hypermutated recurrences. In two cases, pre-existing heterozygous deletions encompassing MGMT, or an MMR gene, were followed by TMZ-associated mutations in one of the genes of interest. These results suggest that tumor cells with methylated MGMT may undergo positive selection during TMZ treatment in the context of MMR deficiency.

  Study EGAS00001001179

• Effect of 28-day administration of Urolithin A to sedentary elderly on muscle gene expression

  Urolithin A (UA) is a natural dietary, microflora derived, metabolite shown to stimulate mitophagy and improve muscle health in old animals and pre-clinical models of aging. UA was administered for 28-day in a first-in-human clinical trial to sedentary elderly subjects. Muscle biopsies were collected before the first dosing, and at the end of the 28-day period, under fasted conditions. Gene expression was measured by microarray. Gene-set enrichment analysis of the gene expression data showed that UA increased the transcription of mitochondrial related genesets. These observed effects on mitochondrial biomarkers show that UA induces a molecular signature of improved mitochondrial and cellular health following regular oral consumption in humans.

  Study EGAS00001003638

• Cell-type eQTLs for single-cell Mendelian Randomisation

  The following study mapped eQTLs in the post-mortem human brain from snRNA-seq generated on 391 individuals. Following eQTL discovery and identification of state-specific eQTLs (dynamic associations interacting with disease), colocalisation and MR was performed integrating GWAS from 42 traits, for the identification of putatively causal genes with cell-type specific context. This study contains raw sequencing data and genotype for two datasets used in this work; - The MRC 60 dataset, which contains snRNA-seq generated on post-mortem brain from 60 control individuals (104 samples total, split across prefrontal cortex and hippocampus). Samples were pooled into 27 distinct pools, each of which was split across 4 lanes. Following sequencing and mapping using cellranger, demultiplexing was done using Demuxlet using the pool-specific genotype data (which contain sample IDs). - The Roche PD dataset, which is 10X multiome data generated on on 70 PD and 22 control individuals.

  Study EGAS50000000687

• Susceptibility genes for the development of SLE during treatment of IBD

  A potential and very serious side effect of treating IBD with antiTNFa therapies (the currentgold standard) is the development of systemic lupus erythematosis (SLE). This side effect israre and unpredictable. Out of several thousand cases having received treatment, theUniversity of Calgary have accumulated 12 individuals with full phenotyping and novelserological antibody discovery panel data. We propose to exome sequence these samples inan effort to identify rare highly-penetrant variants that could be underlying this severephenotype.

  Dataset EGAD00001000670

• Exome sequencing reveals pathogenic variants in known and novel candidate genes for severe sperm motility disorders.

  The dataset is composed by the raw and processed sequencing data generated from 8 Australian Patients and 13 Argentinian Patients affected by a form of male infertility characterised by vital, but immotile sperm often in combination with a spectrum of structural abnormalities of the sperm flagellum.

  Dataset EGAD00001007085

• MDS Sequencing Project_Cancer Cell

  Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are uncommon entities, heterogeneous clinically and cytogenetically. The aim of the present study is to determine genetic alteration in this subset of patients. Expected results: Identification of new aberrations and genetic markers in order to detect novel genes involved in MDS 5q-response to Lenalidomide's treatment.

  Study EGAS00001001011

• NHLBI GO-ESP: Lung Cohorts Exome Sequencing Project (Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension)

