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• WES for 42 patients with pleural mesothelioma (Not matched)

  The dataset contains WES data (bam files) for 42 pleural mesothelioma samples. Nextera Flex for Enrichment solution (Illumina, San Diego, CA) in combination with SureSelect Human All Exon V7 probes (Agilent, Santa Clara, CA) was used for library preparation and generated libraries were sequenced on NovaSeq 6000 (Illumina, San Diego, CA) in 150 pair-end mode. Quality control of the raw data was conducted using fastQC (v. 0.11.8) (https://www.bioinformatics. babraham.ac.uk/projects/fastqc/). WES data were then analyzed with the DRAGEN Bio IT platform 49 (version 4.2.4) and the human GRCh38 as reference genome.

  Dataset EGAD50000002127

• SGCC GASCAD-II dataset

  The GASCAD-II dataset from the Singapore Gastric Cancer Consortium includes paired tumor-blood whole exome sequencing data for 209 gastric cancer (GC) patients, along with whole transcriptome sequencing data for 125 GC samples. Whole exome sequencing was conducted using Agilent SureSelect Human All Exon V6 kits. For RNA sequencing, total RNA was isolated using the RNeasy Mini Kit, and libraries were prepared with the TruSeq Stranded Total RNA with Ribo-Zero Gold protocol (Illumina). Aligned BAM files for both exome and RNAseq data are included in this dataset

  Dataset EGAD00001015433

• Mayo Clinic Adult Diffuse Glioma Illumina OncoArray SNP Data

  These data are from adult diffuse glioma subjects genotyped on the Illumina OncoArray. Data from this study were used for case control association studies and developing polygenic risk scores. Variants in D2HGDH and near FAM20C were identified that were associated with glioma subtypes (PMID: 32386320). Mutation and copy number data are included for select genes and chromosomes. IDH mutation and 1p/19q co-deletion are used in glioma diagnosis and are also prognostic markers. Data for additional prognostic genes and chromosomes are also included. RNA-seq and CHIP-seq data are available for select subjects from this cohort in GEO (GSE167806).

  Study phs003041

• Bogalusa Heart Study (BHS-BioLINCC)

  Objectives: To investigate the early natural history of cardiovascular disease in a cohort of children and young adults in a biracial, semirural community.Background: The Bogalusa Heart Study has been a long-term epidemiologic study. The investigators have identified and followed black and white participants for nearly 40 years, and have described the incidence and prevalence of biologic and behavioral cardiovascular disease risk factors from childhood through adulthood. Their participation has enabled the study to not only document differences between males and females, but also between blacks and whites. The results from the Bogalusa Heart Study have clearly documented that the genesis of atherosclerosis has its basis in childhood, and that prevention can and must begin at the early ages.The Bogalusa Heart Study had been funded over the years by the Specialized Centers of Research (SCOR) Program. The SCOR program was initiated by NHLBI in 1970 to expedite the development and application of new knowledge essential for improved diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of arteriosclerosis, hypertension, pulmonary disease, and thrombosis. In 1984 a Demonstration and Education Component was added to the parent SCOR of the Bogalusa Heart Study in order to translate the experience gained in epidemiological studies into an intervention study designed to retard the development of cardiovascular risk factors in children. Beginning in 1997, the study was supported by the cooperative agreement mechanism. Participants: The Bogalusa dataset includes 11,796 participants that attended at least one of seven cross-sectional pediatric exams and/or the 1995-96 adult examination. Subjects ranged in age from 3 to 20 years at the pediatric exams and 20-37 at the time of the adult exam. Approximately 6,000 have more than one examination constituting a dynamic cohort. Design: The initial survey in 1973-1974 was restricted to children ages 2 1/2 to 14. A physical examination was conducted and information was collected on anthropometric data, hemoglobin, blood pressure, serum lipids, and health history. Over 3,500 children participated. The second cross-sectional survey of 1976-1977 and subsequent surveys expanded the eligible population to include all children ages 5-17 years. The second survey of over 4,000 children also included information on salt intake, smoking, health beliefs, and attitudes, and for girls ages 8-17, menstrual history and oral contraceptive use. The third survey of over 3,500 participants in 1978-1979 also collected anthropometric measurements on skinfold thickness and two measurements of heart rate. The fourth survey of over 3,300 participants in 1981-1982 added data on alcohol use, Type A behavior, peer networks and dieting habits.The Bogalusa Heart Study continued to use a cross-sectional and longitudinal design with the general cross-sectional survey of approximately 3,700 Bogalusa children ages five to seventeen in 1988-1989 in the sixth screen and additional longitudinal studies to recall children in defined subgroups for more intensive evaluation. Half of the 12,000 participants screened since 1973 had been studied three or more times. The Post High School Study examined young adults ages 21 through 30 who previously were examined as children ages five through fourteen in the first Bogalusa Heart Study screening in 1973-1974. The population included approximately 4,603 young adults originally screened and any other children or adolescents examined for the first time in any subsequent surveys. The cardiovascular phenotypes include obesity, blood pressure, lipids, lipoproteins, apoproteins, homocysteine, glucose-insulin, fibrinogen, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and von Willebrand Factor. Environmental risk factors consist of sociodemographic characteristics, tobacco and alcohol use, oral contraception, physical activity, cognitive and physical function, and quality of sleep and diet. Subclinical morbidity includes echo-Doppler measurements of cardiac-carotid structure and function.

