13397 results for ""60+mice"+"6+weeks"+diet+study+2014+2017+DOI"

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• Genomic DNA analysis for malignant mesothelioma from the patients of Japan and USA.

  Malignant mesotheliomas (MMs) are highly aggressive adult malignancies and exposure to asbestos is the major factor involved in MM pathogenesis. It is desirable for a better understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of MM will lead to more specific and effective targeted therapies. In addition it is reported that germline mutation in a specific gene (ex. BAP1) associates familial MMs, and new candidate markers to determine a subject?s predisposition to MM and for early detection need to be identified. Analysis of genomic DNA from MM tumors and reference peripheral blood from Japan and USA are ongoing to find the common genomic characters beyond race.

  Study JGAS000108

• Development of hunanized mice for human hematopoisis and immunity research

  We obtained peripheral blood or bone marrow samples from 112 acute myeloid leukemia patients and examined sensitivity and resistance of the AML samples to molecular targeting drugs. By doing RNA sequencing using AML cells, we found heterogenous gene expression patterns in AML with different mutational landscapes. From the RNA sequencing, we identified anti-apoptosis, cell cycle progression, and immune-related signals as pathways up-regulated in AML cells as compared with normal CD34+ cells. From the pathway analyses, we further setup in vitro experiments to find vulnerability genes in clinically-aggressive AML. BIRC, BCL2, MCL1, AURKB, and KIF10 may be essential molecules for AML cell survival and proliferation.

  Study JGAS000253

• Leukemic evolution of donor-derived cells harboring IDH2 and DNMT3A mutations after allogeneic stem cell transplantation

  An individual with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) received peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) transplantation, but later experienced relapse. Whole-exome sequencing of bone marrow cells obtained from different stages of this patient as well as PBSC of the donor revealed that relapsed AML was not the regrowth of the original leukemic clones, but donor cell leukemia (DCL). Interestingly, some of the oncogenic mutations found in DCL were already present at a low frequency in the donor PBSC. Target deep sequencing of these genes indeed confirmed this observation, and revealed that the emergence of additional oncogenic mutations triggered leukemic evolution.

  Study JGAS000017

• Tracing the molecular route to progression in miRNA biogenesis-defective thyroid lesions

  Alterations in the DICER1 and DGCR8 microprocessor genes confer risk to the development of benign and malignant thyroid lesions. The involvement of 2 miRNA biogenesis genes in benign and malignant thyroid tumors highlights the key role of miRNAs in the thyroid gland. We traced the progression from benignity to malignancy in DICER1- and DGCR8-mutated thyroid lesions by performing a multiomic characterization of these lesions aiming to uncover unique features characterizing either form for potential use as biomarkers. This multiomic characterization included whole exome sequencing (WES) (N=18), miRNA profiling (N=38), spatial transcriptomics (N=2) and/or methylome (N=281).

  Study EGAS50000001577

• Transcriptome analysis of a novel human iPSC-derived 3D cortical tissue model – 2D versus 3D co-culture comparison

  Single-cell RNA-seq analysis of human iPSC-derived microglia/astrocytes/neurons in a novel, human in vitro 3D cortical tissue model, as well as 2D co-cultures for comparison. Samples include distinct conditions (each as biological triplicates): - wild-type cells from 2D or 3D co-cultures after 3 months of culturing (2D_WT, 3D_WT) - knock-in cells from 2D or 3D co-cultures carrying three familial AD mutations in the APP gene (Swedish, Iberian, Arctic; introduced by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knock-in) after 3 months of culturing (2D_KI, 3D_KI) - 2D and 3D KI cultures treated with Bumetanide (KI_bum) or BACE IV (KI_bace) inhibitor

  Study EGAS50000001392

• Copy-choice recombination during mitochondrial L-strand synthesis causes DNA deletions

  Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) deletions are associated with mitochondrial disease, and also accumulate during normal human ageing. The mechanisms underlying mtDNA deletions remain unknown although several models have been proposed. Here we use deep sequencing to characterize abundant mtDNA deletions in patients with mutations in POLG, the gene encoding mitochondrial DNA polymerase, and show that these have distinct directionality and repeat characteristics. Furthermore, we recreate the deletion formation process in vitro using only purified mitochondrial proteins and defined DNA templates. Based on our in vivo and in vitro findings, we conclude that mtDNA deletion formation involves copy-choice recombination during replication of the mtDNA light strand.

  Study EGAS00001003148

• ISCAPE V(D)J libraries from HA-specific single memory B cells and personalized IGM, IGK, IGL V(D)J repertoire sequencing of four Influenza A exposed individuals

  Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were used to produce paired, full-length IGM, IGK and IGL V(D)J libraries from HA-binding single memory B cells using the ISCAPE (Individualized Single Cell Analysis of Paired Expressed antigen receptors) technique. Locus-specific multiplexed nested PCR with 5’ leader IGHV/IGKV/IGLV and 3’ constant IGG/IGK/IGL primer mixtures was performed before well and plate indexing and paired chain sequencing with an Illumina MiSeq instrument. Expressed total IGM, IGK and IGL V(D)J libraries from each donor were generated to define personalized IG allele content.

  Study EGAS50000001390

• North American Brain Expression Consortium (NABEC) Exome Sequencing

  A fundamental challenge in the post-genome era is to understand and annotate the consequences of genetic variation, particularly within the context of human tissues. We describe a set of integrated experiments designed to investigate the effects of common genetic variability on mRNA expression distinct human brain regions. We show that brain tissues may be readily distinguished based on expression profile. We find an abundance of genetic cis regulation mRNA expression. We observe that the largest magnitude effects occur across distinct brain regions. We believe these data, which we have made publicly available, will be useful in understanding the biological effects of genetic variation.

  Study EGAS00001002110

• Identification of cis-regulatory mutations generating de novo edges in personalized cancer gene regulatory networks

  The identification of functional non-coding mutations is a key challenge in the field of genomics. Here we introduce μ-cisTarget to filter, annotate and prioritize cis-regulatory mutations based on their putative effect on the underlying ‘personal’ gene regulatory network. We validated μ-cisTarget by re-analyzing the TAL1 and LMO1 enhancer mutations in T-ALL, and the TERT promoter mutation in melanoma. Next, we re-sequenced the full genome of ten cancer cell lines and used matched transcriptome data and motif discovery to identify master regulators with de novo binding sites that result in the up-regulation of nearby oncogenic drivers.

  Study EGAS00001002571

• Genomic analysis Nasopharyngeal cancer through whole exome sequencing and whole genomic sequencing.

  Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a squamous-cell carcinoma and has remarkable ethnic and geographic distribution, with a high prevalence in southern China, southeast Asia, northern Africa and Alaska. Although there are previous studies implicated NF-κB pathway play an important role in NPC. Newer research also found several important cellular processes and pathways in NPC, including chromatin modification, ERBB-PI3K signaling and autophagy machinery. Put these studies together, although, NPC is still poorly understood at the genetic level. Here we determined the mutational landscape of 553 cases with NPC using whole-genomic and whole-exome sequencing. These approaches revealed a distinct mutational signature and significantly mutated genes.

  Study EGAS00001002788