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• Single_cell_ATAC_sequencing_of_rhabdomyosarcoma_tumour_tissue

  The aim of this study is to investigate the genomic landscape of human cancer.

  Study EGAS00001008283

• Bulk_RNA_sequencing_of_rhabdomyosarcoma_tumour_tissue

  The aim of this study is to investigate the genomic landscape of human cancer.

  Study EGAS00001008278

• Placental_genomics

  The aim of this study is to define the mutational landscape of placentas.

  Study EGAS00001003297

• Single_cell_ATAC_sequencing_of_rhabdomyosarcoma_tumour_tissue

  The aim of this study is to investigate the genomic landscape of human cancer.

  Study EGAS00001008279

• Genetic_factors_underlying_premature_MI_in_Greek_families_without_vessel_disease

  The study will analyse by exome sequencing 8 Greek family members with an excess of potentially damaging mutations relating to premature MI and no vessel disease, to identify genetic factors underlying this condition. This is a follow on from project GPMI-NVD

  Study EGAS00001000478

• Molecular sub-classification of hormone receptor-positive breast cancer

  Patients with estrogen and/or progesterone receptor-positive breast cancer benefit from hormonal treatment, yet high global death burdens due to high prevalence and long-term recurrence risk call for biomarkers to guide additional treatment approaches. From a prospective, observational study of postmenopausal early breast cancer patients treated with tamoxifen or aromatase inhibitors gene expression analyses of 612 tumors was performed using the NanoString® Breast Cancer 360 panel. We identified novel gene expression signatures, i.e. BRCAness and Tumor Inflammation Signature (associated with high tumor lymphocyte infiltration), that may aid to select high-risk patients in order to improve adjuvant treatment by targeting DNA repair deficiency or immune-checkpoints in addition to standard chemo-endocrine treatment. The overall goal is to foster novel concepts for a stratified early breast cancer management.

  Study EGAS00001004594

• RP-1843 Arcagen - Gastrointestinal rare cancers (GI)

  Arcagen is an EORTC/SPECTA pan-European project that aims to recruit 1000 rare cancer patients from different tumour domains of EURACAN. This study collected samples from advanced or metastatic rare cancer from patients older than 12, and analysed them using Foundation Medicine next-generation sequencing (NGS) panels (FoundationOne CDx for FFPE samples or FoundationOne Liquid CDx for blood samples). Here we are submitting two datasets that contain NGS files from gastrointestinal rare cancers (n=119): - Dataset 1 (32 patients): Mesothelioma of the peritoneum (n=21) and Pseudomyxoma peritonei/mucinous adenocarcinoma of the appendix (n=11) - Dataset 2 (87 patients): Intra-hepatic cholangiocarcinoma (n=47), Extra-hepatic, cholangiocarcinoma (n=16), Not specified Cholangiocarcinoma (n=9), Small bowel adenocarcinoma (n=6) and other rare GI cancer (n=9)

  Study EGAS00001006299

• Genomic and transcriptomic analysis of thymic epithelial tumors

  Thymic epithelial tumors (TETs), comprising various histologic types of thymomas and thymic carcinomas, originate from thymic epithelial cells. Each histologic type is typically associated with a distinct immune cell composition and clinical manifestation. A better understanding of the cellular origins and molecular pathways underlying this heterogeneity is needed to improve patient stratification and treatment. Here, we conducted an integrated genomic and transcriptomic analysis of 124 thymomas and 13 thymic carcinomas, including 20 newly sequenced cases combined with 117 cases from publicly available datasets. This approach stratified TETs into three subgroups with different possible origins: GTF2I-mutant (GTF2I-type) thymomas, copy number-altered (CN-type) thymomas, and thymic carcinomas.

  Study EGAS00001004227

• Exploring the heterogeneity of sarcoma using single cell sequencing

  Multi region samples are collected from patients, with consent, immediately after resection of the tumour. Samples are digested and sorted using FACS as single cells into lysis buffer. Cells are then stored until further processing for G&T-seq. After sequencing, we will explore intra-tumour heterogeneity using computational approaches to integrate RNA and DNA data onto the tumour phylogeny This data is part of a pre-publication release. For information on the proper use of pre-publication data shared by the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute (including details of any publication moratoria), please see http://www.sanger.ac.uk/datasharing/ .