  Study phs004173

• ATAC-Seq of inflamed and non-inflamed biopsies

  Inflamed and non-inflamed biopsies were digested for 45 minutes at 37ºC with collagenase from Clostridium histolyticum (Sigma). Suspension cells were then stained with an antibody cocktail to sort live CD8-CD4+ T cells. After isolating crude nuclei of two thousand live CD4+ T cells, they were treated with Tagment DNA buffer and Tagment DNA Enzyme (Nextera DNA Library Prep Kit, Illumina), and then the DNA was purified by MinElute PCR Purification Kit (Qiagen). Transposed DNA fragments were amplified using specific adapters followed by purification with MinElute PCR Purification Kit (Qiagen). Fragments from 240-360pb were selected in the PippinHT system (Sage Science). The quality of the library and its DNA concentration were assessed by Bioanalyzer instruments (Agilent Technologies) and ultimately submitted for sequencing using Illumina HiSeq 2500 sequencer, V4 chemistry.

  Study EGAS00001007344

• Ultra-deep Error-corrected Sequencing of Peripheral Blood for Clonal Hematopoiesis in Patients Undergoing AAA Surgery

  Patients undergoing elective abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) surgery were enrolled to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of clonal hematopoiesis. Peripheral blood was collected at the time of surgical admission using PAXgene DNA tubes. Genomic DNA was extracted and subjected to ultra-deep error-corrected targeted sequencing using a custom gene panel covering recurrent clonal hematopoiesis-associated genes. Sequencing libraries were prepared following established protocols and sequenced on an Illumina NovaSeq X system. The resulting dataset includes paired-end FASTQ files for each participant, enabling high-sensitivity detection of somatic variants down to low variant allele frequencies. This study provides a comprehensive sequencing resource for evaluating clonal hematopoiesis in AAA patients.

  Study JGAS000864

• Subclonal evolution of four ER+ breast cancers determined by WGS and scRNA-Seq

  We analyzed the subclonal evolution of four ER+ breast cancers over 2-15 years using whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and single-cell RNA-Seq (scRNA-Seq). For each patient we analyzed 2-6 cancer samples, generally metastatic pleural effusions or ascites, by WGS, along with germline DNA. Two of the samples per patient were selected for single-cell RNA-Seq.

  Study EGAS00001002436

• Radiation-induced gliomas represent H3-/IDH-wild type pediatric gliomas with recurrent PDGFRA amplification and loss of CDKN2A/B

  Long-term complications such as radiation-induced second malignancies occur in a subset of patients following radiation-therapy, particularly relevant in pediatric patients due to the long follow-up period in case of survival. Radiation-induced gliomas (RIGs) have been reported in patients after treatment with cranial irradiation for various primary malignancies such as acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and medulloblastoma (MB). We perform comprehensive (epi-) genetic and expression profiling of RIGs arising after cranial irradiation for MB (n=23) and ALL (n=9). Our study reveals a unifying molecular signature for the majority of RIGs, with recurrent PDGFRA amplification and loss of CDKN2A/B and an absence of somatic hotspot mutations in genes encoding histone 3 variants or IDH1/2, uncovering diagnostic markers and potentially actionable targets.

