12450 results for ""non-traditional+communal+storytelling+approach"+novel+segment+noted+in+critical+commentary"

in 32.85 milliseconds.

• Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome type 1 causes impaired anti-microbial immunity through a pathogenic lipid metabolism-mTOR circuit - 10x Genomics scRNAseq

  Mendelian diseases that present with immune-mediated disorders can provide insights into the molecular mechanisms that drive inflammation. Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome (HPS) types 1 and 4 are caused by defective vesicle trafficking involving the BLOC-3 complex. The presence of inflammatory complications such as Crohn’s disease-like inflammation and lung fibrosis in these patients remains enigmatic. Using mass cytometry we observe an augmented inflammatory monocyte compartment in HPS1 patient peripheral blood that may be associated with a TNF - and IL-1α-dominated cytokine dysregulation. HPS1 patient monocyte-derived macrophages express an inflammatory TNF-OSM mRNA gene signature and changes in lipid metabolism. Using stimulation experiments and lysosomal proteomics we show that defective lipid metabolism drives RAB32-dependent mTOR signaling, facilitated by the accumulation of mTOR on lysosomes. This pathogenic circuit translates into aberrant bacterial clearance, which can be rescued with mTORC1 inhibition. We reveal that a pathogenic lipid-mTOR signaling circuit acts as a metabolic checkpoint for defective anti-microbial activity. This mechanism may be relevant to the complex pathology of HPS1 patients featuring macrophage lipid accumulation, granuloma formation, defective anti-microbial activity and tissue inflammation. Lastly, this circuit may be present in a wider group of disorders with defective lipid metabolism and cholesterol accumulation.

  Study EGAS00001005098

• Significant and pervasive effects of RNA degradation on Nanopore direct RNA sequencing

  Abstract Oxford Nanopore direct RNA sequencing (DRS) is capable of sequencing complete RNA molecules and accurately measuring gene and isoform expression. However, as DRS is designed to profile intact RNA, expression quantification may be more heavily dependent upon RNA integrity than alternate RNA-seq methodologies. It is currently unclear how RNA degradation impacts DRS or if it can be corrected for. To assess the impact of RNA integrity on DRS we performed a degradation time-series using SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. Our results demonstrate that degradation is a significant and pervasive factor that can bias DRS measurements, including a reduction in library complexity resulting in an overrepresentation of short genes and isoforms. Degradation also biases differential expression analyses; however, we find explicit correction can almost fully recover meaningful biological signal. In addition, DRS provided less biased profiling of partially degraded samples than nanopore cDNA-PCR sequencing. Overall, we find samples with RIN > 9.5 can be treated as undegraded and samples with RIN > 7 can be utilised for DRS with appropriate correction. These results establish the suitability of DRS for a wide range of samples, including partially degraded in-vivo clinical and post-mortem samples, whilst limiting the confounding effect of degradation on expression quantification.

