14979 results for "cancer studies using rna-seq"

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• HCA Organoids | Colon - Cancer, Nanopore Sequencing Data

  Nanopore Sequencing Data

  Dataset EGAD00001015536

• A dataset compiled as a resource a for orthogonal assessment of exon CNV calling in NGS data

  The dataset includes high-quality sequencing data from a targeted NGS assay (the TruSight Cancer Panel) together with Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification (MLPA) results for 96 independent samples. 66 samples contain at least one validated exon CNV and 30 samples have validated negative results for exon CNVs in 26 genes. The dataset includes 46 exon CNVs in BRCA1, BRCA2, TP53, MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2, EPCAM and PTEN, giving excellent representation of the cancer predisposition genes most frequently tested in clinical practice. Moreover, the validated exon CNVs include 25 single exon CNVs the most difficult exon CNV to detect. The full dataset includes FASTQ files, target BED file, and MLPA results.

  Study EGAS00001002428

• Prostate Cancer Upgrading Reference Set

  This study aimed to investigate clinical, demographic, and molecular features of men diagnosed with low-risk prostate cancer [ISUP Grade Group 1 (GG1)] at biopsy who underwent radical prostatectomy, and for whom an increased tumor grade (ISUP Grade Group 2 or above) was subsequently detected in the resected prostate. This phenomenon is termed upgrading. In collaboration with the Early Detection Research Network (EDRN), a blinded reference set was established to facilitate upgrading biomarker detection and validation. A prospective, multi-institutional, cohort of men with the GG1 prostate cancer and intention to undergo prostatectomy was recruited. Biospecimens (blood, urine) were collected and this biorepository comprises the official EDRN Upgrading Reference Set (URS). Recording of case-control status (case = upgrading at prostatectomy, control = no upgrading at prostatectomy) was coordinated by the Data Management and Coordinating Center (DMCC) of the EDRN, who ensured blinding of all participating researchers. A subset of the reference set (n = 192) was chosen to undergo whole genome sequencing (WGS) for the investigation of a germline genomic biomarker of upgrading. Variant calls from all sequenced URS whole genomes are available through dbGaP, with the exception of one sample for which sequencing was not successful. Among investigated clinical features, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) density and percent of cancer in pre-prostatectomy positive biopsy cores were significantly associated with upgrading. Two polygenic risk score-based biomarkers were computed in the genetic sub-cohort and tested against case-control status. Neither was predictive of upgrading.

  Study phs003670

• Integration of genomics and histology reveals diagnosis and effective therapy of refractory cancer of unknown primary with PDL1 amplification (H021)

  Identification of the tissue of origin in cancer of unknown primary (CUP) poses a diagnostic challenge and is critical for directing site-specific therapy. Currently, clinical decision making in patients with CUP primarily relies on histopathology and clinical features. Comprehensive molecular profiling has the potential to contribute to diagnostic categorization and, most importantly, guide CUP therapy through identification of actionable lesions. We here report the case of an advanced-stage malignancy initially mimicking poorly differentiated soft-tissue sarcoma that did not respond to multi-agent chemotherapy. Molecular profiling within a clinical whole-exome and transcriptome sequencing program revealed a heterozygous, highly amplified KRAS G12S mutation, compound-heterozygous TP53 mutation/deletion, high mutational load, and focal amplification of chromosomes 9p (including PDL1 [CD274] and JAK2) and 10p (including GATA3). Integrated analysis of molecular data and conventional histopathology suggested a diagnosis of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and provided a rationale for immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy with pembrolizumab, which resulted in rapid clinical improvement and a lasting partial remission. Analysis of 157 TNBC samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas revealed focal, high-level PDL1 amplification coinciding with excessive PDL1 mRNA expression in 24% of cases. Collectively, these results illustrate the diagnostic utility of multidimensional tumor profiling in cases with non-descript histology and immune phenotype, demonstrate the predictive power of genomic PDL1 amplification for immune checkpoint inhibition, and suggest a targeted therapeutic strategy in chromosome 9p24.1/PDL1-amplified cancers.H021

  Study EGAS00001001846

• Defining the metastasome in colorectal cancer: Implications for hypotheses on metastasis evolution and personalized therapy (HIPO-032)

