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• WES data from tumors and matching controls collected from 11 UTSW translocation renal cell carcinoma (tRCC) patients.

  This study investigates the progression of translocation renal cell carcinoma (tRCC) based on Whole Exome Sequencing (WES) data from 11 patients. The samples were collected from affiliated hospitals of the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (UTSW), including Parkland Hospital and Children’s Medical Center. Tumor samples and their matched normal DNA were sequenced on the Illumina platform.

  Study EGAS50000000126

• Inherited genetic predisposition to childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia investigated using a genome wide association study.

  This series consists of summary data generated from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) investigating inherited genetic risk to childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The GWAS comprised 784 cases recruited to the Medical Research Council UK ALL-2003 and ALL-97/99 trials and 7,385 controls. The data describe SNPtest association statistics from the case-control analysis.

  Study EGAS00001002809

• Exome_Sequencing_of_Poor_Prognosis_Acute_Myeloid_Leukaemia

  We plan to sequence the exomes of 4 AML cases (tumour and germline) in an effort to discover new mutations in this disease that could improve our understanding of leukaemogenesis and guide the development of new targeted therapies. The Sanger Institute will sequence the exomes of 4 Acute Myeloid Leukaemia cases including tumour and germline DNA so that somatically-acquired, AML-specific mutations can be accurately designated.

  Study EGAS00001000146

• Mapping of runs back to samples for snRNASeq data

  Mapping of runs back to samples for PDN, PDO and TIS snRNASeq data. 4 sets of matched PDN, PDO and TIS samples (12 unique samples total) underwent pooled snRNASeq (Parse Biosciences). 2 sublibraries were created from this and sequenced at separate times

  Dataset EGAD00001015609

• WGS of gastric cancer in the Japanese population (81 gastric cancers of NCC)

  As a contribution to The International Cancer Genome Consortium Accelerating Research in Genomic Oncology (ICGC ARGO), whole-genome sequencing of 81 cases from Japanese gastric cancer with various histological subtypes has been conducted. This study aims to reveal the landscape of structural variants (SV) in gastric cancer and analyze mutational and rearrangement signatures simultaneously

  Study EGAS00001006051

• Raw RNA sequencing of hepatoblastoma PDX cell line HB-303-LEF

  This dataset contains raw RNA sequencing data for hepatoblastoma PDX cell line HB-303-LEF

  Dataset EGAD50000001358

• Genotyping data of 81 patients with multiple sclerosis and other neurological diseases

  This dataset consists of raw unimputed genotype data for 81 individuals with multiple sclerosis (n=33) and other neurological disease (n=48).

  Dataset EGAD50000000183

• RNA-seq data for HCC patients from Y90+Nivolumab trial

  This dataset includes RNA-seq fastq files of pre-treatment and on-treatment samples from 28 patients

  Dataset EGAD00001010132

• CBD-RAW-CLINVAR: Clinical metadata

  Anonymised patient metadata and associated data dictionary. For further information regarding this dataset, please contact Alexander Mentzer at contact@combat.ox.ac.uk.

  Dataset EGAD00001007931

• RNA-seq data of LMS tumors

  This dataset contains paired fastq files for LMS tumor samples

  Dataset EGAD00001003828

• Reference single cell SNP array dataset from Coriell for training and validation of method for accurate single cell genotyping

  This dataset contains DNA from B-lymphocytes from 2 Coriell families and 4 individuals hybridized to HumanKaryomap BeadChip Array. Single cells from subjects GM12878 and GM7228 were amplified using multiple displacement amplification (SureMDA) according to Infium Karyomapping Assay Guide. Bulk DNA was processed and hybridized to an array for subject GM12878, GM07224 and GM07225.

