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• Immuno-genomic landscape of osteosarcoma

  Osteosarcoma is an orphan disease affecting children and young adults that has seen little to no progress in survival outcomes for >30 years. Despite having heavily rearranged genomes, to date, clinical trials with immunotherapy have shown no benefit for patients with osteosarcoma. In this study, we conducted the first multi-platform immune profiling (whole genome, transcriptome, T-cell receptor sequencing, immunohistochemistry and reverse phase protein array) on every available pediatric and adult osteosarcoma patients from our institution (N = 48) with the goal of describing immune features that may contribute to immunotherapy resistance.

  Study EGAS00001003887

• HLA-DR is absent in primitive macrophages through epigenetic silencing of master regulator CIITA

  The earliest macrophages are generated during embryonic development from erythro-myeloid progenitors (EMPs) via primitive haematopoiesis. This process is poorly understood in humans and in the mouse is thought to be spatially restricted to the yolk sac. Human fetal placental macrophages, Hofbauer cells (HBC), arise during the primitive haematopoietic wave at ~18 days post conception. Here we identify a population of placental erythro-myeloid progenitors (PEMPs) in the early human placenta that give rise to HBC. PEMP are fetal CD34+CD43+ progenitors found exclusively at early gestational timepoints. Transcriptomic analyses reveal that PEMP have conserved features of primitive yolk sac EMPs, including the lack of HLF expression. Using in vitro single-cell culture experiments we show that PEMP generate HBC-like cells that completely lack HLA-DR expression  and demonstrate that this is a conserved feature of all macrophages generated by primitive haematopoiesis in humans. Finally, we demonstrate that the class II transactivator, CTIIA, the master regulator HLA-DR expression, is epigenetically silenced during primitive haematopoiesis, leading to HLA-DRneg macrophages. These findings demonstrate that HBC are derived locally from PEMP and establish the human placenta as an additional site of primitive haematopoiesis.

  Study EGAS00001006981

• NHLBI TOPMed: San Antonio Family Heart Study (SAFHS)

  The San Antonio Family Heart Study (SAFHS) is a complex pedigree-based mixed longitudinal study designed to identify low frequency or rare variants influencing susceptibility to cardiovascular disease, using whole genome sequence (WGS) information from 2,590 individuals in large Mexican American pedigrees from San Antonio, Texas. The major objectives of this study are to identify low frequency or rare variants in and around known common variant signals for CVD, as well as to find novel low frequency or rare variants influencing susceptibility to CVD. WGS of the SAFHS cohort has been obtained through three efforts. Approximately 540 WGS were performed commercially at 50X by Complete Genomics, Inc (CGI) as part of the large T2D-GENES Project. The phenotype and genotype data for this group is available at dbGaP under accession number phs000462. An additional ~900 WGS at 30X were obtained through Illumina as part of the R01HL113322 "Whole Genome Sequencing to Identify Causal Genetic Variants Influencing CVD Risk" project. Finally, ~1,150 WGS at 30X WGS were obtained through Illumina funded by a supplement as part of the NHLBI's TOPMed program. Extensive phenotype data are provided for sequenced individuals primarily obtained from the P01HL45522 "Genetics of Atherosclerosis in Mexican Americans" for adults and R01HD049051 for children in these same families. Phenotype information was collected between 1991 and 2016. For this dataset, the SAFHS appellation represents an amalgamation of the original SAFHS participants and an expansion that reexamined families previously recruited for the San Antonio Family Diabetes Study (R01DK042273) and the San Antonio Family Gall Bladder Study (R01DK053889). Due to this substantial examination history, participants may have information from up to five visits. The clinical variables reported are coordinated with TOPMed and include major adverse cardiac events (MACE), T2D status and age at diagnosis, glycemic traits (fasting glucose and insulin), blood pressure, blood lipids (total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, calculated LDL cholesterol and triglycerides). Additional phenotype data include the medication status at each visit, classified in four categories as any current use of diabetes, hypertension or lipid-lowering medications, and, for females, current use of female hormones. Anthropometric measurements include age, sex, height, weight, hip circumference, waist circumference and derived ratios. PBMC derived gene expression assays for a subset of ~1,060 individuals obtained using the Illumina Sentrix-6 chip is also available from the baseline examination. The WGS data have been jointly called and are available in the current TOPMed accession (phs001215).

  Study phs001215

• Myocardial Infarction Genetics Exome Sequencing Consortium: German Heart Center in Munich

  The Munich-MI study is a case-control cohort study recruited at the German Heart Center in Munich, Germany. It is focused on understanding the genetic contributors to early myocardial-infarction (MI) in the German population. All exome sequencing was performed at the Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT; samples sequence capture was performed using Illumina's ICE Capture reagent and sequencing was performed on an Illumina HiSeq 2000 or 2500.