  Dataset EGAD00001006786

• Chordoma_Sequencing_Project_Whole_Genome

  This is a continuation of the Chordoma Sequencing Project, prelim #G0175-122-CF. All cancers arise due to somatically acquired abnormalities in DNA sequence. Systematic sequencing of cancer genomes allows acquisition of complete catalogues of all classes of somatic mutation present in cancer. These mutation catalogues will allow identification of the somatically mutated cancer genes that are operative and characterise patterns of somatic mutation that may reflect previous exogenous and endogenous mutagenic exposures. In this application, we aim to perform whole genome sequencing on 10 chordoma matched genome pairs. The Chordoma Foundation will fund the RNA Sequencing/Methylation and SNP6 costs for this project while the whole genome and library sequencing will be covered under the CGP, 2012-2013 core WTSI internal funding. An additional sequencing of three cancer cell lines will be added to this work, financed by the Chordoma Foundation. In this project, the Chordoma foundation will pay for the additional costs of methylation, RNA Seq,

  Study EGAS00001000409

• The molecular basis of inherited reproductive disorders

  The purpose of this study is to discover genetic mutations in patients who have GnRH deficient states. This includes individuals with variant forms of hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, including individuals who have somatic anomalies involving mid-line facial defects, renal agenesis, synkinesia, and ataxia, amongst others.

  Study phs000475

• Pheno-seq profiles of single clonal tumor spheroids derived from a patient with colorectal cancer

  Pheno-seq is a new approach that integrates high-throughput imaging and transcriptomic profiling of clonal spheroids/organoids to dissect functional tumor cell heterogeneity in 3D cell culture systems. The method is based on the iCELL8 technology (TakaraBio) that uses barcoded nanowells and a micro-solenoid valve dispenser. The CRC_spheroid dataset contains demultiplexed RNA-sequencing profiles (FASTQ file format, NextSeq 500) of 95 clonal tumor spheroids derived from a patient with colorectal cancer.

  Dataset EGAD00001004131

• Osteosarcoma WGS on multiple tissue samples from six patients

  Osteosarcoma is a primary bone tumor that exhibits a complex genome characterized by gross chromosomal abnormalities. Osteosarcoma patients often develop metastatic disease, resulting in limited therapeutic options and poor survival rates. To gain knowledge on the mechanisms underlying osteosarcoma heterogeneity and metastatic process, it is important to obtain a detailed profile of the genomic alterations that accompany osteosarcoma progression. Therefore, in this study we performed WGS on multiple tissue samples from six patients with osteosarcoma, including the treatment naïve biopsy of the primary tumor, resection of the primary tumor after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, local recurrence and distant metastases.

  Dataset EGAD50000000475

• Rapid Acceleration of Diagnostics - Digital Health Technologies (RADx-DHT): NIH Digital Health Solutions for COVID-19: Team SAE

  The goal of this project is to develop a smartphone-based platform to monitor and support individuals with COVID-19 symptoms (who may need testing) and those who have already tested positive. The app will integrate a Bluetooth-enabled thermometer and pulse oximeter into an approach uniquely designed for low-resource settings and underserved populations. This project will focus on the American Indian/Alaskan Native (AI/AN) underserved population and will determine the feasibility of the digital health solution to collect symptom survey data and vital data including temperature, pulse, and oxygen saturation level. The complete study will include 300 participants 100% medically underserved with at least 51% from the AI/AN community. A combination of hard and soft data will be collected consisting of vital data, medical history and questionnaire data, and participant COVID-19 viral and antibody testing results collected during the study.DOI: https://rapids.ll.mit.edu/10.57895/wv88-by98

  Study phs002534

• WGS of off-target analysis of base editing in organoids

  Seven clonal organoid lines and one bulk wild-type control sample were paired-end whole-genome sequenced using the Illumina Novaseq 6000 system. We sequenced four clonal intestinal organoid lines harbouring engineered TP53 and FBXW7 mutations as well as three lines targeted for oncogenic APC/TP53/PIK3CA/SMAD4 mutations. The reads were mapped to hg38 genome assembly and data is provided as BAM files.

  Dataset EGAD00001009827

• Pediatric Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma RNA-Seq

  Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common malignancy amongst adolescent and young adult women. Clinical and genomic features of PTC in children differ from those in adults. Historically, a substantial proportion (~50%) of pediatric PTC (PPTC) lack any of the common driver mutations typical of adult PTC. Thus, molecular diagnostics developed for adults may not be valid in children. We applied novel bioinformatic pipelines to RNASeq analysis of pediatric thyroid tumors to identify known and novel fusion oncogenes as drivers of tumorigenesis and to define gene expression patterns among tumors. Analysis of 38 samples resulted in identification of 16 previously reported oncogenic fusions and three novel candidate fusions. In conducting these analyses, we reduced the proportion of cancers with unknown drivers from approximately 50% to 6%. Gene expression analysis identified three distinct categories of tumors. These studies represent the first unbiased genomic approach to childhood PTC. Novel bioinformatic pipeline. GEC Identified 3 distinct classes. DICER1, PTEN segregated with benign tumors. >90% of PPTC carry identifiable ongognic driver variants, however, the landscape differs from that in adults and existing tools for tumor genotyping in adults may not be applicable to pediatric tumors. BACKGROUND: Papillary thyroid carcinoma demonstrates clinically distinct behaviour in pediatric patients when compared to adults, with increased regional and distal metastases, more frequent recurrence, yet overall highly favourable prognosis. Recent tumor genotyping has demonstrated that in pediatric tumors, ***-*** do not carry the most common genomic variants found in adult PTC, leaving a substantial proportion of driver-unknown or “dark matter” tumors. METHODS: We established a cohort of 52 pediatric PTC and performed quantitative-PCR genotyping followed in a subset by whole exome and whole transcriptome (RNASeq) sequencing using a novel, robust bioinformatic pipeline to identify oncogenic fusion transcripts. Gene expression analysis was used to derive distinct clusters. RESULTS: In 52 pediatric PTC, genotyping identified BRAFV600E(21%), NRASQ61R(2%), RET/PTC1 (21%), RET/PTC3 (17%) or PAX8-PPAR in 33 (63%) of tumors. Among the remaining 19 tumors, oncogenic variants were identified in /19 (%). The variants included SNVs in DICER1, ETV6-NTRK3, PTEN and 9 additional oncogenic fusions including two previously-undescribed fusion transcripts, *** and ***. CONCLUSIONS: The genomic landscape of PTC differs between children and adults. In children, there is a substantial fraction of tumors that are unexplained by variants typical of adult PTC. This discrepancy is explained largely by uncommon oncogenic fusions which can be identified by whole-transcriptome analysis.

