Search Results - EGA European Genome-Phenome Archive

multi-OMICs study of a pair of infant monozygotic twins with concordant B-cell ALL

B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-cell ALL) is the most common cancer in childhood. Studying identical twins with B-cell ALL provides a unique and tractable model for deciphering the developmental timing of pre- and post-natal mutations contributing to clonal evolution. To date, this has mainly focused on major cytogenetic subgroups of childhood B-cell ALL, including MLL fusions, ETV6-RUNX1, hyperdiploidy, and BCR-ABL1. However, formal demonstration of the prenatal origin and “backtracking” the natural history of the leukemia remains understudied in “B-other”/Normal Karyotype (NK) B-cell ALL. To characterize the genetic and the epigenetic landscape of this particular leukemia subtype, we performed whole genome DNA-, B-cell receptor (BCR)-, and DNA bisulfite-sequencing on a pair of 8-month-old monozygotic twins diagnosed with concordant “B-other”/NK B-cell ALL.

Study EGAS00001003651

miRNA expression data from primary tumors, metastasis and matched normals.

MicroRNAs (miRs) have been recognized as promising biomarkers. It is unknown to what extent tumor-derived miRs are differentially expressed between primary colorectal cancers (pCRCs) and metastatic lesions, and to what extent the expression profiles of tumor tissue differ from the surrounding normal tissue. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) of 220 fresh-frozen samples, including paired primary and metastatic tumor tissue and non-tumorous tissue from 38 patients, revealed expression of 2245 known unique mature miRs and 515 novel candidate miRs. Unsupervised clustering of miR expression profiles of pCRC tissue with paired metastases did not separate the two entities, whereas unsupervised clustering of miR expression profiles of pCRC with normal colorectal mucosa demonstrated complete separation of the tumor samples from their paired normal mucosa. Two hundred and twenty-two miRs differentiated both pCRC and metastases from normal tissue samples (false discovery rate (FDR) <0.05). The highest expressed tumor-specific miRs were miR-21 and miR-92a, both previously described to be involved in CRC with potential as circulating biomarker for early detection. Only eight miRs, 0.5% of the analysed miR transcriptome, were differentially expressed between pCRC and the corresponding metastases (FDR <0.1), consisting of five known miRs (miR-320b, miR-320d, miR-3117, miR-1246 and miR-663b) and three novel candidate miRs (chr 1-2552-5p, chr 8-20656-5p and chr 10-25333-3p). These results indicate that previously unrecognized candidate miRs expressed in advanced CRC were identified using NGS. In addition, miR expression profiles of pCRC and metastatic lesions are highly comparable and may be of similar predictive value for prognosis or response to treatment in patients with advanced CRC.

Dataset EGAD00001001644

Bladder Cancer Organoids as a Functional System to Model Different Disease Stages and Therapy Response

The study 'Bladder Cancer Organoids as a Functional System to Model Different Disease Stages and Therapy Response' reports the genomic characterization at the single allele level upon Whole Exome Sequencing of Bladder Cancer (BLCa) Patient Tumor (PT) samples obtained from 18 patients and corresponding Patient Derived Organoids (PDOs), implementing the SPICE pipeline (Ciani Y et al). Our cohort included 21 PTs and 22 PDOs. In this study, we generated a unique biobank resource of BLCa organoids that encompasses a broad spectrum of disease stages. We demonstrated that PDOs retain cancer heterogeneity and mutational burden. Furthermore, we observed that BLCa PDO can have different morphologies which may reflect tumor-specific features. Indeed, a solid morphology may be associated with more advanced tumors, as supported by the high PDO genomic burden and high primary tumor stage. Moreover, with our drug screening pipeline, we demonstrated the clinical relevance and feasibility of using a BLCa PDO-based drug assay for comparing the standard of care (SOC) drugs with compounds not currently in use for BLCa. Response to SOC was highly heterogeneous with approximately 50% of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer and 33% of muscle invasive bladder cancer PDOs showing no or minimal response. The most effective targeted therapy was lapatinib. We used an integrative analysis of drug response profiles with matched PDO genomic analysis to determine enrichment thresholds for candidate markers of therapy resistance and sensitivity. Importantly, by assessing the clinical history of longitudinally sampled cases, the clonal evolution of the disease could be determined and matched with PDO drug response profiles.

