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• Chromosomal instability shapes the tumor microenvironment of oesophageal adenocarcinoma via a cGAS–chemokine–myeloid axis

  This study employed whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to investigate genomic alterations in oesophagogastric adenocarcinoma, with a focus on mechanisms of chromosomal instability. Twelve tumour samples were analysed, including specimens obtained prior to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and at surgical resection. WGS was used to identify structural variants, quantify tumour mutational burden, and detect potential driver mutations across samples. The study aimed to correlate genomic measures of chromosomal instability with clinicopathological features to improve understanding of tumour biology.

  Study EGAS50000001561

• Exploring_the_landscape_of_somatic_mutations_in_normal_tissue___GI___WGS

  The aim of this project is to investiagte somatic mutations, including rates of mutations and signatures, and clonal dynamics in normal (non-cancerous) human tissues from the gastrointestinal tract. The project will involve the studyof normal tissues from healthy individuals and those with specific candidate diseases. We are utilising laser capture microscopy to idnetifiy and isolate specific cell populations which are then subjected to whole genome sequencing to estimate mutational burdens and begin to understand clonal structures across the normal tissues.

  Study EGAS00001003012

• Melanoma_TIL_Study_Exomes

  In this study, mutations present in a series of human melanomas (stage IV disease) will be determined, using autologous blood cells to obtain a reference genome. From each of teh samples that are analyzed, tumour-infiltrating T lymphocytes have also been isolated. This offers a unique opportunity to determine which (fraction of) mutations in human cancer leads to epitopes that are recognized by T cells. The resulting information is likely to be of value to understand how T cell activating drugs exert their action.

  Study EGAS00001000216

• Barcelona_kids_with_melanoma

  This set of samples is composed of eight young people (7-16 years old) that have developed melanoma with first-degree relatives that have also developed cancer, which suggests a genetic component to their disease. Here we want to sequence these samples in order to find the causative mutations. As these samples do not carry any of the high-penetrance mutations known to date, finding the genes(s) responsible will offer new insights into the genetic mechanisms underlying predisposition to melanoma.

  Study EGAS00001000733

• Melanoma_Til_Study_RNAseq

  In this study, mutations present in a series of human melanomas (stage IV disease) will be determined, using autologous blood cells to obtain a reference genome. From each of the samples that are analyzed, tumour-infiltrating T lymphocytes have also been isolated. This offers a unique opportunity to determine which (fraction of) mutations in human cancer leads to epitopes that are recognized by T cells. The resulting information is likely to be of value to understand how T cell activating drugs exert their action.

  Study EGAS00001000251

• Exploring_the_landscape_of_somatic_mutations_in_normal_tissue___UGI___WGS

  The aim of this project is to investiagte somatic mutations, including rates of mutations and signatures, and clonal dynamics in normal (non-cancerous) human tissues from the gastrointestinal tract. The project will involve the studyof normal tissues from healthy individuals and those with specific candidate diseases. We are utilising laser capture microscopy to idnetifiy and isolate specific cell populations which are then subjected to whole genome sequencing to estimate mutational burdens and begin to understand clonal structures across the normal tissues.

  Study EGAS00001003541

• Exploring_the_landscape_of_somatic_mutations_in_normal_tissue___BD___WGS

  The aim of this project is to investiagte somatic mutations, including rates of mutations and signatures, and clonal dynamics in normal (non-cancerous) human tissues from the biliary tree. The project will involve the studyof normal tissues from healthy individuals and those with specific candidate diseases. We are utilising laser capture microscopy to idnetifiy and isolate specific cell populations which are then subjected to whole genome sequencing to estimate mutational burdens and begin to understand clonal structures across the normal tissues.

  Study EGAS00001003014

• Exploring_the_landscape_of_somatic_mutations_in_normal_tissue___GI___TPS___WGS

  The aim of this project is to investigate somatic mutations, including rates of mutations and signatures, and clonal dynamics in normal (non-cancerous) human tissues from the gastrointestinal tract. The project will involve the study of normal tissues from healthy individuals and those with specific candidate diseases. We are utilising laser capture microscopy to identify and isolate specific cell populations which are then subjected to whole genome sequencing to estimate mutational burdens and begin to understand clonal structures across the normal tissues.