  Study EGAS00001005182

• Whole exome sequencing (WES) of EBV- primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL)

  This dataset contains whole exome sequencing (WES) of 29 HIV- EBV- primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) tumors and 5 activated B-cell-like PCNSL (ABC-PCNSL) and activated B-cell-like diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (ABC-DLBCL) cell lines (TK, HKBML, OCI-Ly3, HBL-1, TMD-8). Cases with secondary involvement of the CNS were excluded. DNA was extracted with AllPrep DNA/RNA FFPE kit and libraries were prepared using the Agilent SureSelect Human All Exon v6 + UTR kit. Paired end reads were aligned to GRCh37 using bwa mem v.0.7.17, and reads were sorted and duplicated were marked in the final BAM files. Access to this data is controlled. There are a number of steps that a researcher must take to obtain access to this data, including execution of a Data Access Agreement between the institutions. The process is overseen by the Technology Development Office; please contact our general email address TDOadmin@phsa.ca. Please only click the "request data" button on the EGA website after a Data Access Agreement is fully executed.

  Dataset EGAD50000000451

• Real-time response profiling through serial plasma analyses during FOLFOX treatment in patients with colorectal cancer

  Response evaluation of cancer therapeutics relies on the assessment of the change in tumor burden, which is performed in accordance with defined criteria every 8-12 weeks. However, predictive factors for response are not available for the majority of patients with advanced stage colorectal cancer. Here we show that measurement of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) levels during one of the most commonly administered drug regimens, i.e. FOLFOX, allows an early, real-time assessment of treatment response. During the 48-hour FOLFOX application, we serially assessed plasma DNA and observed that ctDNA levels initially decreased during the first 23 hours. In patients with stable disease or partial response, ctDNA levels remained low, whereas in patients with progressive disease, ctDNA levels increased at the end of the treatment cycle predicting clinical and radiologic response correctly. Hence, ctDNA monitoring during treatment may contribute to an early outcome prediction with significant implications for the management of patients.

  Study EGAS00001004213

• Exploiting evolutionary steering in cancer therapy

  Drug resistance, mediated by intra-tumour heterogeneity and clonal evolution, is arguably the biggest problem in cancer therapy today. However, evolving resistance to one drug may come at the cost of increased sensitivity to another due to so-called evolutionary trade-offs. This weakness can be exploited in the clinic using an approach called ‘evolutionary herding’ that aims at controlling the tumour cell population to delay or prevent resistance. However, model systems able to recapitulate cancer evolution experimentally are lacking and current in vitro techniques based on small populations, re-plating and escalating dose, are unsuitable to develop evolutionary herding strategies. We present a novel methodology for evolutionary herding in vitro and ex vivo using patient-derived organoids. Our approach is based on a combination of single-cell barcoding, very large populations of 108-109 cells grown without re-plating, realistic high drug doses, time-course monitoring of cancer clones, and mathematical modelling of tumour evolutionary dynamics. We demonstrate evolutionary herding in non-small cell lung cancer in vitro and in patient-derived colorectal cancer organoids (PDO). We show that herding causes controlled evolutionary bottlenecks that lead to collateral sensitivity. Through genomic analysis, we were also able to determine the mechanisms that drive such sensitivity. Our approach allows modelling evolutionary trade-offs experimentally to test patient-specific evolutionary herding strategies that can be translated into the clinic to control treatment resistance.

  Study EGAS00001003200

• The_evolution_of_CML

  This project aims to investigate the timing of acquistion of key driver events in CML such as the canonical BCR/ABL gene fusion and their clonal trajectories in order determine selection advantage of such clones. Colonies derived from single haematopoietic progenitors will be sequenced as clonal units. This is in line with other work in the Nangalia lab and CASM.