  Study phs000916

• OTOF mutation analysis with massively parallel DNA sequencing in 2,265 Japanese sensorineural hearing loss patients.

  The OTOF gene, encoding otoferlin, is reported to be one of the major causes of non-syndromic recessive sensorineural hearing loss, and is also reported to be the most common cause of non-syndromic recessive auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder (ANSD). In the present study, we performed OTOF mutation analysis using massively parallel DNA sequencing (MPS) to reveal the frequency and clinical characteristics of OTOF-related hearing loss in a large hearing loss population.

  Study JGAS000166

• Prevention and Early Treatment of Acute Lung Injury Network - Vitamin D to Improve Outcomes by Leveraging Early Treatment (PETAL VIOLET-BioLINCC)

  Data Access NOTE: Please refer to the "Authorized Access" section below regarding accessing data through the BioData Catalyst ecosystem. The data from this accession is not available for download through dbGaP. Biospecimens: Access to Biospecimens is through the NHLBI Biologic Specimen and Data Repository Information Coordinating Center (BioLINCC). Biospecimens from PETAL VIOLET include Plasma and Whole Blood. Please note that use of biospecimens in genetic research is subject to a tiered consent. Specimens may not be used to produce commercial products.Objectives: To evaluate the effect of short-term vitamin D supplementation on mortality among critically ill patients with a vitamin D deficiency.Background: Observational data indicate that vitamin D deficiency is common among critically ill patients and constitutes a potentially modifiable risk factor associated with longer lengths of stay in the hospital and intensive care unit (ICU), lung and other organ injury, prolonged mechanical ventilation, and death. In a previous phase 2 trial, vitamin D supplementation administered to vitamin D-deficient, critically ill patients was associated with lower observed mortality than placebo at 28 days and at 6 months. Because of the need for a larger, phase 3 trial, the PETAL-VIOLET study was initiated to determine if early administration of high-dose vitamin D3 would reduce all-cause mortality among critically ill patients with a vitamin D deficiency.Participants: 1360 patients underwent randomization, 690 were assigned to the vitamin D group and 668 were assigned to the placebo group. Of the 1078 patients confirmed to have a vitamin D deficiency by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS), 538 had been assigned to the vitamin D group and 540 had been assigned to the placebo group.Design: PETAL-VIOLET was a multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial. Patients were enrolled within 12 hours after the clinician's decision to admit the patient to the ICU from the emergency department, hospital ward, operating room, or outside facility. Patients were tested for vitamin D deficiency, with a threshold of plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D level of less than 20 ng per milliliter. Patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio, stratified according to site, to receive either a single enteral (administered orally or through a nasogastric or orogastric tube) dose of 540,000 IU of vitamin D3 or matched placebo, in liquid form, administered within 2 hours after randomization.Conclusions: After the first interim analysis, the data and safety monitoring board recommended that the trial be stopped for futility.A single 540,000 IU enteral dose of vitamin D3 administered early during critical illness rapidly corrected vitamin D deficiency but did not provide an advantage over placebo with respect to mortality or other clinically important end points.

  Study phs003879

• Analysis of Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma Expressing HNF4alpha Using WGS

  Lung LCNEC (Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma) has a poor prognosis, and no effective treatment has yet been established. We have found that the gastrointestinal marker HNF4alpha is specifically expressed in some LCNEC cases. By performing Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) on samples from 10 LCNEC patients, we aim to identify changes characteristic of LCNEC expressing HNF4alpha and explore new classifications and treatment options for LCNEC.

  Study JGAS000732

• Analysis of Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma Expressing POU2F3 Using WGS

  Lung LCNEC (Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma) has a poor prognosis, and no effective treatment has yet been established. We have found that the tuft-cell marker POU2F3 is specifically expressed in some LCNEC cases. By performing Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) on samples from 10 LCNEC patients, we aim to identify changes characteristic of LCNEC expressing POU2F3 and explore new classifications and treatment options for LCNEC.