  Study EGAS00001003089

• Blood RNA-seq from Mexican DMD patients and healthy controls

  These data are part of a study that aimed to assess the potential of blood RNA-seq to track non-invasively disease progression for DMD. In particular, here we focus on a study designed to compare gene expression in blood from DMD patients to that of healthy controls. These data are analysed in the following manuscript: Signorelli, M., Ebrahimpoor, M. et al. (accepted). Peripheral blood transcriptome profiling enables monitoring disease progression in dystrophic mice and patients. To appear in EMBO Molecular Medicine.

  Study EGAS00001004907

• PELICAN33 longitudinal clinical and autopsy phenomic assessment in lethal metastatic prostate cancer

  Objective: To identify novel phenotypes and features associated with metastatic prostate cancer (mPC) outcome, and to identify biomarker and data requirements to be tested in future precision oncology trials. Design, Setting, and Participants: We analyzed deep longitudinal clinical, neuroendocrine expression, and autopsy data of 33 men who died from mPC between 1995 and 2004 (PELICAN33), and related findings to mPC biomarkers reported in the literature. Intervention: 33 men prospectively consented to participate in an integrated clinical-molecular rapid autopsy study of mPC.

  Study EGAS00001005399

• Exome sequencing of samples taken at multipl time points to monitor therapy response in AML

  As part of our individualized systems medicine program, personalized treatment options are identified and administered to chemorefractory AML patients based on exome sequencing and ex-vivo drug sensitivity and resistance testing data. In this study, we developed this approach further to take into account clonal heterogeneity and analyzed responses of 13 AML patients to chemotherapy and six patients to targeted treatments by using exome and ultra-deep amplicon resequencing. The data submitted includes fastq files from exome sequencing of multiple time-point samples collected from the 13 patients. In this study we identified rare subclonal variants present at diagnosis or later relapse samples and developed a correlation-based method to compare subclonal responses in serial samples across multiple time-points. Significant subclone-specific responses were observed subsequent to chemotherapy and specifically to targeted therapy in five patients.

  Study EGAS00001001948

• NHLBI GO-ESP: Family Studies (Thoracic aortic aneurysms leading to acute aortic dissections)

  The NHLBI "Grand Opportunity" Exome Sequencing Project (GO-ESP), a signature project of the NHLBI Recovery Act investment, was designed to identify genetic variants in coding regions (exons) of the human genome (the "exome") that are associated with heart, lung and blood diseases. These and related diseases that are of high impact to public health and individuals from diverse racial and ethnic groups will be studied. These data may help researchers understand the causes of disease, contributing to better ways to prevent, diagnose, and treat diseases, as well as determine whether to tailor prevention and treatments to specific populations. This could lead to more effective treatments and reduce the likelihood of side effects. GO-ESP is comprised of five collaborative components: 3 cohort consortia - HeartGO, LungGO, and WHISP - and 2 sequencing centers - BroadGO and SeattleGO. Acute aortic dissections are a common cause of premature death in the United States, ranking as high as the 15th leading cause of death. The goal of the Familial Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm and Dissection (TAAD) study at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston is to identify the genes causing thoracic aortic disease, and prevent premature deaths due to aortic dissections by identifying individuals who are genetically predisposed to the disease and initiating medical and surgical therapies to prevent dissections. In this study ("NHLBI GO-ESP Family Studies: Aortic Disease"), we have selected a series of families from the TAAD study, and are performing exome sequencing of 2 to 3 individuals per family.