  Dataset EGAD00001006376

• Clinical and Genetic Evaluation of Individuals with Undiagnosed Disorders through the Undiagnosed Diseases Network (UDN)

  The National Human Genome Research Institute and the NIH Clinical Center established the intramural Undiagnosed Diseases Program (UDP) in 2008 to make progress in uncovering, understanding, and treating rare disorders. Based on the success of the UDP, the NIH Common Fund established the Undiagnosed Diseases Network (UDN) in FY 2013 (Phase I, 9/16/2015-8/31/2018) to achieve this type of cross-disciplinary approach to disease diagnosis in academic medical centers around the United States. The NIH Common Fund expanded the network in 2018 (Phase II, 9/1/2018-6/20/2023) to increase the availability of diagnostic services, foster opportunities for collaboration between laboratory and clinical investigators, provide resulting data and protocols to the broader community, and assess development of a sustainable national resource after Common Fund support ends. The UDN transitioned from Common Fund in 2023. The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) will oversee the Network in Phase III, which launched in July 2023, with help from 17 different NIH Institutes and Centers along with the NIH Office of the Director. With help from patients, family members, patient advocacy groups, a Data Management and Coordinating Center (DMCC), several Clinical Sites, and other stakeholders, the NIH envisions the UDN evolving into a larger, diverse, and self-sustained network that fosters scientific discovery and provides expert diagnostic services for undiagnosed patients across the nation. The overarching goals of the UDN in Phase III include: Continuing the proven success of the UDN in improving the clinical evaluation of difficult-to-diagnose patients using a collaborative team approach and investigating and validating promising new diagnostic technologies. Facilitating research into the etiology of undiagnosed diseases by collecting and sharing standardized, high-quality clinical and laboratory data including genotyping, phenotyping, and documentation of environmental exposures. Promoting a broader integrated and collaborative community across multiple Clinical Sites and among laboratory and clinical investigators prepared to investigate the genetic, pathophysiologic, cell biologic, and molecular mechanisms underpinning these difficult-to-diagnose conditions.

  Study phs001232

• Transcriptomic Profiles of Neoantigen-Reactive T Cells in Human Gastrointestinal Cancers

  This study explores the transcriptomic profiles of neoantigen-reactive tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) from human bile duct and pancreatic cancer. The submitted data are bulk tumor RNA-Seq, tumor and germline whole-exome sequencing from 10 patients, and single cell RNA-Seq data from TIL of 5 of these patients.

  Study phs002765

• CXCR4 induces memory formation over exhaustion in CAR-T cells to achieve durable leukemia targeting

  This project focuses on acute myeloid leukemia and the development of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy. We investigated how enforced expression of the chemokine receptor CXCR4 promotes memory acquisition and long-term persistence of CAR-T cells, thereby enhancing their therapeutic efficacy and durability against leukemia.

  Study JGAS000848

• RNA-sequence analysis in patients with inclusion body myositis

  This study aimed to elucidate the molecular features of inclusion body myositis (IBM). We performed RNA sequencing analysis of muscle biopsy samples from myositis patients with the pathological finding of CD8-positive T cells invading non-necrotic muscle fibers expressing major histocompatibility complex class I (IBM, polymyositis, and unclassifiable myositis), and controls.

  Study JGAS000068

• T-cell receptor repertoire profiling (PBMC)

  This study assessed the TCR repertoire in peripheral blood from patients before, during and after neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy. TCR beta chain sequences in RNA from peripheral blood were amplified with the OncomineTM long read assay, templated and sequenced. TCR metrics such as clonality, evenness and diversity were assessed in relation with response metrics.

  Study EGAS50000001137

• T-cell receptor repertoire profiling (FFPE tissue)

  This study assessed the TCR repertoire in tumor tissue from NSCLC patients before, during and after neoadjuvant chemoimmunotherapy. TCR beta chain sequences in RNA from FFPE tissue were amplified with the OncomineTM short read assay, templated and sequenced. TCR metrics such as clonality, evenness and diversity were assessed in relation with response metrics.

  Study EGAS50000001138

• B Cell Receptor Study From Early Breast Cancer Tumour Samples

  B and T cells are key components of the adaptive immune system and play an important role in anti-cancer immunity. In this study, we performed an integrative analysis of the B cell and T cell repertoires across 25 serial breast tumour biopsies from 10 patients during neoadjuvant therapy.

  Study EGAS50000000241

• Dataset of DNA methylation profiles of 189 pediatric central nervous system, soft tissue, and bone tumors

  The research of CNS tumors brought knowledge about the role of epigenetics in these tumors. Certain subgroups of tumors are defined solely by their epigenetic profiles. In this study we carried on epigenetic profiling using targeted methylation sequencing of aproximately 180 pediatric CNS and Sarcoma tumor samples.

