3453 results for "*geneti*"

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• PGRN-RIKEN: Genetic Determinants of Clinical Cardiovascular Events in Patients Receiving Statins

  Coronary heart disease (CHD) is an important public health problem in developed countries. Statins are effective in the prevention and treatment of CHD; nevertheless, many patients receiving statins still suffer cardiovascular events (CV) such as heart attack. Identifying genetic variants responsible for differential clinical responses to statins will not only allow individual patients at high residual risk to be targeted for additional therapies, but also will define new biologic pathways contributing to statin response, and thus new targets for future therapies. Accordingly, the goal of this study is to identify genetic variants associated with clinical CV in patients receiving statins. Subjects identified for study are of European descent and include 1718 subjects with CV while on statins (cases) and 4172 subjects without CV while on statins (controls). Key research resources utilized in this effort include VanderbiltD's BioVU DNA databank and associated Synthetic Derivative database of clinical information, and software tools developed to identify drugs and clinical events using Electronic Health Record-derived structured and unstructured ("free text") data. Most cases and controls identified include three data types: ICD-9 codes, medication regimens, and medical test results. Genotyping, using IlluminaD's Infinium HumanOmniExpressExome BeadChip (OmniExpressExome), was performed by the RIKEN Integrative Medical Sciences Center (IMS) and supported by the Pharmacogenomics Research Network (PGRN)-RIKEN IMS Global Alliance.

  Study phs000963

• CCG Multicentric Italian Lung Detection (MILD)

  For the CCG-MILD project, NCI will utilize whole genome sequencing and/or whole exome sequencing in conjunction with transcriptome sequencing to try to identify recurrent genetic alterations (mutations, deletions, amplifications, rearrangements) and/or gene expression signatures that would be important to the hypothesis(es) submitted by the investigators. The samples will be processed and submitted for genomic characterization using the established NCI Genome Characterization Pipeline. Subsequent genomic and clinical data will be hosted at the NCI Genomic Data Commons (GDC).

  Study phs002253

• A Genome-Wide Association Study of Lung Cancer Risk

  Three genetic loci for lung cancer risk have been identified by genome-wide association studies (GWAS), but inherited susceptibility to specific histologic types of lung cancer is not well established. We conducted a GWAS of lung cancer and its major histologic types genotyping 515,922 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 5,739 incident lung cancer cases and 5,848 controls from one population-based case-control study and three cohort studies. Results were combined with summary data from 10 additional studies for a total of 13,300 cases and 19,666 controls of European descent. Four studies also provided histology data for replication resulting in 3,333 adenocarcinomas (AD), 2,589 squamous cell carcinomas (SQ), and 1,418 small cell carcinomas (SC). In analyses by histology, rs2736100 (TERT) on chromosome 5p15.33, was associated with risk of adenocarcinoma (OR=1.23, 95%CI=1.13-1.33, P=3.02x10-7), but not other histologic types (OR=1.01, P=0.84, and OR=1.00, P=0.93, for SQ and SC, respectively). This finding was confirmed in each replication study and overall meta-analysis (OR=1.24, 95%CI=1.17-1.31, P=3.74x10-14 for AD and OR=0.99, P=0.69 and OR=0.97, P=0.48, for SQ and SC, respectively). Other previously reported association signals on 15q25 and 6p21 were also refined, but no additional loci reached genome-wide significance. In conclusion, a lung cancer GWAS identified a distinct hereditary contribution to adenocarcinoma. Note: The lung study dataset to be released to dbGaP and caBIG excludes 47 individuals from the PLCO cohort who consented to participate only in cancer research projects and 22 individuals because of updated QC. Thus, the released dataset is derived from 11517 subjects, 5699 cases and 5818 controls. After the updated QC, the dataset to be released to dbGaP and caBIG includes 506062 SNPs.