  Study EGAS00001005095

• PacBio data of de novo assembly individual EGYPT

  This is the PacBio long read data used for performing de novo assembly of the EGYPT individual (mapped against GRCh38).

  Dataset EGAD00001006034

• Whole exome sequencing in RVOT patients

  In a patient with right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) tachycardia we identified a heterozygous point mutation in the selectivity filter of the stretch-activated K2P potassium channel TREK-1 (KCNK2 or K2P2.1). This mutation introduces abnormal sodium permeability to TREK-1 In addition, mutant channels exhibit a hypersensitivity to stretch-activation, suggesting that the selectivity filter is directly involved in stretch-induced activation and desensitization. Increased sodium permeability and stretch-sensitivity of mutant TREK-1 channels may trigger arrhythmias in areas of the heart with high physical strain such as the RVOT. We present a pharmacological strategy to rescue the selectivity defect of the TREK-1 pore. Our findings provide important insights for future studies of K2P channel stretch-activation and the role of TREK-1 in mechano-electrical feedback in the heart.

  Study EGAS00001002319

• JAK Inhibitor Withdrawal Causes a Transient Proinflammatory Cascade: A Potential Mechanism for Major Adverse Cardiac Events

  This is a study of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) from salivary glands. The salivary glands were derived from participants who had dry eye or dry mouth symptoms but did not have evidence of systemic autoimmune disease (sicca controls). The aim of the study was to determine the effects of Type I and Type II Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitors (JAKinibs) withdrawal on these cells in vitro. The MSCs were treated in vitro with a) IFN-gamma (10 ng/mL) for the entire duration, b) IFN-gamma (10 ng/mL) and withdrawal of ruxolitinib (1 µM), c) IFN-gamma (10 ng/mL) and withdrawal CHZ-868 (1 µM), and d) IFN-gamma (10 ng/mL) and ruxolitinib (1 µM) for the entire duration. For the drug (CHZ-868 and ruxolitinib) conditions, after IFN-gamma treatment for 48 hours, we washed the cells with PBS and treated them with standard growth media with 0.01% DMSO, 10 ng/mL IFN-gamma + 0.01% DMSO, or 10 ng/mL IFN-gamma + JAKinib for 48 hours. For withdrawal conditions, we washed the cells twice and then treated them with standard growth media with either 0.01% DMSO or with 10 ng/mL IFN-gamma + 0.01% DMSO for 24 hours before harvest.

  Study phs003915

• Center for Common Disease Genomics [CCDG] - Cardiovascular: The Bangladesh Risk of Acute Vascular Events (BRAVE) Study

  The Bangladesh Risk of Acute Vascular Events (BRAVE) study is a hospital-based case-control study in Bangladesh which was established by the Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit of Cambridge University in the UK in partnership with the key local cardiology and research centres to examine environmental, genetic, lifestyle and biochemical determinants of myocardial infarction (MI) among this South Asian population. By the end of 2016, this study has recruited ~8000 clinically confirmed first-ever MI cases (with a significant proportion being early-onset MI), and ~8000 healthy controls frequency-matched by age and sex. This site hosts data from ~500 whole genomes and ~1500 whole exomes (50% cases and 50% controls)

  Study phs001398

• A non-canonical lymphoblast in refractory childhood T-cell leukaemia

  Refractory cancers may arise either through the acquisition of resistance mechanisms or represent distinct disease states. The origin of childhood T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (T-ALL) that does not respond to initial treatment, i.e. refractory disease, is unknown. Refractory T-ALL carries a poor prognosis and cannot be predicted at diagnosis. Here, we perform single cell mRNA sequencing of T-ALL from 58 children (84 samples) who did, or did not respond to initial treatment. We identify a transcriptionally distinctive blast population, exhibiting features of innate-like lymphocytes, as the major source of refractory disease. Evidence of such blasts at diagnosis heralds refractory disease across independent datasets and is associated with survival in a large, contemporary trial cohort. Our findings portray refractory T-ALL as a distinct disease with the potential for immediate clinical utility. This dataset contains 56 single-cell RNA sequencing data files with corresponding single-cell T cell receptor sequencing data files. The data here form the validation cohort in our paper.

  Dataset EGAD00001015673

• Identifying genetic variants that alter TCR usage in the peripheral repertoire

  The relationship between genetic variation and CD8+ T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoire usage in patients receiving Immune Checkpoint Blockade (ICB) therapy for cancer is unexplored. We have conducted a genome-wide and human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-focused analysis of CD8+ T-cell TCR repertoire to identify genetic determinants of variable gene (V-gene) and CDR3 K-mer usage from samples taken prior to and after ICB (n=250). We identify 11 cis and 10 trans V-gene associations, primarily to the MHC, that meet genome-wide significance. TCR clones containing HLA associated V-genes were less stable across treatment, whilst at the single-cell level, genetically associated clones demonstrate subset enrichment and increased tumor reactivity expression profiles. Notably, patients with HLA-matched TCR clones demonstrate improved overall survival. Our work indicates a complex relationship between genotype and TCR repertoire in the context of ICB treatment, with novel implications for understanding factors relating to therapeutic response and patient outcomes.