  Study EGAS50000000051

• Lung cancer Early Molecular Assessment

  This study aimed to validate the potential utility of a clinically accessible, highly sensitive tumor-informed circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) assay. The study considers a ‘landmark’ time period (between two weeks and four months after definitive treatment), as well as longitudinal sampling (>2 weeks) and compares two independent, retrospectively collected real-world cohorts.

  Study EGAS50000000896

• ScDNAseq in pediatric UBA1-mutated MDS

  This study investigates clonal architecture in the first pediatric MDS case with somatic UBA1 mutation, and tracks clonal dynamics during CPX-351 therapy. Single-cell DNA and Protein libraries from bone marrow mononuclear cells from Diagnosis and post-CPX-351 cycle #1 were sequenced on Illumina platforms and analyzed on the Tapestri pipeline.

  Study EGAS50000001651

• Breast_Cancer_Sequential_Sampling_Targeted_Capture

  This study aims to target capture sequence regions of interest from DNA derived from breast cancer patients who received neo-adjuvant chemotherapy. All patients had multiple biopsies performed before chemotherapy. Patients who had residual disease after the course of treatment underwent a further biopsy. We aim to characterise the mutations involved.

  Study EGAS00001000596

• X10_sequencing_of_Oesophageal_Adenocarcinoma_Organoids

  X10 Sequencing of 5 patient derived organoid cell models. Each model was derived from a piece of patient tumour taken following surgical resection of the tumour. All model derivations took place with the CGaP facility in Sanger. This PacBio data will be combined with other sequencing data in order to generate accurate reference cancer genomes.

  Study EGAS00001003264

• Duplex sequencing of selected breast cancer patients

  This study assessed the variant profiles of 22 samples from 11 breast cancer patients with adverse survival outcomes, including paired uninvolved mammary gland samples collected at various distances from primary lesions. Ultra-deep sequencing was performed to identify the presence of low-frequency pathogenic post-zygotic variants in PIK3CA and TP53 genes.

  Study EGAS50000000538

• Lymphocyte_LCM_WGS

  Using whole genome sequencing of lymphocytes excised from human tissue using laser capture microscopy (LCM), we identify the mutations arising in these microenvironments. This work will contribute towards developing a catalogue of mutations present in tissue resident lymphocytes across a range of tissues, and will characterize the mutational signatures that result from each microenvironment.

  Study EGAS00001003384

• Molecular profiles and urinary biomarkers of upper tract urothelial carcinomas associated with aristolochic acid exposure

  This study present a molecular analysis of upper urinary tract urothelial tumours (UTUC) and urines of patients with past exposure to carcinogenic aristolochic acid (AA). Tumor exome and transcriptome sequencing revealed the AA-specific mutations in UTUC and identified deleterious mutations at both the gene and transcript levels.

  Study EGAS00001005363

• WGBS analysis corresponding to representative cases of iBCP-ALL patients

  In this study, we performed whole genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) to characterize the methylome of representative iBCP-ALL cases from the Interfant study discovery cohort, including 2 pools of B-cell progenitors from healthy donors, 2 MLL-AF4+, 2 MLL-AF9+ and 2 non-MLLs from iBCP-ALL patients.

  Study EGAS00001003650

• Oesophageal_Adenocarcinoma_Organoid_10x

  10x Sequencing of 6 patient derived organoid cell models. Each model was derived from a piece of patient tumour taken following surgical rescetion of the tumour. All model derivations took place with the CGaP facility in Sanger. This 10x data will be combined with other sequencing data in order to generate accurate reference cancer genomes.

  Study EGAS00001003191

• Oesophageal_Adenocarcinoma_Organoid_PacBio

  PacBio Sequencing of 6 patient derived organoid cell models. Each model was derived from a piece of patient tumour taken following surgical resection of the tumour. All model derivations took place with the CGaP facility in Sanger. This PacBio data will be combined with other sequencing data in order to generate accurate reference cancer genomes.

  Study EGAS00001007163

• Tyrol Lifestyle Atlas: Intermittent Fasting Methylation Data

  This study explored methylation, clinical, and other molecular alterations longitudinally over the course of intermittent fasting in healthy women aged 30 to 60. Here, we present methylation data from three matched sample types - buccal, cervical, and blood - longitudinally over the course of six months (baseline, month 2, month 4, and month 6).