  Study JGAS000784

• National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) Duke Cognition Cohort

  The overall goal is to identify genetic variants influencing normal variation between humans, with a focus on cognitive and neurosensory traits. Because of the focus of funding agencies on disease, very few studies of the genetics of non-disease traits have been performed. The genetic variation underlying the vast majority of differences between humans therefore remains not only undiscovered, but also unexplored. We have assessed >1,200 healthy volunteers for >70 diverse, non-disease phenotypes, with a focus on cognitive and neurosensory traits that are understudied and seem to have a strong biological basis. Our study includes measurements of face recognition, night vision, cognitive performance, auditory pitch discrimination, contagious yawn susceptibility, time perception, sense of direction, taste preferences, personality, sexual behaviors, sleep habits, acne, headache locations, synesthesia, and teeth sensitivity. This method is very different from the focus of most studies on collecting cohorts of patients with disease and controls with minimal phenotypic information. Because we phenotype the same healthy volunteers for multiple highly variable yet heritable traits, we can perform genetic analyses on a large number of phenotypes by just investing once in sequencing the DNA of these participants. An additional >2,000 participants in our cohort have been measured just for cognitive performance instead of for the more extensive phenotyping. Most of the genetic studies in this cohort have been about cognitive perfromance. The number of participants with genetic data generated who have undergone the more extensive phenotyping is limited. Our studies of the more novel traits like contagious yawning have therefore focused more on correlations between different phenotypes until we have a sufficient sample size to truly attempt to make genetic discoveries. . The dataset also includes two small challenge studies. In one study, the cognitive performance of 150 healthy volunteers was measured before and after an acute dose of the antiepileptic drug topiramate. In the other study, the cognitive performance of 13 healthy volunteers was measured before and after 24 hours of sleep deprivation.

  Study phs001406

• GATA2 Deficiency and the MonoMAC Syndrome

  The aim of this study was to identify the germline mutation(s) in an extended family with individuals having MonoMAC Syndrome/GATA2 deficiency but lacking a canonical GATA2 mutation. GATA2 deficiency patients develop bone marrow failure, severe immunodeficiency and may progress to myeloid malignancies, including myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML). The definitive treatment for GATA2 deficiency is a bone marrow transplant. Approximately 90% of GATA2 deficiency patients have a known de novo or inherited germline mutation in the GATA2 gene, but ~10% have no identified mutation. The study was initiated with the first patient and her second cousin, both of whom were treated for MonoMAC Syndrome and received bone marrow transplants at the NIH. Pedigree analysis and clinical evaluation identified the individuals in several generations of these patients' near and distant relatives who are/were presenting or carrying the disease manifestations of GATA2 deficiency. Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) was employed on these patients' two related nuclear families to identify variants that segregated with the disease trait and carrier status of their families. Genotyping was confirmed with direct DNA sequencing of these and other family members within the extended family across generations. A single base adenine-to-thymidine change was identified in a highly conserved enhancer element ~117,000 bp upstream of the GATA2 gene. It creates a new Composite Element, a DNA motif known to be critical in the regulation of hematopoiesis. This variant is unique to this family and is not present in dbSNP or other variant databases. It segregates with the disease trait and obligate carriers throughout a large pedigree. In vitro studies show that this variant drives allele-specific overexpression of the GATA2 gene in cultured cells and luciferase assays. The WGS sequence from the nuclear families will be shared on dbGaP.

  Study phs003269

• Comprehensive Analysis of Structural Variants in Breast Cancer Genomes Using Single Molecule Sequencing

  This study used the SKBR3 breast cell line and tumor/normal organoids derived from breast tissue to explore the utility of long read sequencing for detecting structural variants in complex samples. Three technologies were used to characterize the samples: Illumina/10X, Pacific Biosciences, and Oxford Nanopore. Methylation results were derived from the Oxford Nanopore data. It is hoped that this resource will better help researchers better understand the utility of long read sequencing in cancer samples.

  Study phs002210

• Egypt_Genome_Project___high_coverage_whole_genome_sequencing

  All humans outside Africa are descendants of the same single exit, usually dated at 50-70 thousand years ago. However, the route taken out of Africa is still debated. The two main candidates are a northern route via Egypt and the Levant, or a southern route via Ethiopia and the Arabian Peninsula. We are generating genetic data to evaluate these two possibilities. In this study we propose to generate high-coverage sequencing data for 3 Egyptian samples.

  Study EGAS00001000482

• Multi-omics analysis of primary glioblastoma cell-lines shows recapitulation of pivotal molecular features of parental tumors

  Glioblastoma (GBM) is the deadliest primary brain cancer in adults. Emerging innovative therapies hold promise for personalized cancer treatment. Improving therapeutic options depends on research relying on relevant preclinical models. In this line we have established in the setting of the GlioTeX project (GBM and experimental therapeutics), a GBM-patient derived cell line library (GBM-PDCL). Multi-OMIC approach was used to determine the molecular landscape of PDCL and the extent to which they represent GBM tumors.

