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• National Children's Study Vanguard Study Formative Research Study (NCS)

  The National Children's Study (NCS) is a multi-year prospective epidemiological study tasked with identifying a nationally representative sample of 100,000 children and following them from pregnancy through age 21 to study environmental impacts on growth, development, and health. Determination of NCS enrollee ancestry is important for assessing the diversity of study enrollees and for examining the effect of ancestry on various health outcomes. We estimated the genetic ancestry of a convenience sample of 641 parents enrolled at the 7 original NCS Vanguard sites by analyzing 29,972 markers on exome arrays, using the participants of the 1000 Genomes Project (1KG) super populations (e.g. European, East Asian) as reference populations, and compared this to self-reported ethnicity and race. Self-reported ethnicity and race agreed with predicted super population in 98.9% of individuals. NCS individuals identified as Asian by self-report had genetic ancestry of either South Asian or Asian groups, while those reporting as either Hispanic White or Hispanic Other had similar genetic ancestry. Of the 33 individuals who self-reported as Multiracial or Non-Hispanic Other, 11 (33%) matched the South Asian and Asian groups, while these groups were less represented in the other reported categories (27/609, 4.4%). Our data suggest that self-reported ethnicity and race categories have some limitations in accurately capturing this information for Hispanic and South Asian populations. Overall, our data indicate that despite the complexity of the U.S. population, individuals know their ancestral origins and that self-reported ethnicity and race is a reliable indicator of genetic ancestry.

  Study phs000662

• Cancer genome scanning in plasma: detection of tumor-associated copy number aberrations, single nucleotide variants and tumoral heterogeneity by massively parallel sequencing

  Tumor-derived DNA can be found in the plasma of cancer patients. We explored the use of shotgun massively parallel sequencing of plasma DNA obtained from cancer patients to scan a cancer genome noninvasively. We achieved the profiling of copy number aberrations and point mutations, in a genomewide manner using this approach. By measuring the genomewide aggregated allelic loss and point mutations, we determined the fractional tumor-derived DNA concentrations in plasma and correlated these values with tumor size and surgical treatment. We have also demonstrated the application of this approach to monitoring a complex oncologic scenario, in a patient with two synchronous cancers. In particular, through the use of multi-regional sequencing of tumoral tissues and shotgun sequencing of plasma DNA, we have shown that plasma DNA sequencing is a valuable approach for studying tumoral heterogeneity. Shotgun plasma DNA sequencing is thus a powerful tool for cancer monitoring and research.

  Study EGAS00001000370

• Whole genome sequence: cardiomyopathy, 1 HCM patient

  In this study, we analyzed the genomic information by whole genome sequencing using peripheral blood samples from patients with various cardiovascular diseases including severe heart failure to identify genetic variants related to the pathology of cardiovascular diseases. The purpose is to elucidate the underlying mechanism and develop new therapeutic interventions for cardiovascular disease.

  Study JGAS000704

• Whole genome sequence: cardiomyopathy, 1 ARVC patient

  In this study, we analyzed the genomic information by whole genome sequencing using peripheral blood samples from patients with various cardiovascular diseases including severe heart failure to identify genetic variants related to the pathology of cardiovascular diseases. The purpose is to elucidate the underlying mechanism and develop new therapeutic interventions for cardiovascular disease.

