17417 results for "fc 26 coins Buyfc26coins.com is EA Sports official for FC 26 coins They are definitely a top seller..rG5l"

in 48.07 milliseconds.

• Collaborative Association Study of Psoriasis

  The goal of this collaborative study is to combine the resources and expertise of three groups with long-standing studies of psoriasis genetics in order to identify new genetic susceptibility factors for psoriasis, a common inflammatory skin disease that affects over 4 million Americans. Consent groups and participant set General research use (GRU): 1677 (950 cases, 692 controls, 35 others) Autoimmune disease (AD): 1198 (449 cases, 734 controls, 15 others)

  Study phs000019

• Analysis of Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma Expressing HNF4alpha Using WGS

  Lung LCNEC (Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma) has a poor prognosis, and no effective treatment has yet been established. We have found that the gastrointestinal marker HNF4alpha is specifically expressed in some LCNEC cases. By performing Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) on samples from 10 LCNEC patients, we aim to identify changes characteristic of LCNEC expressing HNF4alpha and explore new classifications and treatment options for LCNEC.

  Study JGAS000732

• Analysis of Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma Expressing POU2F3 Using WGS

  Lung LCNEC (Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma) has a poor prognosis, and no effective treatment has yet been established. We have found that the tuft-cell marker POU2F3 is specifically expressed in some LCNEC cases. By performing Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS) on samples from 10 LCNEC patients, we aim to identify changes characteristic of LCNEC expressing POU2F3 and explore new classifications and treatment options for LCNEC.

  Study JGAS000784

• The_impact_of_the_human_leukaemia_virus_HTLV_1_on_host_gene_expression

  PBMCs were purified from blood samples of 8 HTLV-1 infected individuals, and cryo-preserved in fetal calf serum containing 10% DMSO. DNA from each samples was extracted using Qiagen Blood & Tissue kit according to the manufacturer's protocol. This data is part of a pre-publication release. For information on the proper use of pre-publication data shared by the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute please see http://www.sanger.ac.uk/datasharing/

  Study EGAS00001002259

• RNA_expression_profiling_of_melanoma_patient_derived_xenograft

  Patient-derived xenografts (n=96) were derived from metastatic melanoma patients. RNA expression profiling will be preformed to study 1. HLA-typing and 2. the effect of the tumour microenvironment on tumour growthThis data is part of a pre-publication release. For information on the proper use of pre-publication data shared by the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute (including details of any publication moratoria), please see http://www.sanger.ac.uk/datasharing/

  Study EGAS00001001537

• Mate-pair sequencing of 12q-amplified osteosarcomas

  Mate-pair sequencing of 12q-amplified osteosarcomas for the detection of structural variants. This was carried out in order to study the structure of the chromosome 12q-amplicons and whether material from other chromosomes is also intertwined and amplified in a bid to further characterise these tumours beyond CDK4 and MDM2 amplification. Mate-pair data was also used to verify gene fusions detected with RNA-seq.

  Study EGAS50000000493

• Saliva microbiota in Finnish children

  The human intestinal microbiota may play a role in the development of overweight and obesity. However, associations between saliva microbiota and body mass index (BMI) have been sparsely studied, although the oral cavity is the major gateway for microbes into the body. The aim of this study was to identify associations between the saliva microbiota and BMI categories in Finnish children aged 9-14 years.

  Study EGAS00001003039

• Whole exome sequencing data of tumor/normal pairs for the study "TGF-β attenuates tumour response to PD-L1 blockade by contributing to exclusion of T cells"

  Tumor DNA was extracted from formalin-fixed and paraffin embedded tumors of a large cohort of bladder cancer patients before treatment with anti-PD-L1. Normal DNA was extracted from matched PBMCs. Whole exome sequencing was performed. This is a subset of patients for which RNA sequencing is also provided (with more detailed phenotypic information).

  Dataset EGAD00001004218

• Whole Exome Sequencing of One Nuclear Family with Non-syndromic Sensorineural Hearing Loss

  Our goal is to find genes responsible for non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss. Blood samples were collected from the JS6 family affected with hearing loss. The family is of Caribbean Hispanic ethnicity. Family JS6 consisted of two deaf siblings, JS6.001 (Male) and JS6.002 (Female) and healthy parents, JS6.100 (mother) and JS6.200 (father). The siblings had no other medical findings. Audiometry tests and Rinne and Weber tuning fork tests identified sensorineural hearing loss in the two siblings. We performed whole exome sequencing of the four individuals and identified a recessive mutation, p.(Arg186Trp), in the CIB2 gene in the two affected siblings. Both parents were unaffected carriers.