Study phs003149

Histological Transformation and Progression in Follicular Lymphoma: a Clonal Evolution Study

Background: Follicular lymphoma (FL) is an indolent, yet incurable B-cell malignancy. A subset of patients experience increased mortality rate driven by two distinct clinical end points: histological transformation and early progression after immuno-chemotherapy. The nature of tumor clonal dynamics leading to these clinical endpoints is poorly understood and previously determined genetic alterations do not explain the majority of transformed cases or accurately predict early progressive disease. We contend that detailed knowledge of the expansion patterns of specific cell populations plus their associated mutations would provide insight into therapeutic strategies and disease biology over the timecourse of FL clinical histories. Methods and Findings: Using a combination of whole genome sequencing, targeted deep sequencing and digital droplet PCR on matched diagnostic and relapse specimens, we deciphered the constituent clonal populations in n=15 transformation patients and n=6 progressors, and measured their change in abundance over time. We observed widely divergent patterns of clonal dynamics in transformed cases relative to progressed cases. Transformation specimens were generally composed of clones that were rare or absent in diagnostic specimens, consistent with dramatic clonal expansions that came to dominate the transformation specimen. This pattern was independent of time to transformation and treatment modality. By contrast, progression specimens were composed of clones that were already present in the diagnostic specimens and exhibited only moderate clonal dynamics, even in the presence of immuno-chemotherapy. Analysis of somatic mutations impacting 94 genes was undertaken in a validation cohort consisting of 395 samples from 277 patients in order to decipher disrupted biology in the two clinical endpoints. We found 12 genes were more commonly mutated in transformed samples than in preceding FL, including TP53, B2M, CCND3, GNA13, S1PR2 and P2RY8. Moreover, 10 genes were more commonly mutated in diagnostic specimens of early progressors including TP53, BTG1, MKI67 and XBP1. Conclusions: Our results illuminate contrasting modes of evolution shaping the clinical histories of transformation and progression. They have implication for interpretation of evolutionary dynamics in the context of treatment-induced selective pressures, and indicate that transformation and progression will require different clinical management strategies.

Study EGAS00001001709

Substantial somatic genomic variation and selection for BCOR mutations in human induced pluripotent stem cells

Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (hiPSC) are an established patient-specific model system where opportunities are emerging for cell-based therapies. We compared and contrasted hiPSCs derived from different tissues, skin and blood, in the same individual. We show extensive single-nucleotide mutagenesis in all hiPSC lines, although fibroblast-derived hiPSCs (F-hiPSCs) are particularly heavily mutagenized by ultraviolet (UV)-related damage. We utilized genome sequencing data on 454 F-hiPSCs and 44 blood-derived hiPSCs (B-hiPSCs) to gain further insights. Across 324 whole genome sequenced (WGS) F-hiPSCs derived by the Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Initiative (HipSci), UV-related damage is present in ~72% of cell lines, sometimes causing substantial mutagenesis (range 0.25-15 per Mb). Furthermore, we find remarkable genomic heterogeneity between independent F-hiPSC clones derived from the same reprogramming process in the same donor, due to oligoclonal populations within fibroblasts. Combining WGS and exome-sequencing data of 452 HipSci F-hiPSCs, we identify 272 predicted pathogenic mutations in cancer-related genes, of which 21 genes were hit recurrently three or more times, involving 77 (17%) lines. Notably, 151 of 272 mutations were present in starting fibroblast populations suggesting that more than half of putative driver events in F-hiPSCs were acquired in vivo. In contrast, B-hiPSCs reprogrammed from erythroblasts show lower levels of genome-wide mutations (range 0.28-1.4 per Mb), no UV damage, but a strikingly high prevalence of acquired BCOR mutations in ~57% of lines, indicative of strong selection pressure. All hiPSCs had otherwise stable, diploid genomes on karyotypic pre-screening, highlighting how copy-number-based approaches do not have the required resolution to detect widespread nucleotide mutagenesis. This work strongly suggests that models for cell-based therapies require detailed nucleotide-resolution characterization prior to clinical application.