  Study EGAS00001005243

• Search for new loci and low-frequency variants influencing glioma risk by exome-array analysis

  To identify protein altering variants (PAVs) for glioma we analysed Illumina HumanExome BeadChip exome array data on 1,882 glioma cases and 8,079 controls from three independent European populations. In addition to single variant tests we incorporated information on the predicted functional consequences of PAVs and analysed sets of genes with a higher likelihood of having a role in glioma on the basis of the profile of somatic mutations documented by large-scale sequencing initiatives. Globally tThere was a strong relationship between effect size and SNPs predicted to be damaging (P=2.29x10-49); however, these variants which are most likely to impact on risk, are rare (MAF<5%). While no single variant showed an association which was statistically significant at the genomewide threshold a number of represented promising Notable associations - were seen with the BRCA2:c.9976A>T, p.(Lys3326Ter)BRCA2 p.Lys332X variant, which has been shown documented to influence breast and lung cancer risks (OR=2.3, P=4.00x10-4 for glioblastoma [GBM]) and IDH2:c.782G>A, p.(Arg261His)IDH2 p.Arg261His (OR=3.21, P=7.67x10-3, for non-GBM). Additionally, gene burden tests revealed a statistically significant association for HARS2 and risk of GBM (P=2.20x10-6). Genome scans of low frequency PAVs represent a complementary strategy to identify disease-causing variants compared with scans based on tagSNPs. Strategies to lessen the multiple testing burden by restricting analysis to PAVs with higher priors affords an opportunity to maximise study power.

  Study EGAS00001001258

• Genome-wide DNA methylation profiles of NSCLC xenograft and primary lung tissues for the identification of epigenetic predictive biomarkers.

  Non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) are the most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide and primarily treated with platinum-based drugs like cisplatin and carboplatin, radiation and surgery. The major challenge in the management of NSCLC are intrinsic or acquired resistance mechanisms with only few published molecular markers which can predict the outcome of the patients. On the other side, changes in DNA methylation are observed in nearly all cancer types making them suitable as biomarker. Here genome-wide methylation profiles from MeDIP-Seq and gene expression profiling data of 22 primary NSCLC, adjacent normal tissue and PDX samples are provided. For each PDX tumor growth rates were measured in absence or presence of chemotherapy.

  Study EGAS00001002479

• Convergent somatic mutations in effectors of insulin signalling in chronic liver disease

  Chronic liver disease is associated with metabolic dysregulation, liver failure and hepatocellular carcinoma. We analysed somatic mutations from 1202 genomes across 32 liver samples, including normal controls, alcohol-related and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Five of 27 patients with liver disease carried hotspot driver mutations in FOXO1, the major transcription factor downstream of insulin signalling. FOXO1 mutations were independently acquired by up to 5 distinct clones within the same patient’s sample, and impaired insulin-mediated nuclear export of FOXO1. GPAM, which produces storage triacylglycerol from dietary calories, also had significant excess of mutations, similarly exhibiting convergent evolution within biopsies. Telomeres were shorter in diseased than normal liver, with attrition more pronounced in larger clones. Multiple independent acquisitions of drivers within one small liver sample imply that such mutations could affect hundreds of grams of tissue across the whole organ, potentially contributing to systemic metabolic dysfunction.