  Study EGAS00001008189

• Health Professionals Follow-Up Study

  Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS) is a prospective cohort study of men designed to evaluate hypotheses about men’s health related to diet and lifestyle to the incidence of serious illnesses, such as cancer, heart disease, and other vascular diseases. It consisted of 51,529 U.S. male health professionals who were 40-75 years old at baseline in 1986 and completed a mailed six-page baseline questionnaire. Information on age, height and weight, ancestry, medications, disease history, physical activity, lifestyle factors, and diet were gathered, with follow-up questionnaires sent biennially to update information and record health outcomes with every four years to update their diet. This datafile includes responses to the 2016 questionnaire, which is available at: https://cdn1.sph.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/2471/2017/09/16L.pdf

  Study phs002460

• NHLBI TOPMed: Stanford Cardiovascular Institute iPSC Biobank Study (SCVI)

  The proposed Stanford Cardiovascular Institute (SCVI) Biorepository will curate and manage an expanded collection of human induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines and provide investigators with iPSC materials generated using standardized protocols, with the overall objective of promoting the continued adoption and development of iPSC technology in cardiovascular research. Human iPSCs have revolutionized disease modeling, drug screening, and therapeutic research. However, it is also recognized that the need for specialized technical expertise and the associated cost have largely prevented individual research laboratories from adopting iPSC models in their inquiries, particularly in studies requiring multiple cell lines. To address this bottleneck, the proposed Biorepository will maintain our existing collection of iPSC lines and further expand the collection of iPSCs by recruiting 1,000 healthy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) donors of both sexes and diverse racial/ethnic backgrounds (African Americans, Asians, Hispanics, and Whites).

  Study phs002338

• Single molecule molecular inversion probe capture developed using the CIViC database

  This study evaluated the use of the Clinical Interpretations of Variants in Cancer database (CIViC) to develop an Open-sourced CIViC Annotation Pipeline (OpenCAP). OpenCAP is a resource that allows users to develop a clinical capture panel that can be linked back to clinical summaries within the CIViC database. This method for capture panel development and variant annotation was tested using 27 cancer samples from 5 tumor subtypes with original exome or genome sequencing. Specifically, using OpenCAP, 111 variants were identified as relevant for the capture panel and 2,027 smMIPs were designed to target these variants. The smMIPs panel design was employed on all samples to validate the capture panel design. When compared to original sequencing, the CIViC smMIPs capture panel demonstrated a 95% sensitivity for variant detection (n = 61 variants). Additionally, the CIViC smMIPs capture panel identified 182 additional clinically relevant variants that had been missed on original sequencing.

  Study phs001890

• Genetic landscape of Early T-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukaemia

  Early T-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ETP ALL) is an aggressive malignancy of unknown genetic basis. We performed whole-genome sequencing of 12 ETP ALL cases and assessed the frequency of the identified somatic mutations in 94 T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia cases. ETP ALL was characterized by activating mutations in genes regulating cytokine receptor and RAS signalling (67% of cases; NRAS, KRAS, FLT3, IL7R, JAK3, JAK1, SH2B3 and BRAF), inactivating lesions disrupting haematopoietic development (58%; GATA3, ETV6, RUNX1, IKZF1 and EP300) and histone-modifying genes (48%; EZH2, EED, SUZ12, SETD2 and EP300). We also identified new targets of recurrent mutation including DNM2, ECT2L and RELN. The mutational spectrum is similar to myeloid tumours, and moreover, the global transcriptional profile of ETP ALL was similar to that of normal and myeloid leukaemia haematopoietic stem cells. These findings suggest that addition of myeloid-directed therapies might improve the poor outcome of ETP ALL.

  Study EGAS00001000348

• Single_cell_RNA_sequencing_of_rhabdomyosarcoma_tumouroids

  The aim of this study is to investigate the genomic landscape of human cancer.

  Study EGAS00001008273

• Single_cell_RNA_sequencing_of_rhabdomyosarcoma_tumour_tissue

  The aim of this study is to investigate the genomic landscape of human cancer.

  Study EGAS00001008275

• Childhood_arthritis_DNA

  The aim of this study is to describe the transcriptome of single arthritic cells.

  Study EGAS00001002652

• Single_cell_ATAC_sequencing_of_rhabdomyosarcoma_tumour_tissue

  The aim of this study is to investigate the genomic landscape of human cancer.