  Study phs000969

• Whole genome sequencing data of pediatric hypodiploid acute lymphoblastic leukemia

  Hypodiploid acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a rare subtype of B-cell ALL characterized by chromosome number < 45 , encompassing near-haploid (24–29 chromosomes) and low-hypodiploid (30–39 chromosomes) subgroups. These subgroups display distinct genetic landscapes, including Ras and receptor tyrosine kinase pathway alterations in near-haploid ALL, and frequent IKZF2, RB1, and germline TP53 alterations in low-hypodiploid ALL. Clinically, hypodiploid ALL is associated with dismal prognosis, with 5-year overall survival rates often between 50-70% in children and markedly worse in adults. Despite advances in risk stratification and MRD-guided therapy, allogeneic stem cell transplantation remains the current standard recommendation for affected patients.

  Study EGAS50000001305

• RNA sequencing data of pediatric hypodiploid acute lymphoblastic leukemia

  Hypodiploid acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a rare subtype of B-cell ALL characterized by chromosome number < 45 , encompassing near-haploid (24–29 chromosomes) and low-hypodiploid (30–39 chromosomes) subgroups. These subgroups display distinct genetic landscapes, including Ras and receptor tyrosine kinase pathway alterations in near-haploid ALL, and frequent IKZF2, RB1, and germline TP53 alterations in low-hypodiploid ALL. Clinically, hypodiploid ALL is associated with dismal prognosis, with 5-year overall survival rates often between 50-70% in children and markedly worse in adults. Despite advances in risk stratification and MRD-guided therapy, allogeneic stem cell transplantation remains the current standard recommendation for affected patients.

  Study EGAS50000001806

• Organoid Profiling Identifies Common Responders to Chemotherapy in Pancreatic Cancer

  We generated a collection of patient-derived pancreatic normal and cancer organoids. We performed whole genome sequencing, targeted exome sequencing, and RNA sequencing on organoids as well as matched tumor and normal tissue if available. This dataset is a valuable resource for pancreas cancer researchers, and those looking to compare primary tissue to organoid culture. In our linked publication, we show that pancreatic cancer organoids recapitulate the mutational spectrum of pancreatic cancer. Furthermore, RNA sequencing of organoids demonstrates the presence of both transcriptional subtypes of pancreas cancer.

  Study phs001611

• Pyoderma Gangrenosum Caused by Molecular Uncoupling of OTULIN Catalytic Activity and LUBAC Binding

  This is a single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) study using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from 3 healthy donors and 2 patients with OTULIN-related Pyoderma Gangrenosum (ORP). Samples were not hashed or multiplexed. The 10X Genomics Platform was used for sequencing. Principal findings include transcriptome changes due to a mutation in OTULIN that causes OTULIN-Related Pyoderma gangrenosum (ORP), without affecting OTULIN function but abrogating its binding ability to the linear ubiquitin assembly complex (LUBAC). FASTA files will be available through dbGaP.

  Study phs004114

• Identification_of_immune_mechanisms_associated_with_the_high_rate_of_relapse_in_patient_with_visceral_leishmaniasis_and_HIV_co_infection

  RNA-seq transcriptomics of whole blood samples from longitudinal follow-up of a cohort of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) patients with and without HIV coinfection, from active disease through apparent cure and potential relapse. Analysis will identify potential correlates of relapse to identify immune mechanisms underlying the high rate of relapse in HIV/VL coinfection. This data is part of a pre-publication release. For information on the proper use of pre-publication data shared by the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute (including details of any publication moratoria), please see http://www.sanger.ac.uk/datasharing/

  Study EGAS00001003465

• Chromatin Accessibility Landscape of Human Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC)

  Therapeutic options in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) are largely limited to cytotoxic chemotherapy without the benefit of molecular markers predicting response. By ATAC-seq analyses of EpCAM+ PDAC malignant epithelial cells sorted from 54 freshly resected human tumors, we discovered a signature of 1092 chromatin loci displaying differential accessibility between patients with disease-free survival (DFS) &lt; 1 year and patients with DFS &gt; 1 year. Using this signature, we further develop a chromatin accessibility microarray methodology termed &#8220;ATAC-Array&#8221;, an easy-to-use platform obviating the time and cost of next-generation sequencing. PDAC prognosis can be predicted by ATAC-array, which represents a low-cost, clinically feasible technology for assessing chromatin accessibility profiles.

  Study phs002394

• Profiling the genomic landscape and evolutionary history of polyploid giant cancer cells in undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcomas

  Polyploid giant cancer cells (PGCCs), characterised by multi-nucleation and atypical nuclear morphology, are a common feature of undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcomas. While PGCCs may be a critical substrate for cancer evolution, their formation pathways and the genomic consequences of PGCCs remain relatively under explored. In this study, we characterise PGCCs in undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcomas, as well as their histological mimics, and use topographic single-cell DNA sequencing (scDNA-seq) to investigate their genomic landscape. We selected PGCCs based on their nuclear morphology, including mono-nucleated or multi-nucleated bizarre, misshapen nuclei and analysed them at single-cell resolution. Our findings highlight PGCCs as a highly heterogeneous and evolutionarily dynamic component of undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcomas.