  Dataset EGAD00001006255

• Neoadjuvant atezolizumab plus chemotherapy in gastric and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma: the phase 2 PANDA trial

  Gastric and gastroesophageal junction (G/GEJ) cancers carry a poor prognosis, and despite recent advancements most patients die of their disease. While immune checkpoint blockade has become part of the standard of care for patients with metastatic G/GEJ cancers, its efficacy and impact on the tumor microenvironment in the early disease setting remain largely unknown. We hypothesized a higher efficacy of neoadjuvant immunotherapy plus chemotherapy in patients with non-metastatic G/GEJ cancer. In the phase 2 PANDA trial, patients with previously untreated resectable G/GEJ tumors (n=21) received neoadjuvant treatment with one cycle of atezolizumab monotherapy followed by 4 cycles of atezolizumab plus docetaxel, oxaliplatin and capecitabine. Treatment was well-tolerated, and all patients underwent resection without treatment-related delays, meeting the primary endpoint of safety and feasibility. Tissue was obtained at multiple time points, allowing analysis of the effects of single-agent PD-L1 blockade and the subsequent combination with chemotherapy on the tumor microenvironment. A total of 21 patients were included, of whom 20 patients underwent surgery and were evaluable for the secondary pathologic response and survival endpoints, while 19 were evaluable for exploratory translational analyses. A major pathologic response (MPR, ≤10% residual viable tumor) was observed in 14/20 (70%; 95% CI 46-88%) patients, including 9 (45%; 95% CI 23-68%) pathologic complete responses. At a median follow-up of 47 months, 13/14 responders were alive and disease-free, while 5/6 nonresponders had died due to disease recurrence. Notably, baseline PD-1+CD8+ T cell infiltration was significantly higher in responders than in nonresponders, and comparison of the tumor microenvironment alterations following anti-PD-L1 monotherapy versus the subsequent combination with chemotherapy revealed that increased immune activity was achieved upon single-agent PD-1/L1 axis blockade. Based on these data, anti-PD-L1 plus chemotherapy warrants further exploration in patients with non-metastatic G/GEJ cancer, and these results call for validation in a larger cohort.

  Study EGAS50000000168

• Reconstructing the dispersals and adaptive history of Bantu-speaking populations in Africa and North America

  Bantu languages are spoken by ~310 million Africans, yet the genetic history of Bantu-speaking populations remains largely unexplored. We generated genomic data for 1,318 individuals from 35 populations in western central Africa, where Bantu languages originated. We found that early Bantu speakers first moved southward, through the equatorial rainforest, before spreading toward eastern and southern Africa. We also found that genetic adaptation of Bantu speakers was facilitated by admixture with autochthonous populations, particularly for the HLA and LCT loci. Finally, we identified a major contribution of western central African Bantu speakers to the ancestry of African Americans, whose genomes present no strong signals of natural selection. Together, these results highlight the contribution of Bantu-speaking peoples to the complex genetic history of Africans and African Americans.

  Study EGAS00001002078

• MATISSE Whole-exome sequencing data

  Sample availability: WES was performed on 41 available baseline tumor and blood samples (22 CCRs/MPRs, 5 PPRs, 14 CRN/NPRs). Tumor DNA was extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) primary tumor and lymph node metastasis sections containing at least 10% viable tumor cells present in the sample. A pathologist (LS) scored the tumor percentage and indicated the most tumor-dense region on a hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain slide for subsequent DNA isolation. According to the manufacturer's protocol, five to 10 FFPE slides (10 µm) were used for DNA isolation using the AllPrep DNA FFPE isolation kit (Qiagen, 80234) and the QIAcube. Germline DNA was isolated from baseline PBMCs using the AllPrep DNA / RNA / miRNA Universal isolation kit (Qiagen, 80224) and the QIAcube, according to the manufacturer’s protocol. Genetic Diagnostics and Sequencing Services (CeGaT) performed whole-exome sequencing sequencing in Germany. Data processing: Demultiplexing of the sequencing reads was performed with Illumina bcl2fastq (v2.20). Adapters of the reads were trimmed with Skewer (v0.2.2), without quality trimming. Sequencing reads were aligned with BWA (v0.7.17) to the human reference genome GRCh38 (Ensemble, v105). Duplicated reads were marked using Picard (v2.25.0) MarkDuplicates, after which quality scores were recalibrated using GATK4 (4.2.2.0) BaseRecalibrator. FastQC (v0.12.1), MultiQC (v1.14), Mosdepth (v0.3.3) and NGScheckmate (v1.0.1) were used for assessing data quality, on FASTQ files and intermediate processing steps.

