16512 results for "Cheap fc 26 coins Buyfc26coins.com is EA Sports official for FC 26 coins Easy process to get fast coins..JPBo"

in 25.20 milliseconds.

• Long-Term Oxygen Treatment Trial (LOTT-BioLINCC)

  Data Access NOTE: Please refer to the “Authorized Access” section below for information about how access to the data from this accession differs from many other dbGaP accessions. Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy of long-term treatment with supplemental oxygen in people with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and resting or exercise-induced moderate desaturation. Background: COPD is the fourth leading cause of death in the United States, with more than twelve million people currently diagnosed with the disease. In 2011, Medicare reimbursements for oxygen-related costs for people with COPD exceeded two billion dollars. The quality of life of a person with COPD decreases as the disease progresses, making treating and managing COPD in the moderate stages important. The benefits of oxygen supplementation were studied in the 1970s, but these benefits were specific to people with COPD who have severe resting hypoxemia. The LOTT trial was designed to address the effectiveness of supplemental oxygen therapy in treating people with COPD who have moderately low blood oxygen levels at rest or who have normal blood oxygen levels at rest, but have low or very low blood oxygen levels during exercise. Participants: There were a total of 1759 people screened for eligibility for the LOTT trial. Of the 1759 screened, 738 people with COPD were selected for randomization with 368 randomly assigned to the supplemental-oxygen group and 370 to the no-supplemental-oxygen group. Of the 738 people with COPD who underwent randomization, 133 (18%) had resting desaturation only, 319 (43%) had exercise-induced desaturation only, and 286 (39%) had both types of desaturation. Furthermore, in the supplemental-oxygen group, 220 people were prescribed 24-hour oxygen and 148 were prescribed oxygen during exercise and sleep only. Design: The LOTT trial was originally designed to test whether the use of supplemental oxygen would result in a longer time to death for people with COPD and moderate resting desaturation. After seven months, the trial design was judged to be infeasible; therefore, the trial was redesigned to include people with exercise-induced desaturation with a primary composite outcome of death or first hospitalization for any cause, whichever occurs first. Other outcomes measured included: death, health care utilization, COPD exacerbation, quality of life measurements, anxiety, depression, and measures of functional status. Potential participants were screened using questionnaires, a breathing test, a brief physical exam, a blood draw, and measurements of resting and walking blood oxygen levels. Based on those results, eligible participants returned for a second screening visit for further evaluations. At the end of the second visit, eligible participants were assigned randomly to supplemental oxygen therapy or no oxygen therapy. Participants assigned to supplemental oxygen therapy received stationary and/or portable oxygen systems. Participants were required to return for a one hour visit to determine how much oxygen to use while walking and to learn how to use the equipment. Participants who had low blood oxygen levels during rest were instructed to use supplemental oxygen 24 hours per day. Participants with normal resting blood oxygen levels, but low or very low blood oxygen levels during exercise were instructed to use it during physical activity and sleep. Throughout the treatment period, participants were asked to keep records of the number of oxygen tanks emptied or pounds of oxygen delivered, meter readings, and changes in equipment. Study officials contacted participants weekly for the first month, monthly for the next five months, and then every two months until the Year 1 study visit. Participants assigned to receive no oxygen treatment were contacted one week after assignment for a check-up. All participants returned for study visits once a year for up to seven years. At each of these visits, participants completed some of the same tests and questionnaires from the screening visit. Participants underwent a blood draw during the one year study visit. Participants in both treatment groups received two phone calls each year to check on status and use of oxygen. In addition, participants in both groups were asked to complete a quality of life questionnaire by mail at four months and sixteen months. Medicare claims were collected for the duration of each participant's enrollment in the study. Conclusions: In participants with stable COPD and resting or exercise-induced moderate desaturation, the prescription of long-term supplemental oxygen did not result in a longer time to death or first hospitalization than no long-term supplemental oxygen, nor did it provide sustained benefit with regard to any of the other measured outcomes. Long-Term Oxygen Treatment Trial Research Group, Albert RK, Au DH, Blackford AL, Casaburi R, Cooper JA Jr, Criner GJ, Diaz P, Fuhlbrigge AL, Gay SE, Kanner RE, MacIntyre N, Martinez FJ, Panos RJ, Piantadosi S, Sciurba F, Shade D, Stibolt T, Stoller JK, Wise R, Yusen RD, Tonascia J, Sternberg AL, Bailey W. A Randomized Trial of Long-Term Oxygen for COPD with Moderate Desaturation. N Engl J Med. 2016 Oct 27;375(17):1617-1627.