  Study EGAS00001001871

• The Genetic Landscape of Mutations in Burkitt Lymphoma

  Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is characterized by deregulation of MYC, but the contribution of other genetic mutations to the disease is largely unknown. We sequenced exomes of 59 BL tumors, 14 of which had paired normal tissue. Our work elucidates commonly occurring gene-coding mutations in Burkitt lymphoma and implicates ID3 as a novel tumor suppressor gene.

  Study phs000562

• Whole-Genome Sequencing Analysis of Extrachromosomal DNA with Amplicon Architect

  The study is related to our manuscript entitled "Single-cell genetic heterogeneity linked to immune infiltration in glioblastoma". Using multiplexed FISH analysis of 3-4 tumor cores from 17 glioblastoma formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumors, we identified two classes of tumors based on single cell co-occurrence of EGFR and CDK4 amplification. Tumors with a low odds ratio for finding EGFR and CDK4 amplified in the same cell (ORlow tumors) had higher EGFR copy number and higher diversity of copy number in cells harboring EGFR amplification. This suggested that in ORlow tumors EGFR is likely present on extrachromosomal DNA. To test this hypothesis, we performed whole genome sequencing on DNA extracted from FFPE slides from 3 ORlow samples and 3 ORhigh samples and used AmpliconArchitect to investigate the structure of the EGFR amplicon. We found multiple breakpoints and high complexity structure in the 3 tested ORlow samples, but not in the ORhigh samples, supporting the possibility of an extrachromosomal nature of EGFR amplification in the first group.

  Study phs003100

• HeLa Cell Genome Sequencing Studies

  HeLa is a human epithelial adenocarcinoma cell line that was derived from biopsy specimens of a 31-year old patient named Henrietta Lacks who was being treated for cervical cancer at The Johns Hopkins University Hospital in 1951. The specimens were obtained without her knowledge or consent just before her death in 1951. HeLa is the oldest and most widely used human cell line and has been an extraordinarily important resource for researchers throughout the world. HeLa cells have served as a standard for understanding many fundamental biological processes, such as testing the polio vaccine, establishing basic techniques for cloning and in vitro fertilization, identifying the cause of cervical cancer (HPV), and advancing the development of anti-cancer drugs.This study contains all authorized whole genome sequence data of the HeLa cell line from datasets currently in dbGaP. These data have been approved for health, medical, and/or biomedical research purposes. Access to these data can be granted for one year. Accessible data will include the studies listed on this page and any additional authorized datasets that become available during this one-year period. The HeLa Genome Data Access Working Group of the Advisory Committee to the Director (ACD) will review requests from the research community for access to these datasets and assess whether the requests align with the terms of use defined in the HeLa Genome Data Use Agreement. The Working Group's findings will be reported to the ACD, and the ACD will make recommendations to the NIH Director about whether a request should be approved or disapproved. The NIH Director will decide whether access to the data will be granted.

  Study phs000640

• Salivary Gland Cancer TSO500 dataset

  Salivary gland cancer (SGC) is a rare cancer for which systemic treatment options are limited. Therefore, it is important to characterize its genetic landscape in search for actionable aberrations. This research aimed to identify these actionable aberrations by NGS-based analysis of DNA (single and multiple nucleotide variants, copy number variants, microsatellite instability and tumor mutational burden) in a large cohort of SGC patients. DNA was extracted from archival tissue of 119 patients with various SGC subtypes and sequenced using a targeted NGS panel encompassing 523 cancer related genes (TruSight Oncology 500, TSO500). The 119 patients included 46 AdCC patients, 43 SDC patients, 15 MEC patients, 9 AciCC patients and 6 patients with other subtypes (1 secretory carcinoma, 1 polymorphic adenocarcinoma (PAC), 1 adenocarcinoma NOS, 1 myoepithelial carcinoma, 1 epithelial/myoepithelial carcinoma and 1 mixed PAC/myoepithelial carcinoma). Median exon coverage ranged from 80-904 (median 308) unique reads and the median percentage of exon coverage with at least 100 unique reads was median 96.6% in these 119 samples.