  Personalized cancer therapy aims at individual genetic changes characterizing primary cancers. Still, however, metastasis is the major clinically unmet problem, also due to an incomplete understanding of its molecular evolution.This study is the first to define the metastasis-specific whole genome landscape of human colorectal primary vs. matched metastatic lesions.Protein coding, ncRNA genes and 3’UTRs harbored about a third each of single nucleotide variations (SNVs)/indels, 19% of them being metastasis-specific. We found novel mutational hills among ncRNAs and 3’UTRs, copy number changes able to explain changes in microRNA expression in metastases, and novel metastasis-specific mutations in the 3’UTRs on important cancer signalling genes. Some metastatic lesions showed targetable mutations not detected in the primaries. Analysis of mutual exclusivity patterns supported a model that has progressive alterations in important colorectal cancer genes and revealed new partners. Metastatic lesions were enriched in SNVs, specific structural variations, and alterations in genes affecting cell adhesion and extracellular matrix interaction.Furthermore, a hepatic stellate activation cascade was enriched in metastases, suggesting genetic programs for site-specific colonization. Allele frequency distribution and mutational signature analysis suggests a common ancestor clone to both the primary tumor and the metastasis, with additional mutagenesis ongoing in both sites independently. Taken together, our results significantly add to hypothesis generation on metastasis evolution, and suggest novel metastasis-specific genomic changes which would be missed by current personalized therapy concepts. (HIPO-032)

  Study EGAS00001002717

• European Genome-phenome Archive 15th Anniversary Celebration

  2023 marks the 15th Anniversary of the EGA, jointly managed by the European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI) and the Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG). To mark the occasion, a simultaneous celebration was held in both institutions on the 13th of December 2023. The teams gathered online to play a quiz game and celebrate all the achievements and milestones with two wonderful anniversary cakes. In 2008, the European Genome-phenome Archive was created at the EBI-EMBL in Cambridge to guarantee that human genome and phenome data were available to the international scientific community while data privacy was preserved. The six-person staff at the beginning of the project is now far behind us, with a team that reaches the number of 35 members. Since 2013, the European Bioinformatics Institute and the Centre for Genomic Regulation share responsibility for The European Genome-phenome Archive (EGA). At that time, the EGA had data for about 0,5 petabytes. Currently, the Archive contains more than 12 petabytes. 2023 comes to an end with several good news. The EGA has been renewed as an ELIXIR Core Data Resource. This was announced during the GA4GH 11th Plenary held in San Francisco last September when ELIXIR-Beacon was also confirmed to be a GA4GH Driver Project. Thus, the Beacon API has maintained this title since 2018. What’s more, the first Federated EGA dataset is now live on our website. This year we also launched new services for EGA users in September. By the numbers, in 2023 the EGA counts 2.5 PB archived, 371 studies published, 208 new submitters and 19 active projects in which the team is participating, among others. We look forward to continuing to support your research in 2024!

  Blog 15-anniversary

• Expression profiling of a human endocrine pancreas iPSC model

  Directed differentiation of stem cells offers a scalable solution to the need for human cell models recapitulating islet biology and T2D pathogenesis. We profiled mRNA expression at six stages of an induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) model of endocrine pancreas development from two donors, and characterized the distinct transcriptomic profiles associated with each stage. Established regulators of endodermal lineage commitment, such as SOX17 (log2 fold change [FC] compared to iPSCs=14.2, p-value=4.9x10-5) and the pancreatic agenesis gene GATA6 (log2 FC=12.1, p-value=8.6x10-5), showed transcriptional variation consistent with their known developmental roles. However, these analyses highlighted many other genes with stage-specific expression patterns, some of which may be novel drivers or markers of islet development. For example, the leptin receptor gene, LEPR, was most highly expressed in published data from in vivo-matured cells compared to the endocrine pancreas-like cells (log2 FC=5.5, p-value=2.0x10-12), suggesting a role for the leptin pathway in the maturation process. Endocrine pancreas-like cells showed significant stage-selective expression of adult islet genes, including INS, ABCC8, and GLP1R, and enrichment of relevant GO-terms (e.g. “insulin secretion”; odds ratio=4.2, p-value=1.9x10-3): however, principal component analysis indicated that in vitro-differentiated cells were more immature than adult islets. Integration of the stage-specific expression information with genetic data from T2D genome-wide association studies revealed that 46 of 82 T2D-associated loci harbor genes present in at least one developmental stage, facilitating refinement of potential effector transcripts. Together, these data show that expression profiling in an iPSC islet development model can further understanding of islet biology and T2D pathogenesis.