  Study phs003933

• The clinicopathologic spectrum and genomic landscape of de-/trans-differentiated melanoma

  De- and trans-differentiation is a rare and only poorly understood phenomenon in cutaneous melanoma. To study this disease more comprehensively we have retrieved 11 primary cutaneous melanomas from our pathology archives showing biphasic features characterized by a conventional melanoma and additional areas of de-/trans-differentiation as defined by a lack of immunohistochemical expression of all conventional melanocytic markers (S-100 protein, SOX10, Melan-A and HMB-45). The clinical, histologic and immunohistochemical findings were recorded and follow-up was obtained. The patients were mostly elderly (median: 81 years; range: 42-86 years) without significant gender predilection, and the sun-exposed skin of the head and neck area was most commonly affected. The tumors were deeply invasive with a mean tumor thickness of 7 mm (range: 4-80 mm). The dedifferentiated component showed atypical fibroxanthoma-like features in the majority (7), while additional rhabdomyosarcomatous and epithelial transdifferentiation was noted histologically and/or immunohistochemically in two tumors each. The background conventional melanoma component was of desmoplastic (4), superficial spreading (3), nodular (2), lentigo maligna (1) or spindle cell (1) types. For the 7 patients with available follow-up data (median follow-up period of 25 months; range: 8-36 months), 2 died from their disease and 3 developed metastases. Next-generation sequencing of the cohort revealed somatic mutation of established melanoma drivers including mainly NF1 mutations in the conventional component (5 cases), which were also detected in the corresponding de-/trans-differentiated components. In summary, the diagnosis of de-/trans-differentiated melanoma is challenging and depends on the morphologic identification of the conventional melanoma component. Molecular analysis is diagnostically helpful as the mutated gene profile is shared between the conventional and de-/trans-differentiated components. Importantly, de-/trans-differentiation does not appear to confer a more aggressive behavior.

  Dataset EGAD00001007033

• The clinicopathologic spectrum and genomic landscape of de-/trans-differentiated melanoma

  De- and trans-differentiation is a rare and only poorly understood phenomenon in cutaneous melanoma. To study this disease more comprehensively we have retrieved 11 primary cutaneous melanomas from our pathology archives showing biphasic features characterized by a conventional melanoma and additional areas of de-/trans-differentiation as defined by a lack of immunohistochemical expression of all conventional melanocytic markers (S-100 protein, SOX10, Melan-A and HMB-45). The clinical, histologic and immunohistochemical findings were recorded and follow-up was obtained. The patients were mostly elderly (median: 81 years; range: 42-86 years) without significant gender predilection, and the sun-exposed skin of the head and neck area was most commonly affected. The tumors were deeply invasive with a mean tumor thickness of 7 mm (range: 4-80 mm). The dedifferentiated component showed atypical fibroxanthoma-like features in the majority (7), while additional rhabdomyosarcomatous and epithelial transdifferentiation was noted histologically and/or immunohistochemically in two tumors each. The background conventional melanoma component was of desmoplastic (4), superficial spreading (3), nodular (2), lentigo maligna (1) or spindle cell (1) types. For the 7 patients with available follow-up data (median follow-up period of 25 months; range: 8-36 months), 2 died from their disease and 3 developed metastases. Next-generation sequencing of the cohort revealed somatic mutation of established melanoma drivers including mainly NF1 mutations in the conventional component (5 cases), which were also detected in the corresponding de-/trans-differentiated components. In summary, the diagnosis of de-/trans-differentiated melanoma is challenging and depends on the morphologic identification of the conventional melanoma component. Molecular analysis is diagnostically helpful as the mutated gene profile is shared between the conventional and de-/trans-differentiated components. Importantly, de-/trans-differentiation does not appear to confer a more aggressive behavior.

  Dataset EGAD00001007034

• Immune induction strategies to enhance the sensitivity to PD-1 blockade in metastatic triple negative breast cancer: the TONIC-trial

  The response rate in metastatic triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) to PD-1 blockade is low, highlighting an urgent clinical need for strategies that render the TNBC tumor microenvironment (TME) more sensitive to PD-1 blockade. Immunomodulatory mechanisms have been proposed for both chemotherapy and irradiation, but it has not been established whether these therapies may improve efficacy of PD-1 blockade by favorably changing the TME. In the first stage of this adaptive, non-comparative phase II trial (TONIC-trial; NCT02499367), 67 patients with metastatic TNBC were randomized to nivolumab without induction or to one of four induction treatments, consisting of irradiation of one metastatic lesion (3x8 Gy) or a two- week low-dose regimen of cyclophosphamide, cisplatin or doxorubicin, all followed by nivolumab. In the overall cohort of 66 evaluable patients, the objective response rate (ORR; iRECIST16) was 20% (95% CI: 11%-31%), with two complete responses and 11 partial responses. The majority of clinical responses were observed on nivolumab in the cisplatin (ORR 23%; 3/13) and doxorubicin (ORR 35%; 6/17) cohorts. After doxorubicin and cisplatin induction, we detected an upregulation of immune-related genes, involved in PD-1/PD-L1, and T-cell cytotoxicity pathways. This was further supported by enrichment among upregulated genes related to inflammation, JAK-STAT and TNFα-signaling after doxorubicin. In addition, we observed a trend towards increased T-cell infiltration, measured using T-cell receptor (TCR) sequencing, after doxorubicin. Together, the clinical and translational data of this study testing different immune induction strategies prior to nivolumab suggest that short-term doxorubicin and cisplatin may induce a more favorable TME and increase the likelihood of response to PD-1 blockade in TNBC. These data warrant further confirmation in TNBC and exploration of induction treatments prior to PD-1 blockade in other cancer types.

