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• CRISPR-screening identifies mechanisms of resistance to KRASG12C and SHP2 inhibitor combinations in non-small cell lung cancer

  Although KRASG12C inhibitors show clinical activity in patients with KRAS G12C mutated NSCLC and other solid tumor malignancies, response is limited by multiple mechanisms of resistance. The KRASG12C inhibitor JDQ443 shows enhanced preclinical antitumor activity combined with the SHP2 inhibitor TNO155, and the combination is currently under clinical evaluation. To identify rational combination strategies that could help overcome or prevent some types of resistance, we evaluated the duration of tumor responses to JDQ443 �� TNO155, alone or combined with the PI3K�� inhibitor alpelisib and/or the CDK4/6 inhibitor ribociclib, in xenograft models derived from a KRASG12C-mutant NSCLC line and investigated the genetic mechanisms associated with loss of response to combined KRASG12C/SHP2 inhibition.

  Study JGAS000643

• H3Africa - An integrated approach to the identification of genetic determinants of susceptibility to trypanosomiasis

  The over-arching aim of this network is to improve the health of people living in some of the poorest countries in the world that carry a disproportionate burden of infectious diseases. Despite their importance, the study of many tropical diseases has lagged behind that of diseases of developed countries. This network will redress the balance by performing high quality research into two neglected tropical diseases, human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) and schistosomiasis. Our aim is to investigate the genetic determinants of the human reservoirs of HAT and schistosomiasis, filling an important knowledge gap, while extending and strengthening the underpinning infrastructure to deliver these scientific objectives in particular by developing the next generation of African geneticists.

  Study EGAS00001007173

• WGS data of isogenic wild-type RPE1

  Deposited here are WGS data generated from isogenic wild-type (WT) RPE1 untreated and treated with brequinar for 42 days (and other dNTP-pool disruptor compounds)

  Dataset EGAD50000001602

• scATAC-seq of sorted CD45+ cells from blood and tissues

  scATAC-seq by 10xGenomics Droplet Sequencing from two human donors. scATAC sequences are available for FACS-sorted CD45+ cells from blodd, skin and vat (visceral adipose tissue)

  Dataset EGAD50000000510

• GATCI_Oncoscan_Data

  This dataset contains files generated from Affymetrix Oncoscan Arrays. For each sample there are two paired cel files containing the raw data from AT and GT channels. Raw data has been transfromed to OSCHP signal files also within this dataset.

  Dataset EGAD00010001579

• ESGI - Whole Genome Sequencing of NSPHS samples (2019-08-19)

  Whole genome sequencing of sampels from the NSPHS cohort. The samples are sequenced using the Illumina HiSeq X Ten system. . This dataset contains all the data available for this study on 2019-08-19.

  Dataset EGAD00001005267

• UCSF brain tumor data

  Single Nuclei ATAC seq data from GBM tumor samples. NovaSeq6000 was used for ATAC seq. The files uploaded are bam files created with grch38 reference.

  Dataset EGAD00001005314

• MDA whole exome sequencing data for bladder cancer

  46 BAM files from 23 urothelial bladder cancer patients on an immunotherapy clinical trial. PBMC normal samples and solid tumor samples are paired. Alignment was done by BWA with reference genome hg19.

  Dataset EGAD00001005712

• Recalibrated whole-exome sequencing alignment files of Saudi papillary thyroid cancer

  The dataset consists of samples from papillary thyroid cancer patients. A total of 181 DNA samples from blood/normal and cancer tissue are subjected to whole exome sequencing using Illumina. The fastq files generated were aligned with reference genome ‘hg19’, duplicates were marked, realignment around indels and quality recalibration were performed to produce good quality variants. The recalibrated “.bam” files are included with this dataset.

  Dataset EGAD00001003358

• Reconstruction of complex rearrangement patterns causing the initiation of clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

  The genomic hallmark of clear cell renal cell carcinoma is the loss of the short arm of chromosome three. This appears to be the earliest genomic event in the formation of these cancers. Often chromosome 3 is lost at the same time as part of chromosome 5 is duplicated via an unbalanced translocation, often with features consistent with focal chromothripsis. In this study, we sought to reconstruct the chromothriptic event that underlies the initiation of kidney cancer. We used long read sequencing (promethION, Oxford Nanopore Technologies) of patient tumour-derived DNA to elucidate how a single cell division error can generate cancer genome complexity.

  Dataset EGAD00001005495

• Early-onset Colorectal Cancer Study TOGETHER Data Access Committee

  The Early-onset Colorectal Cancer Study TOGETHER Data Access Committee (DAC) is responsible for reviewing requests to access sequencing and clinical data from the study. Access to the data is restricted to researchers with approved ethical clearance and scientifically valid research projects. Each request will be evaluated by the DAC to ensure compliance with participants’ informed consent and all applicable data protection regulations.