  Dataset EGAD50000001469

• The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine APML DAC (rare disease research)

  This Data Access Committee oversees access to genomic data from rare disease research conducted by the Advanced Precision Medicine Laboratory (APML) at The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine. The DAC reviews data access applications to ensure compliance with patient consent agreements, institutional policies, and ethical guidelines. Access decisions are made based on scientific merit and data security capabilities of the requesting institution.

  Dac EGAC50000000845

• Preterm Infant Gut Metagenomes from the NutriBrain Clinical Trial

  Data Access Committee responsible for governing access to metagenomic sequencing datasets generated from fecal samples collected from preterm infants enrolled in the NutriBrain clinical trial. The study investigates the impact of early-life nutrition on gut microbiome development and neurodevelopmental outcomes. Samples were collected longitudinally during the neonatal period under standardized protocols, and total microbial DNA was extracted for high-throughput shotgun metagenomic sequencing.

  Dac EGAC50000001008

• ICR639 CPG NGS Validation series

  The dataset includes sequencing data generated using the TruSight Cancer Panel (TSCP) a targeted NGS assay for analysis of CPGs and orthogonally generated data supporting at least one pathogenic variant in a CPG for a total of 645 pathogenic CPG variants. The set of pathogenic CPG variants includes strong representation of some of the most challenging types of pathogenic variants, with 339 indels, including 16 complex indels and 24 insertions or deletions with length greater than 5bp, and 74 exon CNVs, including 23 single exon CNVs. There are 502 pathogenic variants in BRCA1 or BRCA2, making this an important first-line validation dataset for laboratories performing NGS testing of BRCA1 and BRCA2.

  Dataset EGAD00001004134

• Brain mets discovery cohort whole-exome sequencing raw sequencing files

  These are the raw sequencing files for the 50 brain tumour, 3 extracranial tumour and 34 matched normals for the patients in the discovery cohort.

  Dataset EGAD00001005981

• Genome_wide_CRISPR_Cas9_screening_of_Human_Organoids

  In this study we will exploit the bacterial clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) system to perform a genome-wide single-guide RNA (sgRNA) library to screen for genes required for proliferation and survival in human organoids.

  Study EGAS00001001932

• Tracking early lung cancer metastatic dissemination in TRACERx using ctDNA

  These data relate to Abbosh et al 2023 'Tracking early lung cancer metastatic dissemination in TRACERx using ctDNA'. Some patients were included in this work that were excluded from the other TRACERx 421 papers (Frankell et al and Al-bakir et al) often due to exclusion criteria in the TRACERx clinical trial. Reasons include partial contamination with C>A artefact mutational signature (CRUK0480 ,0490) which were included for ctDNA detection analyses using high confidence clonal mutations but not clonality analyses, incomplete resection at primary surgery (CRUK0291, 0234, 0230, 0387, 0622) and a concurrent oesophageal second primary cancer (CRUK0498). The primary tissue exome sequencing for these patients that were used in this study are included in this repository. Deep targeted sequencing of (median 200) tumour specific mutations in plasma for 1069 samples from 198 TRACERx patients are also included. Additional details related to these patients and samples can be found in the supplementary or data repositories from Frankell et al and Abbosh et al.

  Study EGAS00001006923

• Single cell RNAseq of PBMC from bladder cancer patients

  Frozen PBMC samples containing at least 1 million cells were thawed for 1 minute at 37C and washed twice with RPMI complete media (10% FBS with glutamate and Pen/Strep). All of the samples had >80% viable cells. Sample processing for single-cell RNA-seq was done using Chromium Single Cell 3’ Library and Gel bead kit v2 (PN-120237) following manufacturer’s user guide (CG00052, 10x Genomics, Pleasanton, CA). The total cell density was used to impute the volume of single cell suspension needed in the reverse transcription (RT) master mix, aiming to achieve ~ 6,000 cells per sample. cDNAs and libraries were prepared following manufacturer’s user guide (10x Genomics). cDNA amplification and indexed libraries were prepared using 12 and 14 cycles of PCR, respectively. Libraries were profiled, quantified, and sequenced as 5’ single-cell gene expression libraries.