  The NHLBI "Grand Opportunity" Exome Sequencing Project (GO-ESP), a signature project of the NHLBI Recovery Act investment, was designed to identify genetic variants in coding regions (exons) of the human genome (the "exome") that are associated with heart, lung and blood diseases. These and related diseases that are of high impact to public health and individuals from diverse racial and ethnic groups will be studied. These data may help researchers understand the causes of disease, contributing to better ways to prevent, diagnose, and treat diseases, as well as determine whether to tailor prevention and treatments to specific populations. This could lead to more effective treatments and reduce the likelihood of side effects. GO-ESP is comprised of five collaborative components: 3 cohort consortia - HeartGO, LungGO, and WHISP - and 2 sequencing centers - BroadGO and SeattleGO. The syndrome of pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a pulmonary disease that carries very high morbidity and mortality. Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a category of PH (WHO Group 1) that includes several entities (idiopathic or heritable PAH, and PAH associated with other diseases such as connective tissue diseases including scleroderma-associated PAH) and carries a dismal prognosis, in particular when it relates to scleroderma-associated PAH (median survival of about 4 years). It is believed that the severity of structural changes involving the pulmonary vasculature and right ventricular failure are genetically determined. The 'Genomics and Genetics of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension' study at Johns Hopkins University aims to identify genetic determinants associated with risk of PAH in a cohort of European American and African American participants with and without PAH. The study also focuses on patients with scleroderma, who are further stratified according to those who have or do not have PAH. The broad goals of the Lung GO/ESP-GO falls into two general categories: (i) discovery of all variants (i.e., common and rare) in all protein-coding regions of the human genome (i.e., the exome) conferring risk to complex pulmonary diseases including PAH. The Johns Hopkins University PAH cohort offers a unique opportunity to elucidate genetic variants that cause PAH.

  Study phs000290

• Incentives and Case Management to Improve Cardiac Care: Healthy Lifestyle Program (HeLP)

  Data Access NOTE: Please refer to the “Authorized Access” section below for information about how access to the data from this study.Objectives: The HeLP study assessed how early case management, financial incentives contingent on cardiac-rehabilitation attendance, or both impacted adherence to cardiac rehabilitation among patients with lower socioeconomic status (SES) who had a cardiac-rehabilitation-qualifying diagnosis. Background:Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the United States. Regular attendance at cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is the number one recommendation for patients who have experienced a recent cardiac event. CR is a secondary prevention outpatient program involving an individually tailored structured exercise program along with counseling and encouragement regarding lifestyle changes to reduce the recurrence of major cardiac events.Despite the benefits of CR attendance, enrollment and adherence to the program are low. This is particularly true of individuals of lower socioeconomic status (SES), who also generally suffer a higher burden from CVD on account of higher-risk cardiac profiles. As these profiles are the result of modifiable behavior targeted by CR (i.e., smoking, obesity, lack of physical activity), methods of increasing CR attendance among this population are necessary.Case management and financial incentives contingent on CR attendance are two potential strategies for addressing this issue. Previous studies have shown how trained case managers can support and assist patients with attending CR and improving their cardiac health, and how financial incentives can promote various types of health-related behavior. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate how these two interventions, individually and in tandem, fared at improving CR adherence among individuals of lower SES specifically. Participants:A total of 314 participants were screened, and 209 were randomized. All consented to have their data shared for research purposes. Design:Eligible patients were approached either while still in the hospital or during initial visits to CR. After obtaining informed consent, clinical and demographic characteristics (i.e., age, sex, education, race and ethnicity, smoking status, and CR-qualifying diagnosis) and depressive symptoms were collected. Participants then were randomized 2:3:3:3 to usual care (UC), case management starting in hospital (CM), financial incentives for attending CR (FI), or financial incentives plus case management (FICM). For all participants regardless of condition, an appropriate referral for CR was confirmed after randomization. Over the course of the study participants completed three assessments – one at intake, one after four months, and one after one year. Clinical (i.e., cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition, and cardiac-related quality of life) and sociocognitive (i.e., Beck Depression Inventory, Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment, and Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function) measures were obtained at each assessment. Participants randomized to the UC condition were contacted weekly by study staff for adverse event checks, but received no additional intervention. Participants randomized to the CM condition were immediately assigned a case manager. Case managers met with their participants, usually within 24 hours of consent while they were still in the hospital, to introduce themselves during an initial check-in. Within the first week of consent they completed a longer, more thorough initial needs assessment with their participant and established behavioral goals. For the next 16 weeks, case managers met with their participants at least once a week, typically over the phone, to discuss progress on these goals and address any problems or barriers that had arisen. Case managers also were available via phone outside of these regular meetings during normal working hours and Saturday mornings. Participants randomized to the FI condition could earn money for completing an initial CR orientation and attending CR sessions. Twenty dollars could be earned for completing the CR orientation session. CR attendance was reinforced on an escalating schedule starting at $10. Payments increased by $2 for each successive session attended, and capped out at a maximum of $40 per session. Unexcused absences resulted in the incentives for that session not being earned, and the potential earnings for the next scheduled session being reset to $10. Successful participation of two consecutive sessions following the reset resulted in the incentives being returned to the amount prior to the reset. In total, participants could earn $1220 for attending the initial orientation and all 36 sessions of CR. The primary outcome of interest was the percentage of participants who completed at least 30 sessions of CR. Secondary outcomes included the number of sessions completed, cardiorespiratory fitness (peak VO2 and estimated metabolic equivalents (METs)), body composition (waist circumference and BMI), depression scores, and both general and cardiac-related qualify of life. Conclusions:The two interventions involving financial incentives (i.e., financial incentives alone and financial incentives plus case management) significantly improved CR adherence compared to usual care. Subsequent analyses revealed that the combination of financial incentives and case management led to greater improvements in CR attendance than financial incentives alone.