  Study EGAS00001003535

• Bulk-RNA Sequencing of high-grade pancreatic and non-pancreatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms

  Therapeutic decisions in oncology depend on a precise pathological classification of individual neoplasms. Recent years have seen an intensification of research activities aimed at the extraction of clinically relevant information from patient-derived 'omics' data based on Machine-Learning models. However, a comprehensive training of Machine-Learning models requires sufficiently large numbers of training samples, which are usually not available for rare cancer types. The problem is worsened when individual tissues segregate into different cancer subtypes, as their discrimination would require even more training samples. Methods: Here, we report on a new data-augmentation technique to support the training of Machine-Learning models on ‘omics’ data from pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (panNEN). PanNENs display all properties described above: Only about 2-3% of all pancreatic neoplasms are neuroendocrine and they fall into different subtypes with distinctly different prognosis, which makes the precise classification of such samples both difficult and important for therapy decisions. The approach reconstructs a given transcriptome based on healthy pancreatic cell type signatures and creates a Machine-Learning model that integrates the observed reconstruction error and predicted cell type proportions as features. Results: A benchmark of the deconvolution model predictions with the ground-truth found that the model could efficiently predict the sample grading, disease-related patient survival time, and differentiate between different subtypes in four panNEN and one mixed panNEN and non-pancreatic NENs dataset. We compared the predictive performance of the deconvolution-trained model to that of a model trained directly on the transcriptomic data, under inclusion of the Ki-67 classification gold standard biomarker, and found the performances to be comparable. Conclusion: Our approach serves as a data-augmentation technique to facilitate the training of Machine Learning models for rare cancer types via utilization of data from healthy origin. Additionally, the deconvolution results were clinically interpretable and further research can render the deconvolution approach an effective complementary asset for the clinical classification of neoplasms.

  Study EGAS00001004861

• The acute effects of morning bright light on the human white adipose tissue transcriptome: exploratory post hoc analysis

  The circadian rhythm of the central brain clock in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is synchronized by light. White adipose tissue (WAT) is one of the metabolic endocrine organs containing a molecular clock, and it is synchronized by the SCN; excess WAT is a risk factor for health issues including type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). We hypothesized that bright-light exposure would affect the human WAT transcriptome. Therefore, we analyzed WAT biopsies from two previously performed randomized cross-over trials (trial 1: lean healthy men, and trial 2: men with obesity and DM2). RNA sequencing results showed major group differences between men with obesity and DM2 and lean healthy men, as well as a differential effect of bright light exposure.

  Study EGAS50000001206

• San Francisco Bay Area Latina Breast Cancer Study

  The genome-wide association study (GWAS) includes participants enrolled into two different studies. The first study, the San Francisco Bay Area Cancer Study (SFBCS) is a population-based case-control study of breast cancer conducted in the San Francisco Bay Area and included women ages 35-79 years from three racial/ethnic groups: Non-Hispanic whites, African Americans, and Hispanics/Latinas. For the GWAS, only Hispanic/Latina women were included. Women diagnosed with invasive breast cancer between 1995 and 2002 were identified through the Greater Bay Area Cancer Registry. Controls were identified by random digit dialing and were frequency-matched to cases by age in 5 year increments and by race/ethnicity. Hispanic/Latina ethnicity was assessed by self-report. 175 Hispanic/Latina cases and 307 Hispanic/Latina controls from the SFBCS had given adequate consent and provided biospecimens that were used in the GWAS to be included in this data submission. The second study is the Northern California site of the Breast Cancer Family Registry (NC-BCFR). This population-based family study recruited breast cancer cases ages 18-64 years diagnosed from 1995-2009 that were identified through the Greater Bay Area Cancer Registry. Cases included all women at increased genetic susceptibility for breast cancer who met one or more of the following criteria: (a) being diagnosed with breast cancer at age <35 years; b) having a personal history of ovarian cancer or childhood cancer; (c) being diagnosed with two different breast cancers (bilateral breast cancers), with the first one diagnosed at age <50 years; and d) having one or more first-degree relatives with breast cancer, ovarian cancer or childhood cancer. Cases not meeting these criteria were randomly sampled and racial/ethnic minorities were oversampled. Controls were recruited by random digit dialing and were matched by 5-year age increments and by race/ethnicity. For the current GWAS only Latina/Hispanic cases and controls were included. Latina/Hispanic ethnicity was assessed by self-report. 631 Hispanic/Latina cases and 61 Hispanic/Latina controls from the NC-BCFR had given adequate consent and provided biospecimens that were used in the GWAS to be included in this data submission.

  Study phs000912

• The Mood and Methylation Study (MMS)

  The Mood Methylation Study (MMS) is an observational study designed to understand epigenetic mechanisms underlying major depression symptoms (MDD) using a co-twin control design. Twins enrolled in the MMS were monozygotic (MZ) twin pairs discordant on lifetime history of MDD. All twins were members of the Washington State Twin Registry (WSTR), a community-based twin registry consisting of over 10,000 twin pairs. Lifetime and current MDD diagnoses were determined using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Research Version (SCID-4-RV). DNA methylation in blood monocytes was measured using the Infinium HumanMethylationEPIC BeadChip. Monocyte gene expression was quantified by paired end RNA-seq (50 PE). Zygosity of the twin pairs included in the MMS was self-reported and confirmed using the polymorphic SNPs included in the DNA methylation array.