  Study JGAS000705

• First datasets available in the Federated EGA Network

  In February 2024, a great milestone was reached for the human omics data community: the first datasets are now available in the Federated European Genome-phenome Archive (FEGA). These datasets - hosted by national nodes in Poland, Norway, and Sweden - are discoverable in the EGA portal and accessible according to national laws. These datasets include: From FEGA Poland - The Genomic Map Of Poland From FEGA Norway - CRCbiome: Gut metagenome of Norwegian screening participants using FIT sampling Also from FEGA Norway - Single cell transcriptomics in expanded Tregs of APS-1 patients From FEGA Sweden - A Combined Omics and Tissue Biobank for Paediatric Cancers The establishment of these datasets represents a significant step towards achieving the broader objectives of the FEGA; to facilitate the sharing of high-quality human genomic and phenotypic data across borders. “The value for users is twofold: it becomes easier to make data available securely compared to storing data locally, and data becomes easier to find for other researchers. The possibility of reuse improves the chances of both verifying scientific discoveries and reaching groundbreaking conclusions, of benefit to the research community and later also patients,” said Anna Hagwall, project manager and head of human data at FEGA Sweden, NBIS. About Federated EGA FEGA was launched in 2022 as a network to store and lawfully share sensitive human omics data safely. It relies on the technology originally developed by the EGA and support from ongoing collaborations with ELIXIR - a European life sciences infrastructure. FEGA has contributed to and benefitted from the implementation of community standards for sensitive data management including those developed by the Global Alliance for Genomics and Health (GA4GH). “The FEGA concept and the development of the Nordic FEGA nodes have been made possible thanks to several projects coordinated by NeIC,” said Kjell Petersen, FEGA Norway technical lead. Managing human omics data is challenging due to its sheer size and privacy concerns, often resulting in restrictions on how and where sensitive data can be shared. The FEGA network follows a federated data access model whereby sensitive data is stored securely within a local or national jurisdiction, while discovery across the network for data of interest is enabled via a central portal. As of February 2024, the FEGA network comprises seven European national nodes with tens of additional national partners working towards establishing a FEGA node. As the FEGA network continues to onboard nodes from around the world, populated with more and more data, we move closer to a vision of a truly global resource for discovery of and access to sensitive human omics data to accelerate disease research and improve human health. "The Federated EGA network is entering a key phase where the first research datasets are now available across the network. In coming years, we look forward to expanding these datasets to cover key areas such as cancer and rare diseases for the benefit of patients" said Thomas Keane, Group Leader at EMBL-EBI.

  Blog first-datasets-available-in-Federated-EGA

• Acquisition of additional mutations drives accelerated progression of NPM1 positive CMML to AML

  This data is part of a pre-publication release. For information on the proper use of pre-publication data shared by the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute (including details of any publication moratoria), please see http://www.sanger.ac.uk/datasharing/ We performed exome sequencing on serial samples from a patient with CMML who progressed to AML. The exome sequencing suggests that NPM1, TET2 and DNMT3a mutations were present in the dominant clone in the CMML sample and that NRAS is a new subclonal mutation in the AML sample. Diagnostic data shows the presence of a FLT3-ITD mutation in the AML sample, which is likely to have driven progression. Here we are performing re-sequencing of the putative driver and some passenger mutations which appear to be in the same clone to validate these mutations and to verify the relative quantification of these abnormalities .

  Dataset EGAD00001002194

• AACR Project Genomics, Evidence, Neoplasia, Information, Exchange (GENIE)

  AACR Project Genomics Evidence Neoplasia Information Exchange (GENIE) is an international pancancer registry of real-world data assembled through data sharing between 19 leading international cancer centers with the goal of improving clinical decision-making. The registry leverages ongoing clinical sequencing efforts (CLIA/ISO-certified) at participating cancer centers by pooling their data to create a novel, open-access registry to serve as an evidence base for the entire cancer community. Genomic and baseline clinical data from more than 70,000 tumors is accessible through the efforts of our strategic and technical partners, Sage Bionetworks and cBioPortal. The consortium and its activities are driven by openness, transparency, and inclusion to ensure that the project output remains accessible to the global cancer research community and ultimately benefits patients.

  Study phs001337

• Tracing tumor evolution and heterogeneity of pleomorphic carcinoma of the lung

  Pulmonary pleomorphic carcinoma (PPC) is an aggressive and highly heterogeneous non-small-cell lung carcinoma whose underlying biology is still poorly understood. Forty-two tumor areas including 39 primary tumors and 3 metastases from 20 PPC patients were microdissected and the histologically distinct components were subjected to whole exome sequencing (WES) separately. Twenty non-tumor areas from matched PPC patients were also subjected to WES. Twist Human Core Exome + RefSeq + Mito-Panel kit (Twist Bioscience) was used for the whole exome capturing according to manufacturer’s guidelines. Paired-end 100-bp reads were generated on the Illumina NovaSeq 6000. After the sequencing, reads were aligned against the reference human genome GRCh38 using Burrows-Wheeler Aligner (BWA, v0.7.12)

  Study EGAS50000000314

• Genome Sequencing of Hepatocellular Carcinoma at The Human Genome Sequencing Center of Baylor College of Medicine (HGSC-BCM)

  Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for 85-90% of primary liver cancers. We have focused on three major HCC etiologies:hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and nonviral causes. The onset and progression of cancer is driven by extensive rearrangement and mutation of the genome. We combined our capability to capture and enrich exome DNA with the next generation sequencing capacity to allow us to detect and characterize the somatic mutation profile of patients with HCC. Patient samples were collected by the Liver Center, Division of Abdominal Transplantation in the Baylor College of Medicine Department of Surgery. Sequencing of HCC is one of the NHGRI Center Initiated Projects in progress in the Human Genome Sequencing Center at Baylor College of Medicine.