  Study phs003737

• BIONi010-C-8 / SAMEA4454011 WGS data

  The iPSC line BIONi010-C-8 / SAMEA4454011 has undergone whole genome sequencing. Whole genome sequencing was done using Illumina HiSeq X Five platform with a reference genome of GRCh38. Raw data as FASTQ files and analysed data as CRAM files are available for this sample, in this dataset. The iPSC line BIONi010-C-8 is available for research use at www.EBiSC.org.

  Dataset EGAD50000001028

• SIGi001-A-13 / SAMEA104386250 WGS data

  The iPSC line SIGi001-A-13 / SAMEA104386250 has undergone whole genome sequencing. Whole genome sequencing was done using Illumina HiSeq X Five platform with a reference genome of GRCh38. Raw data as FASTQ files and analysed data as CRAM files are available for this sample, in this dataset. The iPSC line SIGi001-A-13 is available for research use at www.EBiSC.org.

  Dataset EGAD50000001031

• BIONi010-C-3 / SAMEA4342740 WGS data

  The iPSC line BIONi010-C-3 / SAMEA4342740 has undergone whole genome sequencing. Whole genome sequencing was done using Illumina HiSeq X Five platform with a reference genome of GRCh38. Raw data as FASTQ files and analysed data as CRAM files are available for this sample, in this dataset. The iPSC line BIONi010-C-3 is available for research use at www.EBiSC.org.

  Dataset EGAD50000001034

• BIONi010-C-7 / SAMEA4454010 WGS data

  The iPSC line BIONi010-C-7 / SAMEA4454010 has undergone whole genome sequencing. Whole genome sequencing was done using Illumina HiSeq X Five platform with a reference genome of GRCh38. Raw data as FASTQ files and analysed data as CRAM files are available for this sample, in this dataset. The iPSC line BIONi010-C-7 is available for research use at www.EBiSC.org.

  Dataset EGAD50000001035

• BIONi010-C-6 / SAMEA4454009 WGS data

  The iPSC line BIONi010-C-6 / SAMEA4454009 has undergone whole genome sequencing. Whole genome sequencing was done using Illumina HiSeq X Five platform with a reference genome of GRCh38. Raw data as FASTQ files and analysed data as CRAM files are available for this sample, in this dataset. The iPSC line BIONi010-C-6 is available for research use at www.EBiSC.org.

  Dataset EGAD50000001037

• BIONi010-C-9 / SAMEA4454012 WGS data

  The iPSC line BIONi010-C-9 / SAMEA4454012 has undergone whole genome sequencing. Whole genome sequencing was done using Illumina HiSeq X Five platform with a reference genome of GRCh38. Raw data as FASTQ files and analysed data as CRAM files are available for this sample, in this dataset. The iPSC line BIONi010-C-9 is available for research use at www.EBiSC.org.

  Dataset EGAD50000001040

• SIGi001-A-3 / SAMEA4448571 WGS data

  The iPSC line SIGi001-A-3 / SAMEA4448571 has undergone whole genome sequencing. Whole genome sequencing was done using Illumina HiSeq X Five platform with a reference genome of GRCh38. Raw data as FASTQ files and analysed data as CRAM files are available for this sample, in this dataset. The iPSC line SIGi001-A-3 is available for research use at www.EBiSC.org.