  Study phs002858

• Phase Ib of olaparib and capivasertib

  Background: Combining poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) with phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) pathway inhibitors is supported by strong preclinical rationale. We sought to assess safety and a recommended phase 2 dose (RP2D) for the PARPi olaparib combined with the AKT inhibitor, capivasertib, and evaluate molecular markers of response and resistance. Methods: As part of a larger phase 1b trial, we performed a safety lead in of olaparib and capivasertib followed by expansion (n=24) in endometrial, triple negative breast, ovarian, fallopian tube, or peritoneal cancer. Olaparib 300mg orally twice daily and capivasertib orally twice daily on a 4 day on/3 day off schedule were evaluated. Two dose levels (DL) were planned: capivasertib 400mg (DL1); capivasertib 320mg (DL-1). Patients underwent biopsies at baseline and after 28 days.

  Study EGAS00001004930

• RNA-seq of Glioblastoma stem cells

  Chromatin accessibility discriminates stem from mature cell populations, enabling the identification of primitive stem-like cells in primary tumors, such as Glioblastoma (GBM) where self-renewing cells driving cancer progression and recurrence are prime targets for therapeutic intervention. We show, using single-cell chromatin accessibility, that primary GBMs harbor a heterogeneous self-renewing population whose diversity is captured in patient-derived glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs). In depth characterization of chromatin accessibility in GSCs identifies three GSC states: Reactive, Constructive, and Invasive, each governed by uniquely essential transcription factors and present within GBMs in varying proportions. Orthotopic xenografts reveal that GSC states associate with survival, and identify an invasive GSC signature predictive of low patient survival. Our chromatin-driven characterization of GSC states improves prognostic precision and identifies dependencies to guide combination therapies.

  Study EGAS00001003070

• Mutations in the SIX1/2 pathway and the DROSHA/DGCR8 miRNA microprocessor complex underlie high-risk blastemal type Wilms tumors

  Blastemal histology in chemotherapy-treated pediatric Wilms tumors (nephroblastoma) is associated with adverse prognosis. In order to find novel therapeutic leads for this subgroup of patients, we analyzed 58 such Wilms tumors by exome and transcriptome analysis and validated our findings in larger independent cohorts. Recurrent mutations identified either somatically or in the germline included a hotspot mutation (Q177R) in the homeodomain of SIX1 and SIX2 in tumors with high proliferative potential, mutations in microprocessor genes like DROSHA, DGCR8, DICER1 and DIS3L2, and alterations in IGF2, MYCN, and TP53, the latter being strongly associated with dismal outcome. DROSHA and DGCR8 mutations had a strong effect on miRNA profiles in tumors, which we confirmed in cell lines transfected with mutant DROSHA.

  Study EGAS00001000906

• Transcriptomic profiling of circulating regulatory T cells from follicular lymphoma patients before and after Lenalidomide treatment

  Lenalidomide has demonstrated a favorable efficacy profile in follicular lymphoma (FL) in combination with anti-CD20 antibodies. However, in vivo administration of Lenalidomide in FL patients triggers a proliferation of functional regulatory T cells (Tregs), and a high percentage of Tregs before and along the course of treatment with Lenalidomide/anti-CD20 combination is of poor prognosis. In this study, we evaluated the impact of Lenalidomide on circulating Treg in 3 FL patients using single cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq). For this purpose, we took advantage of the GALEN clinical trial (NCT01582776), where Lenalidomide was initiated one week before starting the anti-CD20 antibody Obinutuzumab, allowing us to compare the transcriptomic profile of immune cells before (D0) and at day 7 (D7) of treatment by Lenalidomide alone.

  Study EGAS50000001048

• NHLBI Cleveland Family Study (CFS) Candidate Gene Association Resource (CARe)