  Dac EGAC50000000752

• Synergy study: "Tissue resident CD8+ T cell clonal expansion in advanced triple negative breast cancer is associated with response to chemoimmunotherapy"

  Dataset of the study "Synergy study: "Tissue resident CD8+ T cell clonal expansion in advanced triple negative breast cancer is associated with response to chemoimmunotherapy". This dataset contains the cellranger's gene-expression matrices for the 5 prime single-cell RNA sequencing experiments

  Dataset EGAD50000000748

• Clonal Evolution and Transcriptomic Analysis of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Treated with Ibrutinib

  Disease progression has been increasingly appreciated with the use of ibrutinib to treat chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Understanding the pattern of clonal evolution and transcriptomic changes during the early treatment period with ibrutinib may provide insight into the mechanisms of resistance. We performed whole exome sequencing on sequential samples with matched germline controls from 61 patients with CLL during the first 12 months of ibrutinib monotherapy or ibrutinib in combination with rituximab. Additionally, RNA sequencing was done on a subset of 14 patients treated with ibrutinib monotherapy. The presence of clonal shifts was associated with an increased risk of disease progression, suggesting that resistant clones are more likely to emerge in CLL with greater evolutionary capacity.This cohort was later augmented with additional data (including data from 15 additional patients). In total, this second set of data contained whole exome sequencing (31 samples), RNA sequencing (6 samples) and reduced representation bisulfite sequencing (67 samples) for CLL samples and used them to identify expression subtypes of CLL. In an integrative analysis of genetic, transcriptomic, and epigenetic data, incorporating known and newly identified subtypes of CLL, we built new models to improve patient prognostication.

  Study phs001473

• DAC for "Pyjacker identifies enhancer hijacking events in acute myeloid leukemia including MNX1 activation via deletion 7q"

  This is the DAC for the study "Pyjacker identifies enhancer hijacking events in acute myeloid leukemia including MNX1 activation via deletion 7q" of Christoph Plass (c.plass@dkfz.de).

  Dac EGAC50000000472

• Trio Sequencing results for the AnkyrinG MIPS screening study

  Approximately 1000 trio's with varying degrees of cognitive disorders. All samples have been sequenced for the AnkyrinG interactome using MIPS technology. Data is presented as BAM and unfiltered VCF files.

  Dataset EGAD00001006823

• BCG-Flu Challenge Study Human RNA-seq

  Whole blood RNA sequencing data generated from human samples collected as part of the BCG-Flu Challenge study. The dataset includes 746 samples. Paired-end sequencing was performed on an Illumina NovaSeq 6000 platform with a 150 bp paired-end configuration. Raw FASTQ files are provided.

  Dataset EGAD50000002407

• Whole exome sequencing of ETV::RUNX1 positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia

  This dataset contains whole exome sequencing of ETV::RUNX1 positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Germline and leukemia samples were sequenced in pairs. A total of 94 samples were sequenced and reads were aligned to hg19 genome reference. Aligned bam files are provided in this data set.

  Dataset EGAD50000001184

• Exome sequencing of synchronous colorectal cancers

  The data consists of 47 exome-sequenced synchronous colorectal cancers from 23 patients. The exomes of corresponding normal samples were used to remove germline variants. All patients are Finnish (white Caucasian). All except one patient (sync_11 who belongs to a LS family) were assumed sporadic. The sequence data was produced with Illumina HiSeq 4000.

  Dataset EGAD00001004884

• Deep multi-region WGS of lung cancer tumours

  Deep WGS (germline and 2-5 tumour regions) was performed on 20 patients: 13 lung adenocarcinoma, 5 squamous cell carcinoma, 2 small-cell lung cancers. A total of 68 BAM files are provided, where tumours were sequenced to 60x or 150x depth.

  Dataset EGAD00001005287

• Whole Exome sequencing data from Shwachman-Diamond syndrome bone marrow samples

  This dataset includes paired WES from bone marrow samples of patients with SDS and paired bone marrow-derived fibroblasts as a germline reference. Some patients have multiple samples collected serially over time. There are 74 BAM files included in this dataset.

  Dataset EGAD00001006815

• Honolulu Heart Program (HHP-BioLINCC)