Dataset EGAD00001007029

Fetal Chorioamniotic Membranes Show Molecular Changes in Placenta Previa and Placenta Accreta Spectrum

Placenta previa and the placenta accreta spectrum (PAS) are understudied pregnancy disorders with serious consequences for both mother and infant. To better understand the molecular and cellular etiologies of these diseases, we performed 3SEQ of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) fetal chorioamniotic membrane samples from PAS, previa, and gestationally age-matched spontaneous pre-term birth samples to identify molecule signatures of these diseases. These samples were subsequently validated using a second validation cohort of previa, PAS, and control patients. FFPE archival samples provide opportunities for retrospective molecular investigation of many diseases.

Study phs002075

Timing chromosomal amplification events using patterns of somatic mutations in high hyperdiploid acute lymphoblastic leukemia

This dataset included samples with high hyperdiploid acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) collected from the Division of Clinical Genetics, Lund University, Sweden. All samples were subjected to whole genome sequencing using the Illumina HiSeqX platform. Paired-end sequencing (2x150bp) was done to ~60x coverage for diagnostic samples and ~30x coverage for remission samples. The paired-end reads were aligned to the human reference genome GRCh37 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/assembly/GCF_000001405.25/) by the Burrows-Wheeler Aligner tool (version 0.7.17). Duplicate reads marking and local realignment were performed by GATK (version 4.0.11.0).

Study EGAS00001007052

Mapping genetic variants that underlie gene regulation in intestinal cell types to identify novel, validated, Crohn’s disease drug targets

Biopsies from the terminal ileum and rectum of healthy individuals and terminal ileum and blood from Crohns disease patients are collected and processed single cells and processed for single-cell RNA-sequencing using 10X Genomics 3' v3 and v3.1 and Illumina sequencing. This data is part of a pre-publication release. For information on the proper use of pre-publication data shared by the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute (including details of any publication moratoria), please see http://www.sanger.ac.uk/datasharing/