  Study phs000336

• Single Cell Colony Whole Genome Sequencing Data From Individuals With Telomere Syndromes

  This is an observational study which examined the phylogenetic evolution of somatic clonal mutations in POT1 mutation carriers. Two individuals with telomere syndromes who carry a heterozygous germline POT1 p.R273Q variant and one related control who did not carry this variant were studied. Single cell hematopoietic colonies were derived from peripheral blood mononuclear isolates. These colonies were analyzed by whole genome sequencing (WGS) and phylogenetic trees were reconstructed accordingly. Phylogenetic reconstruction of somatic mutations show clonality is increased among POT1 p.R273Q mutation carriers and co-occurs with known clonal hematopoiesis driver mutations, including DNMT3A and/or JAK2.

  Study phs003207

• Human Liver Cohort (HLC)

  The Human Liver Cohort (HLC) study aimed to characterize the genetic architecture of gene expression in human liver using genotyping, gene expression profiling, and enzyme activity measurements of Cytochrom P450. The HLC was assembled from a total of 780 liver samples screened. DNA samples were genotyped on the Affymetrix 500K SNP and Illumina 650Y SNP genotyping arrays. Only data from those samples which were collected postmortem are accessible through this submission. These 228 samples represent a subset of the 427 samples included in the Human Liver Cohort Publication (Schadt, Molony et al. 2008, PMID: 18462017). RNA samples were profiled on a custom Agilent 44,000 feature microarray composed of 39,280 oligonucleotide probes targeting transcripts representing 34,266 known and predicted genes, including high-confidence, noncoding RNA sequences. Gene Expression data for the samples from which it could be obtained is available in GEO under accession number GSE9588. Results and networks will be made available for download from Sage Bionetworks.

  Study phs000253

• Genetic Analysis of Substance Use Disorder Using the Indiana Biobank Data

  The goal of this study is to identify genes related to substance use disorders. The study participants were selected from the Indiana Biobank. The Indiana Biobank provides centralized processing and storage of specimens that are linked to participants' electronic medical information. Cases were defined as having any type of substance use disorders by using ICD9/10 codes, including alcohol, cannabis, cocaine, opioid, nicotine, and other substances. Controls were defined as not having any type of substance use disorders. The Indiana Biobank is part of the Indiana Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute (CTSI), a state-wide research partnership among Indiana University, Purdue University, and the University of Notre Dame.

  Study phs003025

• DCCT/EDIC Epigenetics (DNA Methylation) Study

  Metabolic memory (persistent benefits of early glycemic control on preventing/delaying diabetic complications development) was observed in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) and follow-up Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications (EDIC) study, dbGaP phs000086.v3.p1, but mechanisms are unclear. We investigated the involvement of epigenetic DNA methylation (DNAme) by examining its associations with preceding glycemic history, and subsequent complications development over 18 years in blood DNAs of 499 randomly-selected DCCT/EDIC participants with type 1 diabetes. We found associations between DNAme near DCCT-closeout and mean-DCCT-HbA1c at 186 CpGs (FDR<15%, including 43 at FDR<5%), many located in complications-related genes. These CpGs are enriched in C/EBP motifs, enhancer/transcription regions in blood cells/progenitors, and open chromatin-states in myeloid cells. Remarkably, several CpGs in combination explain 68-97% of the mean-DCCT-HbA1c risk of complications development during EDIC. DNAme at key CpGs appears to mediate the association between hyperglycemia and complications in metabolic memory, through modifying myeloid cell enhancer activity.

  Study phs002024

• Population Genetics Analysis Program: Immunity to Vaccines/Infections - Smallpox Vaccination (NIAID/NIH)

  The study examines the role of candidate human immune response gene polymorphisms (and their receptors, expression and function) and variations in immune response, among 1,000 active duty members of the military who were recently vaccinated with ACAM2000 or Dryvax Smallpox vaccine. In addition to the phenotype and genotype data available through dbGaP, extensive clinical data are available through NIAID's ImmPort data portal; information to map the the data available in dbGaP to the data available in ImmPort is provided in the dataset pht005302.v1.p1 of the current study, dbGaP phs001057.v1.p1.