  Data Access NOTE: Please refer to the “Authorized Access” section below for information about how access to the data from this accession differs from many other dbGaP accessions. Access to Biospecimens is through the NHLBI Biologic Specimen and Data Repository Information Coordinating Center (BioLINCC). Biospecimens from HHP include DNA, plasma, serum, and whole blood. Please note that use of biospecimens in genetic research is subject to a tiered consent. Objectives: The initial objectives of the Honolulu Heart Program were to: 1) estimate morbidity and mortality from coronary heart disease and stroke among Japanese men in Honolulu; 2) compare morbidity and mortality from coronary heart disease and stroke among Japanese men in Japan, Honolulu, and San Francisco; 3) investigate relationships among risk factors, coronary heart disease, and stroke in Japanese men in Honolulu; 4) compare distributions of risk factors among men in Japan, Honolulu, and San Francisco, and relate similarities and differences in risk factors to the occurrence of disease in these areas and in other populations, including Framingham and Puerto Rico; 5) conduct an autopsy study, and to relate pathological findings to morbidity and mortality data; and 6) investigate relationships between risk factors and pathological evidence of atherosclerosis and its complications.Background: The Honolulu Heart Program was initiated in 1965 by the NHLBI as a prospective study of environmental and biological causes of cardiovascular disease among Japanese Americans living in Hawaii. This population was known to have low incidence of coronary heart disease and higher incidence of stroke. The study provided opportunities to investigate relationships among disease frequencies, pathologic findings, and disease predictors in the cohort and to compare the findings in this population with those in other populations, especially cohorts of Japanese men resident in Japan or the U.S.Participants: There were 8006 participants.Design: The study began in 1965 with the first examination of a cohort of 8,006 Japanese-American men residing on the island of Oahu, Hawaii who were born during the period 1900-1919. The first examination was completed in 1968 and was followed by the initiation of a second examination that same year. Three subsequent sub-examinations (Lipoprotein Exams I, II and III) were conducted between 1970 and 1982 to collect lipid measurements on a subset of those who participated in Exam II. The fourth examination of surviving members of the original cohort was conducted during 1991-93 and collected data on 3,741 men. Morbidity and mortality follow-up continues through grant and contract-supported efforts, and the current HHP dataset includes events through 1998.

  Study phs003907

• Determining genome-wide binding of ETS2 by CUT&RUN in primary human macrophages

  This dataset consists of sequencing data from an ETS2 CUT&RUN experiment in primary inflammatory (TPP) macrophages (n = 2). Pre-cultured TPP macrophages were harvested and processed immediately using the CUT&RUN Assay kit (Cell Signaling) according to the manufacturer’s instructions with the following modifications (essentially, avoiding the use of ConA-coated beads). Anti-ETS2 (ThermoFisher) or IgG control (Cell Signaling) antibodies were used for targeted digestion of chromatin. For each donor, 5x10^5 cells were pelleted, washed in Wash Buffer, and resuspended in Antibody Binding buffer. Cells were incubated with antibodies (1:100 dilution for anti-ETS2) for 2h at 4°C. After washing in Digitonin Buffer, cells were incubated with pA/G-MNase for 1h at 4°C. Cells were washed twice in Digitonin Buffer, resuspended in the same buffer and cooled for 5 minutes on ice. Calcium chloride was added to activate pA/G-MNase digestion and cells were incubated for 30 minutes at 4°C before Stop Buffer was added, and cells were incubated for 10 min at 37°C to release cleaved chromatin fragments. Supernatants were collected by centrifugation and DNA extracted using DNA Purification Buffers and Spin Columns (Cell Signaling). Library preparation was performed according to a protocols.IO protocol (dx.doi.org/10.17504/protocols.io.bagaibse) using the NEBNext Ultra II DNA Library Prep Kit. Size selection was performed using AMPure XP beads (Beckman Coulter) and fragment sizes were determined using an Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer (High Sensitivity DNA kit). Equimolar pools of indexed libraries were sequenced on an Illumina NovaSeq 6000 (100bp PE reads). Raw data are provided as 100 bp paired-end Illumina reads.

  Dataset EGAD00001011349

• Impact of mutational profiles on response of primary oestrogen receptor-positive breast cancers to oestrogen deprivation

  Presurgical studies allow study of the relationship between mutations and response of estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer to aromatase inhibitors (AIs) but have been limited to small biopsies. Here in Phase I of this study, we perform exome sequencing on baseline, surgical core-cuts and blood from 60 patients (40 AI treated, 20 Controls). In poor responders (based on Ki67 change) we find significantly more somatic mutations than good responders. Subclones exclusive to baseline or surgical cores   occur in approximately 30% of tumours. In Phase II we combine targeted sequencing on another 28 treated patients with Phase I. We find six genes frequently mutated: PIK3CA, TP53, CDH1, MLL3, ABCA13 and FLG with 71% concordance between paired cores. TP53 mutations are associated with poor response. We conclude that multiple biopsies are essential for confident mutational profiling of ER+ breast cancer and TP53 mutations are associated with resistance to oestrogen deprivation therapy.

  Dataset EGAD00001002651

• Detection of Clinically Relevant Genetic Variantsin Autism Spectrum Disorderby Whole-Genome Sequencing

  Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) demonstrates high heritability and familial clustering, yet the genetic causes remain only partially understood as a result of extensive clinical and genomic heterogeneity. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) shows promise as a tool for identifying ASD risk genes as well as unreported mutations in known loci, but an assessment of its full utility in an ASD group has not been performed. We used WGS to examine 32 families with ASD to detect de novo or rare inherited genetic variants predicted to be deleterious (loss-of-function and damaging missense mutations). Among ASD probands, we identified deleterious de novo muta- tions in six of 32 (19%) families and X-linked or autosomal inherited alterations in ten of 32 (31%) families (some had combinations of mutations). The proportion of families identified with such putative mutations was larger than has been previously reported; this yield was in part due to the comprehensive and uniform coverage afforded by WGS. Deleterious variants were found in four unrecognized, nine known, and eight candidate ASD risk genes. Examples include CAPRIN1 and AFF2 (both linked to FMR1, which is involved in fragile X syndrome), VIP (involved in social-cognitive deficits), and other genes such as SCN2A and KCNQ2 (linked to epilepsy), NRXN1, and CHD7, which causes ASD-associated CHARGE syndrome. Taken together, these results suggest that WGS and thorough bioinformatic analyses for de novo and rare inherited mutations will improve the detection of genetic variants likely to be associated with ASD or its accompanying clinical symptoms.