  Dataset EGAD50000001041

• BIONi010-C-4 / SAMEA4452060 WGS data

  The iPSC line BIONi010-C-4 / SAMEA4452060 has undergone whole genome sequencing. Whole genome sequencing was done using Illumina HiSeq X Five platform with a reference genome of GRCh38. Raw data as FASTQ files and analysed data as CRAM files are available for this sample, in this dataset. The iPSC line BIONi010-C-4 is available for research use at www.EBiSC.org.

  Dataset EGAD50000001043

• EDi014-A / SAMEA4459369 WGS data

  The iPSC line EDi014-A / SAMEA4459369 has undergone whole genome sequencing. Whole genome sequencing was done using Illumina HiSeq X Five platform with a reference genome of GRCh38. Raw data as FASTQ files and analysed data as CRAM files are available for this sample, in this dataset. The iPSC line EDi014-A is available for research use at www.EBiSC.org.

  Dataset EGAD50000001051

• EDi014-B / SAMEA4459371 WGS data

  The iPSC line EDi014-B / SAMEA4459371 has undergone whole genome sequencing. Whole genome sequencing was done using Illumina HiSeq X Five platform with a reference genome of GRCh38. Raw data as FASTQ files and analysed data as CRAM files are available for this sample, in this dataset. The iPSC line EDi014-B is available for research use at www.EBiSC.org.

  Dataset EGAD50000001053

• SIGi001-A-9 / SAMEA4447499 WGS data

  The iPSC line SIGi001-A-9 / SAMEA4447499 has undergone whole genome sequencing. Whole genome sequencing was done using Illumina HiSeq X Five platform with a reference genome of GRCh38. Raw data as FASTQ files and analysed data as CRAM files are available for this sample, in this dataset. The iPSC line SIGi001-A-9 is available for research use at www.EBiSC.org.

  Dataset EGAD50000001095

• SIGi001-A-8 / SAMEA4448777 WGS data

  The iPSC line SIGi001-A-8 / SAMEA4448777 has undergone whole genome sequencing. Whole genome sequencing was done using Illumina HiSeq X Five platform with a reference genome of GRCh38. Raw data as FASTQ files and analysed data as CRAM files are available for this sample, in this dataset. The iPSC line SIGi001-A-8 is available for research use at www.EBiSC.org.

  Dataset EGAD50000001093

• SIGi001-A-5 / SAMEA4448708 WGS data

  The iPSC line SIGi001-A-5 / SAMEA4448708 has undergone whole genome sequencing. Whole genome sequencing was done using Illumina HiSeq X Five platform with a reference genome of GRCh38. Raw data as FASTQ files and analysed data as CRAM files are available for this sample, in this dataset. The iPSC line SIGi001-A-5 is available for research use at www.EBiSC.org.

  Dataset EGAD50000001092

• SIGi001-A-4 / SAMEA4448632 WGS data

  The iPSC line SIGi001-A-4 / SAMEA4448632 has undergone whole genome sequencing. Whole genome sequencing was done using Illumina HiSeq X Five platform with a reference genome of GRCh38. Raw data as FASTQ files and analysed data as CRAM files are available for this sample, in this dataset. The iPSC line SIGi001-A-4 is available for research use at www.EBiSC.org.

  Dataset EGAD50000001088

• SIGi001-A-6 / SAMEA4447426 WGS data

  The iPSC line SIGi001-A-6 / SAMEA4447426 has undergone whole genome sequencing. Whole genome sequencing was done using Illumina HiSeq X Five platform with a reference genome of GRCh38. Raw data as FASTQ files and analysed data as CRAM files are available for this sample, in this dataset. The iPSC line SIGi001-A-6 is available for research use at www.EBiSC.org.