  Study EGAS00001007840

• Tyrol Lifestyle Atlas: Smoking Cessation Methylation Data

  This study explored methylation, clinical, and other molecular alterations longitudinally over the course of smoking cessatio in healthy women aged 30 to 60. Here, we present methylation data from three matched sample types - buccal, cervical, and blood - longitudinally over the course of six months (baseline, month 2, month 4, and month 6).

  Study EGAS00001007841

• This dataset contains WES data 5 patients and WGS data of 1 patient with Lynch Syndrome from the INFORM registry.

  This dataset contains paired whole exome sequence data of 5 patients (control/tumor pairs) and paired whole genome sequencing data of 1 patient (control/tumor pair) with Lynch Syndrome from the INFORM registry. Paired sequencing was done mostly on Illumina HiSeq 4000, few on HiSeq2500 and NovaSeq 6000. The library preparation was either with Agilent SureSelect Human_All_Exon V5 (hg19) or with Agilent SureSelectXT HS Human_All_Exon V7 (hg19). The WGS samples were prepared with Agilent SureSelect WGS.

  Dataset EGAD00001011098

• Target bisulfite sequencing of endometrial cancer

  This study aims to investigate epigenetic alterations in the HLA-A locus in endometrial cancer. Targeted bisulfite sequencing was performed to evaluate DNA methylation status of the HLA-A region in a cohort of endometrial cancer samples. The resulting data were used to assess the association between HLA-A methylation and tumor immune microenvironment. These findings contribute to understanding the role of epigenetic regulation of antigen presentation in endometrial cancer.

  Study JGAS000897

• single cell RNA-seq of small cell lung cancer circulating tumor cells

  This study investigated the transcriptomic profile of circulating tumor cells from three small cell lung cancer patients. CTCs were enriched from the blood of three SCLC patients using the CTC-iChip followed by magnetic depletion of RBCs. The enriched samples were processed with the 10x Genomics Chromium platform (Chromium GEM-X Single Cell 3' Kit v4) and sequenced on a NextSeq 2000 system.

  Study EGAS50000001401

• Japan PBC-GWAS Haplotype Study

  Primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) susceptibility loci have largely been discovered through single SNP association testing. In this study, we report genic haplotype patterns associated with PBC risk genome-wide in two Japanese cohorts. Among the 74 genic PBC risk haplotype candidates we detected with a novel methodological approach in a discovery cohort of 1,937 Japanese, nearly two-thirds were replicated (49 haplotypes, Bonferroni-corrected P<6.8x10-4) in an independent Japanese cohort (N=949). Along with corroborating known PBC-associated loci (TNFSF15, HLA-DRA), risk haplotypes may potentially model cis-interactions that regulate gene expression. For example, one replicated haplotype association (9q32-9q33.1, OR=1.7, P=3.0x10-21) consists of intergenic SNPs outside of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region that overlap regulatory histone mark peaks in liver and blood cells, and are significantly associated with TNFSF8 expression in whole blood. We also replicated a novel haplotype association involving non-HLA SNPs mapped to UMAD1 (7p21.3; OR=15.2, P=3.9x10-9) that overlap enhancer peaks in liver and memory Th cells. Our analysis demonstrates the utility of haplotype association analyses in discovering and characterizing PBC susceptibility loci.

  Study EGAS00001002915

• Exome Recapture and Sequencing of Prospectively Characterized Clinical Specimens From Cancer Patients

  The study cohort comprises samples from patients whose tumors have been prospectively characterized as part of their care at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center. This includes a variety of distinct tumor type and molecular subtypes.

  Study phs001783

• Genomic characterization of NUT midline carcinoma

  In this study, we sequenced two NUT midline carcinoma genomes. Analysis of rearrangement breakpoint provided information on the generating event of BRD-NUT rearrangements. Mutational signature analysis also revealed biological process during tumorigenesis of NUT midline carcinomas.

  Study EGAS00001001934

• Brazilian Genomes

  We generated 2,723 high-coverage whole-genome sequences of Brazilian population from the country’s five geographical regions. This diverse group encompasses individuals from urban and rural settings (including riverine communities) and represents various ethnic backgrounds, including Afro-Brazilians.