Study EGAS00001003647

The Genetic Basis of Aggressive Prostate Cancer, The Role of Rare Variation

In this study, we will apply a multi-staged approach to reveal genes harboring rare variants that are associated with aggressive PCa. Whole-exome sequencing (Aim 1a) of 2,774 aggressive cases and 2,776 non-aggressive cases of European ancestry will be conducted followed by rare variant analysis of single sites and gene burden testing to identify novel susceptibility loci/genes for aggressive disease. We will validate the most significantly associated genes (~500) through targeted sequencing in an additional 6,415 aggressive and 5,586 non-aggressive cases and 1,890 controls (Aim 1b). Next, we will investigate the clinical predictive utility of the genes/variants identified in 2,291 cases in the STHM3 trial who are undergoing biopsy based on PSA and genetic risk score stratification (Aim 2). Through this tiered approach we expect to significantly advance knowledge of aggressive PCa etiology and health disparities as well as guide the development of early detection and prognostic strategies for the subset of men who are most susceptible to this fatal form of disease. In this case-case study of aggressive vs non aggressive prostate cancer, aggressive cases are defined as prostate cancer as cause of death, (T4 disease or T3 disease) and Gleason 8+. Non-aggressive cases are men with T1/2 disease and Gleason ACKNOWLEDGMENTS and CONTRIBUTING SITES CAPS, PROCAP, STHM1, STHM2: Swedish Cancer Society (CAN 2016/818), Swedish Research Council (2014/2269).STHM3: Stockholm County Council (Stockholms Läns Landsting).MEC: Funding provided by the National Cancer Institute: Understanding Ethnic Differences in Cancer, 2U01CA164973 and The Genetic Basis of Aggressive Prostate Cancer, The Role of Rare Variation, 5R01CA196931-02.ATBC: The ATBC Study is supported by the Intramural Research Program of the U.S. National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, and by U.S. Public Health Service contract HHSN261201500005C from the National Cancer Institute, Department of Health and Human Services.COSM: The Swedish Research Council/National Research Infrastructure Grant (VR 2014/6397; VR 2015/5997) The Swedish Cancer Foundation (CAN 2013/456; CAN 2016/727)CPSII: The authors express sincere appreciation to all Cancer Prevention Study II participants and to each member of the study and biospecimen management group. The American Cancer Society funds the creation, maintenance, and updating of the Cancer Prevention Study-II cohort.MCCS/APCS/PCFS: The Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study (MCCS) recruitment was funded by VicHealth and Cancer Council Victoria and further supported by Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) grants 209057 and 396414. The Aggressive Prostate Cancer Case-Control Study (APCS) was funded by NHMRC grant 623204. The Prostate Cancer Family Study (PCFS) was fully funded by Cancer Council Victoria. Cancer Council Victoria funds the continuing maintenance and updating of the MCCS, APCS and PCFS. Cases and their vital status are ascertained and followed up through the Victorian Cancer Registry and the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, including the National Death Index and the Australian Cancer Database.PLCO: The Prostate Lung Colorectal Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial (PLCO) was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics and by contracts from the Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, US National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services. EPIC: The coordination of EPIC is financially supported by International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) and also by the Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London which has additional infrastructure support provided by the NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre (BRC). The national cohorts are supported by: Danish Cancer Society (Denmark); Ligue Contre le Cancer, Institut Gustave Roussy, Mutuelle Générale de l'Education Nationale, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) (France); German Cancer Aid, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam- Rehbruecke (DIfE), Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) (Germany); Associazione Italiana per la Ricerca sul Cancro-AIRC-Italy, Compagnia di SanPaolo and National Research Council (Italy); Dutch Ministry of Public Health, Welfare and Sports (VWS), Netherlands Cancer Registry (NKR), LK Research Funds, Dutch Prevention Funds, Dutch ZON (Zorg Onderzoek Nederland), World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF), Statistics Netherlands (The Netherlands); Health Research Fund (FIS) - Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Regional Governments of Andalucía, Asturias, Basque Country, Murcia and Navarra, and the Catalan Institute of Oncology - ICO (Spain); Swedish Cancer Society, Swedish Research Council and County Councils of Skåne and Västerbotten (Sweden); Cancer Research UK (14136 to EPIC-Norfolk; C8221/A19170 and C8221/A29017 to EPIC-Oxford), Medical Research Council (1000143 to EPIC-Norfolk; MR/M012190/1 to EPIC-Oxford). (United Kingdom). DFCI: Linda and Arthur Gelb and Rebecca and Nathan Milikowsky. HPFS and PHS: The Health Professionals Follow-up Study was supported by U01 167552 and P01 CA228696 from the National Cancer Institute, and with support from the Prostate Cancer Foundation. The Physicians' Health Study was supported by grants CA34944, CA40360, CA097193, HL26490 and HL34595.Northwestern: P50CA180995 (Catalona) 08/01/15 – 07/31/20 NIH/NCI SPORE in Prostate Cancer; The Urological Research FoundationPROMPT: MRC UK - Project reference G0500966, Cambridge BRC infrastructure funding, Cambridge Biomedical Research Campus (BRC-1215-20014), CRUK Cambridge Cancer Centre infrastructure funding (they are requesting this statement is written in blue for publications).ICR: This work was supported by the NIH R01 grant 5R01CA196931-02. The samples from the UK were from UKGPCS and PrompT. The UKGPCS study was supported by Cancer Research UK (grant numbers C5047/A7357, C1287/A10118, C1287/A5260, C5047/A3354, C5047/A10692, C16913/A6135 and C16913/A6835). We would like to acknowledge the NCRN nurses and Consultants for their work in the UKGPCS study. We thank all the patients who took part in this study. We also acknowledge The Institute of Cancer Research, The National Cancer Research Network UK, The National Cancer Research Institute (NCRI) UK for their ongoing support. We are grateful for support of NIHR funding to the NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at The Institute of Cancer Research and The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust.Funding:CIDR grant X01HG008336