  Study EGAS00001006542

• Development and Use of Network Infrastructure for High-Throughput GWA Studies

  The "Development and Use of Network Infrastructure for High-Throughput GWA Studies" project is collaboration between Group Health Cooperative (GH), the University of Washington (UW), and the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center (FHCRC). It is one of 5 sites participating in The Electronic Medical Records and Genomics (eMERGE) Network funded by the National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI) with additional funding from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIGMS). The overall eMERGE project is designed to assess whether linking biorepositories of patients in healthcare delivery systems with electronic medical records (EMRs) is an efficient strategy for high-throughput genome wide association (GWA) studies and whether information can be pooled across sites. The primary phenotype in the Group Health/UW Aging and Dementia eMERGE study project is dementia. Phenotyped participants originated from four population-based sources. Seattle-area members of GH (a large integrated health care system in Washington State) consented and enrolled in 1) the University of Washington Alzheimer's Disease Patient Registry (ADPR) and 2) the Adult Changes in Thought (ACT) study, 3) Marshfield Clinic Personalized Medicine Research Project (PMRP), a population-based DNA, plasma and serum biobank of 20,000 adults, 4) Vanderbilt's BioVU, a de-identified DNA biobank. The ADPR (PI: Eric B. Larson; NIH/NIA U01 AG 006781) is a population-based registry of incident dementia cases designed to identify all new dementia cases within GH from 1987 to 1996. Potential dementia cases were identified through referrals from primary care physicians, mental health services, and neurologists, as well as review of CT scans, neurology, emergency room, geriatrician, and mental health clinic logs, and hospital discharge diagnoses. Medical history, physical, laboratory testing, and neuropsychological testing were performed on all consenting potential cases. These data were reviewed by a consensus conference including a neuropsychologist, study physicians, and an epidemiologist. After discussion of the case, dementia status is assigned using DSM-III-R criteria. Alzheimer's disease status was assigned using the National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders and Stroke-Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association (NINCDS-ADRDA) criteria. The study base of the ADPR population was stable with an attrition rate of less than 1%/year. The ACT study (PI: Eric B. Larson; NIH/NIA U01 AG 006781) is an ongoing community-based cohort study designed to determine the incidence of Alzheimer's Disease (AD), other types of dementia, and cognitive impairment and to determine risk factors for these conditions. The original cohort of 2,581 was enrolled in 1994-1996. An expansion cohort of 811 was enrolled in 2000-2002. Continuous enrollment to keep 2,000 persons enrolled and at-risk for dementia outcomes was begun in 2005. To date the study has accrued more than 4,000 participants. Dementia-free participants are enrolled in this cohort and evaluated every two years by study personnel with many evaluations including an assessment of cognitive functioning using the Cognitive Abilities Screening Instrument (CASI), which is an extended version of the Mini-Mental State Examination that has been widely used in epidemiological studies of the elderly. Persons with CASI scores lower than 86 or in whom interviewers suspect unusual cognitive decline are followed up with dementia diagnostic evaluations which include physical and neurological examinations and neuropsychological tests. Medical records are reviewed, and laboratory tests and neuroimaging are obtained if not available. The dementia diagnoses and dementia subtypes are determined during a consensus conference attended by the examining clinicians and other study physicians, a neuropsychologist, and research nurse. After discussion of the case, dementia status is assigned using DSM-IV criteria. Alzheimer's disease status was assigned using NINCDS-ADRDA criteria. Individuals diagnosed with dementia are seen again one year following diagnosis using the same procedures. Individuals not diagnosed with dementia are returned to the pool of at-risk individuals and are seen at their next routinely scheduled biennial visit. The ACT sub-sample is stable; for the original cohort, median enrollment in GH was 19 years prior to joining the ACT study, and 85% of the cohort has ≥ 10 years of GH enrollment. DNA for the ADPR participants were obtained through a companion study, Genetic Differences in Cases and Controls (PI: Walter Kukull; NIH/NIA R01 AG007584). DNA obtained through both studies were extracted from blood using Gentra Systems Puregene methods. DNA concentration is determined by UV optical density. All samples are checked for quality by OD 260/280 ratio. For long-term storage, samples are aliquoted and stored at -70°C. The Marshfield study, Personalized Medicine Research Project (PMRP), a population-based DNA, plasma and serum biobank of 20,000 adults. PMRP was started in 2002 as a 3 Phase project. Completed in April 2004, the objectives of Phase I were to build and develop a large population-based biobank with DNA, plasma and serum samples to facilitate genomics research. Phase 1 was also to educate, inform and consult with the Marshfield Epidemiologic Study Area population and communities concerning potential studies, create the DNA foundation of the personalized medicine database and build the bioinformatics tools to store securely and analyze genotypic and phenotypic data. Phase I tasks included operation of the ethics and security advisory board, scientific advisory board and community advisory group. More than 18,000 residents aged 18 and above from 19 different zip codes surrounding Marshfield, WI were invited to participate in Phase I. After providing written informed consent, participants completed brief questionnaires that included questions about demographics, some environmental exposures, family history of disease, and adverse drug reactions, as well as family members living in the area. Participants provided 50ml of blood from which DNA was extracted and plasma and serum samples were stored. The informed consent process allowed access to electronic medical records and included language about non-disclosure of personal research results. A tick-off box was included so that participants could either allow or decline subsequent recontact for future research studied. The objectives of Phase II are to create the phenotypic database, establish the scientific and administrative infrastructure to support genetic mapping of the DNA and the initial discovery projects and genotype a sufficient portion of the genetic material to support these discovery projects. The objectives of Phase III are to expand the discovery projects, complete the genotyping of the genetic database and expand physician/health care provider education and community consultation. The Vanderbilt BioVU model uses discarded blood leftover from clinical care and de-identified clinical information, both of which are tracked with a Research Unique Identifier that is permanently disconnected from the medical record number used to generate it. The Vanderbilt IRB determined that the project does not qualify as "human subject" research under §46.102(f)(1)(2). The program has been reviewed by OHRP twice (the latest immediately prior to launch), and the determination of the Vanderbilt IRB that the project is consistent with the 8/10/2004 guidance has been validated. The model includes a simple opt out mechanism developed for patients who do not wish to have their samples included. Planning (including community involvement, ethics and IRB discussions, focus groups, development of operating procedures and pilot studies to assess them) began in May 2004, and the resource commenced sample collection in February 2007 and as of May 2009 contains approximately 56,000 samples. The current resource will be available to all Vanderbilt investigators who sign a Data Use Agreement. The resource represents Vanderbilt's broad patient population and thus provides a potential resource for research in a range of common and rare diseases as well as drug response or medication safety. BioVU patient protection model: There has been extensive involvement by the ethics community and the IRB to put in place procedures to provide privacy protection. The overall protection plan is multifaceted and includes a combination of technology and policy: (1) creation of the SD described above; (2) return of only the specific clinical data items requested by investigators (rather than the complete de-identified chart); (3) submission of any specific proposed project to the IRB and to a separate protocol review committee, both of which must approve; (4) implementing a Data Use Agreement that permits only approved queries and data analyses, specifically prohibits attempts at re-identification (at the risk of institutional sanctions), and mandates redeposit of all genetic information generated in a research study back into a genomic database; and (5) tracking and auditing all use.