  Study EGAS00001008276

• Cergentis FFPE-TLC sequencing of colorectal carcinoma

  In this study, formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded targeted locus capture (FFPE-TLC) sequencing is used as a novel technology for targeted detection of tumor-specific genomic structural variants (SVs) in the primary tumor of 29 colorectal cancer patients with metastatic disease. The tumor region was macrodissected and sequenced for 29 patients, and the "normal" region of the same slide was macrodissected and sequenced for 8 of these patients. SVs were found in the common fragile site (CFS)-associated genes MACROD2, PRKN, FHIT and WWOX as well as SVs caused by three LINE transposable elements. Tumor-specificity of selected SVs was independently verified by droplet digital PCR of tumor tissue DNA and their applicability as plasma circulating tumor DNA biomarkers was demonstrated. This dataset contains the hg19 reference alignment of the FFPE-TLC sequences for all 29 colorectal cancers and 8 adjacent normals.

  Dataset EGAD50000000618

• Acral Melanoma PDXs from the admixed Brazilian Population- Tumour RNA expression data - htseq count files

  Files containing the read counts obtained with obtained with HTSeq for all the genes in Ensembl v103 annotation for GRCh38 human reference genome. This dataset contains the files for all Tumour samples. Acral melanoma (AM) is an aggressive melanoma subtype with limited therapeutic options and poor outcomes. In non-European descent and admixed populations, like in Latin America, it can account for a significant proportion of cutaneous melanoma cases. Here, we performed comprehensive genomic and functional profiling of AM from a uniquely diverse Brazilian cohort. Whole-exome and transcriptome sequencing was performed on both tumours and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) samples. The PDX were obtained from a comprehensive collection of patient-derived xenograft (AM-PDX) models that we established which faithfully retained the histopathological and genomic features of the original tumours.

  Dataset EGAD00001015745

• Mucosal Melanoma Targeted Exome Sequencing Study (UCSF)

  Mucosal melanoma is a deadly disease that carries the worst prognosis amongst subtypes of melanoma. Like all melanomas, mucosal melanomas are frequently driven by activating mutations in the MAPK and/or PI3K pathways; however, unlike melanomas that arise on sun-exposed skin, mucosal melanomas harbor few point mutations. Instead, most somatic alterations involve structural alterations, which appear early during tumor progression. Molecular studies in mucosal melanoma generally only profile point mutations without interrogating copy number alterations, and pathogenic mutations are only found in 30% of cases. We sequenced 38 mucosal melanomas, and in addition to profiling point mutations, we looked for copy number alterations that amplify oncogenes or delete tumor suppressors.

  Study phs001594

• Amplicon sequencing of various tumors

  In our previous studies on advanced esophageal, gastric, and colorectal carcinomas, measurement of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in terms of variant allele frequency (VAF) in blood suggested: (1) patients with high VAF have a high chance of relapse; (2) VAF changes in response to treatment; and (3) ctDNA VAF elevation precedes imaging diagnosis of relapse. It is thus necessary to investigate whether these findings can be generalized in a wide cancer spectrum, types of treatment, and relapse phenotypes across cancer types. In the present study, we conduct a non-interventional observational study in a wide cancer spectrum on the basis of technical establishment for ctDNA using our unique digital PCR probe library.

  Study JGAS000366

• Analysis of four key cell types (epithelial, fbroblast, myeloid and T cells)

  Alterations of the normal prostate epithelial cell genome trigger the emergence of carcinoma, however cancer-only analyses of genomic aberrations have resulted in little clinical translation. A deep understanding of the tumor microenvironment is likely to inform on key drivers of disease progression and novel therapeutic opportunities. We investigated the role of key cell types along disease progression, profiling the RNA abundance of 52 samples from 13 patients enriched for one of four key cell types, spanning a wide CAPRA-S risk score range. Using a novel differential transcription Bayes method, TABI, we avoided a priori patient stratification, and mapped transcriptional alteration events to specific risk scores. The developmental and cell-type resolution yielded a landscape of concurrent transcriptional alterations from the tumour microenvironment, including key hallmarks. These transcriptional signatures permitted the identification of a “high survival” patient cluster in an independent prostate cancer dataset. Most importantly, together with our integrated transcriptional analysis, differential tissue composition analysis provided evidence for a key role for monocytes and macrophages in prostate cancer progression and disease recurrence.

  Study EGAS00001003579

• Epigenome mapping in purified cells of the digestive and urogenital organs: Participation in International Human Epigenome Consortium (IHEC) (RNA-Seq)

  The aim of this study is to participate in International Human Epigenome Consortium (IHEC, http://ihec-epigenomes.org/), through disclosure of quality epigenome profiles of various normal cell lineages and diseased cells purified from surgically resected materials of multiple Japanese people.