Study phs001524

Targeted replication of LVOTO genes

Non-syndromic cases of congenital heart defects (CHD) exhibit variable modes of inheritance (Mendelian and non-Mendelian). Several studies have identified strong candidates in humans by taking a candidate gene approach as well as by using whole exome next generation sequencing (NGS). So far these studies could only explain a minor fraction of the observed phenotype in humans, most of them in syndromic cases and no single study has focused on the subset of cases with left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO). To discover novel disease-causing genes a large cohort of patients with LVOTO, approximately 100 cases, 25 families and 100 trios have been exome sequenced. This study based on NGS sequencing data yielded several known and novel compelling candidate genes, such as MYH6, NR2F2 and MYH11, but also novel ones, such as ITGB4. To evaluate the significance of our findings in a replication cohort we assembled another 1614 cases with an LVOTO phenotype from our collaborators in Toronto, Berlin and Amsterdam. Targeted resequencing in this additional cohort will help to find additional cases with mutations in the identified candidate genes to strengthen genotype-phenotype association. We will use control data from the INTERVAL project for case/control analyses The pulldowns will be performed as 24-plex ISC with 192 or greater indexes, and the sequencing will be performed with 192 samples per lane, requiring 9 lanes of sequencing.

Dataset EGAD00001002212

The mutational landscape of skin tumours in CYLD cutaneous syndrome determined

Patients with germline mutations in CYLD can develop hundreds of benign skin tumours called cylindromas. The development of multiple tumours within a single patient at sun-protected and sun-exposed sites, varying tumour histological patterns and grades of malignancy allow for the testing of several genetic hypothesis in relation to cutaneous carcinogenesis. By adopting the unprecedented approach of whole genome sequencing of multiple benign skin tumours within individuals in multigenerational families, we set out to study the impact of mutational diversity on models such as multistep carcinogenesis as well as non-sequential carcinogenesis. Using non-negative matrix factorisation (NMF) to discover mutational signatures, we found distinct mutational signatures in identical benign tumours (N=2 patients; n=11 tumours) at sun exposed and sun protected skin tumours within a mother and her daughter. We found recurrent mutations in epigenetic modifying genes in CCS tumours which are known to have an oncogenic dependency on Wnt signalling. We also demonstrate that cutaneous tumours that metastasize to the lung carry a a UV signature, supporting the origin from the skin. Distinct malignant tumours, such as BCC and malignant spiradenocarcinoma carried unique driver mutations. These findings add new dimensions to the existing paradigms of UV-induced skin cancer and highlight the utility of studying rare disease to gain novel insights into genetic mechanisms of tumour formation.

Dataset EGAD00001004573

Experimental PfSPZ Vaccine in Adults Without Malaria

The study was performed to evaluate whole-blood transcriptomic profiles via RNA-seq before, during, and after immunization with the PfSPZ Vaccine in malaria-naïve, healthy adults enrolled in VRC 312 (NCT01441167). VRC 312 was the second study of the PfSPZ Vaccine and the first study to evaluate intravenous (IV) administration of this vaccine. The study was an open-label evaluation of the safety, tolerability, immunogenicity, and protective efficacy of the vaccine at successively higher administered by the IV route. The highest dosages were evaluated for protection against a malaria challenge after 4 to 6 vaccinations. The primary objectives of the study were related to the safety and tolerability of the vaccine at the 4 different dosage levels when administered IV; the secondary objectives were related to PfSPZ vaccine-mediated protection against Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) challenge at the 3 higher dosage levels, and the exploratory objectives were related to the immunogenicity of the PfSPZ Vaccine and defining an immune correlate of protection. To further determine potential molecular correlates of immunogenicity and/or protection, RNA-seq was performed on whole blood collected from subjects in all dose groups at time points before, during, and after immunization.

Study phs002422

Whole Genome Sequencing in the Inner City Asthma Consortium (ICAC) Cohorts

We performed whole-genome sequencing on individuals from the Asthma Phenotypes in the Inner City (APIC) and Urban Environment and Childhood Asthma (URECA) study cohorts, which consist of children with asthma who live in low-income neighborhoods across 10 U.S. cities. APIC was a one-year, prospective, observational study of children ages 6-17 with asthma. URECA was a prospective, observational study featuring a birth cohort of children with a high risk of developing asthma based on family history. We performed whole-genome sequencing on 1,035 individuals (ages 5-17 yrs; 67% Black, 25% Hispanic; 66% with MD-diagnosed asthma; APIC=508, URECA=527). Sequence read processing, quality control, and variant calling were performed using the Genome Analysis Toolkit suite (GATK v4). Variant call sites were annotated according to the filters applied in our common variant (minor allele frequency ≥ 1%) association studies, based on predicted false positive rates, genotype quality and depth, and population-adjusted Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Principal components of ancestry were calculated using high quality, linkage-disequilibrium-pruned single-nucleotide variants, accounting for subject relatedness, using PC-Air and PC-Relate.