  Study EGAS50000001445

• Single-cell RNA sequencing of 16 NPM1 mutated AML patients

  This dataset contains paired-end fastq files for single-cell RNA-seq of 16 NPM1 mutated AML patients. 19 fastq pairs are included, with two samples split into two lanes and a second (technical) replicate for one patient. Libraries were constructed using 10x Genomics Chromium Next GEM Single cell 3’ v3.1 and sequencing was performed using Illumina NovaSeq6000.

  Dataset EGAD50000000478

• The contribution of POT1 variants to sporadic melanoma development (2018-06-06)

  A case-control series of melanoma cases from Leeds, UK have been sequenced in the Fluidigm platform to identify genetic variants associated with sporadic melanoma development. Samples in which potentially contributing variants have been detected are being sequenced in an orthogonal platform for variant confirmation. . This dataset contains all the data available for this study on 2018-06-06.

  Dataset EGAD00001004151

• LEF1 knockdown effects on human T cell transcriptome and chromatin accessibility profiles.

  LEF1 (Lymphoid Enhancer-Binding Factor 1) is a key transcription factor in T cell development and function, and its dysregulation has been implicated in various immune-related disorders. This study aimed to comprehensively characterize the transcriptional and epigenetic changes induced by LEF1 knockdown in human T cells. CD3+ T cells isolated from three healthy donors were transfected with either LEF1-specific siRNA or control siRNA, followed by activation with CD3/CD28 Dynabeads and culture in IL-2-containing media. Cells were harvested at 24, 48 and 72 hours post-transfection for multi-omics analysis including bulk RNA-seq, bulk ATAC-seq, single-cell CITE-seq (For CITE-seq, 48 and 72 hours only). This dataset provides insights into LEF1-dependent gene regulatory networks and chromatin accessibility patterns in activated human T cells, contributing to our understanding of T cell biology and potential therapeutic targets. This dataset is part of a comprehensive study investigating functional roles of risk polymorphisms in autoimmune diseases, particularly focusing on the rs58107865 variant at the LEF1 locus.

  Study JGAS000818

• Single-Cell Multiomics of the Immune Microenvironment in T-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

  We present single-cell transcriptome and surface protein expression (CITE-seq) data from four healthy donors and fifteen pediatric T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) patients at diagnosis and at different treatment timepoints (days 1 &#8211; 6 and at time of remission). Mononuclear cells from peripheral blood (PB; longitudinal) or bone marrow (BM; diagnosis only) were isolated and CD45high immune cells and CD45dimCD7+ malignant cells were sorted and subsequently pooled to enrich for immune cells. For comparison,CD45high immune cells from four healthy donors were also sorted. Single-cell sequencing of the transcriptome and surface protein expression (204 antibodies) was performed using the 10x Genomics platform.Multiomics analyses resulted in the identification of a T-ALL subgroup characterized by a remodeled immune microenvironment at initial diagnosis. This immune landscape is dominated by the presence of non-malignant CD4-CD8-TCRab T cells that interact with CXCL16 expressing non-classical monocytes. Leukemia cell intrinsic transcriptional rewiring in these patients is associated with activation of Rap1 signaling.

  Study phs004269

• Dissection of the molecular complexity of colorectal cancer in pre-clinical models identifies predictive signatures of sensitivity to EGFR inhibitors

  Colorectal carcinoma (CRC) is a heterogeneous tumour entity, with only a fraction of the tumours responding to currently available therapies. A detailed understanding of the biology and genetics of CRC is a prerequisite for precision medicine. To address this challenge in clinical oncology, the OncoTrack consortium recruited 106 CRC patients (stages I-IV) and developed an integrated pre-clinical platform analysing drug sensitivity in the established matched patient-derived in vivo and in vitro models, 46 three-dimensional cell cultures and 59 xenografts, recapitulating many of the molecular features of the donor tumours. We generated extensive omics information on patient tumours and their derived models used to generate a compendium of drug sensitivity data. We could distinguish tumour molecular sub-groups responding differently to therapy and identified a novel independent predictor of sensitivity to the EGFR inhibitor cetuximab. The findings reported here will advance our understanding of CRC and its response to therapy.

  Study EGAS00001001752

• Longitudinal_profiling_of_the_immune_response_to_Plasmodium_vivax_in_naive_hosts_by_RNA_sequencing

  Plasmodium vivax offers unique challenges for control and elimination, and may prove a tougher hurdle to overcome than Plasmodium falciparum. And yet compared to P. falciparum we know very little about the innate and adaptive immune responses that need to be harnessed to reduce disease and transmission. We recently generated a blood bank of a new clonal field isolate of P. vivax (PvW1) for human challenge studies and used systems immunology tools to track the host response throughout infection and convalescence. As part of this study, RNA-sequencing was used to resolve changes in whole blood gene expression through time in 6 volunteers (7-9 time-points per volunteer). In summary, these data show that P. vivax induces two distinct transcriptional programmes in whole blood during and after infection. During infection, transcriptional profiling reveals the rapid mobilisation of an emergency myeloid response, which leads to systemic inflammation and the recruitment of all major T cell subsets into lymphoid tissues. Six days after infection, this innate response subsides and a transcriptional signature of proliferation is revealed. This most likely represents widespread activation of lymphocytes, which return to the circulation after parasite clearance - transcriptional profiling of T cells at this time-point could therefore reveal the outcomes of critical cell-cell interactions that take place within the spleen during infection. This data is part of a pre-publication release. For information on the proper use of pre-publication data shared by the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute (including details of any publication moratoria), please see http://www.sanger.ac.uk/datasharing/