  Study EGAS00001006232

• eMERGE Network Imputed GWAS for 41 Phenotypes

  The electronic Medical Records and Genomics (eMERGE) Network is a consortium of ten participating sites (Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center/Boston Children's Hospital, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Essentia Institute of Rural Health, Marshfield Clinic Research Foundation and Pennsylvania State University, Geisinger Clinic, Group Health Cooperative/University of Washington, Mayo Clinic, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Northwestern University, Vanderbilt University Medical Center) funded by the NHGRI to investigate the use of electronic medical record (EMR) systems for genomic research. The goal of eMERGE is to conduct genome-wide association studies in approximately 55,000 individuals using EMR-derived phenotypes and DNA from linked Biorepositories. Using electronic phenotyping methods, the consortium used DNA samples from all participating sites to explore the genetic determinants of over forty phenotypes, including Abdominal aortic aneurysm; Ace-Inhibitor/Cough; Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder; Age-related macular disease; Appendicitis; Asthma; Atopic Dermatitis; Autism; Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia; Carotid artery disease as a Quantitative Measure; caMRSA; Cataract; Clostridium difficile colitis; Extreme Obesity; Chronic Kidney Disease; Chronic Kidney Disease and Type 2 Diabetes; Chronic Kidney Disease, Type 2 Diabetes and Hypertension; Colon Polyps; Cardiorespiratory Fitness; Dementia; Diverticulosis; Diabetic retinopathy; Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease; Glaucoma; Height; Heart failure; Hypothyroidism; Lipids; Ocular hypertension; Peripheral Arterial Disease; QRS duration; Red blood cell indices; Remission of Diabetes after ROUX-EN-Y gastric bypass surgery; Resistant hypertension; MACE while on Statins; Type 2 Diabetes; Venous Thromboembolism; White blood cell indices; and Zoster virus infection, as well as using the phenome-wide association study (PheWAS) paradigm to replicate and discover relationships between targeted genotypes with multiple phenotypes. Sites and participants include: Children's Hospital of Pennsylvania (CHOP): The Center for Applied Genomics (CAG) at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) is a high-throughput, highly automated genotyping and sequencing facility equipped with state-of-the-art genotyping and sequencing platforms. Children who are treated at the Children's Hospital Healthcare Network and their parents may be eligible to take part in a major initiative to collect more than 100,000 blood samples, covering a wide range of pediatric diseases. A large majority of participants consenting to prospective genomic analyses also consent to analysis of their de-identified electronic medical records (EMRs). EMRs are longitudinal, with a mean duration of 6.5 years. Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center/Boston's Children's Hospital (CCHMC/BCH): Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC) and Boston Children's Hospital (BCH) are pediatric institutions dedicated to improving health and welfare of children and to the shared purpose of discovery and practical application of new genomic information to the ordinary care of children. The CCHMC/BCH site has been built on a five-year history of collaboration, particularly in patient electronic record (ERM)-related informatics, the basis of much of eMERGE II. CCHMC and BCH together bring an extraordinary faculty to eMERGE II who are committed to diseases that afflict children, specifically phenotypes that focus upon diseases of children in ways that will leverage the available eMERGE adult GWAS and EMRs to discover meaningful use results. CCHMC/BCH plans to demonstrate real-time execution of phenotypic selection across their two distinct pediatric institutions as a model for ensuring phenotypic standardization and for national scalability. They will also look carefully at parents' responses to results and use of their children's research results and better understand the factors that influence their decisions about learning incidental findings. In addition to patient and parent perceptions CCHMC/BCH will also explore clinician perceptions of pharmacogenetic research results after EMR integration. Geisinger Health System: A research cohort of adult Geisinger Clinic patients was enrolled from community-based primary care clinics of the Geisinger Health System. Patients were eligible for enrollment if they were a primary care patient of a Geisinger Clinic physician and were scheduled for a non-emergent clinic visit. All participants provided written informed consent and HIPAA authorization. Consenting patients agreed to provide blood samples for broad biomedical research use, and permission to access data in their Geisinger electronic medical record for research. The enrollment rate was 90% of patients approached. The demographics of the cohort approximate those of the Geisinger Clinic outpatient population. Research blood samples were collected during an outpatient clinical phlebotomy encounter. Research blood samples are coded and stored in a central biorepository. Samples are linkable to clinical data in a de-identified manner for research via an IRB-approved data broker process. For genomic analysis, DNA is extracted from EDTA-anticoagulated whole blood. Group Health(GH)/University of Washington (UW): GH participants for the PGx project were enrolled in the eMERGE Network through the Northwest Institute of Genetic Medicine (NWIGM) biorepository, and provided the appropriate consent to receive clinically relevant genetic results (N~6300.) Participants