  Study EGAS50000000730

• Genomic Rearrangements in Pediatric Cancer

  This study contains a collection of samples used to determine the role and impact of genomic rearrangements in a pan cancer pediatric cohort.

  Study EGAS00001005312

• Genomic profiling of subcutaneous patient derived xenograft models of solid childhood cancer

  The pediatric cancer cohort in this study included 70 PDX models from 65 different individuals. This cohort included a total of 16 different pediatric solid tumor subtypes, including fourteen Wilms tumors, thirteen hepatoblastomas, thirteen osteosarcomas, ten germ cell tumors, four neuroblastomas, three clear cell sarcomas, two adrenal cortical carcinomas, two leydig cell tumors, two medulloblastomas, one embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS), one Ewing sarcoma, one pleomorphic sarcoma, one adenocarcinoma, one glioblastoma, one mesothelioma and one ovarian tumor. Notably, we have five samples with multiple PDX models from same patient, including two cases with duplicates (564 and 564-Dup, 1796 and 1796-Dup), one case with two different metastasis (560-SM, 560-LM), one case with two blocks from same tumor (1939 and 1939-Dup), and one case with different primary tumor from same patient (2264 and 1932). We have a total of 353 sequencing data, including 82 RNA sequencing data (RNA-seq), 138 whole-exome sequencing (WES) and 135 low-pass whole-genome sequencing (WGS). For RNA-seq data, we have 61 PDXs and 21 PTs; for WES, we have 67 PDXs, 30 PTs and 40 matched normal germlines; for WGS, we have 64 PDXs, 30 PTs and 40 matched normal germlines. Of which, 19 PT-PDX paired RNA-seq, 28 paired PT-PDX paired WES and WGS were included.

  Dataset EGAD00001009863

• Whole genome sequencing of retinoblastoma reveals the diversity of rearrangements disrupting RB1 and uncovers a treatment related mutational signature

  Background: The development of retinoblastoma is thought to require pathological genetic changes in both alleles of the RB1 gene. However, cases exist where RB1 mutations are undetectable suggesting alternative pathways to malignancy. Methods: We applied comprehensive whole genome sequencing (WGS) and transcriptomics to sporadic retinoblastomas derived from twenty patients attending our clinic, contrasting these results to that obtained through customary clinical testing. We sought RB1 and other driver mutations, investigated mutation burden, mutational signatures and phylogenetic relatedness in one case of bilateral retinoblastoma. Results: At least one RB1 mutation was identified in all retinoblastomas. We confirmed RB1 mutations previously identified by clinical screening, identified three new RB1 mutations and provided clarity to the mechanism behind a further six mutations. Eight tumours carried structural rearrangements involving RB1 ranging from relatively simple to extremely complex rearrangement patterns, including a chromothripsis-like pattern in one tumour. Potential driver mutations included mutations in BCOR (5/20) and amplification of MYCN (2/20) and MDM4 (1/20). We show that RB1 mutations are not mutually exclusive of MYCN amplifications, and further reveal that all tumours demonstrate increased MYCN expression suggesting a universal role in retinoblastoma tumorigenesis.  Bilateral tumours obtained from one patient harboured conserved germline but divergent somatic RB1 mutations, indicating independent evolution. In-keeping with previous WGS of paediatric cancers, the mutation burden in retinoblastomas was extremely low. Mutational signature analysis showed a predominance of signatures associated with cell division and an absence of ultraviolet-related DNA damage. In a tumour exposed to chemotherapy prior to enucleation, a profound platinum-related mutational signature was observed. Conclusions: WGS provides a complete picture of the genomic landscape of retinoblastomas, allowing the discovery of mutations otherwise undetected by conventional clinical screening approaches. The presence of at least one RB1 mutation in all retinoblastomas and the relative paucity of driver mutations in other genes suggests mutations beyond RB1, MYCN and BCOR are rare. Whilst most RB1 mutations are identifiable by clinical screening, the increased resolution and ability to detect otherwise elusive rearrangements of RB1 by WGS, confirming whether they are somatic or germline, has important repercussions on clinical management and advice on recurrence risks.

  Dataset EGAD00001006431

• Whole exome sequencing of longitudinal samples from a melanoma patient receiving MEK plus CDK4/6 inhibitor therapy.