  Study EGAS00001003847

• Tumour evolvability metrics predict recurrence in advanced localised prostate cancer (normal data)

  There is a need for quantitative measurements of evolutionary metrics in controlled clinical trials with long term follow-up information. This is particularly true in advanced localised prostate cancer, which can recur more than a decade after diagnosis. Here we mapped genomic intra-tumour heterogeneity in 642 tumour samples from 114 patients who took part in the IMRT and DELINEATE clinical trials, for which full clinical information and 12y median follow-up was available. We concomitantly assessed phenotypic (morphological) heterogeneity using Deep Learning in 1,923 histological sections from 250 IMRT patients (fully overlapping with the genetic set). This study shows that combining genomics with AI-aided histopathology in clinical trials leads to novel clinical biomarkers. This EGA repository contains data produced from tumour samples using low coverage whole genome sequencing and a prostate cancer specific gene panel data following compression of unique molecular identifiers.

  Dataset EGAD00001010295

• Tumour evolvability metrics predict recurrence in advanced localised prostate cancer (tumour data)

  There is a need for quantitative measurements of evolutionary metrics in controlled clinical trials with long term follow-up information. This is particularly true in advanced localised prostate cancer, which can recur more than a decade after diagnosis. Here we mapped genomic intra-tumour heterogeneity in 642 tumour samples from 114 patients who took part in the IMRT and DELINEATE clinical trials, for which full clinical information and 12y median follow-up was available. We concomitantly assessed phenotypic (morphological) heterogeneity using Deep Learning in 1,923 histological sections from 250 IMRT patients (fully overlapping with the genetic set). This study shows that combining genomics with AI-aided histopathology in clinical trials leads to novel clinical biomarkers. This EGA repository contains data produced from tumour samples using low coverage whole genome sequencing and a prostate cancer specific gene panel data following compression of unique molecular identifiers.

  Dataset EGAD00001010274

• RNA-Seq Dataset of Organoid drug profiling identifies methotrexate as a therapy for SCCOHT, a rare pediatric cancer

  We generated and characterized tumoroids from small cell carcinoma of the ovary, hypercalcemic type. Furthermore, we identified a drug that is selective and effective against SCCOHT tumoroids.

  Dataset EGAD00001015441

• Genome-Wide Scan for Genetic Variants Associated with Early-Onset Prostate Cancer

  This is a genome-wide association scan of 931 early-onset prostate cancer cases of European ancestry. The samples were selected from prostate cancer studies at the University of Michigan. Controls were previously genotyped individuals selected from the Cancer Genetics Markers of Susceptibility (CGEMS) and Illumina&#39;s iControlDB database.

  Study phs001185

• Identification of genetic mutations characteristic for recurrence and metastasis of lymphoma.

  We collected the cancerous tissues of the primary and recurrence tumors from the same patient with recurrent B cell lymphoma, and the purpose of this study is to find the characteristics of recurrent B cell lymphoma by carrying out a "molecular profiling", mainly the exome sequence analysis of these tissues.

  Study JGAS000087

• Identification of genetic mutations characteristic for recurrence and metastasis of gastric cancer.

  We collected the cancerous tissues of the primary and recurrence tumors from the same patient with recurrent / metastatic gastric cancer, and the purpose of this study is to find the characteristics of recurrent / metastatic gastric cancers by carrying out a "molecular profiling", mainly the exome sequence analysis of these tissues.

  Study JGAS000086

• Whole Genome Sequencing of HCC

  The present series corresponds to 24 whole genome sequencing (12 Tumoral/Non-tumoral pairs). Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for more than 90% of liver cancers, and is a major health problem. It is the 3rd cause of cancer-related mortality. Advances in genomic analyses have formed a comprehensive understanding of different underlying pathobiological layers resulting in hepatocarcinogenesis. Thus, the development of next-generation sequencing technologies has made it possible to generate more comprehensive catalogues of somatic alteration events (single nucleotide substitutions, structural variations, and epigenetic changes) in liver cancer genome than ever before.

