7296 results for "canc*"

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• Small-RNA sequencing of pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma arising from germline SDHB mutations

  Single-end 75 basepair small-RNA sequencing of 90 SDHB-deficient non-metastatic and metastatic pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma. Samples were prepared using the NEXTFLEX® Small RNA-Seq Kit v3 (Bioo Scientific ). Samples were sequenced at the molecular genomics core (Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre) using 50bp single end sequencing on the Illumina NextSeq 500 (Illumina, USA). This dataset contains raw sequencing reads in FASTQ format.

  Dataset EGAD50000000501

• single cell data from HPV-positive head and neck cancer patients receiving induction CTLA-4 and PD-1 immune checkpoint blockade

  Baseline and on-treatment tumor samples from human papillomavirus-positive oropharynx cancer patients receiving anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 immune checkpoint blockade were analyzed by single-cell RNA and TCR sequencing.

  Dataset EGAD50000000487

• Systematic dissection of tumor-normal single-cell ecosystems across a thousand tumors of 30 cancer types

  Raw bam file for bulk RNA-seq of checkpoint-blockade treated lung cancer cohorts

  Dataset EGAD50000000469

• WES analysis of tumor samples from ER+ breast cancer patients treated with CDK4/6 inhibitor

  We performed whole exome sequencing of paired fresh frozen tumor from 4 ER+ advanced breast cancer patients. Samples were obtained for each patient prior to combined CDK4/6 inhibitor and endocrine therapy and at disease progression (N=8). DNA was extracted using the Maxwell® RSC FFPE and Tissue DNA Kit (Promega). WES was performed at the Department of Molecular Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital on matched tumor DNA (derived from primary fresh frozen and FFPE tissue) and buffy coat DNA. Libraries of tumors and matching germline DNA were prepared using 50 ng DNA and captured by Twist Comprehensive Exome with custom spike-ins, sequenced on the Illumina NovaSeq 6000 platform to an average coverage of 413x (range: 148-515x). The dataset include the analysis data files (vcf files).

  Dataset EGAD50000000622

• Cergentis FFPE-TLC sequencing of colorectal carcinoma

  In this study, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded targeted locus capture (FFPE-TLC) sequencing is used as a novel technology for targeted detection of tumor-specific genomic structural variants (SVs) in the primary tumor of 29 colorectal cancer patients with metastatic disease. The tumor region was macrodissected and sequenced for 29 patients, and the "normal" region of the same slide was macrodissected and sequenced for 8 of these patients. SVs were found in the common fragile site (CFS)-associated genes MACROD2, PRKN, FHIT and WWOX as well as SVs caused by three LINE transposable elements. Tumor-specificity of selected SVs was independently verified by droplet digital PCR of tumor tissue DNA and their applicability as plasma circulating tumor DNA biomarkers was demonstrated. This dataset contains the hg19 reference alignment of the FFPE-TLC sequences for all 29 colorectal cancers and 8 adjacent normals.

  Dataset EGAD50000000618

• CRC Patient-derived-organoids Whole Genome Sequencing

  Whole Genome Sequencing raw paired-ends reads for 20 matched colorectal patient-derived-organoids (normal and tumor). Tumor samples were obtained from patients treated at Niguarda Cancer Center, (Milano, Italy) and Candiolo Cancer Institute (Candiolo, Turin, Italy).

  Dataset EGAD50000000617

• Heterogeneity and evolution of DNA mutation rates in microsatellite-stable colorectal cancer

  A mutation accumulation experiment in colorectal cancer (CRC) derived tumoroids. A sequential single-cell cloning approach was adopted to measure the mutation rate in eight tumoroids obtained from five patients. WGS was also performed on their matched normal tissue and on standard tumoroids cultures without any cloning step. This is a 150x depth sequencing for 7 samples.

  Dataset EGAD50000000616

• DELFI low-coverage WGS of plasma cfDNA

  The dataset "DELFI low-coverage WGS of plasma cfDNA" includes paired FASTQ files produced by WGS of 689 plasma cfDNA samples from 153 patients with colorectal cancer. WGS (100bp PE) was performed on a NovaSeq 6000 with a target depth of coverage of 8x.