  Study phs000509

• MethCORR: DNA Methylation-based Characterization, Classification and Prognostication of Colorectal Cancer using Archival Formalin-fixed, Paraffin-embedded Tissue

  Transcriptional characterization and classification has potential to resolve the inter-tumor heterogeneity of colorectal cancer (CRC) and improve patient management. Yet, robust transcriptional profiling is difficult using formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples, which complicates testing in clinical and archival material. We present MethCORR, an approach that allows uniform molecular characterization and classification of fresh-frozen and FFPE samples. MethCORR identifies genome-wide correlations between RNA expression and DNA methylation in fresh-frozen samples. This information is used to infer gene expression information in FFPE samples from their DNA methylation profiles. MethCORR was applied to methylation profiles from 877 fresh-frozen and FFPE samples and comparative analysis identified the same two major subtypes in four independent cohorts. Furthermore, subtype-specific prognostic biomarkers that better predicted relapse-free survival (HR=2.66, 95% CI [1.67-4.22], P<0.001) than TNM staging and MSI status were identified and validated using DNA methylation-specific PCR assays. The MethCORR approach is general, and may be similarly successful for other cancer types.

  Study EGAS00001004293

• Induced pluripotent stem cell lines (iPSC lines) produced from skin and blood cells.

  The IMBA stem cell bank, iPSC Biobank, is a collection of induced pluripotent stem cell lines (iPSC lines) produced from skin and blood cells. The iPSC Biobank is integrated into the IMBA Stem Cell Core Facility. It stores and provides high-quality reference control panels of iPSC clones as a tool to the research community. The resource is available to all scientists and commercial institutions. The ethical guidelines of the iPSC Biobank are always based on prevailing laws and internal regulations.

  Study EGAS00001006262

• Multi-Site Collaborative Study for Genotype-Phenotype Associations in Alzheimer's disease and Longitudinal follow-up of Genotype-Phenotype Associations in Alzheimer's disease and Neuroimaging component of Genotype-Phenotype Associations in Alzheimer's disease

  GenADA is a multi-site collaborative study, involving GlaxoSmithKline Inc and nine medical centres in Canada, to develop a dataset containing 1000 Alzheimer's disease patients and 1000 ethnically-matched controls in order to associate DNA sequence (allelic) variations in candidate genes with Alzheimer's disease phenotypes. The study consists of both retrospective and prospective components, that is, patients with an existing diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease as well as newly diagnosed patients were enrolled in the study. Thus, clinical data was retrospectively or prospectively obtained on Day 1 of entry into GenADA. Where possible, biological relatives with Alzheimer's (up to third degree relationship such as cousins) and unaffected siblings of AD cases were also recruited. Note that recruitment numbers for biological relatives were lower than expected and genotypic data has not been submitted to dbGap for these subjects. The purpose of this study is: To identify DNA sequence variations (genotype) in candidate genes that are associated with the clinical symptoms and behavioural features of Alzheimer's disease (phenotype), which differ between study participants with and without the disease. To identify other genotype-phenotype associations in cognitively impaired study participants such as age of onset, family history, rate of cognitive decline, patterns of behavioural/psychiatric non-cognitive symptoms factors, response to treatment co-morbid conditions, and risks/exposure. The final subject recruitment for this study included 875 Alzheimer's disease patients, 850 ethnically-matched controls, and 37 family members. GenADA LONG is a longitudinal assessment to the original GenADA study. Eligible subjects were recruited from five of the nine memory clinics that participated in the GenADA study. Mild to moderate AD participants, a matched subset of controls, and biological related siblings (both affected and unaffected) or other blood relatives affected with AD, were initially examined a minimum of 12 months from recruitment into the original GenADA study, then at two further intervals of 12 and 18 months after time of entry into GenADA LONG. This enables an evaluation of the disease progression in AD patients and a determination of whether controls show evidence of cognitive decline. The overall goal of this extension study is to identify genetic differences and environmental influences that modulate the age of onset of the disease, the course of the disease, and/or biomarkers for neurodegenerative processes. Three of the five memory clinics that participated in the GenADA LONG study recruited eligible patients into GenADA Imaging. A concurrent neuroimaging sub-study was conducted at three of the five memory clinics participating in GenADA LONG. Eligible AD cases with mild to moderate AD, who were recruited into the original GenADA study and participated in the GenADA LONG extension study, were enrolled. Additionally, controls that showed signs of cognitive decline, as part of the assessment in GenADA LONG, were imaged at baseline, 12 and 18 month scanning intervals. The objective of this study is to find genes that: affect changes in AD brain volume measure by magnetic resonance in order to investigate how well change in brain volume predicts other key clinical measures in AD, such as neurodegenerative scales; that correlate changes in brain volume for other genotype-phenotype associations in cognitively impaired study participants; and that correlate with other clinically applicable magnetic resonance measures of pathology that can be conducted at the same time as structural volume measures, and are complementary to the volume measures. The ultimate aim of this research is to obtain a better understanding and definition of Alzheimer's Disease in order to develop new improved medicines.