were eligible if aged 50 - 65 years old at the time of their enrollment into the NWIGM repository, living, enrolled in GH's integrated group practice, and had completed an online Health Risk Appraisal. The selection algorithm was based on several data sources from the EHR at Group Health: 1. Demographics - participants with self-reported race as Asian or African ancestry were prioritized and selected to enrich for non-European ancestry; 2. Diagnosis and procedure codes - participants were selected if found to have a history of hypertension, atrial fibrillation (AF), or congestive heart failure (CHF). Participants with a history of arrhythmia were added if the entire selection algorithm did not generate 900 individuals. We also enriched for participants with EHR evidence of actionable indications related to PGRNSeq genes. Participants were selected if found to have an ICD9 code for malignant hyperthermia, hypertension, atrial fibrillation, congestive heart failure or long QT syndrome (LQTS); 3. Laboratory values - if participants had any laboratory event of creatine kinase (CK) >1000, and were dispensed statins within 6 months of the event, then they were selected; and 4. Medications - participants were excluded if ever on carbamazepine or had a current regimen of warfarin. Essentia Institute of Rural Health, Marshfield Clinic, Pennsylvania State University (Marshfield): The Marshfield Clinic Personalized Medicine Research Project is a population-based biobank in central Wisconsin with more than 20,000 adult subjects who provided written, informed consent to access their medical records and provided a blood sample from which DNA was extracted and plasma and serum stored. In addition to an average of 30 years of medical history data, a questionnaire about environmental exposures, including a detailed food frequency questionnaire, is available to facilitate gene/environment studies. Mayo Clinic: The Mayo biobank is a disease-specific biobank for vascular diseases including peripheral arterial disease (PAD). PAD patients were identified from individuals referred to the non-invasive vascular laboratory for lower extremity arterial evaluation. Since 1997, laboratory findings have been recorded into an electronic database employing an in-house software package for data archiving and retrieval; this data becomes part of the Mayo EMR. Patients referred to the center with suspected PAD undergo a comprehensive non-invasive evaluation including the ankle-brachial index (ABI) - the ratio of blood pressure measured in the upper arms divided by blood pressure measured at the ankles. Controls subjects are identified from patients referred to the Cardiovascular Health Clinic for stress ECG. The prevalence of PAD in patients with normal exercise capacity who do not have inducible ischemia on the stress ECG , was <1%. Data regarding risk factors for atherosclerosis such as diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and smoking are ascertained from the EMR. Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai School (Mt. Sinai): The Institute for Personalized Medicine (IPM) Biobank Project is a consented, EMR-linked medical care setting biorepository of the Mount Sinai Medical Center (MSMC) drawing from a population of over 70,000 inpatients and 800,000 outpatient visits annually. MSMC serves diverse local communities of upper Manhattan, including Central Harlem (86% African American), East Harlem (88% Hispanic Latino), and Upper East Side (88% Caucasian/white) with broad health disparities. IPM Biobank populations include 28% African American (AA), 38% Hispanic Latino (HL) predominantly of Caribbean origin, 23% Caucasian/White (CW). IPM Biobank disease burden is reflective of health disparities with broad public health impact: average body mass index of 28.9 and frequencies of hypertension (55%), hypercholesterolemia (32%), diabetes (30%), coronary artery disease (25%), chronic kidney disease (23%), among others. Biobank operations are fully integrated in clinical care processes, including direct recruitment from clinical sites, waiting areas and phlebotomy stations by dedicated Biobank recruiters independent of clinical care providers, prior to or following a clinician standard of care visit. Recruitment currently occurs at a broad spectrum of over 30 clinical care sites. Northwestern University: The NUgene Project is a repository with longitudinal medical information from participating patients at affiliated hospitals and outpatient clinics from the Northwestern University Medical Center. Participants' DNA samples are coupled with data from a self-reported questionnaire and continuously updated data from our Electronic Medical Record (EMR) representing actual clinical care events. Northwestern has a state-of-the art, comprehensive inpatient and outpatient EMR system of over 2 million patients. NUgene has broad access to participant data for all outpatient visits as well as inpatient data via a consolidated data warehouse. NUgene participants consent to distribution and use of their coded DNA samples and data for a broad range of genetic research by third-party investigators. Vanderbilt University: BioVU, Vanderbilt's DNA databank, is an enabling resource for exploration of the relationships among genetic variation, disease susceptibility, and variable drug responses, and represents a key first step in moving the emerging sciences of genomics and pharmacogenomics from research tools to clinical practice. BioVU acquires DNA from discarded blood samples collected from routine patient care. The biobank is linked to de-identified clinical data extracted from Vanderbilt's EMR, which forms the basis for phenotype definitions used in genotype-phenotype correlations.

