Search Results - EGA European Genome-Phenome Archive

Longitudinal breast cancer cohort in SMC

Whole transcriptome sequencing (WTS) of a longitudinal breast cancer (BC) cohort consisting of 146 cases (281 tumors, 109 pairs), including 52 (38%) that achieved pathologic complete responses (pCR) and 85 (62%) that harbored residual diseases at time of surgery.

Dataset EGAD00001004487

Whole-genome sequencing data for inflammatory breast cancer patients

This study reports the whole-genome sequencing data for 20 inflammatory breast cancer patients, each of whom has one normal blood sample and one breast tumor sample. Overall, there are 40 files included in this study, in the format of BAM.

Dataset EGAD00001005749

BASIS BC WGS Dataset

We propose to definitively characterise the somatic genetics of breast cancer through generation of comprehensive catalogues of somatic mutations in breast cancer cases by high coverage genome sequencing coupled with integrated transcriptomic and methylation analyses.

Dataset EGAD00001001337

Colorectal organoids and tumoroids - pulldown (2018-08-13)

Targeted capture of cancer gene panel bait set in single cell derived organoids from colon tissue and colorectal cancer from 1 patient. . This dataset contains all the data available for this study on 2018-08-13.

Dataset EGAD00001004292

Multi-sample whole exome sequencing from 4 cases of advanced breast cancer.

Metastatic and primary tumour samples were collected from 4 patients with advanced breast cancer. Samples were collected at autopsy and also from biopsies taken during life. Tumour and germline samples are available. Whole exome sequencing was performed on all samples.

Dataset EGAD00001003137

Evolution of neoantigen landscape during immune checkpoint blockade in non-small cell lung cancer

The dataset for Evolution of neoantigen landscape during immune checkpoint blockade in non-small cell lung cancer includes 17 bam files from next-generation sequencing on the Illumina HiSeq2500. The biospecimens analyzed include matched tumor pre-treatment, post-progression and normal samples.

Dataset EGAD00001004336

Spatial transcriptome sequence data from prostate cancer needle biopsies

Spatial transcriptome sequencing data from prostate cancer needle biopsies. Dataset contains biopsies from before and after androgen deprivation therapy of 3 patients with 8 biopsies per patient in total. 2 sections (replicates) are taken from each biopsy.

Dataset EGAD00001008636

RNAseq of breast cancer bone metastases PDX resistant of responder to IACS-010759 treatment

Fastq files from RNAseq of breast cancer bone metastases PDX after treatment with IACS-010759. Five PDX are resistants to treatment and 6 are responders.

Dataset EGAD00001009072

WGS and WTS data for manuscript titled: Pathologist-initiated whole genome and transcriptome sequencing demonstrates diagnostic utility in resolving difficult-to-diagnose tumors

Illumina platform sequencing of whole genome libraries prepared from normal and cancer samples and whole transcriptome libraries from cancer samples from 45 donors

Dataset EGAD00001015615

Data from Representation of genomic intratumor heterogeneity in multi-region non-small cell lung cancer patient-derived xenograft models

Dataset EGAD00001012228

Harnessing transposons for drug resistance gene discovery in cancer

This study involves a forward genetic screen to identify common insertion sites in drug resistant clones. We will be utilising piggybac transposon systems in order to generate multiple drug resistant clones in a range of human cancer cell lines.

Dataset EGAD00001000980

Sequencing files for "The Evolutionary Origins of Recurrent Pancreatic Cancer."

Files from DNA sequencing from primary tumors and metastases from pancreatic cancer patients along with matched normal tissues. Sequencing files include those derived from whole exome sequencing as well as MSK-IMPACT sequencing.

Dataset EGAD00001005779

MicroRNA profiling by next-generation sequencing for colorectal cancer screening

The dataset contains raw miRNA sequencing data of plasma samples from 20 newly diagnosed colorectal cancer cases and 20 controls free of colorectal neoplasms matched by age and sex. It includes files in the FASTQ compressed (.gz) format.