  Study phs000234

• A_study_of_the_genetic_basis_of_evation_by_Acute_Myeloid_Leukaemia_of_Graft_vs_Leukaemia_effects_after_allogeneic_bone_marrow_transplantation

  Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is an aggressive and molecularly diverse disease with a poor overall survival of 20-25%. With an annual incidence of 2.9 per 100,000, AML is currently the commonest myeloid malignancy in Europe, yet the two main therapeutic options for this disease, anthracyclines and purine analogues, have remained unchanged for over 20 years. Currently patients are stratified at diagnosis according to a series of clinicopathological parameters (e.g. age, white cell count and presence/absence of previous clonal haematological disease) and molecular markers (e.g. chromosomal translocations/deletions, aneuploidy and mutations in genes such as FLT3 and NPM1). Patients with adverse prognostic features, whose prognosis is particularly poor (e.g. <15% long-term survival) are offered treatment with allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (allo-BMT) if a sibling or unrelated donor is available. This can significantly improve survival (e.g. up to 40% long-term survival in some contexts), albeit at the expense of significant toxicity and transplant-related mortality (TRM). Allo-BMT is thought to work in part by allowing the delivery of large doses of chemotherapy followed by haemopoietic "rescue" with donor haemopoietic stem cells (haemopoietic failure would otherwise ensue). However, potentially the most potent effect of allo-BMT is the cytotoxic effect of donor lymphocytes against AML blasts, a phenomenon known as graft-vs-leukaemia (GVL) effect. Increasingly, transplants using reduced chemotherapy intensity (mini-allografts) are being used that partially circumvent the toxicity from chemotherapy and rely on GVL to effect cure. Nevertheless, AML relapse after allo-BMT still occurs at a significant rate of up to 80% depending on the type of transplant. There is accumulating evidence that genetic events in residual leukaemic cells enable them to evade immunodetection and therefore survive the GVL effect and expand to cause relapse. The most striking example of this is the loss of HLA antigens after transplants in which donor and recipient are not fully HLA-matched. In these cases, the leukaemia "deletes" the genomic region containing the disparate HLA antigen which was preferentially targeted as "foreign" by the GVL effect. However, the genetic basis of immune evasion in the majority of transplants, which are fully HLA matched, is not known. One possibility is that loss of genes coding for antigens outside the HLA locus but which are also targets of GVL may operate, alternatively genetic events that affect processes downstream of immunological cytotoxicity may be responsible.The identification of genetic events that mediate immune evasion would not only facilitate the understanding of this process but can help plan therapeutic interventions that improve the outcomes of allogeneic transplantation for AML and other disorders. We intend to study this by conducting exome sequencing on 6 cases of AMLs from patients that attend my clinic at Addenbrooke's hospital and have relapsed after allogeneic transplantation. Samples from AML diagnosis, remission/normal and AML relapse (total n=18) will be studied to identify somatic mutations in the primary AML and those acquired by the relapsed clone. The 18 samples will also be studied by array CGH to detect regions of genomic amplification or deletion.