  Study phs000347

• CTN - 0051: Extended-Release Naltrexone vs. Buprenorphine for Opioid Treatment (X:BOT)

  The overarching goal of CTN-0051 is to foster adoption of new relapse-prevention pharmacotherapies in community-based treatment programs (CTPs) where these could have a substantial public health impact. To this end CTN-0051 will assess the comparative effectiveness of extended-release injectable naltrexone (XR-NTX, Vivitrol®), an opioid antagonist recently approved and indicated for the prevention of relapse to opioid dependence, versus buprenorphine-naloxone (BUP-NX, Suboxone®), a high affinity partial agonist indicated for maintenance treatment of opioid dependence, as pharmacotherapeutic aids to recovery. The study is conducted in 8 CTN-affiliated CTPs that provide or partner with detoxification services (inpatient/residential) which have the capacity to maintain participants opioid-free for approximately 3-7 days, have the capacity to provide medication-assisted therapy, and can provide a minimum of one group or individual counseling session per week during the 24-week treatment period. Up to 600 eligible participants will be randomized to treatment with XR-NTX or BUP-NX for 24 weeks (sufficient to include 350 participants who are randomized more than 72 hours after their last opioid). To maximize generalizability, the point of randomization is flexible, from shortly after program admission until just prior to program discharge. The primary goal of the study is to estimate the difference, if one exists, between XR-NTX and BUP-NX in the distribution of the time to relapse (i.e., loss of persistent abstinence) during the 6-month trial. The primary outcome measure is the time to the event, with the event called relapse. Secondary objectives are to: (1) compare outcome on XR-NTX versus BUP-NX across a range of clinical safety and secondary efficacy domains, (2) explore demographic, clinical, and genetic predictors of successful treatment and moderators of differential effectiveness (i.e., what variables may help clinicians choose which of these treatments is best for a given patient), and (3) collect a limited dataset to permit analyses of economic costs and benefits of the two treatments.

  Study phs002876

• Identifying transcriptional programs underlying anti-EGFR small molecule response and resistance with TraCe-seq

  Genetic and non-genetic heterogeneity within cancer cell populations represents a major challenge to anti-cancer therapies. We currently lack robust methods to determine how pre-existing and adaptive features affect cellular responses to therapies. Here, by conducting clonal fitness mapping and transcriptional characterization using expressed barcodes and single-cell RNA-sequencing, we have developed TraCe-seq, a method that captures at clonal resolution the origin, fate, and differential early adaptive transcriptional programs of cells in a complex population in response to distinct treatments. We used TraCe-seq to benchmark how next-generation dual EGFR inhibitors-degraders compare to standard EGFR kinase inhibitors in EGFR-mutant lung cancer cells. To QC the TraCe-seq strategy, single-cell RNA-seq libraries were generated from a variety of human cancer cell lines transduced with the TraCe-seq library to validate the TraCe-seq strategy. Specifically, 5 different cell lines (PC9, MCF-10A, MDA-MB-231, NCI-H358, and NCI-H1373) were each transduced with a unique TraCe-seq barcode. The transduced cells were selected with puromycin only, dissociated to single cell suspensions, and then mixed together. The complex mixture of the 5 cell lines was profiled by 10X scRNA-seq. Furthermore, transduced NCI-H1373 cells were sorted by FACS to enrich for the top 50% of eGFP positive cells, and sorted cells were cultured briefly and used to construct scRNA-seq libraries and profiled by 10x scRNA-seq. To carry out the full TraCe-seq experiment, ~600 PC9 cells carrying unique TraCe-seq barcodes were expanded over 12 doublings to establish the barcoded population. A subset of the barcoded PC9 population was used to generate scRNA-seq libraries and profiled by 10x scRNA-seq prior to treatment to establish a baseline transcription profile for each barcoded clone. The rest of the cells were then treated for four days with 1 µM erlotinib, 1 µM GNE-069, or 1 µM GNE-104 respectively. scRNA-seq libraries were then generated form the treated cells and profiled by 10x scRNA-seq.