  Dataset EGAD50000000630

• ovarian cancer sample RNA-seq

  Tissue samples were collected from 18 ovarian cancer patients. After mechanical and enzymatic dissociation, a part of these tissues underwent growth factoromics analysis. For four cases, single-cell sequencing analysis was conducted under conditions with or without estradiol. Additionally, the remains of the tissues were frozen and subsequently subjected to bulk RNA-sequencing on 17 of these samples. Sixteen cases were diagnosed as HGSOC, while two samples were clear cell or mucinous type (Extended Data Table 1). All cases were grade 3, and none had received neoadjuvant chemotherapy. - Group C1, Epithelial Ovarian Cancer(EOC) patients with estrogen responsiveness : 6 samples - Group C2, Epithelial Ovarian Cancer(EOC) patients with estrogen non-responsiveness : 10 samples - non-classified 1-sample

  Dataset EGAD50000000613

• ProstOmics - DNA methylation v2

  Bulk methylation array data from 32 prostate tissue samples from 8 patients (3 with post-surgery relapse). Methylation data were acquired using the microarray assay Illumina Infinium MethylationEPIC v2.0 Kit. The individual samples have information on patient origin and sample type (cancer, cancer-adjacent field-effect normal or normal sample far from cancer). Patient metadata include information of age at surgery, time (months) until reported relapse, pre-surgery PSA and post-surgery T-stage.

  Dataset EGAD50000000606

• ProstOmics - DNA methylation v1

  Bulk methylation array data from 64 prostate tissue samples from 16 patients (5 with post-surgery relapse). Methylation data were acquired using the microarray kit Illumina Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChip (n=64 ). The individual samples have information on patient origin and sample type (cancer, cancer-adjacent field-effect normal or normal sample far from cancer). Patient metadata include information of age at surgery, time (months) until reported relapse, pre-surgery PSA and post-surgery T-stage.

  Dataset EGAD50000000605

• ProstOmics - Bulk Transcriptomics

  Bulk transcriptomics data from 176 prostate tissue samples (37 patients, 27 with post-surgery relapse) that were acquired using the SENSE mRNA-Seq Library Prep Kit V2 and Illumina NextSeq 500 instrument. The raw transcriptomics data is single-read RNA-seq. The individual samples have information on patient origin and sample type (cancer, cancer-adjacent field-effect normal or normal sample far from cancer). Patient metadata include information of age at surgery, time (months) until reported relapse, pre-surgery PSA and post-surgery T-stage.

  Dataset EGAD50000000604

• ProstOmics - Spatial Transcriptomics

  Spatial transcriptomics data (ST) from 32 human prostate tissue samples originating from 8 prostate cancer patients (5 patients with post-surgery relapse). The ST data was acquired using the Visium Spatial Gene Expression kit which resulted in over 20 000 spatially defined spots for the 32 tissue samples. The raw transcriptomics data is RNA-seq. The individual samples have information on patient origin and sample type (cancer, cancer-adjacent field-effect normal or normal sample far from cancer). Each ST spot has metadata such as sample origin, histology class (stroma, normal epithelium, cancer of various grading etc), number of cells and estimated cell type fractions. Patient metadata include information of age at surgery, time (months) until reported relapse, total follow-up time, pre-surgery PSA, post-surgery T-stage and metastasis status.

  Dataset EGAD50000000603

• DNA methylation database for gynecological cancer detection, classification and assay development

  MeD-seq data (fastq files) from gynecological cancers and associated healthy tissues. In total 292 fastq files generated by MeD-seq are deposited consisting of: healthy tissues (vulva n=11, cervix n=15, endometrium n=13, fallopian tube n=18 and ovary n=13), precursor lesions of cancer (vulva n=23 and cervix n=46) and cancer (vulva n=21, cervix n=45, endometrium n=26, fallopian tube n=8 and ovary n=33)

  Dataset EGAD50000000611

• RNAseq for 208 patients with medulloblastoma cancer (MB_COMICS cohort)

  This dataset contains 208 paired fastq files sequenced with Illumina HiSeq 2500.

  Dataset EGAD50000000600

• CRC cell line MPRA

  Massively Parallel Reporter Assays (MPRA) of colorectal cell lines HCEC-1CT (normal colon) and HT29 and SW403 (MSS cancer). Probes identified using the CRC GWAS.