  Study phs000219

• PROstate Cancer Medically Optimized Genome Enhanced ThErapy (PROMOTE) of Castration Resistant Prostate Cancer (CRPC) Patients Treated with Abiraterone Acetate

  The Prostate Cancer Medically Optimized Genome-Enhanced Therapy (PROMOTE) study uses genetic clues in castration-resistant prostate cancer that may identify an individualized treatment approach for men with the disease. Understanding the molecular biology behind castration-resistant prostate cancer has led to more treatment options, but there are still no definite conclusions about which specific drug best treats patients - maximum suppression of cancer growth while minimizing side effects. The PROMOTE study explores the genetic characteristics of each tumor to predict these treatment paradigms for the future, resulting in more effective and less toxic options for patients. Our long-term goal is to improve treatments for men with advanced prostate cancer by using genomic sequencing to increase life span and quality of life. We also will uncover novel vulnerable targets in the cancer genome that may provide new drug therapies. PARTICIPATION Eligible participants are men: With castration-resistant prostate cancer or prostate cancer not responding to hormone treatments About to begin abiraterone acetate therapy Agreeable to undergoing two tumor biopsies During the study, participants travel to Mayo Clinic for an initial biopsy (before beginning abiraterone acetate) and a second biopsy approximately three months later. The cell tissue collected is analyzed to identify gene alterations in the tumor that could eventually be targeted with treatments. Tissue is preserved for future research. Participants can continue to be treated by their local cancer care team during this period and beyond. In addition, the Mayo team carefully monitors participants' cancer via follow-up studies and the genetic signature of tumors that were biopsied so that patients may benefit from future treatments.