  Study phs001057

• Characterization of Structural Variants in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients

  Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common form of acute leukemia in adults and is expected to increase in frequency as the population ages. Most subtypes of AML are difficult to treat, in part due to a lack of understanding of possible molecular targets. Furthermore, the peak incidence of AML is in the sixth decade, and patients over the age of 65 do not tolerate chemotherapeutic regimens well. Moreover, AML has been highly studied as a model for other cancers. An RNA Biology Program is established aiming to develop comprehensive datasets through the profiling of all different classes of RNA expression, RNA editing, alternative splicing, and non-coding RNAs in CD34+ normal hematopoietic stem cells (HSC), their differentiated progeny, and AML clinical samples that could be utilized to understand leukemia. These datasets will allow us to computationally identify and characterize various RNA species and processes to enable the development of effective therapeutics to AML, leukemia and other types of cancers. Epigenetic factors such as methylation and histone modifications will also be characterized from these clinical samples allowing for integrated dataset analysis to look at the cross-talk between RNA and DNA/epigenomics in leukemia. The following is a subsidiary study of the above study description where whole genome sequencing was performed on two collected AML patients' samples using Illumina and Oxford Nanopore sequencing technologies. The aim is to characterize the roles of structural variants (SV) in RNA biology which are potentially important for AML development using our own established long-read SV characterization tool, NanoVar. The advent of Oxford Nanopore sequencing technologies has opened a new avenue for better SV characterization by having longer sequencing reads. NanoVar is an accurate and rapid SV characterization tool that utilizes low-depth Nanopore sequencing data. NanoVar makes use of split-reads and hard-clipped reads for SV discovery and employs a simulation-trained neural network classifier for true positive enrichment. NanoVar exhibited higher accuracy and faster computational speed amongst other long-read SV detection tools in simulated data. In AML patient data, NanoVar displayed excellent accuracy in SV characterization (16/16 SVs validated in two patients) by using only 4x depth sequencing data. In summary, NanoVar improves the accuracy and speed of SV characterization at a lower sequencing cost, an approach compatible with clinical studies.

  Study phs001847

• Autism Sequencing Consortium (ASC)

  The ARRA Autism Sequencing Collaboration was created in 2010 bringing together expert large-scale sequencing center (at the Baylor College of Medicine, PI Richard Gibbs and the Board Institute of MIT and Harvard, PI Mark J. Daly) and a collaborative network of research labs focused on the genetics of autism (brought together by the Autism Genome Project and the Autism Consortium). These groups worked together to utilize dramatic new advances in DNA sequencing technology to reveal the genetic architecture of autism through comprehensive examination of the exotic sequence of all genes. The Autism Sequencing Consortium (ASC) was founded by Joseph D. Buxbaum and colleagues as an international group of scientists who share autism spectrum disorder (ASD) samples and genetic data. The PIs are Drs. Joseph D. Buxbaum (Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai), Mark J. Daly (Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard), Bernie Devlin (University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine), Kathryn Roeder (Carnegie Mellon University, Matthew State and Stephan Sanders (University of California, San Francisco). The rationale for the ASC is described in Buxbaum et al. 2012, and this paper should be cited when referencing the data set. All shared data and analysis is hosted at a single site, which enables joint analysis of large-scale data from many groups. The ASC was first supported by a cooperative agreement grant to four lead sites funded by the National Institute of Mental Health (U01MH100233, U01MH100209, U01MH100229, U01MH100239), with additional support from the National Human Genome Research Institute. The NIMH recently renewed their support with a second grant (U01MH111661, U01MH111660, U01MH111658 and U01MH111662) to expand the project from 29,000 genomes to more than 50,000 exomes over the next 5 years. NHGRI provides ongoing sequencing support for the ASD through the Broad Center for Common Disease Genomics (UM1HG008895, Mark Daly, PI).

  Study phs000298