  Dataset EGAD00001003994

• Identification of drug resistance genes in melanoma by mRNA gene expression

  We aim to sequence the mRNA transcriptome of 22 human melanoma cell lines in biological triplicate in order to define the gene expression profile of each cell line. The data will be correlated to the mutation status and the sensitivity to a panel of drugs in order to identify genes whose deregulation is associated to drug resistance This data is part of a pre-publication release. For information on the proper use of pre-publication data shared by the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute (including details of any publication moratoria), please see http://www.sanger.ac.uk/datasharing/

  Dataset EGAD00001003244

• Identification of drug resistance genes in melanoma by small RNAs expression analysis

  We aim to sequence the small RNAs of 22 human melanoma cell lines in biological triplicate in order to define the microRNAs expression profile of each cell line. The data will be correlated to the mutation status and the sensitivity to a panel of drugs in order to identify genes whose deregulation is associated to drug resistance This data is part of a pre-publication release. For information on the proper use of pre-publication data shared by the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute (including details of any publication moratoria), please see http://www.sanger.ac.uk/datasharing/

  Dataset EGAD00001003245

• HCA_Adrenal_Foetal_WSSS_RNA_SB

  The Human Cell Atlas initiative is an ambitious global research effort which aims to describe every cell in the human body across all developmental stages to generate a reference map to accelerate progress in science and medicine particularly relating to human development and disease. The initiative is led by investigators based at the Wellcome Sanger Institute and the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard and funding support from the Wellcome and NIH. This specific project will assess human development. We aim to interrogate the cellular composition and molecular regulators underpinning development and maturation through single cell RNA-sequencing/spatial transcriptomics and computational algorithms to predict cellular developmental trajectories and cell-cell interactions. We will subsequent validate these findings in situ using allied imaging technologies e.g. immunohistochemistry and RNAscope and in vitro culture of human intestinal organoids (HIOs). This data is part of a pre-publication release. For information on the proper use of pre-publication data shared by the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute (including details of any publication moratoria), please see http://www.sanger.ac.uk/datasharing/

  Study EGAS00001004089

• Assessment_of_epigenetic_variation_in_human_iPS_cells_Medip

  n order to progress human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) towards the clinic, several outstanding questions must be addressed. It is possible to reprogram different somatic cell types into hiPSCs and from studies in the mouse, it appears that an epigenetic memory of the starting cell type is carried over to hiPSCs. However a comprehensive comparative study of the characteristics of these hiPSCs has been missing from the literature. Importantly studies which aimed to address these aspects of hiPSCs have used cells from different patients. In order to avoid this important confounding variable and to keep the genetic background constant, tissue samples were procured from the patients and reprogrammed to iPS cells. The methylation status of these iPS cells will be compared.Protocol:Primary cell cultures were generated and reprogrammed to iPS cells. DNA was extracted and immunoprecipitated using anti-methyl cytosine and anti-hydroxymethyl cytosine antibodies.This data is part of a pre-publication release. For information on the proper use of pre-publication data shared by the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute (including details of any publication moratoria), please see http://www.sanger.ac.uk/datasharing/

  Study EGAS00001000741

• reChIP-seq reveals widespread bivalency of H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 in CD4+ memory T-Cells

  Identification of genomic loci exhibiting the physical co-localization of two distinct DNA-associated proteins remains a technical challenge. To tackle this challenge we have developed a novel reChIP-seq approach that enriches for two distinct DNA-associated proteins in an unbiased and genome-wide manner. We illustrate the utility of our approach by identifying nucleosomes bivalently modified by H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 in primary human CD4+ central memory T-cells (TCMs). We unravel widespread bivalency of many unmethylated CpG-rich regions in TCMs overlapping with transcriptional start sites of developmental regulators. Furthermore, reChIP-seq uncovers two yet unobserved classes of bivalency, where either H3K4me3 or H3K27me3 is mixed with low but detectable bivalency. We provide evidence that bivalency is established by an interplay between genome and epigenome and thus attains stability. Our described reChIP-seq approach augments conventional ChIP-seq and is broadly applicable in the study of co-localization of DNA-associated proteins to unravel the intricate possibilities of combinatorial action.

  Study EGAS00001001568

• Sequencing_component_for_the_whole_genome_methylation_analysis_in_PBMCs_and_cell_subsets__pilot_study_

  DNA methylation has been shown to play a major role in determining cellular phenotype by regulating gene expression. Moreover, dysregulation of differentially methylated genes has been implicated in disease pathogenesis of various conditions including cancer development as well as autoimmune diseases such as systemic Lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis. Evidence is rapidly accumulating for a role of DNA methylation in regulating immune responses in health and disease. However, the exact mechanisms remain unknown. The overall aim of the project is to investigate the role of epigenetic mechanisms in regulating immunity and their impact on autoimmune disease pathogenesis.The aim of this pilot study is to perform whole genome methylation analysis in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and cell subsets (CD4, CD8, CD14, CD19, CD16 and whole PBMCs) obtained from 6 healthy volunteers. Whole genome methylation analysis will be performed using two methodological approaches, the Infinium Methylation Bead Array K450 (Illumina) and MeDIP-seq. mRNA expression arrays will also be performed in order to correlate DNA methylation with gene expression as well as genotyping on the Illumina OmniExpress chip