  Dataset EGAD50000001078

• SIGi001-A-2 / SAMEA4451116 WGS data

  The iPSC line SIGi001-A-2 / SAMEA4451116 has undergone whole genome sequencing. Whole genome sequencing was done using Illumina HiSeq X Five platform with a reference genome of GRCh38. Raw data as FASTQ files and analysed data as CRAM files are available for this sample, in this dataset. The iPSC line SIGi001-A-2 is available for research use at www.EBiSC.org.

  Dataset EGAD50000001077

• SIGi001-A-12 / SAMEA104237570 WGS data

  The iPSC line SIGi001-A-12 / SAMEA104237570 has undergone whole genome sequencing. Whole genome sequencing was done using Illumina HiSeq X Five platform with a reference genome of GRCh38. Raw data as FASTQ files and analysed data as CRAM files are available for this sample, in this dataset. The iPSC line SIGi001-A-12 is available for research use at www.EBiSC.org.

  Dataset EGAD50000001076

• SIGi001-A-11 / SAMEA4451118 WGS data

  The iPSC line SIGi001-A-11 / SAMEA4451118 has undergone whole genome sequencing. Whole genome sequencing was done using Illumina HiSeq X Five platform with a reference genome of GRCh38. Raw data as FASTQ files and analysed data as CRAM files are available for this sample, in this dataset. The iPSC line SIGi001-A-11 is available for research use at www.EBiSC.org.

  Dataset EGAD50000001075

• SIGi001-A-10 / SAMEA4451117 WGS data

  The iPSC line SIGi001-A-10 / SAMEA4451117 has undergone whole genome sequencing. Whole genome sequencing was done using Illumina HiSeq X Five platform with a reference genome of GRCh38. Raw data as FASTQ files and analysed data as CRAM files are available for this sample, in this dataset. The iPSC line SIGi001-A-10 is available for research use at www.EBiSC.org.

  Dataset EGAD50000001074

• SIGi001-A-1 / SAMEA4451096 WGS data

  The iPSC line SIGi001-A-1 / SAMEA4451096 has undergone whole genome sequencing. Whole genome sequencing was done using Illumina HiSeq X Five platform with a reference genome of GRCh38. Raw data as FASTQ files and analysed data as CRAM files are available for this sample, in this dataset. The iPSC line SIGi001-A-1 is available for research use at www.EBiSC.org.

  Dataset EGAD50000001073

• BIONi010-C-2 / SAMEA4342705 WGS data

  The iPSC line BIONi010-C-2 / SAMEA4342705 has undergone whole genome sequencing. Whole genome sequencing was done using Illumina HiSeq X Five platform with a reference genome of GRCh38. Raw data as FASTQ files and analysed data as CRAM files are available for this sample, in this dataset. The iPSC line BIONi010-C-2 is available for research use at www.EBiSC.org.

  Dataset EGAD50000001068

• BIONi010-C-5 / SAMEA4452061 WGS data

  The iPSC line BIONi010-C-5 / SAMEA4452061 has undergone whole genome sequencing. Whole genome sequencing was done using Illumina HiSeq X Five platform with a reference genome of GRCh38. Raw data as FASTQ files and analysed data as CRAM files are available for this sample, in this dataset. The iPSC line BIONi010-C-5 is available for research use at www.EBiSC.org.

  Dataset EGAD50000001062

• SIGi001-A-7 / SAMEA4448730 WGS data

  The iPSC line SIGi001-A-7 / SAMEA4448730 has undergone whole genome sequencing. Whole genome sequencing was done using Illumina HiSeq X Five platform with a reference genome of GRCh38. Raw data as FASTQ files and analysed data as CRAM files are available for this sample, in this dataset. The iPSC line SIGi001-A-7 is available for research use at www.EBiSC.org.