  Study EGAS00001000145

• Born in Bradford (BiB)

  Dac EGAC00001003494

• Heart Failure Network - Nitrate's Effect on Activity Tolerance in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction (HFN NEAT-BioLINCC)

  Data Access NOTE: Please refer to the "Authorized Access" section below for information about how access to the data from this accession differs from many other dbGaP accessions. Related StudiesEcho images are available with HFN-NEAT Imaging.ObjectivesTo determine the effect of isosorbide mononitrate on daily activity in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction.Background Nitrates are commonly prescribed for symptom relief in patients with heart failure. Early studies in patients with heart failure with a reduced ejection fraction concluded that long-acting nitrates improve activity tolerance; however, approximately half of heart failure patients have preserved ejection fraction. The effects of nitrates in patients with heart failure and a preserved ejection fraction have not been extensively studied and the overall effect of nitrates on activity tolerance in such patients is uncertain. ParticipantsThere were a total of 110 participants enrolled with 51 participants assigned to receive isosorbide mono-nitrate first and placebo second, and 59 participants assigned to receive placebo first and isosorbide mononitrate second. Design Enrolled participants underwent baseline assessments, including echocardiography, quality-of-life scores, 6-minute walk test distance, and NT-proBNP levels. participants were also supplied with two kinetic activity monitors containing high-sensitivity triaxis accelerometers, to be worn 24 hours per day. The accelerometer measurements were expressed as arbitrary accelerometer units and stored every 15 minutes equaling 96 data points per day. The 15-minute cumulative accelerometer units were totaled over a 24-hour period to provide daily accelerometer units. Participants were assigned to one of two treatment groups: 6 weeks of placebo first with crossover to 6 weeks of isosorbide mononitrate, or 6 weeks of isosorbide mononitrate first with crossover to 6 weeks of placebo. The study drugs were prepared as 30-mg tablets of isosorbide mononitrate and matching placebo. During each 6-week period, participants were instructed to take no study drug for the first 2 weeks followed by one tablet (30 mg daily) for 1 week, two tablets (60 mg once daily) for 1 week, and four tablets (120 mg once daily) until the next study visit, for a treatment duration of at least 2 weeks and up to 4 weeks. After each 6-week period, participants returned to the study center to repeat end-point assessments. The primary outcome for the study was the comparison of average daily accelerometer units during the period in which participants were receiving the 120-mg dose of isosorbide mononitrate compared to the period in which participants received the placebo. Other secondary end points included the 6-minute walk distance and the post-walk Borg dyspnea score, scores on the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire and the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire, and NT-proBNP levels. In addition, participants completed a questionnaire indicating in which period (first, second, no preference) they felt better. Conclusions Participants were active for fewer hours of the day during the 120-mg phase of receipt of isosorbide mononitrate as compared with placebo. Furthermore, during all study-drug regimens combined (30 mg to 120 mg), participants were less active during receipt of isosorbide mononitrate as compared with placebo. There was no significant effect of isosorbide mononitrate on secondary outcomes.