  Dataset EGAD00001002148

• LLDeep DAG2+ scRNA-seq in PBMCs

  Single cell transcriptomics of PBMCs of 47 donors from the Lifelines Deep cohort (general population, Northern part of the Netherlands). Cells of five or six different donors were pooled together in one sample pool, resulting in eight different sample pools. In total, 28.855 cells were captured and their transcriptomes were sequenced to an average depth of 74k. Genotype data was available for each donor, which allowed us to use the Demuxlet method that uses variable SNPs between the pooled individuals to determine which cell belongs to which individual. Since genotype information is lacking of 2 individuals, the transcriptome of only 45 individuals could be retrieved.

  Dataset EGAD00010001315

• mRNA and T cell receptor sequencing of patients with Pandemrix-associated narcolepsy type 1

  PBMCs isolated from 27 individuals (11 narcolepsy type 1 patients, 16 healthy controls) were stimulated with the peptide Neuroaminidase 175-189 or Protein-O-mannosyl transferase 1 (POMT1) 675-689 or media as control. FACS sorted CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes from one patient were subjected to the same stimulation. Transcriptome profiling was done with a 3' tagging protocol. T cell receptor repertoires were profiled with amplicon sequencing (Rep-seq). The dataset contains FASTQ files with sequencing reads, transcript count matrices and TCR clonotypes.

  Dataset EGAD00001006796

• Single-cell T-cell receptor sequencing data of peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from 30 ATL patients, 11 HTLV-1-infected asymptomatic carriers, and 4 healthy donors.

  Single-cell T-cell receptor sequencing (scTCR-seq) data of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) obtained from 30 ATL patients (34 samples including 4 sequential ones), 11 HTLV-1-infected asymptomatic carriers, and 4 healthy donors.

  Dataset EGAD00001007014

• Whole-genome plasma DNA sequencing in CRC patients under anti-EGFR therapy

  In this study we performed whole genome sequencing of plasma DNA (plasma-Seq) of 19 plasma-DNA samples from a total of 10 patients treated with anti-EGFR therapy. We demonstrated that development of resistance to anti-EGFR therapies is frequently associated with focal amplifications of KRAS, MET, and ERBB2. We also showed that focal KRAS amplifications can be acquired in tumor genomes of patients under cytotoxic chemotherapy. Furthermore, we provide evidence that specific chromosomal polysomies, such as overrepresentations of 12p and 7p, harboring KRAS and EGFR, respectively, determine responsiveness to anti-EGFR therapy.

  Dataset EGAD00001000748

• mRNA and T cell receptor sequencing of patients with Pandemrix-associated narcolepsy type 1

  PBMCs isolated from 27 individuals (11 narcolepsy type 1 patients, 16 healthy controls) were stimulated with the peptide Neuroaminidase 175-189 or Protein-O-mannosyl transferase 1 (POMT1) 675-689 or media as control. FACS sorted CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes from one patient were subjected to the same stimulation. Transcriptome profiling was done with a 3' tagging protocol. T cell receptor repertoires were profiled with amplicon sequencing (Rep-seq). The dataset contains FASTQ files with sequencing reads, transcript count matrices and TCR clonotypes.

  Dataset EGAD00001006797

• scRNA-seq to study interactions between HSPCs, BMSCs and immune microenvironment

  Mechanisms of clonal evolution in myeloid neoplasms remain incompletely understood. Darwinian theory predicts that the (micro)environment of clone-propagating stem cells may contribute to clonal selection. Here, we provide data fitting this model, establishing a relationship between stromal niche inflammation, inflammatory stress in HSPCs, clonal resistance and leukemic evolution in human MDS.