  The Cleveland Family Study is the largest family-based study of sleep apnea world-wide, consisting of 2284 individuals (46% African American) from 361 families studied on up to 4 occasions over a period of 16 years. The study was begun in 1990 with the initial aims of quantifying the familial aggregation of sleep apnea. NIH renewals provided expansion of the original cohort (including increased minority recruitment) and longitudinal follow-up, with the last exam occurring in February 2006. Index probands (n=275) were recruited from 3 area hospital sleep labs if they had a confirmed diagnosis of sleep apnea and at least 2 first-degree relatives available to be studied. In the first 5 years of the study, neighborhood control probands (n=87) with at least 2 living relatives available for study were selected at random from a list provided by the index family and also studied. All available first degree relatives and spouses of the case and control probands also were recruited. Second-degree relatives, including half-sibs, aunts, uncles and grandparents, were also included if they lived near the first degree relatives (cases or controls), or if the family had been found to have two or more relatives with sleep apnea. Blood was sampled and DNA isolated for participants seen in the last two exam cycles (n=1447). The sample, which is enriched with individuals with sleep apnea, also contains a high prevalence of individuals with sleep apnea-related traits, including: obesity, impaired glucose tolerance, and HTN. Phenotyping data have been collected over 4 exam cycles, each occurring ~every 4 years. The last three exams targeted all subjects who had been studied at earlier exams, as well as new minority families and family members of previously studied probands who had been unavailable at prior exams. Data from one, two, three and four visits are available for 412, 630, 329 and 67, participants, respectively. In the first 3 exams, participants underwent overnight in-home sleep studies, allowing determination of the number and duration of hypopneas and apneas, sleep period, heart rate, and oxygen saturation levels; anthropometry (weight, height, and waist, hip, and neck circumferences); resting blood pressure; spirometry; standardized questionnaire evaluation of symptoms, medications, sleep patterns, quality of life, daytime sleepiness measures and health history; venipuncture and measurement of total and HDL cholesterol. The 4th exam (2001-2006) was designed to collect more detailed measurements of sleep, metabolic and CVD phenotypes and included measurement of state-of-the-art polysomnography, with both collection of blood and measurement of blood pressure before and after sleep, and anthropometry, upper airway assessments, spirometry, exhaled nitric oxide, and ECG performed the morning after the sleep study. Data have been collected by trained research assistants or GCRC nurses following written Manuals of Procedures who were certified following standard approaches for each study procedure. Ongoing data quality, with assessment of within or between individual drift, has been monitored on an ongoing basis, using statistical techniques as well as regular re-certification procedures. Between and within scorer reliabilities for key sleep apnea indices have been excellent, with intra-class correlation coefficients (ICCs) exceeding 0.92 for the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI). Sleep staging, assessed with epoch specific comparisons, also demonstrate excellent reliability for stage identification (kappas>0.82). There has been no evidence of significant time trends-between or within scorers- for the AHI variables. We also have evaluated the night-to-night variability of the AHI and other sleep variables in 91 subjects, with each measurement made 1-3 months apart. There is high night to night consistency for the AHI (ICC: 0.80), the arousal index (0.76), and the % sleep time in slow-wave sleep (0.73). We have demonstrated the comparability of the apnea estimates (AHI) determined from limited channel studies obtained at in-home settings with in full in-laboratory polysomnography. In addition to our published validation study, we more recently compared the AHI in 169 Cleveland Family Study participants undergoing both assessments (in-home and in-laboratory) within one week apart. These showed excellent levels of agreement (ICC=0.83), demonstrating the feasibility of examining data from either in-home or in-laboratory studies for apnea phenotyping. Data collected in the GCRC were obtained, when possible, with comparable, if not identical techniques, as were the same measures collected at prior exams performed in the participants' homes. To address the comparability of data collected over different exams, we calculated the crude age-adjusted correlations ~3 year within individual correlations between measures made in the most recent GCRC exam with measures made in a prior exam and demonstrated excellent levels of agreement for BMI (r=.91); waist circumference (0.91); FVC (0.88); and FEV1 (0.86). As expected due to higher biological and measurement variability, 149 somewhat lower 3-year correlations were demonstrated for SBP (0.56); Diastolic BP (0.48); AHI (0.62); and nocturnal oxygen desaturation (0.60). NHLBI Candidate-gene Association Resource. The NHLBI initiated the Candidate gene Association Resource (CARe) to create a shared genotype/phenotype resource for analyses of the association of genotypes with phenotypes relevant to the mission of the NHLBI. The resource comprises nine cohort studies funded by the NHLBI: Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC), Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS), Cleveland Family Study (CFS), Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA), Cooperative Study of Sickle Cell Disease (CSSCD), Framingham Heart Study (FHS), Jackson Heart Study (JHS), Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA), and the Sleep Heart Health Study (SHHS). A database of genotype and phenotype data will be created that includes records for approximately 50,000 study participants with approximately 50,000 SNPs from more than 1,200 selected candidate genes. In addition, a genome wide association study using a 1,000K SNP Chip will be conducted on approximately 9,500 African American participants drawn from the 50,000 participants in the nine cohorts. Some relevant CARe publications CARe Study: PMID 20400780 CVD Chip Design: PMID 18974833

  Study phs000284

• Sleep Abnormalities in Rare Genetic Disorders: Angelman Syndrome, Rett Syndrome, and Prader-Willi Syndrome