  Study EGAS00001000490

• HCA_Female_Reporductive_Adult_WSSS_RNA

  Cell atlas of the human placenta The Human Cell Atlas initiative is an ambitious global research effort which aims to describe every cell in the human body across all developmental stages to generate a reference map to accelerate progress in science and medicine particularly relating to human development and disease. The initiative is led by investigators based at the Wellcome Sanger Institute and the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard and funding support from the Wellcome and NIH. This specific project will assess human development. We aim to interrogate the cellular composition and molecular regulators underpinning development and maturation through single cell RNA-sequencing/spatial transcriptomics and computational algorithms to predict cellular developmental trajectories and cell-cell interactions. We will subsequent validate these findings in situ using allied imaging technologies e.g. immunohistochemistry and RNAscope and in vitro culture of human intestinal organoids (HIOs). This data is part of a pre-publication release. For information on the proper use of pre-publication data shared by the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute (including details of any publication moratoria), please see http://www.sanger.ac.uk/datasharing/

  Study EGAS00001004210

• HCA_Placenta_Adult_Vento_RNA

  The Human Cell Atlas initiative is an ambitious global research effort which aims to describe every cell in the human body across all developmental stages to generate a reference map to accelerate progress in science and medicine particularly relating to human development and disease. The initiative is led by investigators based at the Wellcome Sanger Institute and the Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard and funding support from the Wellcome and NIH. This specific project will assess human development. We aim to interrogate the cellular composition and molecular regulators underpinning development and maturation through single cell RNA-sequencing/spatial transcriptomics and computational algorithms to predict cellular developmental trajectories and cell-cell interactions. We will subsequent validate these findings in situ using allied imaging technologies e.g. immunohistochemistry and RNAscope and in vitro culture of human intestinal organoids (HIOs). This data is part of a pre-publication release. For information on the proper use of pre-publication data shared by the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute (including details of any publication moratoria), please see http://www.sanger.ac.uk/datasharing/

  Study EGAS00001004069

• plasma DNA LINE-1 targeted bisulfite sequencing: a new non-invasive multi-cancer detection marker

  The detection of circulating tumor DNA, which allows non-invasive tumor molecular profiling and disease follow-up, promises optimal and individualized management of patients with cancer. However, detecting small fractions of tumor DNA released when the tumor burden is reduced remains a challenge. We developed a PCR-based targeted bisulfite method coupled to deep sequencing to detect methylation patterns of L1PA elements,which we named DIAMOND (for Detection of Long Interspersed Nuclear Element Altered Methylation ON plasma DNA). We used sodium bisulfite chemical conversion to achieve base-pair resolution analysis and designed a multiplexed PCR based on 8 amplicons covering L1PAs .

  Study EGAS50000000446

• Basal-to-Inflammatory Transition Contributes to Basal Cell Carcinoma Therapy Resistance via Crosstalk with a Pro-Inflammatory Stromal Niche

  Overcoming tumor evolution and inducible resistance states remain the main challenge to creating successful anti-tumor therapies. The body's cancer-associated inflammatory response is a double-edged sword having ill-defined pro- and anti-tumor properties. Our group previously identified a basal cell carcinoma (BCC) tumor-intrinsic resistance pathway called basal to squamous cell carcinoma transition (BST). However, tumor resistance driven through the complex dynamics of tumor interactions with the inflammatory response remains poorly studied. Here, employing a multipronged approach combining human tumor single-cell transcriptomics, single-cell chromatin accessibility (scATAC-Seq) study, CODEX multiplexed imaging, spatial transcriptomic along with functional validation, we have identified a surprising inflammation-associated SMOi therapy enriched tumor epithelial cell state we term basal-to-inflammatory transition (BIT). Marked by CHI3L1, TAGLN, ITGAV, and VCAM1, BIT arises in spatially distinct neighborhoods from BST in a subset of naive BCCs. While BST tumor epithelium occurs within the central cores of tumor nodules, BIT tumor epithelium arises in a specialized inflammatory environment defined by a tumor associated TREM1 myeloid signature. IL1 and OSM secreted by TREM1 myeloid cells activate the inflammatory NF-kB family of transcription factors within the BIT tumor epithelium. Strikingly, IL1 and OSM ligands are sufficient not only in inducing the BIT tumor state in vitro and in vivo in a synergistic fashion but also in lowering the sensitivity of human BCC explant tumors to SMOi treatment. This work provides critical insights into the BIT-resistant state as a novel targetable tumor state driven by a specialized inflammatory microenvironment.

  Study phs003437

• Female Infertility: Primary Ovarian Insufficiency

  Premature ovarian failure, or primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a phenotype of diminished or absent ovarian function occurring in 1-2% of reproductive aged women. Most cases occur spontaneously. Evaluation of the gametes in women with POI is difficult and invasive. Practitioners must often rely on indirect biomarkers of ovarian function and oocyte health, making it difficult to identify patients who may benefit from therapies allowing them to achieve pregnancy utilizing their own oocytes. This study will generate exome sequences from POI patients in an effort to elucidate the causes of unexplained POI and to better understand the normal processes of ovarian aging. A better understanding of the genetics of ovarian function may lead to new non-invasive tools for managing women&#39;s reproductive health, and direct better use of existing biomarkers in diagnosis, screening and predicting clinical outcomes.