  Study EGAS00001005405

• Machine Learning Signal Enrichment for Ultrasensitive Plasma Tumor Burden Monitoring

  In solid tumor oncology, circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is poised to transform care through accurate assessment of minimal residual disease (MRD) and therapeutic response monitoring. To overcome the sparsity of ctDNA fragments in low tumor fraction (TF) settings and increase MRD sensitivity, we previously leveraged genome-wide mutational integration through plasma whole genome sequencing (WGS). We now introduce MRD-EDGE, a composite machine learning-guided WGS ctDNA single nucleotide variant (SNV) and copy number variant (CNV) detection platform designed to increase signal enrichment. MRD-EDGESNV uses deep learning and a ctDNA-specific feature space to increase SNV signal-to-noise enrichment in WGS by 300X compared to previous WGS error suppression. MRD-EDGECNV also reduces the degree of aneuploidy needed for ultrasensitive CNV detection through WGS from 1 Gb to 200 Mb, thereby expanding its applicability to a wider range of solid tumors. We harness the improved performance to identify MRD following surgery in multiple cancer types, track changes in tumor burden in response to neoadjuvant immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and demonstrate ctDNA shedding in precancerous colorectal adenomas. Finally, the radical signal-to-noise enrichment in MRD-EDGESNV enables de novo mutation calling in melanoma and small cell lung cancer (SCLC) without matched tumor, yielding clinically informative TF monitoring for patients on immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI).

  Study EGAS00001007451

• Machine learning guided signal enrichment for ultrasensitive plasma tumor burden monitoring

  In solid tumor oncology, circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is poised to transform care through accurate assessment of minimal residual disease (MRD) and therapeutic response monitoring. To overcome the sparsity of ctDNA fragments in low tumor fraction (TF) settings and increase MRD sensitivity, we previously leveraged genome-wide mutational integration through plasma whole genome sequencing (WGS). We now introduce MRD-EDGE, a composite machine learning-guided WGS ctDNA single nucleotide variant (SNV) and copy number variant (CNV) detection platform designed to increase signal enrichment. MRD-EDGESNV uses deep learning and a ctDNA-specific feature space to increase SNV signal-to-noise enrichment in WGS by 300X compared to previous WGS error suppression. MRD-EDGECNV also reduces the degree of aneuploidy needed for ultrasensitive CNV detection through WGS from 1 Gb to 200 Mb, thereby expanding its applicability to a wider range of solid tumors. We harness the improved performance to identify MRD following surgery in multiple cancer types, track changes in tumor burden in response to neoadjuvant immunotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and demonstrate ctDNA shedding in precancerous colorectal adenomas. Finally, the radical signal-to-noise enrichment in MRD-EDGESNV enables de novo mutation calling in melanoma and small cell lung cancer (SCLC) without matched tumor, yielding clinically informative TF monitoring for patients on immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI).

  Study EGAS00001007545

• SCLC

  The aim of this study is to use sequence data generated from 500 bp paired end reads using the Illumina platform to characterise the breakpoints of chromosomal translocations, amplifications and deletions at high resolution (to the bp).

  Study EGAS00001000009

• TEST_STUDY for submitter testing

  This is a test study for the purpose of submitters wishing to test the EGA submission procedure. All objects, such as DAC and datasets, linked to this study can also be considered to be for testing purposes.

  Study EGAS00001000889

• Y_chromosome_mis_segregation_in_the_DLD_1_cell_line

  Study of the well-established DLD-1 colorectal cancer cell line, engineered with an inactivatable Y centromere that leads to mis-segregation. The goal is to gain insights into the mechanism of chromothripsis due to chromosome mis-segration.

  Study EGAS00001002551

• Genomic and Genetic Characterization of Prostate Tumors Treated with Neoadjuvant Intense Androgen Deprivation Therapy

  The purpose of this study was to develop better ways of detecting prostate cancer before and after pre-operative treatment, and to test the feasibility of multi parametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) for the localization and detection of focal prostate cancer both before and after pre-operative treatment with ADT and enzalutamide. In this study, patients with intermediate and high risk prostate cancer received six months of neoadjuvant intense androgen deprivation therapy prior to radical prostatectomy. Biopsies were acquired prior to treatment. Tissue from biopsy and radical prostatectomy were subjected to sequencing and analysis for determination of features associated with response or resistance to treatment.