  Study phs001141

• NHLBI TOPMed: MESA and MESA Family AA-CAC

  The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) is a study of the characteristics of subclinical cardiovascular disease (disease detected non-invasively before it has produced clinical signs and symptoms) and the risk factors that predict progression to clinically overt cardiovascular disease or progression of the subclinical disease. MESA researchers study a diverse, population-based sample of 6,814 asymptomatic men and women aged 45-84. Thirty-eight percent of the recruited participants are white, 28 percent African-American, 22 percent Hispanic, and 12 percent Asian, predominantly of Chinese descent. Comprehensive phenotypic and pedigree data for MESA study participants are available through dbGaP entry phs000209. MESA Participants were recruited from six field centers across the United States: Wake Forest University, Columbia University, Johns Hopkins University, University of Minnesota, Northwestern University and University of California - Los Angeles. Each participant received an extensive physical exam and determination of coronary calcification, ventricular mass and function, flow-mediated endothelial vasodilation, carotid intimal-medial wall thickness and presence of echogenic lucencies in the carotid artery, lower extremity vascular insufficiency, arterial wave forms, electrocardiographic (ECG) measures, standard coronary risk factors, sociodemographic factors, lifestyle factors, and psychosocial factors. Selected repetition of subclinical disease measures and risk factors at follow-up visits allows study of the progression of disease. Blood samples have been assayed for putative biochemical risk factors and stored for case-control studies. DNA has been extracted and lymphocytes cryopreserved (for possible immortalization) for study of candidate genes and possibly, genome-wide scanning, expression, and other genetic techniques. Participants are being followed for identification and characterization of cardiovascular disease events, including acute myocardial infarction and other forms of coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, and congestive heart failure; for cardiovascular disease interventions; and for mortality. In addition to the six Field Centers, MESA involves a Coordinating Center, a Central Laboratory, and Central Reading Centers for Computed Tomography (CT), Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Ultrasound, and Electrocardiography (ECG). Protocol development, staff training, and pilot testing were performed in the first 18 months of the study. The first examination took place over two years, from July 2000 - July 2002. It was followed by five examination periods that were 17-20 months in length. Participants have been contacted every 9 to 12 months throughout the study to assess clinical morbidity and mortality. MESA Family The general goal of the MESA Family Study, an ancillary study to MESA funded by a grant from NHLBI, is to apply modern genetic analysis and genotyping methodologies to delineate the genetic determinants of early atherosclerosis. This is being accomplished by utilizing all the current organizational structures of the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) and Genetic Centers at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center and University of Virginia. In the MESA Family Study, the goal is to locate and identify genes contributing to the genetic risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD), by looking at the early changes of atherosclerosis within families (mainly siblings). 2128 individuals from 594 families, yielding 3,026 sibpairs divided between African Americans and Hispanic-Americans, were recruited by utilizing the existing framework of MESA. MESA Family studied siblings of index subjects from the MESA study and from new sibpair families (with the same demographic characteristics) and is determining the extent of genetic contribution to the variation in coronary calcium (obtained via CT Scan) and carotid artery wall thickness (B-mode ultrasound) in the two largest non-majority U.S. populations. In a small proportion of subjects, parents of MESA index subjects participating in MESA Family were studied but only to have blood drawn for genotyping. The MESA Family cohort was recruited from the six MESA Field Centers. MESA Family participants underwent the same examination as MESA participants during May 2004 - May 2007. DNA was extracted and lymphocytes immortalized for study of candidate genes, genome-wide linkage scanning, and analyzed for linkage with these subclinical cardiovascular traits. While linkage analysis is the primary approach being used, an additional aspect of the MESA Family Study takes advantage of the existing MESA study population for testing a variety of candidate genes for association with the same subclinical traits. Genotyping and data analysis will occur throughout the study.

  Study phs001416

• Personalized Treatment of Sezary Syndrome through a CTLA4:CD28 Fusion

  We sequenced two tumor and one normal whole genome libraries for a Sezary syndrome patient and also sequenced RNA libraries for each tumor. We identified a novel, highly expressed CTLA4:CD28 gene fusion that is predicted to results in a leading to stimulatory T-cell signaling in the presence of an inhibitory signal.

  Study phs000773

• Comprehensive genomic analysis of patient derived orthotopic xenograft model in primary central nervous system lymphoma

  The purpose of this study is to investigate genetic background of orthotopic xenograft cells and aseess consistency with parent tumor cells. For exome sequencing, we used two distinct PCNSL cells (YML9 and YML11). We also performed RNA sequencing for 7 PCNSL patient tumor cells to compare NF-kB pathway activation.