  Study phs000888

• Hereditary Cancer Diagnostics with I2HCP gene panel

  Germline blood DNA sequencing data generated in routine diagnostics of hereditary cancer using the I2HCP gene panel (~135 genes). There are 130 samples sequenced in a MiSeq machine and 108 sequenced in a HiSeq machine. There is a partial overlap between those two sets, meaning that some samples were sequenced in both machines. There is a strong enrichment in samples with copy-number variants (CNV), both single- and multi-exon, since this dataset was compiled for a benchmarking effort of CNV calling tools for genetic diagnostics.

  Dataset EGAD00001006171

• Whole Genome Association Study of Visceral Adiposity in the Health Aging and Body Composition (Health ABC) Study

  The Health Aging and Body Composition (Health ABC) Study is a NIA-sponsored cohort study of the factors that contribute to incident disability and the decline in function of healthier older persons, with a particular emphasis on changes in body composition in old age. Between 4/15/97 and 6/5/98 the Health ABC study has recruited 3,075 70-79 year old community-dwelling adults (41% African-American), who were initially free of mobility and activities of daily living disability. The key components of Health ABC include a baseline exam, annual follow-up clinical exams, and phone contacts every 6 months to identify major health events and document functional status between clinic visits. The core yearly examination for HEALTH ABC includes measurement of body composition by dual energy x-ray absorptio-metry (DXA), walking ability, strength, an interview that includes self-report of limitations, and a medication survey, weight. At baseline, visceral adiposity was measured by computerized tomography (CT). Provision has been made for banking of blood specimens and extracted DNA (HealthABC repository). The overall goal of this project is to identify genetic determinants of visceral adiposity. Genetic samples from 2932 unrelated participants were evaluated with a genome-wide scan.

  Study phs000169

• Pharmacogenomics of Rheumatoid Arthritis Therapy

  Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common autoimmune inflammatory arthritis worldwide and affects 1.3 million adults in the USA. It has previously been studied using phenotype algorithms to identify electronic health records (EHR) case cohorts. Early genetic studies of EHR-linked cohorts of RA patients have been replicated in known associations. Further development of collections of EHR-linked cohorts for RA and other phenotypes may enable not only enhanced understanding of disease risks but also the investigation of outcomes and treatment responses.

  Study phs000983

• Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage patients with or without vasospasm

  Cerebellar vasospasm is a severe complication of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) occurring for 30% of aSAH patients. To date, no biomarker of vasospasm occurrence exists and thus all aSAH patients undergo a preventive and dangerous treatment. In this study, we explored the miRNome of aSAH patients to detect potential expression differences between the patients developing a vasospasm (VSP+) or not (VSP-). The shared data include raw and normalized count miRNA data in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage patients with or without vasospasm.

  Study EGAS00001003092

• Field studies of Cryptosporidiosis and Enteropathogens in Bangladesh

  Cryptosporidiosis causes severe diarrhea in infants in the developing world. There is no vaccine to prevent it, and little in the way of treatment. This study on Bangladeshi urban slum children aims to support the design of a vaccine, both by determining how the immune system protects from infection and by identifying the genotypes of the parasite that should be included in a vaccine, as well as aid in development of therapies by identifying human genes that control infection. The primary objective of the study was to determine the incidence and contribution to disease of the different species and genotypes of cryptosporidia. Secondary objectives were designed to determine acquired immune response to cryptosporidiosis and identify human genes that influence susceptibility to cryptosporidiosis. This is an observational study. Children were recruited from Mirpur Dhaka slum (Cohort 1) and rural Mirzapur (Cohort 2) and followed for cryptosporidium infection longitudinally from birth through age 4 years in Cohort 1 and birth through age 2 years in Cohort 2. Biweekly household visits for diarrheal surveillance were made in addition to anthropometric measurements of mother and child, blood samples collected two times each year from the child, a work-up of diarrheal stools and non-diarrheal surveillance stools for cryptosporidium and other enteropathogens, and blood and breast milk samples from the mother. A detailed description of the study design and procedures can be obtained from publication: Kevin L Steiner, et al., 2018, PMID: 29897482.

  Study phs001665

• Whole genome and RNA sequencing of paediatric glioblastoma in the ICGC PedBrain project

  Paediatric glioblastoma (pedGBM) is characterised by substantial intertumoural heterogeneity. In order to identify the genetic lesions underlying tumourigenesis, we analysed whole genomes and transcriptomes of pedGBMs and in vitro model systems by next generation sequencing. Novel fusions of the receptor tyrosine kinase MET lead us to investigate targeted therapy using MET inhibitors. This study is part of the International Cancer Genome Consortium PedBrain Tumor Project (ICGC PedBrain, http://www.pedbraintumor.org/).