  Study EGAS00001008181

• ATAC-seq of uncultured CD112high and CD112low long-term(LT) human hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) from umbilical cord blood

  ATAC-sequencing was performed to establish chromatin accessibility signatures that underlie the differential in vitro priming and regeneration phenotypes of CD112high and CD112low LT-HSC. CD112high and CD112low LT-HSC from 2-3 independent human umbilical cord blood pools were prospectively isolated for DNA extraction, library preparation and sequencing.

  Study EGAS00001005121

• Single-cell multi-omics analysis of COVID-19 patients with pre-existing autoimmune diseases

  Single-cell analysis of the transcriptome, T cell immune receptors, and surface proteome (CITE-seq) from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of COVID-19 patients with pre-existing autoimmune diseases (rheumatoid arthritis n = 5, psoriasis n = 4, or multiple sclerosis n = 3), as well as COVID-19 patients without pre-existing autoimmunity as controls (n = 10) to investigate altered immune responses.

  Dataset EGAD00001007982

• Paired-end Whole Exome-seq analysis of the 3D evolution of glioma cell populations. Part 2.

  Dataset contains paired-end Whole Exome sequencing data from 257 glioma samples from 28 patients. 26 normal blood samples are also included.

  Dataset EGAD00001009496

• Single Cell RNASeq for ARMS tumors

  6 samples from 3 mice related to Alveolar Rhabdomysarcoma. In this study, we employ scRNA-seq to analyze ARMS tumors from a conditional mouse model of ARMS. The conditional knock-in mouse model of ARMS, in which the Pax3-Foxo1 allele is activated in the skeletal muscle cell lineage via Myf6Cre (Myf6CrePax3P3Fm/P3FmTrp53F2-10/F2-10; referred to hereafter as GEMM-ARMS) has been described previously23,24. These mice also carry Cre-activated reporters, eYFP to label Pax3::Foxo1-expressing cells and dsRED2 to labels Myh2-expressing cells. Some tumors are derived from GEMM-ARMS mice, and some are allografts of GEMM-ARMS tumors into immunodeficient mice

  Dataset EGAD50000002241

• Center for Oral Health Research in Appalachia (COHRA) Genomic Studies of Oral Health and Disease

  The purpose of this project is to identify the genetic factors contributing to dental caries in children and adults. The datasets come from the Center for Oral Health Research in Appalachia (COHRA), which has the long-term goal of determining the sources of oral health disparities in a high risk, Northern Appalachian population so that effective preventive interventions can be designed and targeted. The Specific Aims of this project are to perform genome-wide association scans of dental caries of the (1) primary dentition in children, and (2) permanent dentition in adults, to identify novel risk variants and to replicate previously nominated risk variants. This project brings together samples from three cohorts: COHRA1 is a cross-sectional cohort comprising members of 862 northern Appalachian families; approximately 80% of the cohort has been previously genotyped by the Center for Inherited Disease Research with support from NIDCR using the Illumina Quad W array (see dbGaP Study Accession: phs000095.v3.p1). Dental SCORE is a cross-sectional cohort comprising approximately 550 unrelated individuals who underwent the same data collection protocol as COHRA1. COHRA2 is an ongoing longitudinal cohort that recruited approximately 1100 northern Appalachian women during pregnancy, and followed them and their children through their children's early childhood; the current project period will continue data collect though age 6 of the child. Phenotypes for this project were derived from intra-oral examinations performed by trained and calibrated research hygienists. In brief, each tooth was recorded as present or absent, and each surface of each present tooth was scored for evidence of decay. From these data, dental caries indices were generated. This project contains two phases of genotyping: (1) collection of exome SNP Chip data for the previously genotyped COHRA1 samples, and (2) collection of whole-genome SNP Chip data for the remaining COHRA1 samples and all Dental SCORE and COHRA2 samples. These data will support efforts to test hypotheses regarding the causal relationships of risk factors contributing to the unusually high rates of caries formation in the Appalachian population. Ultimately, these data may inform the development of an integrated model of caries risk, in which the effects of genetics, oral ecology, diet, and other environmental/psychosocial factors and behaviors are modeled in concert to explain the disparities, including the high rate of caries onset before age 6. The gene-mapping Aims of this project, which seek to identify the genetic factors that contribute to caries risk, are a requisite step in realizing this integrated model.

  Study phs001591

• Children's Cancer Therapy Institute DAC

  Dac EGAC00001001828