  Study JGAS000178

• Cystic Fibrosis Nasal Epithelium Gene Expression by RNAseq

  Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a monogenic disorder leading to multi-organ system dysfunction, with the primary cause of morbidity and mortality being lung disease. Mutations in CFTR result in defective ion channel transport leading to hyperviscous mucus, airway infection, inflammation and lung function decline. While the Phe508del mutation is the most common CFTR mutation in North American people with CF, it is well known that there is a broad range of lung disease severity even amongst Phe508del homozygotes, including twins/siblings. Heritability analyses showing the relative contribution of non-CFTR modifier genes in such differences in phenotype, have led to our genomic and transcriptomic studies of gene modifiers in CF. Complementary to two international CF GWAS studies, this study was performed to a) determine differential expression of genes relative to a quantitative lung disease severity phenotype score (KNoRMA; as used in CF GWAS studies) and b) to assess expression quantitative trait loci. To better understand genetic modification of CF lung disease severity, we analyzed gene expression (transcriptomic) profiles by mRNA sequencing from nasal mucosal biopsy specimens of 134 people with CF. Each study participants was characterized for CF lung disease severity phenotype by averaging three years of lung function data (forced expiratory volume in 1 second; FEV1), normalized to a CF-specific reference population matching for age, sex, and height. Participants completed nasal lavage and nasal curettage mucosal sampling, with directed sampling to the inferior nasal turbinate, a well validated surrogate for cellular characteristics and CFTR function of the lower CF airways. Participants were further invited to complete a second set of these sampling procedures for validation analysis. Specimen and concurrent clinical data collection occurred across four North American study sites and nasal mucosal specimens were subjected to RNASeq analysis. These data were to be made available in the dbGaP. Our association analyses of gene expression relative to quantitative CF lung disease phenotype, taken together with previously identified GWAS signals, identified biological pathways correlated with CF lung disease pathogenesis. Our further association analyses of gene expression relative to single nucleotide polymorphism variation at significant CF GWAS loci further identified potential mechanisms of genetic variants associated with CF lung disease. This resource is intended to aid researchers in characterizing airway mucosal gene expression from the CF airways for the purpose of gene expression profiling in CF and in muco-obstructive airways disease.

  Study phs002254

• Genetic Associations in Idiopathic Talipes Equinovarus (Clubfoot) - GAIT

  Isolated clubfoot or idiopathic talipes equinovarus (ITEV) is one of the five most common birth defects, affecting approximately 4,000 newborns each year in the US. While the orthopedic care of these children has improved, long-term problems persist and the health care costs are significant. Studies suggest that clubfoot is a complex disorder with segregation analyses and family studies indicating that genetic factors play an important etiologic role in the development of clubfoot. Only one environmental factor, maternal smoking during pregnancy, has been implicated. We postulate that a small number of genes account for a substantial fraction of clubfoot and that these genes can be identified in a defined population. The challenge now is to identify the genetic loci and, later, the effect of environmental exposures. To accomplish this task, it is important to have a well-defined population and the methodology to detect linkage with and without association. Towards these goals, we have identified and characterized multiplex clubfoot families, including two large clubfoot families, a resource which is among the largest ITEV populations in existence. We will perform a high-density SNP genome scan (GWAS) on our clubfoot dataset to identify chromosomal regions that may harbor clubfoot genes with subsequent interrogation of these regions and candidate genes. We are in a position with our unique clubfoot population and with the methodology in place to undertake this study. The study phases are: 1) continued ascertainment of multiplex and simplex families and 2) GWAS and characterization of identified chromosomal regions and candidate genes. The results of this study will provide data essential to the identification of the gene(s) contributing to the clubfoot phenotype. Identification of high-risk genotypes can lead to the development of prevention programs in selected populations and may suggest gene-based prevention strategies.

  Study phs000314

• Multiomics analyses of Parkinson's disease midbrains

  Understanding the key pathological mechanisms underlying Parkinson's Disease pathology is fundamental for the development of novel and more effective therapeutic strategies. In this study, post-mortem human midbrain tissue from a cohort of 13 PD patients and 10 controls was analyzed with a set of multi-omics technologies including small RNA sequencing, transcriptomics and proteomics profiling.

  Study EGAS00001004966

• Polygenic Risk Score for the Prediction of Breast Cancer Is Related to Lesser Terminal Duct Lobular Unit Involution of the Breast

  The Susan G. Komen Tissue Bank (KTB) at the Indiana University Simon Cancer Center is an annotated biobank, which has recruited healthy women who provided demographic, lifestyle, and cancer-related information via self-administered questionnaire, blood samples and normal breast tissues. H&E slides of the normal breast tissues were scanned for image analysis and a pathologist measured the number of terminal duct lobular units (TDLUs) ("TDLU count"). The acini count per TDLU was quantified using the TDLU analyzer software. In this analysis, we computed the recently developed polygenic risk score (PRS) based on 313 common variants for the prediction of breast cancer and related this PRS to TDLU count and acini count per TDLU. We did this for the overall PRS, the ER-positive PRS and the ER-negative PRS.