  This research study will investigate sleep behavior in the rare neurological disorders Angelman Syndrome (AS), Rett Syndrome (RTT), Prader-Willi Syndrome (PWS) and Early-onset Morbid Obesity (EMO). Sleep is very important to proper health and plays a critical role in learning, memory, brain development and brain function. Sleep disturbances can have negative effects on health and the quality of life of children and their families. Sleep disorders are common in individuals with AS, RTT, PWS and EMO. As a result, individuals with AS, RTT, PWS and EMO are at risk for sleep-related health problems that can worsen existing daytime behaviors and lead to additional problems with learning and memory. The principal objectives of the study are to: Characterize sleep behavior in individuals with Angelman Syndrome, Rett Syndrome, Prader-Willi Syndrome and Early-onset Morbid Obesity. Compare sleep behavior in these individuals with sleep behavior in normal controls Assess the natural history of sleep behavior in individuals with Angelman Syndrome, Rett Syndrome, Prader-Willi Syndrome and Early-onset Morbid Obesity About this Study This is a questionnaire study that will evaluate the sleep behavior of individuals with AS, RTT or PWS (participants), or unaffected siblings of individuals with AS, RTT or PWS (controls). Those participating in the study will already be registered with the Rare Disease Clinical Research Network (RDCRN) and have a confirmed diagnosis of AS, RTT or PWS or be an unaffected sibling. We will look at the medical records on file with the RDCRN to confirm diagnosis of AS, RTT or PWS. Study participants will participate in the study at their regularly scheduled RDCRN clinic visits. Participants will be asked to complete questionnaires at the study visits that will document their sleep behaviors. The questionnaires are not difficult and participants should be able to complete them in approximately 15-30 minutes. Parents and legal guardians are allowed to assist participants or answer on their behalf. Questionnaires will be administered at the initial study visit and at a 12 month follow-up visit to document any changes in sleep behavior. We hope to enroll approximately 1400 individuals with either AS, RTT or PWS or their unaffected siblings.

  Study phs001292

• Characterization of Prostate Cancer Organoids

  Using models from the LuCaP series as well as those generated at the National Cancer Institute, we have established organoids for in vitro mechanistic testing, including drug screening and genetic manipulation. The major findings from these continuing studies is the durability of organoids for maintaining complex subpopulation and intratumoral heterogeneity and the parallels between in vitro testing and patient outcomes. Existing data from prior releases includes whole-genome sequencing, whole-exome sequencing, single-cell and bulk RNA-seq, single-cell ATAC-seq, and SNP array. New data in this release is ChIP-seq data from three models and RNA-seq data from one model.

  Study phs001587

• Single-cell transcriptomics identifies pathogenic T-helper 17.1 cells and pro-inflammatory monocytes in ICI-related pneumonitis

  ICI-pneumonitis is a frequent serious adverse event of cancer immunotherapy hinging on a cell-mediated immune response, though the exact pathophysiology is currently unknown. Using single-cell transcriptomics, an enrichment of pathogenic (TBX21, RORC, IFNG, IL17A, CSF2 expressing) T-helper 17.1 cells and pro-inflammatory (TNF, IL1B, IL6, IL23A expressing) monocytes was identified in ICI-pneumonitis bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, putatively engaging in a feedforward inflammatory loop. This finding yields several novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of ICI-pneumonitis. Most notably repurposing anti-IL-23 merits further research as a potential efficacious and safe treatment for ICI-pneumonitis.

  Study EGAS00001006762

• Immunophenotyping in a COVID-19 Cohort (IMPACC) Transcriptomics and Genotyping Assays

  IMPACC (IMmunoPhenotyping Assessment in a COVID-19 Cohort) is a prospective longitudinal cohort study (NCT04378777) launched in May 2020 in response to the worldwide pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It was funded by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) of the National Institute of Health (NIH). Patient enrollment and sample analysis involved 20 hospitals associated with 15 U.S. biomedical research centers and 11 centralized Core immunoassay laboratories.The study aimed to enable the identification of potential biomarkers and inform future therapeutic interventions using a longitudinal approach encompassing the whole disease course for a comprehensive understanding of the contributions of the pathogen and host immune response in modulating the manifestations, severity, and post-acute sequelae of the infection. IMPACC enrolled close to 1200 adult symptomatic, molecularly confirmed hospitalized COVID-19 patients in the study within 48 hours of their hospital admission. Clinical data and biological samples (blood, mid-turbinate nasal swabs, and esophageal aspirant) were collected according to minimal risk guidelines at enrollment and on days 4, 7, 14, 21, and 28. Biological samples were collected at 3-month intervals up to 12 months after hospital discharge to assess functional and immunologic recovery measures. Sample collection, processing, and storage procedures were standardized across sites, and samples were transported to centralized assay-specific core laboratories (Core Labs) in batches for testing and analysis. The description of outcome severity was not limited to survival versus death but encompassed a clinical trajectory approach using 5 groups leveraging longitudinal data based on time in the hospital, disease severity by ordinal scale based on the degree of respiratory illness, and presence or absence of limitations at discharge. Disease severity was assessed based on the degree of respiratory illness using a 7-point ordinal scale adapted from the World Health Organization COVID-19 and NIAID disease ordinal severity scales. DNA for genetic analyses was collected from whole blood at a single time point. To identify any genomic determinants of severe COVID-19 disease, single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping and exome sequencing were conducted to assess genetic variants associated with individual susceptibility to severe disease. In addition, IMPACC included bulk transcriptomic analysis of upper airway (nasal swaps) samples, lower airway (esophageal aspirant) samples, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) to evaluate dynamic changes in cellular composition and cellular response during the course of the disease. Reads were aligned to the GRCh38 human reference genome. Additional information for the IMPACC study has been submitted to The Immunology Database and Analysis Portal (ImmPort) under study accession SDY1760. Further information and requests for resources and reagents should be directed to and will be fulfilled by the Lead Contact, Dr. Steven Kleinstein (steven.kleinstein@yale.edu).