  Dataset EGAD50000000596

• Targeted DNA sequencing and mRNA sequencing data from patients with peritoneal metastasis from colorectal cancer

  Patients with peritoneal metastasis from colorectal cancer (PM-CRC) have inferior prognosis and respond particularly poorly to chemotherapy. This study aims to identify the molecular explanation for the observed clinical behavior and suggest novel treatment strategies in PM-CRC. Tumor samples (230) from a Norwegian national cohort undergoing surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) with mitomycin C (MMC) for PM-CRC were subjected to targeted DNA sequencing, and associations with clinical data were analyzed. mRNA sequencing was conducted on a subset of 30 samples to compare gene expression in tumors harboring BRAF or KRAS mutations and wild-type tumors.

  Dataset EGAD50000000593

• Synergy study: "Tissue resident CD8+ T cell clonal expansion in advanced triple negative breast cancer is associated with response to chemoimmunotherapy"

  Dataset of the study "Synergy study: "Tissue resident CD8+ T cell clonal expansion in advanced triple negative breast cancer is associated with response to chemoimmunotherapy". This dataset contains the cellranger's gene-expression matrices for the 5 prime single-cell RNA sequencing experiments

  Dataset EGAD50000000748

• Transcriptomics for the ALTTO study

  Transcriptomics for the ALTTO study by high-throughput sequencing. 386 HER2+ breast cancers treated by trastuzumab were sequenced. Two fastq files are given for each sample.

  Dataset EGAD50000000746

• PRO-SPeCT: PROstate cancer heterogeneity deconvolution through Single cell Profiling of Chromatin accessibility and Transcriptomic output

  38 prostate cancer specimens derived from five human patients with ISUP ≥ 3 pathology who underwent radical prostatectomy and pelvic lymph node dissection at surgery as part of the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) late-onset cohort. Using single-cell multiome (expression and chromatin accessibility from RNA and ATAC, respectively) sequencing assay, we characterized 282,956 nuclei/cells, with a median of 6 primary tumor foci from the prostate gland and 3 locoregional lymph node metastases across all patients.

  Dataset EGAD50000000745

• The dataset for Genomic landscapes of endometrioid and mucinous ovarian cancers and morphologically similar tumor types

  The dataset for “Genomic landscapes of endometrioid and mucinous ovarian cancers and morphologically similar tumor types” includes 288 bam files from whole genome, whole exome and targeted next-generation sequencing on the Illumina HiSeq2500 and MiSeq. The samples analyzed include tumor and normal tissue samples from patients with cancer.

  Dataset EGAD50000000744

• RnaSeq data from 414 tumor samples with non muscle invasive bladder cancer

  A better understanding of the molecular landscape of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is essential to improve risk assessment and identify potential therapeutic targets. Here, we perform a comprehensive genomic analysis of patients diagnosed with NMIBC based on whole-exome- (n=438), shallow whole-genome- (n=362), and total RNA-sequencing (n=414). This dataset contains 414 BAM files corresponding to the full total RNA-sequencing dataset.

  Dataset EGAD50000000733

• sWGS data from 362 tumor with non muscle invasive bladder cancer and 30 blood samples (15 males and 15 females)

  A better understanding of the molecular landscape of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is essential to improve risk assessment and identify potential therapeutic targets. Here, we perform a comprehensive genomic analysis of patients diagnosed with NMIBC based on whole-exome- (n=438), shallow whole-genome- (n=362), and total RNA-sequencing (n=414). This dataset contains 876 BAM files corresponding to the full WES dataset. This dataset contains 392 BAM files corresponding to the full sWGS dataset. Tumor samples were sequenced to median coverage of 2.14x (1.24-9.01).

  Dataset EGAD50000000732

• Long Read sequencing data from 4 tumor/germline samples with non muscle invasive bladder cancer

  A better understanding of the molecular landscape of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is essential to improve risk assessment and identify potential therapeutic targets. Here, we perform a comprehensive genomic analysis of patients diagnosed with NMIBC based on whole-exome- (n=438), shallow whole-genome- (n=362), and total RNA-sequencing (n=414). Additionally, tumor/germline samples from 4 patients were sequenced using Oxford Nanopore technology. This dataset contains 8 BAM files corresponding to the Long read sequencing data.

  Dataset EGAD50000000731

• WES data from 438 tumor/germline samples with non muscle invasive bladder cancer

  A better understanding of the molecular landscape of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is essential to improve risk assessment and identify potential therapeutic targets. Here, we perform a comprehensive genomic analysis of patients diagnosed with NMIBC based on whole-exome- (n=438), shallow whole-genome- (n=362), and total RNA-sequencing (n=414). This dataset contains 876 BAM files corresponding to the full WES dataset. Tumor and matched germline DNA were sequenced to a mean coverage of 132x (35x-338x) and 128x (31x-302x), respectively.