Dataset EGAD00001006966

The tissue origin of highly elevated cell-free DNA in patients with and without cancer

Forty years ago, the first measurements of cell free DNA (cfDNA) from cancer patients revealed that its total concentration was often elevated compared to healthy controls. The basis for this increase, and in particular the source of the extra cfDNA in such patients, has never been determined. To address this issue, we assessed methylation patterns of cfDNA from 57 individuals, 34 of whom had unequivocally elevated cfDNA concentrations (i.e., >15 ng/mL of plasma). We found that the excess cfDNA in cancer patients did not come from either neoplastic cells or surrounding cells from the tumor's tissue of origin. Instead, 80% of the cfDNA was derived from neutrophils, B cells or T cells, with neutrophils accounting for ~2/3. B cells contributed more than T cells despite the great excess of T cells over B cells in the blood. To see if this result was generalizable to other clinical situations in which elevated cfDNA concentrations have been described, we evaluated nine patients before and one day following surgery. After surgical resection, cfDNA concentration increased by an average of 16.1-fold, as expected. The majority of this increase (55%) was contributed by leukocytes, though damaged hepatocytes contributed a substantial minority (31% of increase). These data suggest that the elevated concentrations of cfDNA in cancer patients, as with patients after surgery, arises largely from dying leukocytes—not from the neoplastic cells or the tissue of origin of the cancer.

Study EGAS00001005400

Extent and Significance of Bacterial DNA Integrations in the Human Cancer Genome

The integration of exogenous DNA into the human genome can cause somatic mutations associated with oncogenesis. For example, the insertion of HPV DNA into human chromosomes is the single most important event leading to tumorigenesis in cervical cancer. It is also now preventable with vaccines against HPV. In contrast to viral DNA integrations, the instances and repercussions of bacterial DNA integration into the somatic human genome are less clear. Yet bacterial DNA integrations (BDI) found to be associated with tumorigenesis could also be prevented using therapeutics like vaccines that limit exposure to the bacteria. Previous analysis of publicly available sequencing data from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) showed BDIs from Pseudomonas spp. rRNA into the 5'-UTR of four proto-oncogenes as well as in Ig (the immunoglobulin gene) of gastric cancer samples. The original samples from TCGA were not available to validate these findings. Therefore, a different cohort of gastric cancer patients was identified in order to establish the presence BDIs. Whole exome sequencing was completed on seven tumor samples and six adjacent gastric samples, as well as one intestinal metaplasia sample and one non-atrophic gastritis sample. Four of those samples were also investigated with transcriptomics and whole genome sequencing. Given that 15-20% of cancers worldwide are linked to infections, more work is needed to understand the role of infectious agents in oncogenesis and the mechanisms underlying that role.

Study phs001936

Genomic Alterations in Gingivo-buccal Cancer: ICGC-India Project_YR01

As a part of the ICGC, India has undertaken genomic studies on gingivobuccal cancer of the oral cavity, which is the most prevalent form of cancer among men in India. There are various known environmental (life-style) correlates of this cancer, the most important of which are tobacco chewing and HPV infection. Paired DNA samples – isolated from the tumor tissue and from the blood of fifty patients – have been analyzed to catalog germline and somatic mutations. Association between each observed genomic alteration and exposure to environmental risk factors is being explored.Detailed clinical characterization of the patients, collection of data on demographic and environmental exposures, and isolation of DNA samples from blood and tumor tissues collected from each patient are being done at the Advanced Centre for Research, Treatment and Education on Cancer, Mumbai. Exome capture and deep resequencing are being performed at the National Institute of Biomedical Genomics, Kalyani. We have analyzed the exomes of paired blood and tumor DNA samples using two orthogonal platforms – exome capture by Roche-Nimblegen SeqCap Ez kit followed by sequencing on Roche-454 GS FLX, and exome capture by Illumina TrueSeq Exome Enrichment kit followed by sequencing on Illumina HiSeq-2000. Each exome is being sequenced at a mean depth of 30x. In addition, we have used Illumina Omni Quad SNP-chips to generate genotype data at 1.14 million genomic markers. The average concordance between SNP-chip and sequence data is 99.8%.