  Study phs003548

• Heart Failure Network - Imaging from Nitrate's Effect on Activity Tolerance in Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction (HFN NEAT-Imaging)

  Data Access NOTE: Please refer to the “Authorized Access” section below for information about how access to the data from this accession differs from many other dbGaP accessions.Objectives: To determine the effect of isosorbide mononitrate on daily activity in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction.Background: Nitrates are commonly prescribed for symptom relief in patients with heart failure. Early studies in patients with heart failure with a reduced ejection fraction concluded that long-acting nitrates improves activity tolerance; however, approximately half of heart failure patients have preserved ejection fraction. The effects of nitrates in patients with heart failure and a preserved ejection fraction have not been extensively studied and the overall effect of nitrates on activity tolerance in such patients is uncertain.Subjects: There were a total of 110 patients enrolled with 51 patients assigned to receive isosorbide mono-nitrate first and placebo second, and 59 patients assigned to receive placebo first and isosorbide mononitrate second.Design: Enrolled subjects underwent baseline assessments, including echocardiography, quality-of-life scores, 6-minute walk test distance, and NT-proBNP levels. Subjects were also supplied with two kinetic activity monitors containing high-sensitivity triaxis accelerometers, to be worn 24 hours per day. The accelerometer measurements were expressed as arbitrary accelerometer units and stored every 15 minutes equaling 96 data points per day. The 15-minute cumulative accelerometer units were totaled over a 24-hour period to provide daily accelerometer units.Subjects were assigned to one of two treatment groups: 6 weeks of placebo first with crossover to 6 weeks of isosorbide mononitrate, or 6 weeks of isosorbide mononitrate first with crossover to 6 weeks of placebo. The study drugs were prepared as 30-mg tablets of isosorbide mononitrate and matching placebo. During each 6-week period, patients were instructed to take no study drug for the first 2 weeks followed by one tablet (30 mg daily) for 1 week, two tablets (60 mg once daily) for 1 week, and four tablets (120 mg once daily) until the next study visit, for a treatment duration of at least 2 weeks and up to 4 weeks. After each 6-week period, patients returned to the study center to repeat end-point assessments. The primary outcome for the study was the comparison of average daily accelerometer units during the period in which patients were receiving the 120-mg dose of isosorbide mononitrate compared to the period in which patients received the placebo. Other secondary end points included the 6-minute walk distance and the post-walk Borg dyspnea score, scores on the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire and the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire, and NT-proBNP levels. In addition, subjects completed a questionnaire indicating in which period (first, second, no preference) they felt better. Conclusions: Patients were active for fewer hours of the day during the 120-mg phase of receipt of isosorbide mononitrate as compared with placebo. Furthermore, during all study-drug regimens combined (30 mg to 120 mg), patients were less active during receipt of isosorbide mononitrate as compared with placebo. There was no significant effect of isosorbide mononitrate on secondary outcomes.

  Study phs004254

• Nanopore sequencing enables allelic phasing of FLG loss-of-function variants, intragenic copy number variation and methylation status in atopic dermatitis and ichthyosis vulgaris

  Loss-of-function (LoF) variants in the FLG gene are associated with ichthyosis vulgaris (IV) and atopic dermatitis (AD). IV and AD patients with two FLG LoF variants are reported to have a more severe disease course. However, subsets of compound heterozygous patients display phenotypic heterogeneity despite a prediction of a severe phenotype from their genotype. The underlying genetic mechanism of this phenotypic variability is unknown. One possibility is that two LoF FLG variants could be located in cis (on the same allele), thus altering the predicted gene dosage. To investigate the allelic contribution of compound heterozygous FLG LoF mutations to IV phenotypic variability, we employ long reads from Oxford Nanopore Technologies, utilising two methodologies to phase the entire coding region of FLG into parental alleles: an amplicon-sequencing approach and an adaptive-sampling strategy. We investigated the allelic phasing of FLG LoF variants and intragenic-repeat copy-number variations (CNV) of 21 subjects with known compound heterozygous genotypes and mixed IV severity. Our results suggest that IV severity is not linked to the presence of cis variants in our IV patient cohort. Nanopore reads enabled detection and accurate phasing of CNVs and LoF variants into parental alleles, providing a framework for future in-depth genetic analysis. These results highlight the usefulness of utilising long reads for interrogating the FLG gene and other highly repetitive genes for genetic stratification related to clinical phenotypes.