  Dataset EGAD50000000730

• SCLC MeDIP-seq

  Methylation profile of 33 patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) for both, tumour and normal lung samples using MeDIP-seq.

  Dataset EGAD50000000724

• Luminal progenitor cell line iHBEC(CD117)

  Basal-like breast cancer originates in luminal progenitors, frequently with an altered PI3K pathway, and focally in close association with genetically altered myoepithelial cells at the site of tumor initiation. The exact trajectory behind this bi-lineage phenomenon remains poorly understood. Here we used a breast cancer relevant transduction protocol including hTERT, shp16, shp53, and PIK3CA(H1047R) to immortalize FACS isolated luminal cells, and we identified a candidate multipotent progenitor. We found that the apparent luminal phenotype of these oncogene transduced progenitors was metastable giving rise to basal-like cells dependent on culture conditions. After culturing the cells for more than 60 passages, cells were subjected to scRNA-seq as well as bulk RNA sequencing of two subpopulations (CD271+ and CD271-).

  Dataset EGAD50000000723

• Whole genome sequencing of pancreatic cystic fluid for early detection and diagnosis of pancreatic cancer

  Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally. Accurate PC detection at early or premalignant stage, when surgery is effective, would increase survival rates and prevent unnecessary surgery or surveillance. Molecular diagnostic attempts using PCy fluid (PCyF), as a liquid biopsy, to analyze common mutations associated with PC development are yet to contribute to early diagnosis. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) is utilized in various cancers, PC inclusive, for detecting genetic changes associated with carcinogenesis, but not in PCyF due to technical limitations, including isolated DNA purity. The goal of the study was to achieve high quality of WGS from PCyF from 9 patients to enable development of signatures of malignancy. The WGS was performed using Illumina sequencing. Experimental design was at a 50x depth.

  Dataset EGAD50000000869

• Rare germline variants in patients with personal and family history of colorectal cancer

  A double primary colorectal cancer (CRC) in a familial setting signals a high risk of CRC. In order to find novel high/moderate penetrance CRC susceptibility genes, we performed whole-exome sequencing on germline blood samples of seven familial cases from Poland with a double primary CRC.

  Dataset EGAD50000000861

• Dataset for early breast cancer samples

  This dataset contains WGS data for 27 tumor, control and patient derived culture samples of patients with breast cancer. Sequencing was performed on Illumina NovaSeq 6000 and HiSeq X using TruSeq Nano DNA Kit. The sequencing was always paired

  Dataset EGAD50000000860

• scRNA-seq from lung cancer organoids and immune cells

  15 scRNA-seq samples were multiplexed, and 5' 10X Chromium scRNA-seq was performed. This dataset provides the FASTQ files for the multiplexed data, as well as the BAM files for the demultiplexed samples.

  Dataset EGAD50000000845

• PDiamond Korean Lung Cancer Data

  WES and RNA-seq data of PDiamond Korean lung cancer data

  Dataset EGAD50000000844

• Single cell RNA sequencing of PBMC samples from CRC patients

  This data contains scRNA-seq on 14 PBMC samples from colorectal cancer patients.

  Dataset EGAD50000000841

• Pilot data of PDiamond Lung Cancer Data

  RNAseq pilot data of PDiamond Korean lung cancer data

  Dataset EGAD50000000843

• RNAseq data of metastatic breast cancer samples

  Paired-end RNA sequencing data from 28 metastatic breast cancer samples. Sequencing was performed on the Illumina NovSeq 6000 and HiSeq 4000 using TruSeq Stranded mRNA Kit.

  Dataset EGAD50000000818

• WGS and WES data of metastatic breast cancer tissues and organoids

  Paired-end WGS (x25) and WES data (x2) from metastatic breast cancer organoids, tissues and germline controls. WGS was performed on Illumina NovSeq 6000 and HiSeq X, using Illumina TruSeq Nano DNA kit. WES was performed on Illumina NovSeq 6000 and HiSeq 2000, using Agilent SureSelect XT HS + Human All Exon V7 and SureSelect Human All Exon V6+UTR (hg19).

  Dataset EGAD50000000817

• Whole-genome sequencing of tumour, germline and plasma samples from a BRCA1-mutant breast cancer patient

  This data set contains the fastq files from whole-genome sequencing of temporally matched tumour (fresh frozen biopsies), blood germline and plasma samples collected from a BRCA1-mutant breast cancer patient to directly compare mutation signature analysis using gold-standard tumour-germline paired variant calling with a novel ctDNA-based method (MisMatchFinder).