  Study EGAS00001004008

• Single cell RNAseq of PBMC from RCC patients

  Frozen PBMC samples containing at least 1 million cells were thawed for 1 minute at 37C and washed twice with RPMI complete media (10% FBS with glutamate and Pen/Strep). All of the samples had >80% viable cells. Sample processing for single-cell RNA-seq was done using Chromium Single Cell 3’ Library and Gel bead kit v2 (PN-120237) following manufacturer’s user guide (CG00052, 10x Genomics, Pleasanton, CA). The total cell density was used to impute the volume of single cell suspension needed in the reverse transcription (RT) master mix, aiming to achieve ~ 6,000 cells per sample. cDNAs and libraries were prepared following manufacturer’s user guide (10x Genomics). cDNA amplification and indexed libraries were prepared using 12 and 14 cycles of PCR, respectively. Libraries were profiled, quantified, and sequenced as 5’ single-cell gene expression libraries.

  Study EGAS00001004451

• RNA004 DRS METTL5 variant of patient sample

  This dataset contains RNA004 DRS data for a single patient sample with heterozygous inactivating SNPs for the methyltransferase METTL5. We provide 1) all reads in a GRCh38 aligned bam file + unaligned reads and 2) filtered reads just for the relevant part of chrR. Both bam files have been called with dorado 0.7.2 to contain the neccessary m6A methylation information. Companion datasets are 1) EGAS50000001201 for DRS of a healthy control with intact METTL5 and 2) PRJEB74238 for IVT 18S rRNA vector data as unmodified control. Please note, that both the companion datasets contain pod5 data, to faciliate re-basecalling.

  Dataset EGAD50000001882

• Capture-based Methods for Transcriptomic Profiling of FFPE material

  This dataset includes all FASTQ files for 11 samples where different capture-based methods for transcriptome profiling have been tested. Specifically, we have the 'traditional' RNA-seq experiment with fresh frozen (FF) material, and 3 different capture methods for the matching formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples: Agilent (AGI), IDT, and Twist Biosciences (TBS). In total, there are 43 samples with paired-end FASTQ files (1 sample did not have sufficient material to test all methods). Samples are identified by the R01-R11 IDs with a suffix that indicates the capture method used (or FF for fresh frozen).

  Dataset EGAD00001007655

• High-throughput Detection of Clinically Relevant Mutations in Archived Tumor Samples By Multiplexed PCR and Next Generation Sequencing

  PURPOSE: Tailoring cancer treatment to tumor molecular characteristics promises to make personalized medicine a reality. However, reliable genetic profiling of archived clinical specimens has been hindered by limited sensitivity and high false positive rates. Here, we describe a novel methodology, MMP-seq, which enables sensitive and specific high-throughput, high content genetic profiling in archived clinical samples. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: We first validated MMP-seq’s technical performance in 66 cancer cell lines and a Latin square cross-dilution of known somatic mutations. We next characterized the performance of MMP-seq in 17 formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) clinical samples using matched fresh frozen (FF) tissue from the same tumors as benchmarks. To demonstrate the potential clinical utility of our methodology, we profiled FFPE tumor samples from 73 endometrial cancer patients. RESULTS: We demonstrated that MMP-seq enabled rapid and simultaneous profiling of a panel of 88 cancer genes in 48 samples, and detected variants at frequencies as low as 0.4%. We identified DNA degradation and deamination as the main error sources and developed practical and robust strategies for mitigating these issues, and dramatically reduced the false positive rate. Applying MMP-seq to a cohort of endometrial tumor samples identified extensive, potentially actionable alterations in the PI3K and RAS pathways, including novel PIK3R1 hotspot mutations that may disrupt negative regulation of PIK3CA. CONCLUSIONS: MMP-seq provides a robust solution for comprehensive, reliable and high- throughput genetic profiling of clinical tumor samples, paving the way for the incorporation of genomic-based testing into clinical investigation and practice.

  Study EGAS00001000674