  Study phs002062

• Population Architecture using Genomics and Epidemiology (PAGE): Multiethnic Cohort (MEC)

  The Multiethnic Cohort (MEC) has established a large biorepository of blood and urine (N=67,000) and cryopreserved lymphocytes (N=15,000) linked to extensive, prospectively collected risk factors (e.g., diet, smoking, physical activity), biomarkers and clinical data for five racial/ethnic groups. This cohort study of over 215,000 men and women in Hawaii and California is unique in that it is population-based and includes large representations of older adults (45-75 yrs at baseline) for five US racial/ethnic groups (Japanese Americans, African Americans, European Americans, Latinos and Native Hawaiians) at varying risks of chronic diseases. Within the PAGE investigation, the MEC proposes to study: 1) diseases for which we have DNA available for large numbers of cases and controls (breast, prostate, and colorectal cancer, diabetes, and obesity); 2) important cancers that are less common (e.g., lung, pancreas, endometrial cancers, NHL) but for which we propose to pool our data with other funded groups; 3) common traits that are risk factors for these diseases (e.g., body mass index/weight, waist-to-hip ratio, height) and 4) relevant disease-associated biomarkers (e.g., fasting insulin and lipids, steroid hormones). The specific aims are: 1) To determine the population-based epidemiologic profile (allele frequency, main effect, heterogeneity by disease characteristics) of putative causal variants in the five racial/ethnic groups in the MEC; 2) for variants displaying effect heterogeneity across ethnic/racial groups, we will utilize differences in LD to identify a more complete spectrum of associated variants at these loci; 3) investigate gene x gene and gene x environment interactions to identify modifiers; 4) examine the associations of putative causal variants with already measured intermediate phenotypes (e.g., plasma insulin, lipids, steroid hormones); and 5) for variants that do not fall within known genes, start to investigate their relationships with gene expression and epigenetic patterns in small genomic studies. This study is part of the Population Architecture using Genomics and Epidemiology (PAGE) study phs000356.

  Study phs000220

• Reliable assessment of telomere maintenance mechanisms in neuroblastoma

  Telomere maintenance mechanisms (TMM) are a hallmark of high-risk neuroblastoma, and are conferred by activation of telomerase or alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT). However, detection of TMM is not yet part of the clinical routine, and consensus on TMM detection, especially on ALT assessment, remains to be achieved. We here propose a workflow to reliably detect TMM in neuroblastoma. We show that unambiguous classification is feasible following a stepwise approach that determines both, activation of telomerase and ALT. The workflow proposed in this study can be used in clinical routine and provides a framework to systematically and reliably determine telomere maintenance mechanisms for risk stratification and treatment allocation of neuroblastoma patients.

  Study EGAS00001006510

• Ribosome_Profiling_of_Macrophages_during_Salmonella_Infection

  The aim of this study is to assess translational changes in macrophages over a time course of Salmonella infection. This data is part of a pre-publication release. For information on the proper use of pre-publication data shared by the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute (including details of any publication moratoria), please see http://www.sanger.ac.uk/datasharing/

  Study EGAS00001001285

• Long-read sequencing identifies a common transposition haplotype predisposing for CLCNKB deletions

  Long-read whole genome sequencing, long-read long-range PCR sequencing, targetted long fragment long-read sequencing data of the CLCNKA/CLCNKB locus in 27 Bartter syndrome patients. Multiple different deletion alleles are identified and a new common transposition haplotype predisposing for CLCNKB deletions is described.

  Study EGAS00001007339

• Genomic Data Archive From the Network for Pancreatic Organ Donors With Diabetes

  The Network for Pancreatic Organ Donors with Diabetes (nPOD) is the largest biorepository of human pancreata from organ donors with type 1 diabetes (T1D), maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY), cystic fibrosis-related diabetes (CFRD), type 2 diabetes (T2D), gestational diabetes, and islet autoantibody positive (AAb+)/pre-T1D. The mission of the nPOD is to distribute biospecimens and associated de-identified data/metadata to an international researcher network, and to promote the development of new treatments for these diabetes conditions. Here, we describe the release of high-parameter genotyping data for the nPOD cohort. Specifically, 372 subjects were genotyped using a customized precision medicine single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) microarray (UFDIchip). These data were technically validated using published algorithms to evaluate donor relatedness, ancestry, imputed HLA, and T1D genetic risk score. Additionally, 207 subjects were queried for rare known and novel coding region variants via whole exome sequencing (WES). These data are now publicly available, enabling genotype-selected sample requests and the study of novel genotype : phenotype associations, ultimately to explain diabetes heterogeneity and inform precision medicine strategies to interrupt diabetes pathogenesis.

  Study phs002861