  Dataset EGAD50000000811

• Low-coverage whole genome sequencing of plasma from BRCA-mutant breast cancer patients

  Plasma samples from patients with breast cancer (stage IV) who had confirmed BRCA mutations were subjected to low-coverage whole-genome sequencing This dataset contains raw fastq files from 6 breast cancer plasma samples.

  Dataset EGAD50000000810

• BELLINI clinical trial bulk WES data: cohorts A & B

  WES data of 30 breast cancer primary tumors obtained from 30 unique patients from BELLINI clinical trial (cohorts A & B) and 30 matched blood samples. The data includes pretreatment samples. The included raw WES sequencing data in fastq format was generated using Illumina NovaSeq 6000.

  Dataset EGAD50000000809

• scRNAseq data from metastatic breast cancer samples

  Paired-end SMARTseq2 data of EpCAM+ sorted cells from liquid biopsies from 3 patients. Sequencing was performed on Illumina HiSeq 2500.

  Dataset EGAD50000000816

• BELLINI clinical trial bulk RNA-Seq data: cohorts A, B & С

  RNA-Seq data of 78 breast cancer primary tumors obtained from 45 unique patients from BELLINI clinical trial. The data includes pre- and post-treatment samples. Patients in cohort A (15 patients, 25 samples) received nivolumab for 4 weeks, patients in cohort B (15 patients, 28 samples) received nivolumab + ipilimumab for 4 weeks, and patients in cohort C (15 patients, 25 samples) received nivolumab + ipilimumab for 6 weeks. The included raw transcriptome sequencing data in fastq format was generated using Illumina NovaSeq 6000.

  Dataset EGAD50000000808

• Prediction of plasma ctDNA fraction and prognostic implications of liquid biopsy in advanced prostate cancer

  Targeted cfDNA and WBC sequencing data from patients profiled in the study "Prediction of plasma ctDNA fraction and prognostic implications of liquid biopsy in advanced prostate cancer". Note that 'Exome sequencing' is listed under Dataset Type since there is no option for targeted panel sequencing.

  Dataset EGAD50000000303

• WGS of human colorectal cancer organoid exposed to genotoxic pks+ E. coli

  Organoid cultures were exposed to different E.Coli strains and a dye control. In total 25 organoid cultures were whole-genome sequenced using the Novaseq6000 platforms. The data is deposited as .bam format.

  Dataset EGAD50000000304

• Whole genome sequencing data of high-grade serous ovarian cancer samples (set 11)

  The dataset contains whole genome sequencing data of 23 high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) patients sequenced with Novoseq 6000. The 89 samples are either fresh frozen tumour samples or blood samples. The files provided are paired fastq files.

  Dataset EGAD50000000313

• Homopolymer switches WES dataset

  This project used NGS (next generation sequencing) in mismatch repair deficient colorectal cancer samples. The project investigated the role of secondary MMR (mismatch repair) gene mutations in tumor evolution. This dataset includes BAM files from multi-region Whole Exome Sequencing of 49 samples from 22 patient tumors.

  Dataset EGAD50000000319

• INVADE bulk RNAseq

  Fastq files of bulk RNAseq data from DCIS, invasive and microinvasive breast cancer at diagnosis. This dataset covers 18 DCIS cases, 17 microinvasive and 20 primary invasive breast cancer.