Study EGAS00001000249

The spatio-temporal evolution of lymph node spread in early breast cancer

Purpose: The most significant prognostic factor in early breast cancer is lymph node involvement. This stage between localised and systemic disease is key to understanding breast cancer progression, however our knowledge of the evolution of lymph node malignant invasion remains limited, as most currently available data derive from primary tumours. Experimental design: In 11 treatment-naïve node positive early breast cancer patients without clinical evidence of distant metastasis, we investigated lymph node evolution using spatial multi-region sequencing (n=78 samples) of primary and lymph node deposits and genomic profiling of matched longitudinal circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA). Results: Linear evolution from primary to lymph node was rare (1/11) whereas the majority of cases displayed either early divergence between primary and nodes (4/11), or no detectable divergence (6/11) where both primary and nodal cells belonged to a single recent expansion of a metastatic clone. Divergence of metastatic subclones was driven in part by APOBEC. Longitudinal ctDNA samples from 2 subjects taken peri-operatively reflected the two major evolutionary patterns and demonstrate that private mutations can be detected even from early metastatic nodal deposits. Moreover, node removal resulted in disappearance of private lymph node mutations in ctDNA.Conclusions: This study sheds new light on a crucial evolutionary step in the natural history of breast cancer, demonstrating early establishment of axillary lymph node metastasis in a substantial proportion of patients.

Study EGAS00001002947

Mutational Signature and Transcriptomic Classification Analyses as the Decisive Diagnostic Tools for a Cancer of Unknown Primary with Neuroendocrine Differentiation

PURPOSE: Cancer of unknown primary (CUP) is a group of metastatic tumors in which the standard diagnostic work-up fails to identify the site of origin of the tumor. The potential impact of precision oncology on this group of patients is large since their tumors might have actionable driver mutations that can provide treatment options otherwise not available for patients with these fatal cancers. This study investigated if comprehensive genomics analyses could inform on the origin of the tumor. PATIENT AND METHODS: Here we describe a patient whose tumor was misdiagnosed at least three times. Next-generation sequencing, a PDX mouse model and bioinformatics was used to identify an actionable mutation, predict resistance development to the targeted therapy, and to correctly diagnose the origin of the tumor. The Cancer Genome Atlas was used to benchmark the bioinformatics workflow. RESULTS: Despite the lack of a known primary tumor site and the absence of diagnostic immunohistochemical markers, the origin of the patient's tumor was established using the novel bioinformatics workflow. This included a mutational signature analysis of the sequenced metastases and comparison of their transcriptomic profiles to a pan-cancer panel of tumors from The Cancer Genome Atlas. We further discuss the strengths and limitations of the latter approaches in the context of three potentially incorrectly diagnosed TCGA lung tumors. CONCLUSION: Comprehensive genomics analyses could inform on the origin of tumors in patients suffering from CUP.

Study EGAS00001003026

Prostate cancer ancestral genomic disparity

Prostate cancer is characterised by significant global disparity; mortality rates in SubSaharan Africa are double to quadruple those in Eurasia. Hypothesising unknown interplay between genetic and non-genetic factors, tumour genome profiling envisages contributing mutational processes. Through whole-genome sequencing of treatment-naïve prostate cancer from 183 ethnically/globally distinct patients (African versus European), we generate the largest cancer genomics resource for Sub-Saharan Africa. Identifying ~2 million somatic variants, Africans carried the greatest burden. We describe a new molecular taxonomy using all mutational types and ethno39 geographic identifiers, including Asian. Defined as Global Mutational Subtypes (GMS) A–D, although Africans presented within all subtypes, we found GMS-B to be ‘African-specific’ and GMS-D ‘African-predominant’, including Admixed and European Africans. Conversely, Europeans from Australia, Africa and Brazil predominated within ‘mutationally-quiet’ and ethnically/globally ‘universal’ GMS-A, while European Australians shared a higher mutational burden with Africans in GMS45 C. GMS predicts clinical outcomes; reconstructing cancer timelines suggests four evolutionary trajectories with different mutation rates (GMS-A, low 0.968/year versus D, highest 1.315/year). Our data suggest both common genetic factors across extant populations and regional environmental factors contributing to carcinogenesis, analogous to gene-environment interaction defined here as a different effect of an environmental surrounding in persons with different ancestries or vice versa. We anticipate GMS acting as a proxy to intrinsic and extrinsic mutational processes in cancers, promoting global inclusion in landmark studies.

Study EGAS00001006425

11925 results for "cancer rna-seq"

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