  Study EGAS00001000850

• Tumor Profiler DAC

  The Tumor Profiler DAC is responsible for the access to data generated in the Tumor Profiler Study.

  Dac EGAC50000000199

• The Nurses' Health Study (NHS) GWAS of Mammographic Density

  The Nurses' Health Study is an on-going prospective cohort study of women that was initiated in 1976. This specific study was part of a larger study to advance our knowledge of breast cancer etiology, expand the current knowledge of mammographic density, and clarify the relationship between mammographic density and breast cancer risk. We conducted a nested case control study of breast cancer among women who provided a blood sample. We then targeted our mammogram collection to participants that were selected as part of this nested case-control study (i.e. those who had provided a blood sample). The mammogram closest to the date of blood draw (~1989-1990) was used. We assessed mammographic breast density from digitized film images using a computer assisted thresholding method (Cumulus). The women in this study were genotyped using the Illumina Omni Express Platform.

  Study phs000975

• Whole Genome and Exon Capture Sequencing of Bladder Cancers

  One primary bladder cancer and paired peripheral blood sample were subjected to whole genome sequencing on an Illumina HiSeq 2000 platform. This technology was utilized to investigate the genetic basis of a durable remission of metastatic bladder cancer in a patient treated with everolimus, a drug that inhibits the mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) signaling pathway. Among the somatic mutations found was a loss-of-function mutation in TSC1 (Tuberous Sclerosis Complex 1), a regulator of mTOR pathway activation. Targeted sequencing using an exon capture and sequencing assay was performed on 13 tumors derived from patients on the same everolimus trial as the index patient and the sequencing data from these tumors is included. TSC1 mutation status was correlated with response to everolimus. The index patient responder tumor and peripheral blood DNA were also subjected to exon capture and sequencing.

  Study phs000535

• WGS Study From Pediatrics

  This is a set of 20 10X Genomics Chromium WGS

  Dataset EGAD00001008011

• Cancer treatment re-shapes the somatic mutational landscape of normal esophagus - wgs

  Ageing epithelial tissues, including the esophagus, are progressively colonized by somatic mutant clones, some carrying mutations linked to cancer. However, whether normal epithelial mutational landscapes that evolve over decades can be altered by short term interventions such as cancer treatment is not known. Here we sequenced normal esophageal epithelium removed from patients after 5-8 weeks of therapy for esophageal cancer. Some patients had no prior treatment (NT), while others had 8 weeks of 5 Fluorouracil (5-FU) containing chemotherapy (FLOT) or 4 weeks of chemotherapy and radiation directed at the tumor (CROSS). Despite the brief duration of therapy, we observed treatment specific differences in the selection of mutant clones. The median size of mutant TP53 and PPM1D clones in the CROSS group was double that in the other groups. Mutants of the tumor suppressor SPOP were selected in CROSS but not FLOT or NT patients. In FLOT patients we found positive selection of activating MTOR mutations, consistent with the hypothesis that these mutants confer 5-FU resistance. Sequencing densely mutated normal epithelia after cancer reveals treatment specific selection of mutations with potential therapeutic impact.

  Dataset EGAD00001011181

• Cancer treatment re-shapes the somatic mutational landscape of normal esophagus - 0.25mm punches targeted

  Ageing epithelial tissues, including the esophagus, are progressively colonized by somatic mutant clones, some carrying mutations linked to cancer. However, whether normal epithelial mutational landscapes that evolve over decades can be altered by short term interventions such as cancer treatment is not known. Here we sequenced normal esophageal epithelium removed from patients after 5-8 weeks of therapy for esophageal cancer. Some patients had no prior treatment (NT), while others had 8 weeks of 5 Fluorouracil (5-FU) containing chemotherapy (FLOT) or 4 weeks of chemotherapy and radiation directed at the tumor (CROSS). Despite the brief duration of therapy, we observed treatment specific differences in the selection of mutant clones. The median size of mutant TP53 and PPM1D clones in the CROSS group was double that in the other groups. Mutants of the tumor suppressor SPOP were selected in CROSS but not FLOT or NT patients. In FLOT patients we found positive selection of activating MTOR mutations, consistent with the hypothesis that these mutants confer 5-FU resistance. Sequencing densely mutated normal epithelia after cancer reveals treatment specific selection of mutations with potential therapeutic impact.