  Study phs002686

• Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) Clinical Trial

  The Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) clinical trial was a randomized, multicenter, double 2 x 2 factorial design study involving 10,251 middle-aged and older participants with type-2 diabetes who are at high risk for CVD events because of existing CVD or additional risk factors. The purpose of ACCORD was to determine if intensive glycemic control, intensive lipid management and intensive blood pressure control could prevent major cardiovascular events (myocardial infarction, stroke or cardiovascular death) in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Secondary hypotheses included treatment differences in other cardiovascular outcomes, total mortality, microvascular outcomes, health-related quality of life and cost-effectiveness. The ACCORD trial failed to show a beneficial effect of intensive blood pressure or lipid therapy on the primary outcome, and intensive glycemia management actually increased mortality. The hypothesis underlying this ancillary study is that the failure of ACCORD to achieve its goal of reducing cardiovascular risk in diabetic patients through intensive management of hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and hypertension may be the result of variation in drug response due to genetic variation between individual participants. Benefits of intensive therapy may accrue to subsets of subjects with specific genetic variants predisposing to efficacious responses to particular therapeutic regimens, and harms may accrue to those with other variants predisposing to poor efficacy or adverse events. Identifying these variants could lead to a precision medicine approach to treating diabetes where each patient's genetic profile could identify the most efficacious treatment regimen with the lowest likelihood of adverse events. To test this hypothesis, a genome-wide genetic analysis was undertaken, incorporating both common variants distributed across the genome and rare variants targeted to exonic regions. Associations of genetic variants with short term responses to individual medicines as well as long term outcomes were investigated. The dataset is composed of genetic data from the ~6100 participants who agreed to participate in the ACCORD optional genetic studies and who allowed broad investigator access to their samples and the data derived from those samples, and from whom a DNA sample of sufficient quality was obtained. While a total of 8514 participants consented to the optional genetics studies, not all consented to broad investigator access, and those who did not are not included in this dataset, although they were also genotyped. Access to these additional genotypes can only be obtained by direct collaboration with the investigators of this study. Phenotype data used in the association analyses are derived from the ACCORD public release clinical data set, which has been made available through BioLINCC.

  Study phs001411

• Gastrointestinal Cancer Treatment Responders

  Comprehensive genomic profiling of colon adenocarcinomas has revealed multiple recurrent alterations that may inform new treatment strategies. Clinical trials of these agents are ongoing, although the mechanisms of response and resistance to these agents are not well characterized. The goal of this study is to perform comprehensive profiling of pre-treatment and post-resistance tumor and germline samples obtained from patients with colon cancer who receive these agents by carrying out whole exome sequencing and RNA sequencing, and to use these data to identify mechanisms of response and resistance.

  Study phs000803

• Multivalent State Transitions Shape the Intratumoral Composition of Small Cell Lung Carcinoma

  Small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC) is an aggressive, tobacco-associated tumor characterized by rapid growth, early metastases, and initial response followed by almost invariable resistance to chemotherapy. Studies to date have not resolved the extent that diverse transcriptional programs drive SCLC and contribute to its lethality. We combined patient-derived xenograft (PDX) (n = 64) resources with multi-omic profiling, single-cell fluorescence tracking of ex vivo tumor cells, and mathematical and statistical models to study the topology of the SCLC transcriptional state space and its plasticity.

  Study phs003102

• Sequencing_probands_and_families_with_severe_insulin_resistance_syndromes

  This is an ongoing project and continuation to all the sequencing we have been doing over the last few years. We have some additional families and probands with syndromes of insulin resistance not previously sequenced within uk10k or other core funded projects. We would like to complete the sequencing in all of the good quality families and probands we have, this would require another ~50 samples to be WES sequenced. This cohort has already proven to be a rich source of interesting findings with papers in Science and Nature genetics.

  Study EGAS00001000488

• Queensland Melanoma Genomic Biomarker Study

  There is a clinical need to identify melanoma patients not likely to benefit from current targeted and immuno-therapy and identify biomarkers that can predict patient outcome. Genomic biomarkers are not yet part of staging but show promising results. The aim of this study was to determine genomic and image-based biomarkers as adverse prognostic factors in stage III/IV melanoma patients with resected disease. We found combining genomic and PET/CT derived biomarkers with current clinical assessment may offer additional prognostic tools to stratify patients in the clinic.

