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• Mutational analysis of an oligoprogressive sarcomatoid hepatocellular carcinoma treated with an immune checkpoint inhibitor.

  In this study, we describe a patient diagnosed with metastatic sarcomatoid hepatocellular carcinoma that showed a remarkable tumor response to Nivolumab, an immune checkpoint inhibitor, followed by an oligoprogression. Molecular analysis of the primary tumor in addition to a bone and brain metastasis was performed and we were able to identify driver genetic alterations indicating a possible role in the tumorigenesis process besides some alterations that may be associated with metastasis.

  Study EGAS00001005064

• Early progression to active tuberculosis is a highly heritable trait driven by 3q23 in Peruvians

  In a genome-wide genetic study of early progression to active tuberculosis (TB), we genotyped 4,002 active TB cases and their household contacts in Lima, Peru. We first established TB progression has a strong genetic basis, and is comparable to traits with well-established genetic bases (h2g=0.212). We identified a novel association between early TB progression and variants located in a putative enhancer region on chromosome 3q23 (rs73226617, OR = 1.18; P = 3.93 x 10-8). With in silico and in vitro analyses we identified genetic variant rs73226617 or rs148722713 as the likely functional variant and ATP1B3 as a potential causal target gene with monocyte specific function.

  Study phs002025

• Whole blood RNAseq from a large ALS case-control study at Univ of Michigan

  Patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a rare fatal neurodegenerative disease, face a lengthy diagnostic process, and, although most survive only 2 to 4 years from diagnosis, lack information regarding their specific anticipated disease course due to a lack of prognostic tools. Although ALS is a heterogeneous disease of varied etiology, peripheral immune system dysfunction is ubiquitous, reflected in altered whole blood transcriptome. Herein, we profiled whole blood gene expression by RNA sequencing in a large cohort of ALS cases versus controls. Several machine learning classifiers trained on our gene expression dataset predicted case-control status and survival, and integration analysis with external cohorts led to the identification of drug candidates.

  Study EGAS50000001019

• Case Report: Precision medicine target revealed by in-vitro modelling of relapsed, refractory ALL from a child with neurofibromatosis

  Children with neurofibromatosis have a higher risk of developing juvenile myelomonocytic leukaemia and acute myeloid leukaemia, but rarely develop B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (B-ALL). Through in-vitro modelling, a novel NF1 p.L2467 frameshift (fs) mutation identified in a relapsed/refractory Ph-like B-ALL patient with neurofibromatosis demonstrated cytokine independence and increased RAS signalling, indicative of leukaemic transformation. Furthermore, these cells were sensitive to the MEK inhibitors trametinib and mirdametinib. Bi-allelic NF1 loss of function may be a contributing factor to relapse and with sensitivity to MEK inhibitors, suggests a novel precision medicine target in the setting of neurofibromatosis patients with B-ALL.

  Study EGAS00001006187

• A Cultured Leukemia Stem Cell Model Enables Validation of CDK6 as a Stemness Target Against Acute Myeloid Leukemia

  Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) represents a group of aggressive hematological malignancies, the clinical management of which is made challenging due to the persistence of rare and therapy resistant leukemia stem cells (LSCs) which serve as a source of disease relapse and poor outcomes. There are currently a paucity of methods to reliably enrich and study LSCs, hindering the development of therapies that specifically target LSCs. In this study, we deeply characterize the OCI-AML8227 culture model, which maintains a functional stemness hierarchy originating from its highly primitive CD34⁺CD38⁻ cells, to elucidate LSC biology and uncover LSC-specific therapeutic vulnerabilities. We analyzed both bulk and single-cell proteomics, transcriptomics, and epigenomics to generate a LSC protein-protein interaction network, which was then integrated with an LSC-focused small molecule screen using this model. From these findings, CDK6 was discovered as a therapeutic vulnerability specific to LSCs, which was validated in findings from the BEAT-AML cohort and a patient-derived xenograft (PDX) panel of AML samples through palbociclib treatment. Taken together, our studies validate CDK6 as a druggable vulnerability in LSCs, and authenticate OCI-AML8227 cells as a LSC target discovery engine.

  Dataset EGAD50000001156

• μSeq: Universal mutation rate quantification via deep sequencing of a single clonal expansion

  We use patient-derived colorectal cancer organoids to introduce µSeq, a universal framework for inferring mutation rates in diverse biological systems. Our approach extracts mutation rates from deep sequencing of single clonal expansions, with a time gain of tenfold or more compared to a mutation-accumulation line, at the cost of three billion read whole-genome sequencing.

  Study EGAS50000001761

• Inter and intra - tumor heterogeneity in Colorectal Cancer

  The dataset consists of two main sample groups. 1) The inter-tumour sample group contains a total of 97 samples from 27 patients. Each patient has a single normal and primary sample as well as one or more metastases. All samples were sequenced using IonTorrent PGM and a custom colorectal cancer (CRC) panel. 2) The intra-tumour sample group contains a total of 68 samples from a single tumour as well as a normal tissue sample. All 68 samples were sequenced using IonTorrent PGM and a custom CRC panel. Shallow whole genome sequencing was additionally applied to 10 of the samples using Illumina HiSeq 4000.

  Dataset EGAD00001003131

• Melanoma_C32_ENU_resistance_to_Combination_Therapy

  This study involves mutagenizing C32, a melanoma cell line, with ENU to identify those mutations which engender resistance to a targeted treatment.

  Study EGAS00001001614

• Melanoma_C32_ENU_Resistance_to_Single_Agent_Therapy

  This study involves mutagenizing C32, a melanoma cell line, with ENU to identify those mutations which engender resistance to a targeted treatment.

  Study EGAS00001001697

• Simultaneous Trimodal Single Cell Measurement of Transcripts, Epitopes, and Chromatin Accessibility Using TEA-Seq

  Single-cell measurements of cellular characteristics have been instrumental in understanding the heterogeneous pathways that drive differentiation, cellular responses to signals, and human disease. Recent advances have allowed paired capture of protein abundance and transcriptomic state, but a lack of epigenetic information in these assays has left a missing link to gene regulation. Using the heterogeneous mixture of cells in human peripheral blood as a test case, we developed a novel scATAC-seq workflow that increases signal-to-noise and allows paired measurement of cell surface markers and chromatin accessibility: Integrated Cellular Indexing of Chromatin Landscape and Epitopes (ICICLE-seq). We extended this approach using a droplet-based multiomics platform to develop a trimodal assay that simultaneously measures Transcriptomics (scRNA-seq), Epitopes, and chromatin Accessibility (scATAC-seq) from thousands of single cells, which we term TEA-seq. Together, these multimodal single-cell assays provide a novel toolkit to identify type-specific gene regulation and expression grounded in phenotypically defined cell types.

  Study phs002316