  Dataset EGAD00001011182

• Cancer treatment re-shapes the somatic mutational landscape of normal esophagus - nanoseq

  Ageing epithelial tissues, including the esophagus, are progressively colonized by somatic mutant clones, some carrying mutations linked to cancer. However, whether normal epithelial mutational landscapes that evolve over decades can be altered by short term interventions such as cancer treatment is not known. Here we sequenced normal esophageal epithelium removed from patients after 5-8 weeks of therapy for esophageal cancer. Some patients had no prior treatment (NT), while others had 8 weeks of 5 Fluorouracil (5-FU) containing chemotherapy (FLOT) or 4 weeks of chemotherapy and radiation directed at the tumor (CROSS). Despite the brief duration of therapy, we observed treatment specific differences in the selection of mutant clones. The median size of mutant TP53 and PPM1D clones in the CROSS group was double that in the other groups. Mutants of the tumor suppressor SPOP were selected in CROSS but not FLOT or NT patients. In FLOT patients we found positive selection of activating MTOR mutations, consistent with the hypothesis that these mutants confer 5-FU resistance. Sequencing densely mutated normal epithelia after cancer reveals treatment specific selection of mutations with potential therapeutic impact.

  Dataset EGAD00001011183

• Cancer treatment re-shapes the somatic mutational landscape of normal esophagus - 2mm targeted

  Ageing epithelial tissues, including the esophagus, are progressively colonized by somatic mutant clones, some carrying mutations linked to cancer. However, whether normal epithelial mutational landscapes that evolve over decades can be altered by short term interventions such as cancer treatment is not known. Here we sequenced normal esophageal epithelium removed from patients after 5-8 weeks of therapy for esophageal cancer. Some patients had no prior treatment (NT), while others had 8 weeks of 5 Fluorouracil (5-FU) containing chemotherapy (FLOT) or 4 weeks of chemotherapy and radiation directed at the tumor (CROSS). Despite the brief duration of therapy, we observed treatment specific differences in the selection of mutant clones. The median size of mutant TP53 and PPM1D clones in the CROSS group was double that in the other groups. Mutants of the tumor suppressor SPOP were selected in CROSS but not FLOT or NT patients. In FLOT patients we found positive selection of activating MTOR mutations, consistent with the hypothesis that these mutants confer 5-FU resistance. Sequencing densely mutated normal epithelia after cancer reveals treatment specific selection of mutations with potential therapeutic impact.

  Dataset EGAD00001011184

• Nanopore sequencing from liquid biopsy: analysis of copy number variations from cell-free DNA of lung cancer patients

  Molecular cancer paper (https://doi.org/10.1186/s12943-021-01327-5): This dataset contain shallow whole-genome sequencing (sWGS) of plasma cell-free DNA from cancer patients and healthy subjects, obtained with both Nanopore and Illumina technology. A total of 6 cancer patients and 5 healthy subjects have been sequenced with Nanopore; 4 of the cancer patients have been also sequenced with Illumina. In addition, genomic DNA from white blood cells of one healthy subjects, genomic and 160bp DNA from HEK cells have been sequenced with Nanopore. Genome Biology paper: 3 additional healthy samples have been sequenced (HU), two different bioinformatic pipeline were applied. 2019: Fastqs from the molecular cancer paper were re-demultiplexed and adapter-trimmed (using guppy for multiplex samples, and porechop for singleplex) preserving 5' ends to allow fragmentomics analysis. HAC: All the samples were basecalled with the same updated High Accuracy model (the latest at the time of the analysis) and post-processed as the 2019 dataset. Raw FAST5 are currently available upon request, but will be uploaded soon.

  Dataset EGAD00001006888

• MutWP5: CRUK Mutographs of Cancer: Breast: Reduction Mammoplasty (WG)(Novaseq)

  Sequencing of LCM-derived microbiopsies from 10 women who underwent reduction mammoplasty. Goal to assess the mutational burden, spectrum, and clonal dynamics within the tissue. Exome data will be used as a driver and clonality screen, highly clonal or driver-containing samples will subsequenctly be sent for whole-genome sequencing. Results from this poriton of the study will be compared to women who are BRCA1/2 germline carriers and those with cancer. . This dataset contains all the data available for this study on 2023-03-08.

  Dataset EGAD00001010113

• MutWP5: CRUK Mutographs of Cancer: Breast: Reduction Mammoplasty (Exome)

  Sequencing of LCM-derived microbiopsies from 10 women who underwent reduction mammoplasty. Goal to assess the mutational burden, spectrum, and clonal dynamics within the tissue. Exome data will be used as a driver and clonality screen, highly clonal or driver-containing samples will subsequently be sent for whole-genome sequencing. Results from this portion of the study will be compared to women who are BRCA1/2 germline carriers and those with cancer. . This dataset contains all the data available for this study on 2023-03-08.