  Study EGAS00001004619

• Knoll et al.: The life-saving benefit of dexamethasone in severe COVID-19 is linked to a reversal of monocyte dysregulation

  Following the demonstration of its life-saving effect in clinical trials, dexamethasone quickly became standard-of-care in the treatment of severe COVID-19. Beneficial effects were reported for patients requiring supplemental oxygen or invasive mechanical ventilation. Yet, a substantial proportion of patients still progressed to a critical condition or succumbed to the disease, despite timely initiation of glucocorticoid treatment. No molecular or cellular correlate of this beneficial treatment response has been defined. Here, we identify distinct cellular and molecular changes in circulating immune cells in patients with COVID-19 elicited in response to dexamethasone treatment. The most profound transcriptional changes in response to dexamethasone treatment were noted in monocytes and in B cells. In monocytes, we observed a reversal of hallmark signatures previously associated with COVID-19 severity, and the induction of a specific monocyte substate enriched in glucocorticoid response gene expression which we here refer to as dexamethasone response cluster. Molecular responses to dexamethasone treatment were directly linked to clinical outcome, since the reversal of pathogenic signatures and induction of glucocorticoid response genes were enriched in patients who survived the disease in response to dexamethasone treatment. Cellular responsiveness of circulating monocytes was thus identified as a correlate of clinical response to dexamethasone treatment. Changes in monocyte transcriptomes could also be linked to epigenetic alterations highlighting early differences in monocytes of dexamethasone responders and non-responders. Further, monocyte single-cell transcriptome-derived signatures were enriched in whole blood transcriptomes from patients with fatal outcome in two independent cohorts, highlighting the potential clinical value for early identification of non-responders who are refractory to dexamethasone treatment. Overall, our findings indicate that the life-saving effects of dexamethasone in COVID-19 patients are linked to a specific immunomodulatory effect based on the reversion of monocyte dysregulation. Our study elucidates the potential mechanism of action of one of the most efficient and cost-effective drugs for the treatment of COVID-19. It further highlights the potential of single-cell omics for monitoring target engagement of immunomodulatory drugs and for the stratification of patients for precision medicine approaches.

  Study EGAS00001007461

• Genes for Non-Syndromic Congenital Heart Disease

  Congenital heart defects (CHDs) are the most common serious birth defect and a leading cause of infant mortality. Affected individuals who survive infancy require substantial medical care and experience lifelong morbidity and early mortality. Despite their prevalence and impact upon public health, the etiology of CHDs is poorly understood. Our long-term goal is to better define the genetic basis of CHDs and using this information, develop preventive measures and provide precise medical management based on genotype. As CHDs are a heterogeneous group of conditions, we have focused our studies on cases with conotruncal heart defects (CTDs) that comprise at least 36% of all CHDs and are a prominent feature of the 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11DS). We have conducted both SNP- and CNV-based genome-wide association studies as part of our previous and current P01 (HD070454). Our current analyses of genes and gene-sets provide new insights regarding the contribution of common and rare inherited genetic variants to CTDs. Specifically, based on the results from our studies as well as recently published findings, we hypothesize that: (1) CTDs are influenced by the full range of genetic variability (rare to common; de novo and inherited) in relevant gene-sets; (2) the number of disease-related variants within these gene-sets varies directly with CTD severity; and (3) gene-sets associated with CTDs in nonsyndromic individuals are also associated with CTDs in individuals with the 22q11DS. To augment our existing cohorts and thus substantially improve the statistical power of our proposed analyses, application was made to complete array genotyping of a set of patients with CTDs and in particular, those with mild disease represented by isolated aortic arch anomalies. The new cases with CTD and some with an isolated aortic arch anomaly were ascertained at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) while some of the cases with isolated aortic arch anomalies were ascertained by the Pediatric Cardiac Genomics Consortium (PCGC). A small group of cases with left-sided obstructive lesions from CHOP were included to combine with our existing datasets to serve as a comparison to those with CTD. The additional genotype data will augment the statistical power of the proposed common variant analyses. We anticipate that this work will reduce the gaps in our understanding of CTDs by identifying an explicit set of genes associated with CTD-risk by way of common variants. This work will also help define the genetic architecture for the full clinical spectrum of these common birth defects.

  Study phs002059

• Germline Genomic Analyses of Breast Cancer in Latinas

  In this case-control study of breast cancer among Hispanic/Latina (H/L) women, the goals were to identify breast cancer susceptibility genes and genetic variants for risk of developing breast cancer in H/L women. There were two phases with whole exome sequencing (WES) done in a discovery phase and targeted sequencing of candidate genes in the replication phase. The candidate genes selected for replication came from the first phase and from genes known to affect breast cancer risk in prior studies. Cases and controls were drawn from several studies. Breast cancer cases for discovery phase included women from the City of Hope (COH) Clinical Cancer Genomics Community Research Network (CCGCRN), UCSF Cancer Genetics Clinic and USC Cancer Genetics clinic. Controls for discovery phase included women who did not have breast and were recruited through City of Hope community fairs. A separate group of controls included women from the California Teachers Study. Additional controls for discovery were obtained from WES already generated by the Multi-ethnic cohort (MEC) study. The discovery/WES results of known breast cancer genes were published (PMID 31206626). In the replication phase, we included cases and controls from the Cancer de Mama (CAMA) study which is a case-control study of breast cancer in Mexico, MEC for those not included in the discovery dataset, the San Francisco Bay Area Cancer study (phs000912), the Northern California Breast Cancer Registry, and the California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute Women's Cohort (phs000395). Cases from the PATHWAYS study who were recruited from Northern California Kaiser Permanente were also included. Results from the combined discovery and replication analyses are reported in PMID 36747679.

  Study phs003144