  Study EGAS50000000166

• Cell-Free, Methylated DNA in Blood Samples Reveals Tissue-Specific, Cellular Damage from Radiation Treatment

  Radiation therapy is an effective cancer treatment, although damage to surrounding healthy tissues can also occur. Cell-type specific DNA methylation patterns can be used to decode the cellular origins of cell-free DNA fragments, allowing for minimally-invasive monitoring of tissue damage. To evaluate whether changes in cell-free DNA methylation can indicate damages to tissues in patients treated with radiation, we collected serum samples from 15 breast cancer patients at three timepoints during their standard-of-care radiation therapy after surgery. A baseline sample was taken for each patient before onset of radiation therapy and a second End-Of-Treatment (EOT) sample was taken 30 minutes after the last treatment fraction. Finally, a recovery sample was taken one month after completion of radiation therapy. From serum samples, cell-free DNA was isolated and bisulfite capture-sequencing DNA methylation data were generated. Bisulfite capture-sequencing DNA methylation data were also generated from buffy coat and tissue-specific endothelial gDNA samples as well as from serum/plasma samples of healthy controls. The analysis of serum samples from breast cancer patients undergoing radiation treatment revealed distinct tissue-specific epithelial and endothelial responses to radiation across multiple organs. In conclusion, as a proof of concept we show that cell-type specific methylation signatures can be applied to detect cellular injury from radiation treatment using minimally invasive cell-free DNA in blood samples.

  Study phs003290

• Gabriella Miller Kids First Pediatric Research Program in Craniofacial Microsomia

  The Gabriella Miller Kids First Pediatric Research Program (Kids First) is a trans-NIH effort initiated in response to the 2014 Gabriella Miller Kids First Research Act and supported by the NIH Common Fund. This program focuses on gene discovery in pediatric cancers and structural birth defects and the development of the Gabriella Miller Kids First Pediatric Data Resource (Kids First Data Resource). All of the WGS and phenotypic data from this study are accessible through dbGaP and kidsfirstdrc.org, where other Kids First datasets can also be accessed. Craniofacial microsomia (CFM), also termed hemifacial microsomia or oculo-auricular-vertebral spectrum, is the third most common congenital craniofacial condition. CFM comprises a variable phenotype and the most common features include malformations of the ear (i.e. microtia) and lower jaw (i.e. mandibular hypoplasia) on one or both sides. Microtia in the absence of other anomalies is believed to represent the mildest form of CFM. The cause of CFM is unknown for most affected individuals. We have established a cohort through previous studies and collected DNA to identify the genetic contributions to CFM, which could facilitate diagnosis, tailored treatments and guide prevention strategies. Successful completion of this proposal will advance knowledge in the genetic architecture of susceptibility to CFM and will provide insight about the biological mechanisms underlying craniofacial development. The results from this study have the potential to further research on the etiology of other craniofacial conditions, and the pathogenesis of typical and atypical craniofacial development.

  Study phs002130

• QUANTitative Chest Computed Tomography UnMasking Emphysema Progression in Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency

  AAT deficiency is a genetic disorder associated with emphysema. Spirometry, the lung function test that measures how well the lungs exhale air, is used to diagnose and track the progression of emphysema. Some studies have suggested that forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) measurements, a type of spirometry test, may lack accuracy in detecting disease progression in cases of severe AAT deficiency. Another method, high resolution chest CT scans, may be more accurate at measuring the progression of emphysema. The purpose of this study is to determine if high resolution CT scans are better at detecting the progression of emphysema than lung function tests. Results from this study may lead to the development of a more accurate way to assess lung tissue loss and may improve the understanding of lung destruction in AAT deficiency. This study will last 4 years and will enroll people with AAT deficiency who have nearly normal lung function test results. Study visits, each lasting about 4 hours, will occur at baseline and months 6, 12, 18, 24, and 36. At each visit, participants will undergo lung function tests, a CT scan, blood collection, and a physical exam. Female participants will have urine collected for a pregnancy test. All participants will also complete questionnaires to assess health status and lung function. Study researchers will call participants every 2 months to collect information on lung disease symptoms and medication changes.