Study phs002921

Yale SPORE in Skin Cancer Project 2

Understanding the relationship between tumor and peripheral immune environments could allow longitudinal immune monitoring in cancer. Here, we examined whether T cells that share the same TCRab and are found in both tumor and blood can be interrogated to gain insight into the ongoing tumor T cell response. Paired transcriptome and TCRab repertoire of circulating and tumor-infiltrating T cells were analyzed at the single cell level from matched tumor and blood from patients with metastatic melanoma. The data shared here consist of gene expression matrix and fastq files obtained from sequencing single-cell libraries generated with the Chromium (TM) 5' technique. For each of 18 immunotherapy naive and 11 previously treated melanoma patients, T cells (Live/CD45+/TcRab+) were FACS-sorted from PBMCs and freshly resected tumors. Metadata associated with each individual cell consist of Patient I.D., biological sex, immunotherapy status, amino acid and nucleotide CDR3 sequence of the TCR alpha and beta chain (obtained from matched VDJ region enriched libraries), and sequencing batch. Further details about previous treatment history and other clinical parameters can be found in the associated manuscripts (Lucca et al., 2021: PMID: 33651881; Lu et al., PMID: 39609626).

Study phs002289

CyTOF of 27 DLBCLs

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common histologic subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma and is notorious for its clinical heterogeneity. Patient outcomes can be predicted by cell-of-origin (COO) classification, demonstrating that the underlying transcriptional signature of malignant B-cells informs biological behavior in the context of standard combination chemotherapy regimens. In the current study, we used mass cytometry (CyTOF) to examine tumor phenotypes at the protein level with single cell resolution in a collection of 27 diagnostic DLBCL biopsy specimens from treatment naïve patients. We found that malignant B-cells from each patient occupied unique regions in 37-dimensional phenotypic space with no apparent clustering of samples into discrete subtypes. Interestingly, variable MHC class II expression was found to be the greatest contributor to phenotypic diversity. Within individual tumors, a subset of cases showed multiple phenotypic subpopulations, and in one case we were able to demonstrate direct correspondence between protein-level phenotypic subsets and DNA mutation-defined subclones. In summary, CyTOF analysis can resolve both inter- and intra-tumoral heterogeneity among primary samples, and reveals that each case of DLBCL is unique and may be comprised of multiple, genetically distinct subclones.

Dataset EGAD00001005419

New England-Based Case-Control Study of Ovarian Cancer

The case-control data provided to dbGaP were collected under NCI grant number CA54419 which had 3 enrollment phases: I (1992-1997), II (1998-2002) and III (2003-2008). Altogether, CA54419 funded 15 years of data and specimen collection, resulting in one of the longest running population based case-control studies of ovarian cancer. The study goal was to examine reproductive factors, lifestyle exposures, and genetic background in relation to ovarian cancer risk. The project recruited cases from Eastern Massachusetts and New Hampshire, and became known as the New England-based Case-Control study (NECC) of ovarian cancer. 3957 ovarian cancer cases diagnosed at ages 18-80 and residing in Eastern Massachusetts and New Hampshire were identified through tumor boards and registries. Of these, 3083 (78%) were eligible and among those eligible, 2203 (71%) were enrolled. After excluding 127 non-epithelial and 35 mixed mesodermal tumors, 2041 cases with epithelial tumors of ovarian, primary peritoneal, and fallopian tube origin, including borderline malignancies were included. On average, cases were interviewed 10 months after their diagnosis. A pathologist reviewed pathology reports and recorded histologic subtype, grade, and stage. Mixed ovarian cancers described as predominantly one type were classified as that type. Undifferentiated, transitional cell tumors, or mixed serous/transitional cell tumors were counted as serous. Other mixed epithelial, malignant Brenner, and unspecified epithelial tumors were classified as other. 2100 controls were identified through random digit dialing (RDD), driver-license lists, and town-resident lists. During the first funding phase from 1992 to 1997, 420 (72%) controls identified through RDD and 102 (51%) through town-resident lists agreed to participate. From 1998 to 2008, only town-resident lists were used to identify potential controls. 4366 controls were identified, of whom 1426 (33%) were ineligible if they had died, moved, or were seriously ill or if they did not have a working telephone, speak English, or have at least one ovary. Of eligible controls, 1362 (46%) declined to participate by phone or via 'opt-out' postcard and 1578 (54%) were enrolled. Controls were frequency matched to cases by 5-year age groups and region of residence. In all phases, after written informed consent, demographic information, reproductive and medical history, and habits were assessed by in-person or telephone interview (in a few instances). All of the questions were framed with respect to a reference date defined as 1 year before the diagnosis date for women in the case group and the date of interview for those in the control group. This study was approved by institutional review boards at Dana Farber Harvard Cancer Center and Dartmouth Medical Center.