  Study phs001938

• Genomics of Relapsed Small Cell Lung Cancer Progression

  Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) accounts for nearly 15% of all patients with lung cancer. Though the response to initial therapy is favorable in many patients, a majority of patients go on to develop recurrent disease which is very difficult to treat. The response rates to chemotherapy are very low and most patients succumb to relapsed SCLC within a few months. Virtually no progress has been made in the treatment of SCLC in the last three decades. In order to better understand the molecular alterations in relapsed SCLC, we have generated exome and RNA sequence from normal, primary tumor and relapse tissues of SCLC patients.

  Study phs001049

• Genomic DNA analysis for malignant mesothelioma from the patients of Japan and USA.

  Malignant mesotheliomas (MMs) are highly aggressive adult malignancies and exposure to asbestos is the major factor involved in MM pathogenesis. It is desirable for a better understanding of the molecular pathogenesis of MM will lead to more specific and effective targeted therapies. In addition it is reported that germline mutation in a specific gene (ex. BAP1) associates familial MMs, and new candidate markers to determine a subject?s predisposition to MM and for early detection need to be identified. Analysis of genomic DNA from MM tumors and reference peripheral blood from Japan and USA are ongoing to find the common genomic characters beyond race.

  Study JGAS000108

• Combination Therapies for Personalised Cancer Medicine in drug resistant EGFR mutant lung cancer

  This study involves mutagenizing a range of different cell lines with ENU to identify those mutations which engender resistance to targeted treatment. In the last decade we have begun to move towards the use of targeted therapeutics in the clinic, often resulting in dramatic response rates in cancer patients. However, clinical experience has demonstrated time and time again that such responses are invariably followed by the development of drug resistance. Identification of the underlying mechanisms may enable us to reverse such resistance. Traditional methods of modelling this resistance in vitro can lead to a plethora of potential resistance mechanisms that can be difficult to decipher.

  Study EGAS00001002509

• Combination Therapies for Personalised Cancer Medicine in 11-18

  This study involves mutagenizing 11-18 with ENU to identify those mutations which engender resistance to targeted treatment. In the last decade we have begun to move towards the use of targeted therapeutics in the clinic, often resulting in dramatic response rates in cancer patients. However, clinical experience has demonstrated time and time again that such responses are invariably followed by the development of drug resistance. Identification of the underlying mechanisms may enable us to reverse such resistance. Traditional methods of modelling this resistance in vitro can lead to a plethora of potential resistance mechanisms that can be difficult to decipher.

  Study EGAS00001002579

• CSER: South-Seq: DNA Sequencing for Newborn Nurseries in the South

  SouthSeq, part of the Clinical Sequencing Evidence-Generating Research (CSER2) effort, aims to perform genome sequencing for infants in nurseries at hospitals in Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Kentucky. SouthSeq aims to sequence 600 newborn babies presenting with congenital anomalies, or other signs of a rare genetic disorder. The primary goals of SouthSeq are to provide early diagnoses to children with rare genetic conditions, to demonstrate the utility of genome sequencing as a frontline test with potential to improve intermediate and long-term clinical outcomes, and to equip non-genetics providers to deliver test results in order to facilitate the conduction of genome sequencing outside of major medical centers where patients may not have access to a genetics provider. SouthSeq also aims to ensure that genomic testing is applied across diverse communities; recruitment efforts focus on patients from rural and minority populations that have been historically under-represented in both medicine and genomics research. Sequencing and analysis for SouthSeq are being conducted at the HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology in Huntsville, Alabama (https://www.hudsonalpha.org/). Enrollment of infants with signs of genetic disease is approved at five clinical sites, including nurseries at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, the University of Mississippi Medical Center, Woman's Hospital in Baton Rouge, Children's Hospital in New Orleans, and the University of Louisville. Both biological parents are enrolled when available so that follow-up testing can be performed to determine inheritance. Further, participant families may choose to opt-into return of secondary findings identified in the proband, which focus on pathogenic and likely pathogenic variation identified within ACMG SFv3.0 genes.

  Study phs002307