  Study phs001174

• High volume culture initiating in vitro evolution in neuroblastoma cell lines

  Despite the advent of advanced molecular prognostic tools, it is still difficult to predict the course of disease for cancer patients at the individual level. This lack of predictability is also reflected in many experimental cancer model systems, begging the question of whether certain biological aspects of cancer (eg. growth, evolution etc.) can ever be anticipated or if there remains an inherent unpredictability to cancer, similar to other complex biological systems. We demonstrate by a combination of agent-based mathematical modelling, analysis of patient-derived xenograft systems from multiple cancer types, and in-vitro culture that certain conditions may invoke chaotic fluctuations in the clonal landscape of cancer growth. Our findings indicate that under those conditions, the cancer genome may behave as a complex dynamic system, making its long-term evolution inherently unpredictable.

  Study EGAS00001007962

• Transcriptome of human trophoblast stem cells derived from normal and HDP placentas

  Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) is a disease driven by abnormal placenta formation, which is a leading cause of maternal and fetal death. For investigation of genetic and epigenetic regulation of human trophoblast differentiation, we have previously established human trophoblast stem cells (hTSCs) from first-trimester placentas. Those hTSCs were able to differentiate into extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs) and syncytiotrophoblasts (STs), and their transcriptome was similar to that of cytotrophoblasts in human placenta. However, since HDP happens in the second half of pregnancy, the conventional hTSC derivation method was not enough to investigate the nature of HDP trophoblasts. In this analysis, we improved the derivation method and successfully established the hTSCs from normal and HDP term placentas after delivery. We performed RNA-seq of normal and HDP hTSCs, and HDP hTSCs recapitulated abnormalities in gene expression reported in HDP placentas.

  Study JGAS000660

• Combination_therapies_for_personalized_cancer_medicine

  It is the ambition of the team formed by members of the Netherlands Cancer Institute (NKI) and the Cancer Genome Project at the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute (WTSI) to unravel the genomic and phenotypic complexity of human cancers in order to identify optimal drug combinations for personalized cancer therapy. Our integrated approach will entail (i) deep sequencing of human tumours and cognate mouse tumours; (ii) drug screens in a 1000+ fully characterized tumour cell line panel; (iii) high-throughput in vitro and in vivo shRNA and cDNA drug resistance and enhancement screens; (iv) computational analysis of the acquired data, leading to significant response predictions; (v) rigorous validation of these predictions in genetically engineered mouse models and patient-derived xenografts. This integrated effort is expected to yield a number of combination therapies and companion-diagnostics biomarkers that will be further explored in our existing clinical trial networks.

  Study EGAS00001000655

• Targeted panel DNA sequencing of melanomas, nevi and melanocytic tumors

  This dataset was derived from 360 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples distributed across (i) 118 primary melanomas, (ii) 132 nevi and (iii) 110 melanocytic tumors. Next generation sequencing (NGS) libraries were prepared following the FFPE DNA Archer VariantPlex Somatic Protocol for Illumina. Input DNA was determined by the PreSeq DNA QC assay, with 100 ng of DNA used for samples with high quality scores, 200 ng for low quality scores and 300 ng for samples with bad quality scores as defined by the PreSeq DNA QC assay. NGS libraries were quantified using the KAPA Library Quantification Kit for Illumina (KK4824) and sequencing performed on the Nextseq 500/2000 without custom primers using paired-end sequencing (151bp for Read 1 and Read 2) with index reads (8bp for Index Read 1 and Index Read 2). For each sample, resulting paired-end fastq files are available as part of this dataset. Prefix for each sample name is associated with the the type of sample: NAE: nevi samples. MEL: Melanoma samples. BL: melanocytic tumor.

  Dataset EGAD50000001297

• Targeted sequencing (paired) of HR genes in primary and metastatic patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) of colorectal cancer (CRC)

  The dataset includes DNA targeted paired-wise (2 FASTQ per sample) sequencing of a manually curated panel of 44 genes with a documented role in homologous recombination (HR), a pathway of DNA damage response. Sequencing was conducted in 69 tumors from patients with metastatic colorectal cancer after serial passaging in mice (patient-derived xenografts, PDXs). For each PDX model profiled for HR gene mutations, therapeutic annotation of response to FOLFIRI (a chemotherapeutic regimen consisting of the combination of 5-fluorouracil and irinotecan) is available.