Study phs001034

Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (GDNF) Polymorphisms and Anxiety, Depression

GDNF gene variants were studied as possible risk factors of depression or anxiety on a young sample. The association study involved eight (rs1981844, rs3812047, rs3096140, rs2973041, rs2910702, rs1549250, rs2973050 and rs11111) GDNF single nucleotide polymorphisms and anxiety and depression scores measured by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) on 708 Caucasian young adults with no psychiatric history. Results provided significant effects of two single nucleotide polymorphisms on anxiety scores following the Bonferroni correction for multiple testing (p=0.00070 and p=0.00138 for rs3812047 and rs3096140, respectively). Haplotype analysis confirmed the role of these SNPs (p=0.00029). A significant sex-gene interaction was also observed since the effect of the rs3812047 A allele as a risk factor of anxiety was more pronounced in males. This is the first demonstration of a significant association between the GDNF gene and mood characteristics demonstrated by the association of two SNPs of the GDNF gene (rs3812047 and rs3096140) and individual variability of anxiety using self-report data from a non-clinical sample. Reprinted from Kotyuk et. al., 2013 (Kotyuk, E., Keszler, G., Nemeth, N., Ronai, Z., Sasvari-Szekely, M., and Szekely, A. (2013). Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (GDNF) as a Novel Candidate Gene of Anxiety. PLoS One,8, (12) PMID: 24324616), with permission from Publisher (All content of articles published in PLOS journals is open access. You can read about our open access license here: http://www.plos.org/about/open-access/. To summarize, this license allows you to download, reuse, reprint, modify, distribute, and/or copy articles or images in PLOS journals, so long as the original creators are credited (e.g., including the article's citation and/or the image credit); Laura Perry; Staff EO;PLOS ONE)

Study phs000713

Blood Transcriptome Profiling Following Seizures

The retrospective diagnosis or confirmation of a seizure, after the event, is very challenging. Many times clinicians can only use a patient's self-reported history. To further complicate the diagnosis, it is known that 20-30% of patients reporting a seizure actually suffer from psychogenic non-epileptic seizure (PNES). The patient has the behavior of a seizure, but does not suffer from brain seizure activity. Considerable time and resources are used to monitor PNES, and many patients undergo unnecessary therapy with anti-epileptic drugs. These resources could be more effectively used if we could confirm a seizure after the event (retrospective diagnosis). Here we propose a novel approach to distinguish seizures from PNES after the seizure event has happened.We have developed an accurate blood biomarker technology to diagnose acute brain injury, and assess chronic progression following brain injury. Previous studies support the premise that seizures affect blood RNA expression; here we assess temporal RNA expression pattern changes following seizure. We present preliminary preclinical data showing the discrimination of electric-stimulation evoked animal seizures. Here, we validate this maturing technology to assist with the discrimination of epileptic seizures from psychogenic non-epileptic seizures. We will analyze blood samples from patients undergoing video EEG monitoring in an epilepsy monitoring unit (Emory University Hospital, Atlanta GA). We expect 20% of these patients will have PNES. Once a patient has an EEG verified seizure, we will collect blood at various time points and identify biomarker RNA molecules in the blood. Blood samples will be collected from patients with non-verified seizures as control. These RNA expression values will be used to develop a predictive test for the occurrence of seizures. A biomarker gene panel will be developed from this exploratory project for validation in a larger patient population.