  Dataset EGAD50000000320

• scRNAseq data of CAP

  Fastq files from scRNAseq data of cancer associated pericytes-like from 3 patients. CAP were isolated from a total of 3 primary BC (surgical residues prior to any treatment) by using BDFACS ARIA III sorter (BD Biosciences). BC were collected directly from the operating room after surgical specimen macroscopic examination and selection of areas of interest by a pathologist. Samples were cut into small pieces (around 1 mm3) and digested in CO2-independent medium (Gibco #18045-054) supplemented with 150 μg/mL liberase (Roche #05401020001) and Dnase I (Roche #11284932001) for 40 min at 37°C with shaking (180 rpm). After digestion, cells were processed and stained as described above (#Flow Cytometry analysis of BC samples). CAP fibroblasts were then gated on the Live/Dead negative fraction and defined as EPCAM- CD45- CD31- CD235a- FAPMed CD29High. CAP scRNA-seq: Upon isolation, CAP cells were directly collected into RNase-free tubes (Thermo Fisher Scientific, #AM12450) precoated with DMEM (GE Life Sciences, #SH30243.01) supplemented with 10% FBS (Biosera, #1003/500). Single-cell capture, lysis, and cDNA library construction were performed using Chromium system from 10X Genomics, with the following kits: Chromium Single Cell 3′ Library & Gel Bead Kit v2 kit (10X Genomics, #120237) and Chromium Single Cell A Chip Kits (10X Genomics, #1000009). Generation of gel beads in Emulsion (GEM), barcoding, post GEM-reverse transcription cleanup and cDNA amplification were performed according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Cells were loaded accordingly on the Chromium Single cell A chips, and 12 cycles were performed for cDNA amplification. cDNA quality and quantity were checked on Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer using Agilent High Sensitivity DNA Kit (Agilent, #5067-4626) and library construction followed according to 10X Genomics protocol. Libraries were next run on the Illumina HiSeq (for patients P1) and NovaSeq (for patients P2–3) with a depth of sequencing of 50,000 reads per cell.

  Dataset EGAD50000000321

• Spatial transcriptomic data of breast cancer

  Fastq files from spatial transcriptomic of breast cancer coming from 8 Breast cancer sections. Sample preparation: frozen BC samples were chosen based on tissue structure and RNA quality (RIN > 8). The “Visium Spatial Tissue Optimization Slide and Reagent Kit” (10X Genomics; #PN-1000193) was then used to optimize permeabilization conditions for BC tissues. Briefly, sections were fixed, stained and then permeabilized at different time points to capture mRNA, and the reverse transcription was performed to generate fluorescently labeled cDNA. The permeabilization time that resulted in the highest fluorescence signal with the lowest background diffusion was chosen. The best permeabilization time for BC tissue was 18 min. Cryostat sections of 10 μm of thickness were cut and placed on Visium Spatial Gene Expression slides (10X Genomics, PN-1000184). The slide was incubated for 1 min at 37°C, then fixed with methanol for 30 min at -20°C followed by Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining and images were taken under a high-resolution microscope. After imaging, the coverslip was detached by holding the slide in water and the slide was mounted in a plastic slide cassette. The spatial gene expression process, including tissue permeabilization, second strand synthesis and cDNA amplification, was performed according to the manufacturer’s instructions (10X Genomics; #CG000239). cDNA quality was next assessed using Agilent High sensitivity DNA Kit (Agilent, #5067-4626). The spatial gene libraries were constructed using Visium Spatial Library Construction Kit (10X Genomics, PN-1000184).

  Dataset EGAD50000000322

• Transcriptomic characterization of the histopathological growth patterns in breast cancer liver metastases

  20 fastq files of RNA-sequencing of the 2 main histopathological grow patterns observed in liver metastases.

  Dataset EGAD50000000331

• RNA-seq data for study 'Smoking-dependent expression alterations in nasal epithelium reveal immune impairment linked to germline variation and lung cancer risk.'

  RNA-seq data from nasal and bronchial tissues in 649 subjects, many with lung cancer. Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in the world. In contrast to many other cancers, a direct connection to lifestyle risk in the form of cigarette smoke has long been established. More than 50% of all smoking-related lung cancers occur in former smokers, often many years after smoking cessation. Despite extensive research, the molecular processes for persistent lung cancer risk are unclear. CT screening of current and former smokers has been shown to reduce lung cancer mortality by up to 26%. To examine whether clinical risk stratification can be improved upon by the addition of genetic data, and to explore the mechanisms of the persisting risk in former smokers, we have analyzed transcriptomic data from accessible airway tissues of 487 subjects. We developed a model to assess smoking associated gene expression changes and their reversibility after smoking is stopped, in both healthy subjects and clinic patients. We find persistent smoking associated immune alterations to be a hallmark of the clinic patients. Integrating previous GWAS data using a transcriptional network approach, we demonstrate that the same immune and interferon related pathways are strongly enriched for genes linked to known genetic risk factors, demonstrating a causal relationship between immune alteration and lung cancer risk. Finally, we used accessible airway transcriptomic data to derive a non-invasive lung cancer risk classifier. Our results provide initial evidence for germline-mediated personalised smoke injury response and risk in the general population, with potential implications for managing long-term lung cancer incidence and mortality.

  Dataset EGAD50000000333