  Dataset EGAD50000000107

• Induction of HIV-1 Env-Specific Peripheral Blood Plasmablasts and Clonal Persistence as Bone Marrow Plasma Cells Following Vaccination in Humans

  Induction of persistent HIV-1 Envelope (Env) specific antibody (Ab) is a primary goal of HIV vaccine strategies, however, it is unclear if HIV Env immunization in humans induces bone marrow plasma cells, the presumed source of long-lived systemic Ab. To define the features of Env-specific plasma cells after vaccination, samples were obtained from HVTN 105, a phase I trial testing the same gp120 protein immunogen, AIDSVAX B/E, as used in RV144, along with a DNA immunogen in various prime/boost strategies. Boosting regimens that included AIDSVAX B/E induced robust peripheral blood plasmablast responses. The Env-specific immunoglobulin repertoire of the plasmablasts was dominated by VH1 gene usage and targeting of the V3 region. Numerous plasmablast-derived immunoglobulin lineages persisted in the bone marrow greater than eight months after immunization, including in the CD138+ long-lived plasma cell compartment. These findings identify a cellular linkage for the development of sustained Env-specific Ab following vaccination in humans.

  Study phs002027

• Upper cortical layer-driven network impairment in schizophrenia

  Schizophrenia is one of the most wide-spread and complex mental disorders. To characterize the impact of schizophrenia, we performed single nucleus RNA sequencing (snRNA-seq) of &gt;220,000 neurons from the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of patients with schizophrenia and matched controls. Additionally, &gt;115,000 neurons were analyzed topographically by immunohistochemistry. Compositional analysis of snRNA-seq data revealed a reduction in abundance of GABAergic neurons and a concomitant increase in principal neurons, most pronounced for upper cortical layer subtypes, which was substantiated by histological analysis. Many neuronal subtypes showed extensive transcriptomic changes, the most dramatic - in upper layer GABAergic neurons, including downregulation in energy metabolism and upregulation in neurotransmission. Transcription factor network analysis demonstrated a developmental origin of transcriptomic changes. Finally, Visium spatial transcriptomics further corroborated upper layer neuron vulnerability in schizophrenia. Overall, our results point towards general network impairment within upper cortical layers as a core substrate associated with schizophrenia symptomatology. Study is available on bioRxiv (https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.11.17.386458) and in upcoming publication.

  Study EGAS00001006495

• HiDEF-seq Single-Molecule Sequencing of Single-Strand Mismatches and Damage

  Our study sought to resolve, with single-molecule resolution, the mismatches and damage events that precede DNA mutations. Using a novel single-molecule, long-read sequencing method (HiDEF-seq) we detected base substitutions when present in either one or both DNA strands. We compared the fidelity for dsDNA mutations to that of the same samples profiled by NanoSeq duplex sequencing. We also detected cytosine deamination, a common type of DNA damage, with single-molecule resolution. We profiled 134 samples from diverse tissues, including from individuals with cancer predisposition syndromes. These samples revealed single-strand mismatch and damage signatures. Since double-strand DNA mutations are only the endpoint of the mutation process, our approach enables new studies of how mutations arise in a variety of contexts, especially in cancer and aging.The data available via dbGaP includes raw HiDEF-seq sequencing files (Pacific Biosciences subreads in BAM format), raw NanoSeq sequencing files (Illumina FASTQ format), and raw germline sequencing files (Illumina FASTQ format).The HiDEF-seq main publication contains a supplementary table with a list of accession IDs for each sample's files.

  Study phs003604

• A Comprehensive Catalogue of Somatic Mutations from a Human Cancer Genome

  We have carried out complete sequencing of the genome of the human male maligant melanoma cell line COLO-829 using the Illumina Genome Analyzer II. We generated a sequencing library with a median insert size of ~200 bp following random fragmentation and gel fractionation of the genomic DNA. We sequenced 75 bases from both ends of these templates to cover the COLO-829 genome to an average depth of more than 40x. We have carried out purity-filtering (PF) to remove mixed reads, where two or more different template molecules are close enough on the surface of the flow-cell to form a mixed or overlapping cluster. No other filtering of the data has been carried out prior to submission. We have also submitted sequence data for a lymphoblastoid control cell line COLO-829BL from the same individual.

  Study EGAS00000000052

• Novel mutations in TOP2A in gliomas

  High grade gliomas (HGGs) are aggressive, primary brain tumors with poor clinical outcomes. To better understand glioma pathobiology and find potential therapeutic susceptibilities, we designed a custom- panel 664 cancer- and epigenetics-related genes and employed targeted next generation sequencing to study the genomic landscape of somatic and germline variants in 182 glioma samples of different malignancy grades. Besides known alterations in TP53, IDH1, ATRX, EGFR genes, we found several novel variants that can be potential drivers in gliomas. In four patients from the Polish glioma cohort, we identified a novel recurrent mutation in the TOP2A gene coding for Topoisomerase 2A in glioblastomas (GBM, WHO grade IV gliomas). The mutation results in a substitution of glutamic acid (E) 948 to glutamine (Q) of TOP2 A and we predicted this E948Q substitution may affect DNA binding and a TOP2A enzymatic activity.

  Study EGAS00001004556