  Study JGAS000028

• Epigenome mapping in purified cells of the digestive and urogenital organs: Participation in International Human Epigenome Consortium (IHEC) (WGBS)

  The aim of this study is to participate in International Human Epigenome Consortium (IHEC, http://ihec-epigenomes.org/), through disclosure of quality epigenome profiles of various normal cell lineages and diseased cells purified from surgically resected materials of multiple Japanese people.

  Study JGAS000026

• Epigenome mapping in purified cells of the digestive and urogenital organs: Participation in International Human Epigenome Consortium (IHEC) (ChIP-seq)

  The aim of this study is to participate in International Human Epigenome Consortium (IHEC, http://ihec-epigenomes.org/), through disclosure of quality epigenome profiles of various normal cell lineages and diseased cells purified from surgically resected materials of multiple Japanese people.

  Study JGAS000027

• DNA methylation atlas of normal human cell types

  DNA methylation is a fundamental epigenetic mark that governs chromatin organization, cell identity, and gene expression. Here we describe a human methylome atlas, based on deep whole-genome bisulfite sequencing allowing fragment-level analysis across thousands of unique markers for 39 cell types sorted from 205 healthy tissue samples. Replicates of the same cell-type are >99.5% identical, demonstrating robustness of cell identity programs to genetic variation and environmental perturbation. Unsupervised clustering of the atlas recapitulates key elements of tissue ontogeny, and identifies methylation patterns retained since gastrulation. Loci uniquely unmethylated in an individual cell type often reside in transcriptional enhancers and contain DNA binding sites for tissue-specific transcriptional regulators. Uniquely hyper-methylated loci are rare and are enriched for CpG islands, polycomb targets, and CTCF binding sites, suggesting a novel role in shaping cell type-specific chromatin looping. The atlas provides an essential resource for interpretation of disease-associated genetic variants, and a wealth of potential tissue-specific biomarkers for use in liquid biopsies.

  Study EGAS00001006791

• Deep Sequencing Studies for Cannabis and Stimulant Dependence

  Cannabis and stimulants are among the most widely used illicit drug in the United States, and their use is associated with substantial physical and psychiatric sequelae. Twin studies have shown a substantial genetic component to the etiology of cannabis and stimulant use disorders, but, genome-wide association studies using genotype data obtained from microarrays have yielded few robust results. The advent of increasingly economical whole genome sequencing provides new opportunities to identify trait-associated sequence variations. The present study proposes to identify sequence variants that affect stimulant and cannabis dependence in three cohorts. The three study cohorts were ascertained as part of the Mission Indian Study (PI Cindy Ehlers), the combined Yale-University of Connecticut Addiction Study samples (PI Joel Gelernter) and the San Francisco Family Study (PI Kirk Wilhelmsen). Because three populations with different continental origins were studied, the present study will also ascertain whether the major genetic risk factors for the traits of interest are shared or population-specific.

  Study phs001458

• RNAseq and ATACseq on HGSC lines, pre- and post-treatment with an epigenetic drug

  This study looked to determine changes in gene expression and chromatin accessibility of five HGSC cell lines, following treatment with a novel epigenetic drug. The epigenetic drug, HKMTi-1-005, is a compound with dual activity against H3K27 and H3K9 methylation. The cell lines used were PEO1, PEO4, PEA2, OVCAR5, OVCAR8.

  Study EGAS50000000047

• cfRRBS on cfDNA from pediatric cancer

  In the clinical management of pediatric solid tumors, histological examination of tumor tissue obtained by a biopsy remains the gold standard to establish a conclusive pathological diagnosis. The DNA methylation pattern of a tumor is known to correlate with the histopathological diagnosis across cancer types and is showing promise in the diagnostic workup of tumor samples. This methylation pattern can be detected in the cell-free DNA. Here, we provide proof-of-concept of histopathologic classification of pediatric tumors using cell-free reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (cf-RRBS) from retrospectively collected plasma and cerebrospinal fluid samples. We determined the correct tumor type in 49 out of 60 (81.6%) samples starting from minute amounts (less than 10 ng) of cell-free DNA. We demonstrate that the majority of misclassifications were associated with sample quality and not with the extent of disease. Our approach has the potential to help tackle some of the remaining diagnostic challenges in pediatric oncology in a cost-effective and minimally invasive manner.

  Study EGAS00001004194

• cfDNA analysis reveals relation of POLR1D amplification to bevacizumab resistance in colorectal cancer patients

  Bevacizumab is an approved anti-angiogenic drug for patients with metastasized colorectal cancer (mCRC) targeting VEGF. The survival benefit of anti-VEGF therapy in mCRC patients is limited to a few months and acquired resistance mechanisms are greatly unknown. Using plasma DNA, we studied the evolution of tumor genomes in a cohort of patients with mCRC (n=150) and observed a recurrent focal amplification (8.7% of cases) on chromosome 13q12.2. Analysis of TCGA data (n=619) suggested an association with later stages, which we confirmed by longitudinal plasma analyses. We defined the minimally amplified region and studied the mechanistic consequences of copy number gain of the involved genes. The amplification of one gene, POLR1D, impacted cell proliferation, resulting in upregulation of VEGFA, an important regulator of angiogenesis which has been implicated in the resistance to bevacizumab. In several patients, we observed the emergence of this 13q12.2 amplicon under bevacizumab treatment, which was invariably associated with evolution of therapy resistance. Hence, we describe a novel resistance mechanism against a widely applied treatment in mCRC patients which will impact clinical management .