  Dataset EGAD00001010110

• MutWP5: CRUK Mutographs of Cancer: Breast: Reduction Mammoplasty (Exome)(Novaseq)

  Sequencing of LCM-derived microbiopsies from 10 women who underwent reduction mammoplasty. Goal to assess the mutational burden, spectrum, and clonal dynamics within the tissue. Exome data will be used as a driver and clonality screen, highly clonal or driver-containing samples will subsequenctly be sent for whole-genome sequencing. Results from this poriton of the study will be compared to women who are BRCA1/2 germline carriers and those with cancer. . This dataset contains all the data available for this study on 2023-03-08.

  Dataset EGAD00001010116

• Mullighan - PAX5-driven Subtypes

  Using integrated genomic analysis of 1.988 childhood and adult cases, we describe a revised taxonomy of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, which incorporates 23 subtypes defined by chromosomal rearrangements, sequence mutations, or heterogeneous genomic alterations. Two subtypes have frequent alterations of the B lymphoid transcription factor gene PAX5. One, PAX5alt, has diverse PAX5 alterations, and a second subtype is defined by a single mutation, PAX5 P80R. We show that P80R impairs B lymphoid development and promotes the development of B-ALL in vivo. These results demonstrate the utility of transcriptome sequencing to classify B-ALL and reinforce the central role of PAX5 as a checkpoint in B lymphoid maturation and leukemogenesis.

  Study EGAS00001003266

• Personalised therapy with MEK inhibition leads to a sustained complete response in an adolescent patient with a recurrent malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor

  The prognosis of recurrent malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) is dismal, with surgical resection being the only definitive salvage therapy. Treatment with chemo-radiation approaches has not significantly improved patient outcomes. Similarly, trials of therapies targeting MPNST genomic drivers have thus far been unsuccessful. Improved understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of MPNST indicates frequent activation of the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) cell signaling pathway. MEK inhibitors have shown activity in preclinical studies; however, their clinical efficacy has not been reported to date. We describe here a case of sustained complete response to MEK inhibition in an adolescent patient with a recurrent metastatic MPNST with multiple alterations in the MAPK pathway, guided by a precision oncology approach.

  Study EGAS00001004899

• DAC Johns Hopkins University - AML scRNAseq study

  This is the Data Access Committee (DAC) from Johns Hopkins University for the study scRNAseq of acute myeloid leukemia

  Dac EGAC50000000242

• MPNST exome and genome

  This is the complete dataset (exome and genome) for the EGAS00001000974 study.

  Dataset EGAD00001001040

• Genome-wide prediction of human embryos

  This dataset includes whole genome sequence information for three individuals (Mother, Father and Newborn) used in this study. Genomes were sequenced using Illumina HiSeq technology. Files included are fastq files in paired read format.

  Dataset EGAD00001002257

• Whole-exome sequencing and microRNA profiling predicted relapse risk of stage I lung adenocarcinomas

  This dataset contains BAM files for RNA-sequencing of stage I lung adenocarcinomas from Asian patients. In total, there are 107 patients and 107 tumor samples.

  Dataset EGAD00001006187

• Collaborative Cohort of Cohorts for COVID-19 Research (C4R): Severe Asthma Research Program (SARP)

  Cohort Description The Severe Asthma Research Program (SARP) has been investigating the clinical, physiologic and molecular phenotypes of asthma since 2000. It is currently following ~400 deeply phenotyped asthma patients. Data Being Submitted Wave 1 questionnaire data includes 397 variables for up to 375 SARP participants in C4R.Wave 2 questionnaire data includes 448 variables for up to 289 SARP participants in C4R.Dried Blood Spot/Serosurvey data includes 7 variables for up to 290 SARP participants in C4R.Derived data includes 43 variables for up to 463 SARP participants in C4R.Phenotype data includes 113 variables for up to 463 SARP participants in C4R.

  Study phs002913

• A genotype-phenotype study of tumors from patients with inherited mutations in DNA repair genes