  Combined MEK and CDK4/6 inhibition (MEKi+CDK4i) has shown promising clinical outcomes in NRAS mutant melanoma patients. Here, we interrogated longitudinal biopsies from a patient who initially responded to MEKi+CDK4i therapy but subsequently developed resistance. Whole exome sequencing and functional validation identified an acquired PIK3CAE545K mutation as conferring drug resistance. We demonstrate that PIK3CAE545K pre-existed in a rare subpopulation that was missed by both clinical and research testing, but was revealed upon multi-region sampling due to PIK3CAE545K being non-uniformly distributed. This resistant population rapidly expanded after the initiation of MEKi+CDK4i therapy and persisted in all successive samples even after immune checkpoint therapy and distant metastasis. Functional studies identified activated S6K1 as both a key marker and specific therapeutic vulnerability downstream of PIK3CAE545K-induced resistance. These results demonstrate that comprehensive analysis of pre-treatment samples can reveal rare pre-existing resistant subpopulations and also posit S6K1 as a common downstream therapeutic nexus for the MAPK, CDK4/6, and PI3K pathways.

  Study EGAS00001002846

• Genotype data from 'Dense sampling of ethnic groups within African countries reveals fine-scale genetic structure and extensive historical admixture.'

  Previous studies have highlighted how African genomes have been shaped by a complex series of historical events. Despite this, genome-wide data has only been obtained from a small proportion of present-day ethnolinguistic groups. By analysing new autosomal genetic variation data of 1333 individuals from over 150 ethnic groups from Cameroon, Republic of the Congo, Ghana, Nigeria and Sudan, we demonstrate a previously underappreciated fine-scale level of genetic structure within these countries, for example correlating with historical polities in western Cameroon. By comparing genetic variation patterns among populations, we infer that many northern Cameroonian and Sudanese groups share genetic links with multiple geographically disparate populations, likely resulting from long-distance migrations. In Ghana and Nigeria, we infer signatures of intermixing dated to over 2000 years ago, corresponding to reports of environmental transformations possibly related to climate change. We also infer recent intermixing signals in multiple African populations, including Congolese, that likely relates to the expansions of Bantu language-speaking peoples.

  Study EGAS00001006944

• RNA Sequencing of ECOG-E1308

  This study reports the RNA sequencing of HPV positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma samples from patients with HPV-associated stage III or stage IV cancer of the oropharynx that was surgically resectible. These patients participated in the ECOG-E1308 trial, a phase II trial that studied paclitaxel, cisplatin, and cetuximab followed by cetuximab and two different doses of intensity-modulated radiation therapy.

  Study phs003320

• EstMB cohort participants sequenced with MGISEQ-2000 platform

  Ensuring the comparability of data generated across different sequencing platforms has become a pressing concern in efforts to uncover robust links between the microbiome and human health. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive comparison of taxonomic and functional profiles from matched human gut microbiome sample pairs, sequenced using both the MGISEQ-2000 (MGI) and NovaSeq 6000 (Illumina NovaSeq) platforms.

  Study EGAS50000001538

• RNA-seq of der(1;7)(q10;p10) & control MDS patients

  The study examined the RNA profiles of MDS cases. This study utilized BAM files of RNA-seq of der(1;7)(q10;p10) MDS cases, -7/del(7q) MDS cases, and OTHER MDS cases to analyze gene expression. In particular, the study profiled der(1;7)(q10;p10) MDS cases compared to non-der(1;7)(q10;p10) MDS cases.

  Study EGAS50000000705

• KiCS cancer panel data for academic and for-profit use

  This data set contains KiCS cancer panel data for academic and for-profit use.

  Dataset EGAD00001009734

• Platinum-based chemotherapy induces opposing effects on immunotherapy response-related spatial and stromal biomarkers in the bladder cancer microenvironment

  The goal of the current project was to investigate the modulation of the tumor-immune microenvironment (TME) by neo-adjuvant platinum-based chemotherapy in muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Furthermore, we aimed to focus on how this modulation affects biomarkers of response to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Additionally, we aimed to explore the differences between MVAC and gemcitabine-containing platinum-based regimens regarding their effects on the bladder TME.