  Study phs000698

• Uncovering Inversion Formation in the Human Genome and its Impact to Disease

  The relevance of inversions for disease causation, speciation and adaptation is broadly recognized, although the prevalence of inversions is unknown. In humans, de novo inversions are associated with congenital anomalies in approximately 9.6% of patients. Yet, despite the biological relevance of inversions, their molecular features, formation mechanism, impact to the genomic structure of carriers, as well as their contribution to clinical phenotypes, have not been further explored. Inversions are typically classified as balanced reciprocal events generated by ectopic recombination, although recent studies reveal a distinct picture whereby inversions originate from mechanisms that concomitantly generate copy number variants (CNVs). Surprisingly, those complex inversions underlie as much as 30% of neurodevelopmental-associated CNVs. The hypothesis of this project are: inversions are often generated de novo by mechanisms other than ectopic recombination a relevant fraction of inversions are associated with complex genomic rearrangements (CGRs), often overlooked in sporadic diseases, and inversions are a "hidden" type of structural variation for which contribution to a clinical phenotypes has been under assessed due to the lack of appropriate detection tools. A combined strategy using multiple genomic tools will be applied to characterize inversions and associated genomic alterations in individuals with neurodevelopmental disorders and controls: whole genome sequencing (WGS) with short-and long-reads; genome mapping; classical cytogenetics; and array CGH. This project will establish common ground to bridge studies of rare and common diseases, human evolution, and population genetics.

  Study phs002999

• Cancer-associated fibroblasts promote drug resistance in ALK-driven lung adenocarcinoma cells by upregulating lipid biosynthesis

  Targeted therapy interventions using tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) provide encouraging treatment responses in ALK-rearranged lung adenocarcinomas, yet resistances occur almost inevitably. Apart from tumor cell-intrinsic resistance mechanisms, accumulating evidence supports a role of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in affecting the therapeutic vulnerability of lung cancer cells. Here, we aimed to investigate underlying molecular networks shaping the therapeutic susceptibility of ALK-driven lung adenocarcinoma cells via tumor microenvironmental cues using three-dimensional (3D) spheroid co-culture settings. We show that CAFs promote therapy resistance of lung tumor cells against ALK inhibition by reducing apoptotic cell death and increasing cell proliferation. Using single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis, we show that genes involved in lipogenesis constitute the major transcriptional difference between TKI-treated homo- and heterotypic lung tumor spheroids. CAF-conditioned medium and CAF-secreted factors HGF and NRG1 were both able to promote resistance of 3D-cultured ALK-rearranged lung tumor cells via AKT signaling, which was accompanied by enhanced de novo lipogenesis and supression of lipid peroxidation. Notably, simultaneous targeting of ALK and SREBP-1 was able to overcome the established CAF-driven lipid metabolic-supportive niche of TKI-resistant lung tumor spheroids. Our findings highlight a crucial role of CAFs in mediating ALK-TKI resistance via lipid metabolic reprogramming and suggest new ways to overcome resistance towards molecular directed drugs by targeting vulnerabilities downstream of oncogenic signaling.

  Study EGAS50000000135

• Cisplatin increases sensitivity to FGFR inhibition in patient-derived xenograft models of lung squamous cell carcinoma

  Lung squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC) is a molecularly complex and genomically unstable disease. No targeted therapy is currently approved for lung SqCC, although potential oncogenic drivers of SqCC have been identified, including amplification of the fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1). Reports from a recently completed clinical trial indicate low response rates in patients treated with FGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors, suggesting inadequacy of FGFR1 amplification as a biomarker of response, or the need for combination treatment. We aimed to develop accurate models of lung SqCC and determine improved targeted therapies for these tumors. We show that detection of FGFR1 mRNA by RNA in situ hybridisation is a better predictor of response to FGFR inhibition than FGFR1 gene amplification using clinically relevant patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models of lung SqCC. FGFR1-overexpressing tumors were observed in all histological subtypes of non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) as assessed on a tissue microarray, indicating a broader range of tumors that may respond to FGFR inhibitors. In FGFR1-overexpressing PDX tumors, we observed increased differentiation and reduced proliferation following FGFR inhibition. Combination therapy with cisplatin was able to increase tumor cell death, and dramatically prolonged animal survival compared to single agent treatment. Our data suggest that FGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors can benefit NSCLC patients with FGFR1-overexpressing tumors and provides a rationale for clinical trials combining cisplatin with FGFR inhibitors.