  This study investigated the genomic landscape of tumors from patients with inherited mutations in DNA repair genes. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between locus-specific loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and genomic signatures of homologous recombination-based DNA repair (HR) deficiency in tumors associated with pathogenic germline variants in DNA repair genes. Cohorts of pathogenic germline variant (PGV) carriers with different cancer types were identified via a cancer genetics registry and clinical practice at Penn Medicine and through our collaborator network. Tumors were analyzed with next generation sequencing (whole exome and/or targeted panel sequencing) with or without transcriptomic analyses. Sub-study #1 "Non-breast/ovarian tumors in germline BRCA1/2 carriers". This study investigated primary non-breast/ovarian tumors that arise in individuals with BRCA1/BRCA2 pathogenic germline variants (PGVs). Whole exome sequencing (WES) using Agilent All-Exon Kit v7 hybrid capture probes was performed on matched tumor and blood germline normal DNA on an Illumina HiSeq. Individual WES data from DNA samples from tumor and normal are available. Sub-study #2: "Breast tumors in germline CHEK2 carriers". This study investigated primary breast tumors that arise in individuals with CHEK2 pathogenic germline variants (PGVs). Whole exome sequencing (WES) using Agilent All-Exon Kit v7 hybrid capture probes was performed on matched tumor and blood germline normal DNA on an Illumina HiSeq. Whole transcriptome RNAseq was performed on tumors. Individual WES data from DNA samples from tumor and normal and RNAseq data from tumor are available. Sub-study #3: "Breast tumors in germline TP53 carriers". This study investigated primary breast tumors that arise in individuals with TP53 pathogenic germline variants (PGVs). Whole genome sequencing (WGS) and/or custom panel targeted sequencing was performed on matched tumor and blood germline normal DNA on an Illumina HiSeq. Whole transcriptome RNAseq was performed on tumors and normal breast tissue. Individual WGS or targeted data from DNA samples from tumor and normal and RNASeq data from tumor and normal are available. Sub-study #4: "Prostate tumors in germline DNA repair carriers". This study investigated prostate tumors that arise in individuals with a variety of pathogenic germline variants (PGVs). Whole genome sequencing (WGS) and/or custom panel targeted sequencing was performed on matched tumor and blood germline normal DNA on an Illumina HiSeq. Whole transcriptome RNAseq was performed on tumors and normal prostate tissue. Individual WGS or targeted data from DNA samples from tumor and normal and RNASeq data from tumor and normal are available.

  Study phs003348

• Genomic landscapes of endometrioid and mucinous ovarian cancers and morphologically similar tumor types

  While endometrioid and mucinous ovarian cancers represent nearly a quarter of ovarian cancers, their molecular characteristics and pathologic origins are poorly understood. To characterize the genomic and epigenomic alterations of these ovarian cancer subtypes and evaluate links to morphologically similar tumors from other sites, we performed sequence, copy number, mutation signature, rearrangement, and methylation analyses from tumor samples and matched normal tissues of 133 patients. These analyses included patients with ovarian endometrioid (n=44), ovarian mucinous (n=43), uterine endometrial (n=15), and gastrointestinal mucinous cancers (n=31). In addition to identifying genes previously known to be involved in these tumors, we identified alterations in RAD51C, NOTCH4, SMARCA1/4 and JAK1 in ovarian endometrioid, ESR1 in uterine endometrioid, and SMARCA4 in ovarian mucinous cancers. Whole genome sequencing revealed rearrangements involving PTEN, NF1, and NF2 in ovarian endometrioid tumors, and NF1 and MED1 in ovarian mucinous cancers. The number of alterations and affected genes in ovarian and uterine endometrioid cancers were similar as were genome-wide methylation profiles, suggesting that these tumors may have a similar tissue of origin. By contrast, methylation patterns in ovarian mucinous cancers were more similar to other gastrointestinal mucinous cancers, including mucinous cancers of the stomach, colon, and pancreas. These analyses provide insights into the genomic landscapes and origins of mucinous and endometrioid ovarian carcinomas, providing new avenues for early clinical intervention and management of patients with these cancers.

  Study EGAS50000000523

• Germline variants collaborate with somatic mutations and initiate and/or drive disease in primary myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (t-MN)

  Therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (T-MN) are poorly characterized secondary hematological malignancies following chemotherapy/radiotherapy exposure. We compared the clinical and mutational characteristics of T-MN (n=129) and primary myelodysplastic syndrome (P-MDS, n=108) patients. Although the somatic mutation frequency was similar between T-MN and P-MDS patients (93% in both groups), the pattern was distinct. TP53 mutations were more frequent in T-MN (29.5% versus 7%), while spliceosomal complex mutations were more common in P-MDS (56.5% versus 25.6%).In contrast to P-MDS, the ring sideroblasts (RS) phenotype was not associated with better survival in T-MN, most probably due to genetic association with TP53 mutations. SF3B1 was mutated in 96% of P-MDS with ≥15% RS, but in only 32% T-MN. TP53 mutations were detected in 92% T-MN with ≥15% RS and SF3B1 wild-type cases. Interestingly, T-MN and P-MDS patients with “Very low” or “Low” Revised International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS-R) showed similar biological and clinical characteristics. In a Cox-regression analysis, TP53 mutation was a poor prognostic factor in T-MN, independent of IPSS-R cytogenetic, disease-modifying therapy and NRAS mutation.Our data have direct implications for T-MN management and provide evidence that, in addition to conventional disease parameters, mutational analysis should be incorporated in T-MN risk stratification.