Study phs003460

Samples obtained within X-pand project

This dataset contains five bone marrow samples and three mobilised peripheral blood ones from different healthy individuals. The three bone marrow samples have been sequence with the 10x multiome kit using Illumina sequencers. The three mobilised peripheral blood ones have been split in two aliquots, one for 10x multiome and the other for 10x CITE-seq. Both libraries types have been sequenced with an Illumina sequencer. Raw data has been processed with cell-ranger and map to the human genome (GRCh38) to obtain the bam files.

Dataset EGAD50000001108

Data access policy

Investigators who download restricted data from this dataset should: - Not attempt to identify individual human research participants from whom the data were obtained. - Acknowledge in all oral or written presentations, disclosures, or publications the specific dataset(s) or applicable accession number(s) and the repositories through which the investigator accessed any data. Any user requesting access to this data must apply for authorization, which is granted by the Data Access Committee (DAC). The DAC will review and approve or disapprove all requests from the research community for data access. Decisions to grant access are made based on whether the request conforms to the specifications of the Research Ethics Committee approval and program specific requirements or procedures (if any).

Dac EGAC50000000504

SUM-seq data for Macrophage polarisation to M1 and M2 phenotypes experiment

We stimulated iPSC-derived M0 macrophages with LPS and IFN-γ to induce M1 polarization or IL-4 to induce M2 polarization. To discern early and sustained responses at chromatin accessibility and gene expression levels, we collected samples at five time points along the two polarization trajectories; prior to stimulation (M0) and at 1-hour, 6-hour, 10-hour, and 24-hour intervals, each sampled in duplicates totaling 18 samples, and subjected them to SUM-seq library preparation. Sequenced files for both data modalities are provided as demultiplexed fastq files.

Dataset EGAD50000001206

PD1-targeted delivery of an IL-2 variant induces a multifaceted anti-tumoral T cell response in human lung cancer

To explore PD1-IL2v-specific effects on CD8 and CD4 T cells at a transcriptomic level, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing of patient-derived tumor fragments (PDTFs) which were treated with either Isotype (DP47), Isotype-IL2v (DP47-IL2v), anti-PD1 (PembroPGLALA) or PD1-IL2v (PembroPGLALA-IL2v) for 48 hours.

Study EGAS50000000396

Ribosomal profiling on Epstein-Barr virus transformed B-lymphoblastoid cell lines

Epstein-Barr virus-transformed B-lymphoblastoid cell lines from six individuals (HG00114, HG00282, NA12005, NA12044, NA12717 and NA12751) of the GEUVADIS Project were selected for ribosomal profiling. For each EBV-LCL, 20 million cells were treated with 2 μg/ml harringtonine and 100 μg/ml cycloheximide. After lysing cells in lysis buffer supplemented with 100 μg/ml cycloheximide, ribosome complexes were purified by density purification. Small RNA molecules were isolated using the NucleoSpin miRNA Kit (Bioke, Leiden, Netherlands), followed by RNA PAGE gel separation. Universal linkers were added after dephosphorylation. After reverse transcription, the cDNA was circularized and, after ribosomal RNA depletion, barcoded and sequenced on Illumina NextSeq 500.

Dac EGAC50000000209

Clonal architectures predict clinical outcome in clear cell renal cell carcinoma

We analyze the clonal architectures of ccRCC patients from three different populations, including TCGA, Japanese and Chinese patients. We characterize the mutational signatures across different populations and evolution stages. The TCGA and Japanese data sets were downloaded from published studies and we also generated the whole genome sequencing data for more than 40 Chinese patients.

Study EGAS00001003447

Blueprint: A human variation panel of genetic influences on epigenomes and transcriptomes in three immune cell types, (ChIP-Seq for CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte, on genome GRCh37)

ChIP-Seq data for 172 CD14-positive, CD16-negative classical monocyte sample(s). 572 run(s), 345 experiment(s), 340 analysis(s) on human genome GRCh37. Analysis documentation available at http://ftp.ebi.ac.uk/pub/databases/blueprint/blueprint_Epivar/protocols/README_chipseq_analysis_ebi_20160816

Dataset EGAD00001002672

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