  Study EGAS50000000309

• Genetic and Hormonal Contributions to Gene Expression in Immune Cells

  The origins of sex differences in human disease are elusive, in part because of difficulties in separating the effects of sex hormones and sex chromosomes. To isolate the effects of testosterone, estradiol, and sex chromosome complement (XX or XY) in humans, we implemented a four-state, cross-sectional study design of trans- and cisgender individuals, the former receiving exogenous testosterone or estradiol for at least a year as part of their gender-affirming medical care. This study design allowed us to compare four combinations of sex hormones and sex chromosomes in humans: XX individuals treated with exogenous testosterone (n=21), XY individuals treated with exogenous estradiol (n=13), untreated XX individuals (n=20), and untreated XY individuals (n=15). We chose to focus on the human immune system because it displays an impressively broad range of sex-differential biology. We collected blood samples from each individual and isolated PBMCs the same day. We performed 10X Genomics 3' single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) on PBMCs from the 69 individuals. We generated 150-bp paired end reads from a total of 358,426 cells (with an average of 48,007 reads/cell) and identified 18 distinct immune cell types. We found that testosterone, estradiol, and sex chromosome complement have unique, non-overlapping effects on PBMC cell abundances and gene expression.

  Study phs003860

• SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study - Genetic Risk Score

  Genetic risk scores (GRS) quantify polygenic disease risk into a single measure and can aid in disease classification. GRS studies have focused primarily on adult populations of recent European ancestry. We aimed to assess the utility of GRS in classification of diabetes type among racially/ethnically diverse youth in the United States. We used data from SEARCH baseline visits and follow up visits for which key data elements were available. 2260 participants are included. Phenotypic Data to be submitted here include: Self-reported sex, race and ethnicity Diabetes type determined by provider Etiologic diabetes type T1D (antibody positive, or antibody negative/missing and insulin sensitive) T2D (antibody negative and insulin resistant) Diabetes duration (years) Age at diagnosis (years) Measures from baseline, SEARCH 3 (follow-up) and SEARCH 4 (follow-up): Age Height Weight Waist circumference HbA1c Fasting/non-fasting glucose C-peptide Triglycerides HDL LDL Systolic Blood Pressure Diastolic Blood Pressure Measures from SEARCH 3 and 4:Arterial stiffness as characterized by PWVRetinopathy Measures from SEARCH 4 only: LV structure and diastolic function measurements from echocardiogram GAD autoantibody IAD autoantibody ZnT8 autoantibody We performed genotyping using the Illumina Multi-Ethnic Global Array (MEGA) array with 1,697,069 genotyped variants including 748,291 with minor allele frequency <0.01. Genotyping and preliminary quality control checks were performed at the Colorado Center for Personalized Medicine. After additional quality control, 2,238 samples and 900,743 variants remained for analyses. Samples genotyped on the MEGA array were categorized using SEARCH etiologic type and consisted of predominantly type 1 diabetes cases (n=2,051) but also those with other diabetes (n=133 type 2 diabetes, n=52 other diabetes including monogenic diabetes; genetic confirmation with either a genetic clinical test or test performed as an ancillary study to SEARCH). The median reported age at DNA collection was 11.2 years (interquartile range 7.6 – 14.1) with a minimum age of 1.9 years and maximum of 21.9 years. We used additional data genotyped on the Affymetrix 500K imputation scaffold chip with 239,279 genotyped variants. This cohort consisted of predominantly type 2 diabetes cases (n=417) but also those with type 1 (n=104), and other diabetes types (n=16). After additional quality control, 537 samples and 235,967 variants remained. The median reported age at collection was 11.2 years (quartile range 8.1 – 14.2) with a minimum of 2.0 years and a maximum of 21.1 years. About 100 type 2 diabetes cases were also genotyped using the MEGA chip to ensure concordance between the data sets and facilitate strand alignment between the two chips before genotypic imputation. The data sets had n=230,228 genotyped variants in common and concordance between the genotypes was high (mean correlation r2 for SNPs used in GRS=0.95). We used the 1000 Genomes reference panel to impute each data set separately, resulting in a total of 34.5M and 27.8M well-imputed variants (r2>0.8) for the MEGA and Affymetrix data sets respectively. We combined high quality imputed variants for analysis.

  Study phs002703