  Study EGAS00001003547

• Systematic Growth Factor Profiling Platform for 3D Tumor Models Reveals EstradiolResponsive Cellular Mechanisms of Immunotherapy Resistance

  Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) exhibits significant molecular heterogeneity, which is thought to be influenced by the tumor microenvironment (TME). However, the specific factors driving this heterogeneity remain poorly understood. In this study, we integrated growth factoromics and genomic data to identify TME factors contributing to EOC heterogeneity and immunosuppression. Our analysis revealed distinct subgroups of EOC samples with differential responsiveness to specific growth factors, particularly estradiol and R-spondin. Notably, samples with high responsiveness to estradiol and Wnt (C1 cluster) were enriched in the Mesenchymal (MES) molecular subtype, while samples with high responsiveness to R-spondin (C2 cluster) were associated with the Differentiated (DIF) and Immunoreactive (IMR) subtypes. We discovered that the G protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER), rather than the classical estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), was the key mediator of estrogen responsiveness and a determinant of molecular subtype classification. Single-cell sequencing analysis identified subsets of estrogen-responsive malignant cell (MAL.PDCD5) and cancer-associated fibroblast (FB.TNFSF10), which were associated with immunosuppressive patterns in the TCGA cohort. Importantly, the interaction between these cell populations significantly increased upon estrogen treatment, suggesting a potential mechanism by which estrogen signaling may contribute to the development of an immunosuppressive TME. Our findings highlight the critical role of estrogen signaling in shaping the molecular heterogeneity and immunosuppressive TME of EOC and provide novel insights into potential therapeutic targets for overcoming immunosuppression in this malignancy.

  Study EGAS50000000422

• Pre-Existing Skin-Resident CD8 and γδ T Cell Circuits Mediate Immune Response in Merkel Cell Carcinoma and Predict Immunotherapy Efficacy

  Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an aggressive neuroendocrine skin cancer with a ~50% response rate to immunotherapy. Here, we attempted to identify novel predictive biomarkers of response through extensive and deep multi-omics interrogation of 186 samples from 116 patients. We collectively integrated bulk RNAseq, single-cell RNAseq, multiplex immunofluorescence, and spatial transcriptomics. Importantly, we were also able to study 14 matched pairs of tissue samples from pre- and post-immunotherapy. In non-responders, tumors show evidence of increased tumor cell cycling, expression of neuronal stem cell markers, and IL-1α/β. Responders have evidence of increased type I/II interferon signatures and evidence of pre-existing tissue resident (Trm) CD8 or Vδ1 γδ T cells that functionally converge with overlapping antigen-specific transcriptional programs and clonal expansion of multiple T cell receptors. Spatial transcriptomics demonstrated higher co-localization of T cells with B and dendritic cells in responders, with evidence of expression of chemokines important for co-stimulation. Finally, immunotherapy increased clonal expansion or recruitment of Trm and Vδ1 cells in tumors in responders, further underscoring their therapeutic importance. These data identify potential novel actionable biomarkers and therapeutic targets for MCC.

  Study phs003629

• Patient-derived pediatric brain tumor organoids faithfully recapitulate primary tumors

  Extensive molecular analysis by many groups has revealed a heterogeneous landscape of embryonal brain tumors, including medulloblastoma (MB) and atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumor (ATRT). MB, the most common malignant pediatric brain tumor, is comprised of four molecularly distinct subgroups: Wingless (WNT), Sonic Hedgehog (SHH), Group 3 (G3), and Group 4 (G4). Among these, MB-SHH harboring MYCN amplification and TP53 mutation and MB-G3 with MYC overexpression or amplification constitute the most aggressive tumors, have the poorest clinical outcomes, and lack effective therapeutic options for recurrent disease. Here we describe the establishment of tumor organoid (TO) models from patient-derived orthotopic xenografts (PDOX) of MYCN-amplified and TP53-mutant MB-SHH, MYC-amplified MB-G3 and two ATRT which all grew in mice when reimplanted into the cortices of naïve recipient animals (TOX). Methylation, bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing, and whole genome sequencing demonstrated that TOs and TOXs faithfully recapitulated the molecular landscape and heterogeneity of PDOXs and primary patient tumors compared to established cell lines. The development of TOs will facilitate in vitro high-throughput drug or CRISPR screens without the need for use tumor-bearing mice. This will also accelerate the identification and validation of new vulnerabilities and in vivo preclinical testing toward clinical trials.

  Study EGAS00001008305

• Swarm Learning to identify COVID-19, tuberculosis and leukemia patients based on blood transcriptomes

  Identification of patients with life-threatening diseases including leukemias or infections such as tuberculosis or COVID-19 is an important goal of modern precision medicine. However, there is an increasing divide between what is technically possible and what is allowed because of privacy legislation. We have recently illustrated that classical machine learning can identify leukemia patients based on their blood transcriptomes. To facilitate integration of any omics data from any data owner world-wide without violating privacy laws, we here introduce Swarm Learning (SL), a decentralized machine learning approach uniting edge computing, artificial intelligence (AI), blockchain and privacy protection without the need for a central coordinator thereby going beyond federated learning. To illustrate its feasibility, using more than 12,000 transcriptomes from peripheral blood mononuclear cells and more than 2,000 peripheral blood transcriptomes we demonstrate that SL of omics data distributed across different individual sites leads to disease classifiers that outperform those developed at individual sites. Yet, SL completely protects local privacy regulations by design. We propose this approach to noticeably accelerate the introduction of precision medicine.

  Dataset EGAD00001006231