  Dataset EGAD50000001060

• MYC Drives Progression of Small Cell Lung Cancer to a Variant Neuroendocrine Subtype with Vulnerability to Aurora Kinase Inhibition

  Loss of the tumor suppressors RB1 and TP53 and MYC amplification are frequent oncogenic events in small cell lung cancer (SCLC). We show that Myc expression cooperates with Rb1 and Trp53 loss in the mouse lung to promote aggressive, highly metastatic tumors, that are initially sensitive to chemotherapy followed by relapse, similar to human SCLC. Importantly, MYC drives a neuroendocrine-low “variant” subset of SCLC with high NEUROD1 expression corresponding to transcriptional profiles of human SCLC. Targeted drug screening reveals that SCLC with high MYC expression is vulnerable to Aurora kinase inhibition, which combined with chemotherapy strongly suppresses tumor progression and increases survival. These data identify molecular features for patient stratification and uncover a novel targeted treatment approach for MYC-driven SCLC.

  Study EGAS00001002115

• Elucidating the development of cervical cancer and identifying therapeutic targets based on cancer genome analysis.

  The objective of this project is to analyze genomic aberrations and gene expression changes, such as mutations, deletions, and amplifications, in human cervical cancer cells at the somatic cell level, and to contrast these with clinicopathological information to elucidate the molecular mechanisms and characteristics of lcervical cancer development and progression at the genetic level.

  Study JGAS000803

• WGS

  A genome-wide approach based on next generation sequencing (NGS) is performed on trios ( Patient+ Father + Mother) with SAID in order to identify known and new gene variants associated with certain forms of the disease. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed on frozen PBMCs. DNA was extracted using Chemagic Prime ( Perkin Elmer) and quantified with nanodrop. The raw sequencing data is generated on the Novaseq 6000 using an S4 flowcell, with a sequencing depth of ~30X

  Dataset EGAD50000002026

• Linked-read based analysis of Medulloblastomas

  Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common type of malignant pediatric brain tumor with group 4 medulloblastomas (G4 MBs) accounting for 40% of cases of medulloblastomas. The molecular mechanisms that underlie this subgroup are still poorly understood. Point mutations are detected in a large number of genes at low incidence per gene while the detection of complex structural variants (SVs) in recurrently affected gene typically requires the application of long-read technologies. Here, we applied linked-read sequencing, which combines the long-range genome information of long-read sequencing with the high base pair accuracy of short read sequencing and very low sample input requirements.

  Study EGAS00001007064

• Bulk Iso-Seq from brain tissue and exosomes isolated from brain tissue using long-read PacBio sequencing of poly-adenylated transcripts

  Human brain sEVs were isolated from postmortem human brain tissue. RNA was extracted from both the source brain tissue and sEVs and prepared for long-read sequencing. cDNA was sequenced on the PacBio Sequel II. The data provided have undergone processing using the tool ccs (v6.0.0) to generate circula consensus reads. For further processing, it is recommended to follow the guidelines at https://isoseq.how/, starting with using lima to remove cDNA primers.

  Dataset EGAD50000000043

• Shedding light over COVID-19 susceptibility and severity

  “One of the most remarkable features of SARS-CoV-2 infection is the variation in consequence ranging from asymptomatic to life-threatening” state the authors of the majestic Nature paper released in accelerated pre-view on July 2021. This variation in consequences represent not only an issue of burning medical relevance, but also a scientific and intellectual challenge for scientists around the globe. Researchers are known to be easily triggered by a challenge, and they recently demonstrated to be even better at double their efforts to focus on an urgent societal need. In this work led and coordinated by the COVID-19 Host Genetics Initiative (COVID-19 HGI), researchers gathered data from 49,562 cases and two million controls from 46 studies performed worldwide. The majority of the data has been deposited at the EGA, where 29 datasets have been collected under the study number EGAS00001005304. Data gathered from diverse sources conferred a huge robustness to the results. Genetic data from different ancestry origin were included in the analyses, even though data from patients with European origin was highly predominant (approx. 75%). Separated analysis of the different ancestries gave rise to relevant differences in the results, highlighting how important it is to take this aspect in consideration for future studies. Data from the individual studies was compiled into three categories according to COVID-19 severity for a meta-analysis: (a) critically ill cases (b) moderate or severe cases (c) all cases. They were paired with non-COVID-19-reported controls. All three analysis resulted in a total of 13 genetic loci associated with COVID-19 severity. Out of those, 9 loci associated specifically with critical illness, while 6 (a few overlapped) associated with moderated illness. Some genomic position matched previous findings. Interestingly, working with such an enormous amount of data allowed the depth to discriminate association with disease susceptibility vs severity, an issue of large medical relevance. Several loci mapped into biological relevant genes, like TYK2, PPP1R15A and FOXP4, previously implicated in immune response and/or lung functions. Researchers participating in the COVID-19 Host Genetics Initiative have worked in an unprecedented time-tight collaboration, prioritizing data sharing and collective results to tackle the pandemic affecting the world. The scientific community won’t miss any of the lessons to learn from this, and the EGA is ready to keep working to enable safe data sharing and fruitful collaborations.