  Dataset EGAD00001005761

• Emory University African American Vaginal, Oral, and Gut Microbiome in Pregnancy Cohort Study

  The Emory University African American Microbiome in Pregnancy Cohort Study prospectively enrolls African American women between 18-40 years of age without chronic medical conditions into a longitudinal follow-up study that involves completing microbiome sampling and data collection at two time points in pregnancy (8-14 weeks gestation and 24-30 weeks gestation). The study is investigating the role of the oral, vaginal, and gut microbiome on preterm birth and other pregnancy outcomes as well as biobehavioral factors that shape the microbiome among this socio-demographically diverse group of women. Microbiome sampling involves the oral, vaginal, and gut sites. Biobehavioral factors that are being explored for their association with microbiome composition at the three body sites include measures of sociodemographic status as well as diet and nutrition, infectious and stress exposures.

  Study phs001865

• Atypical B cells and impaired SARS-CoV-2 neutralisation following heterologous vaccination in the elderly

  Age is a major risk factor for hospitalization and death after SARS-CoV-2 infection, even in vaccinees. Suboptimal responses to a primary vaccination course have been reported in the elderly, but there is little information regarding the impact of age on responses to booster third doses. Here we show that individuals 70 or older who received a primary two dose schedule with AZD1222 and booster third dose with mRNA vaccine achieved significantly lower neutralizing antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 spike pseudotyped virus compared to those below 70 at one month post booster. Neither the concentration of serum binding anti spike IgG antibody, nor the frequency of spike- specific B cells showed differences by age grouping. Impaired neutralization potency and breadth post-third dose in the elderly was associated with enrichment of circulating “atypical” spike-specific B cells expressing CD11c and FCRL5. Presence of these atypical B cells was confirmed by scRNA seq. However, when considering individuals who received three doses of mRNA vaccine, we did not observe statistically significant differences in neutralization or enrichment in atypical B cells by age grouping following dose 3. Together, our data reveal impaired neutralising antibody responses in the elderly after heterologous vaccination with AdV followed by mRNA booster dose, but not in homologous three dose mRNA vaccination highlighting that different vaccine formats differentially instruct the memory B cell response.

  Study EGAS00001007385

• Whole Blood Transcriptomics of Patients With Melioidosis

  Melioidosis is a neglected tropical infection caused by the Gram negative bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei that is associated with high mortality rates in southeast Asia. The goal of this study was to a) identify human blood leukocyte transcriptomic features and pathways specific to melioidosis (vs other etiologies of infection), b) identify transcriptomic features and pathways specific to fatal melioidosis, and c) identify transcriptomic predictors of death in patients with melioidosis. This study used clinical data and whole blood leukocyte samples from a subset of participants in the Ubon Sepsis Study, a prospective single-center cohort study conducted at Sunpasitthiprasong Hospital, Ubon Ratchathani, Thailand between 2013 and 2017. Participants in the Ubon Sepsis Study had suspected or documented infection with accompanying systemic manifestations of infection and were enrolled, with blood sampling, within 24 hours of admission to the study hospital. Enrolled patients were followed over time and vital status was determined at 28 days after enrollment. The subset of participants from the parent Ubon Sepsis Study cohort selected for this study was comprised of 164 patients with melioidosis (defined as having a culture of clinical sample positive for B. pseudomallei), 35 patients with Gram negative bacteremia due to either Escherichia coli or Klebsiella pneumoniae, 16 patients with Gram positive bacteremia due to Staphylococcus aureus, and 19 patients who had negative blood cultures and no clinical sample culture-positive for B. pseudomallei. Fifty uninfected control patients with or without diabetes were recruited from the outpatient department and blood donation center at Udon Thani hospital, Udon Thani, Thailand from 2018 to 2019. Blood was collected at the time of enrollment in Tempus Blood RNA tubes. RNA was extracted using the Tempus Spin RNA Isolation kit. RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) was performed at the University of Washington Northwest Genomics Center. Analysis was performed using a variety of statistical methods. The main finding of the study was that the transcriptomes of melioidosis patients, compared to patients with other infections, were characterized by upregulation of interferon signaling. The transcriptomes of patients with fatal melioidosis were notable for upregulation of inflammatory and type 2 immune responses and downregulation of genes related to T-cell function. A five-gene (EPHB1, SYCP2L, MERTK, IL5RA, and SPOCK1) predictive signature for death in melioidosis was developed.

  Study phs003724