  Study EGAS00001001139

• Subpopulations and Intermediate Outcome Measures in COPD Study (SPIROMICS)

  Subpopulations and Intermediate Outcome Measures in COPD Study Description Subpopulations and intermediate outcome measures in COPD study (SPIROMICS) supports the prospective collection and analysis of phenotypic, biomarker, genetic, genomic, and clinical data from subjects with COPD for the purpose of identifying subpopulations and intermediate outcome measures. It is funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and is coordinated by the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Molecular fingerprinting and extensive subject phenotyping will be performed to identify disease subpopulations and to identify and validate surrogate markers of disease severity which will be useful as intermediate outcome measures for future clinical trials. Secondary aims are to clarify the natural history of COPD, to develop bioinformatic resources that will enable the utilization and sharing of data in studies of COPD and related diseases, and to create a collection of clinical, biomarker, radiographic, and genetic data that can be used by external investigators for other studies of COPD. Participating Institutions: Research participants for SPIROMICS will be enrolled, phenotyped, and followed at twelve SPIROMICS Clinical Centers: Columbia University, Temple University, Johns Hopkins University, Wake Forest University, University of Michigan, University of Illinois at Chicago, University of Iowa, University of Utah, National Jewish Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, University of California at San Francisco, and University of California at Los Angeles. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill serves as the Genomics and Informatics Center. The Radiology Reading Center is based at the University of Iowa. The PFT Reading Center is based at the University of California at Los Angeles. Study Design: SPIROMICS is a prospective cohort study that enrolled approximately 2,981 participants at twelve clinical centers over five years. Participants are distributed across four enrollment strata (i.e., Never-smokers, Smokers without COPD, Mild/Moderate COPD, and Severe COPD). Study Visits: Participants have up to four in-person visits (Baseline and Annual Clinic Visits at years 1, 2, 3 after Baseline). Study questionnaires and spirometry are completed at all main study visits. Blood and urine samples are collected at visits 1, 2, and 4. Sputum samples are collected at Visit 1. The CT scans are completed and Baseline and Visit 2. Participants also receive quarterly follow-up calls to assess health status and determine if an exacerbation has occurred. Substudies A. Bronchoscopy and Immunophenotyping Substudy The Bronchoscopy Substudy enrolled a total of 251 participants. These participants will be recruited across all four study strata. This substudy includes two study visits. During the first visit sputum samples are collected for Immunophenotyping analysis at the Immunophenotyping Core Lab based at the University of Michigan. Participants then return for a second visit during which samples are collected via bronchoscopy, including bronchoalveolar lavage, epithelial brushings and bronchial biopsies. Immunophenotyping analysis is also conducted on BAL and blood collected during the bronchoscopy study visit. B. Repeatability Substudy The entire baseline clinic visit was repeated on 98 volunteers to determine reliability of measurement procedures. All baseline study-related procedures and questionnaires, including the CT scan, was re-administered and new samples of blood, urine, saliva, and sputum was collected. Field center staff processed these biospecimen samples according to the same protocol. C. Exacerbation Substudy The Exacerbation Substudy is a prospective, longitudinal observational study of 204 participants, which will allow the assessment of participant driven health care utilization (HCU) events and symptom-defined exacerbation events over time. HCU driven events are defined by change in medical treatment in response to a perceived COPD Exacerbation. Symptom-based events will be defined by using EXACT-PRO (EXacerbations of Chronic Pulmonary Disease Tool - Patient Reported Outcome) a daily symptom diary developed to measure the frequency, severity, and duration of exacerbations in clinical trials. All participants are provided with a PDA on which to complete the diary. Participants reporting a possible COPD exacerbation will be brought into the study clinic for a study visit to collect biological specimens and questionnaire data. The overall objectives of the exacerbation substudy are to: Obtain clinical data and specimens on SPIROMICS participants before and during an acute COPD exacerbation defined by: Health care utilization triggered by the subject, or Symptomatic change (triggered by an EXACT defined threshold) Describe symptomatic changes occurring around HCU and symptom-defined (EXACT) events and their relationship to clinical and specimen data Characterize the non-exacerbation "stable" state in COPD using the EXACT, including: Symptom variability (EXACT), Clinical data and specimen parameters during a stable state (baseline), The relationship between clinical and specimen data and symptom severity and variability. Explore the characteristics of stable patients, defined as those who do not experience HCU or symptom-defined (EXACT) events during the sub-study period, using baseline clinical data and specimens and compare these characteristics with patients who experience HCU and/or symptom-defined events. Examine the relationship between HCU and symptom-defined exacerbation frequency during the first one-year period of follow-up for exacerbations and health outcomes, including 12-month change in lung function and COPD health status, and longer term morbidity and mortality, with the latter derived from long-term data from the larger SPIROMICS study.

  Study phs001119