  Blog covid-19-susceptibility-and-severity

• RNA stability controlled by m6A methylation contributes to X-to-autosome dosage compensation in mamals

  In mammals, X-chromosomal genes are expressed from a single copy since males (XY) possess a single X chromosome, while females (XX) undergo X inactivation. To compensate for this reduction in dosage compared to two active copies of autosomes, it has been proposed that genes from the active X chromosome exhibit dosage compensation. However, the existence and mechanism of X-to-autosome dosage compensation are still under debate. Here, we show that X-chromosomal transcripts are reduced in m6A modifications and more stable compared to their autosomal counterparts. Acute depletion of m6A selectively stabilises autosomal transcripts, resulting in perturbed dosage compensation in mouse embryonic stem cells. We propose that higher stability of X-chromosomal transcripts is directed by lower levels of m6A, indicating that mammalian dosage compensation is partly regulated by epitranscriptomic RNA modifications.

  Dataset EGAD00001010194

• Expression quantitative trait loci analysis using human immune cells in a Japanese population

  Recent evidence suggests that a substantial portion of complex disease risk alleles modify gene expression in a cell-specific manner. Therefore, it is reasonable to expect that cell-specific expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analysis can identify the candidate causal mechanisms of complex diseases (an eQTL is a variant whose polymorphism affects gene expression). We fractionated peripheral blood from 105 healthy Japanese volunteers into five major immune cell subsets (CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, B cells, NK cells, and monocytes). We quantified gene and exon expression by RNA sequencing, and tested associations with neighboring common variants (MAF ? 0.05).

  Study JGAS000085

• Multiomic spatial landscape of innate immune cells at central nervous system borders

  The innate immune compartment of the human central nervous system (CNS) is highly diverseand includes several immune cell populations such as macrophages that are frequent in the brain parenchyma (microglia) and less numerous at the brain interfaces as CNS-associated macrophages (CAMs).Due to their scantiness and particular location, little is known about the presence of temporally and spatially restricted CAM subclasses during development, health and perturbation. Here, we combined single-cell RNA-sequencing, time-of-flight mass cytometry and single-cell spatial transcriptomics with fate mapping and advanced immunohistochemistry to comprehensively characterize the immune system at human CNS interfaces. We also provide a comprehensive analysis of resident and engrafted myeloid cells in the brains of 15 individuals with peripheral blood stem cell transplantation, revealing compartment-specific engraftment rates across different CNS interfaces... Our results highlight myeloid diversity at the interfaces of the human CNS with the periphery and provide insights into the complexities of the human brain’s immune system.

  Study EGAS50000000030

• NHLBI TOPMed: MWCCS: Sex Differences in the Role of Multi-Omics in HIV-Associated Carotid Artery Atherosclerosis

  The MACS-WIHS Combined Cohort Study (MWCCS) is a multicenter prospective cohort study of men and women in the U.S. that aims to understand and reduce the impact of chronic health conditions, including heart, lung, blood, and sleep (HLBS) disorders that affect people living with HIV. MWCCS, which currently has over 5000 active study participants, is designed to investigate a spectrum of questions relating to the basic science, clinical science, and epidemiology of HIV infection in the U.S., with a focus on comorbidities among men and women living with HIV. The current substudy, nested within the MWCCS, integrates detailed metabolomics and proteomics data, among other "omics" measures, to improve the understanding of the etiology of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease in women and men with HIV, guide mechanistic studies, and provide insights to more efficient intervention strategies. Data on 374 men are included in the current substudy.

  Study phs003651