  Study EGAS00001002423

• Initial whole genome sequencing of plasma cell neoplasms in First Responders exposed to the World Trade Center attack of September 11, 2001

  The World Trade Center (WTC) attack of September 11, 2001 created an unprecedented environmental exposure to known and suspected carcinogens. High incidence of multiple myeloma (MM) and precursor conditions has been reported among first responders to the WTC disaster. To expand on our prior screening studies, and to characterize the genomic impact of the exposure to known and potential carcinogens in the WTC debris, we were motivated to perform whole genome sequencing (WGS) of WTC first responders and recovery workers who developed a plasma cell disorder after the attack. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We performed WGS of 9 CD138-positive bone marrow mononuclear samples from patients who were diagnosed with plasma cell disorders after the WTC disaster. RESULTS: No significant differences were observed in comparing the post-WTC driver and mutational signatures landscape with 110 previously published WGS from 56 patients with MM and the CoMMpass WGS cohort (n=752). Leveraging constant activity of the single base substitution mutational signatures 1 and 5 over time, we estimated that tumor-initiating chromosomal gains were windowed to both pre- and post-WTC exposure. CONCLUSIONS: Although limitations in sample size preclude any definitive conclusions, our findings suggest that the observed increased incidence of plasma cell neoplasms in this population is due to complex and heterogeneous effects of the WTC exposure that may have initiated or contributed to progression of malignancy.

  Study EGAS00001004467

• Non-coding mutations reveal cancer driver cistromes in luminal breast cancer

  Whole-genome sequencing of primary breast tumors enabled the identification of cancer driver genes and non-coding cancer driver plexuses from somatic mutations. However, differentiating between driver and passenger events among non-coding genetic variants remains a challenge to understand the etiology of cancer and inform the delivery of personalized cancer medicine. Herein, we reveal enrichment of non-coding mutations in cis-regulatory elements that cover a subset of transcription factors linked to tumor progression in luminal breast cancers. Using a cohort of 26 primary luminal ER+PR+ breast tumors, we compiled a catalogue of ~100,000 unique cis-regulatory elements from ATAC-seq data. Integrating this catalogue with somatic mutations from 350 publicly available breast tumor whole genomes, we identified four recurrently mutated individual cis-regulatory elements. By then partitioning the non-coding genome into cistromes, defined as the sum of binding sites for a transcription factor, we uncovered cancer driver cistromes for ten transcription factors, namely CTCF, ELF1, ESR1, FOSL2, FOXA1, FOXM1 GATA3, JUND, TFAP2A, and TFAP2C in luminal breast cancer. Nine of these ten transcription factors were shown to be essential for growth in breast cancer, with four exclusive to the luminal subtype. Collectively, we present a strategy to find cancer driver cistromes relying on quantifying the enrichment of non-coding mutations over cis-regulatory elements concatenated into a functional unit drawn from an accessible chromatin catalogue derived from primary cancer tissues.

  Study EGAS00001005235

• Predictive value of chromosome 18q11.2-q12.1 loss for benefit from bevacizumab in metastatic colorectal cancer; a post-hoc analysis of the randomized controlled trial AGITG-MAX

  Patients and methods: We analyzed tumor samples of 256 patients enrolled in the AGITG-MAX 3-arm randomized controlled trial (RCT) who were randomly assigned to receive either capecitabine, or capecitabine and bevacizumab with- or without mitomycin. Chromosome 18q11.2-q12.1 copy number status was measured and correlated with PFS according to a predefined analysis plan with marker-treatment interaction as the primary end-point.Results: Chromosome 18q11.2-q12.1 losses were detected in 71% of patients (181/256) characteristic for mCRC. Consistent with the non-randomized study, significant PFS benefit of bevacizumab was observed in chromosome 18q11.2-q12.1 loss patients (P=0.009), and not in 18q no-loss patients (P=0.67). Although significance for marker-treatment interaction was not reached (Pinteraction = 0.28), hazard ratio and 95% confidence interval (HRinteraction 0.72, CI 0.39 - 1.32) show striking overlap with the non-randomized study cohorts (HRinteraction 0.41, CI 0.32 - 0.8) supported by a non-significant Cochrane chi-squared (P=0.11) for heterogeneity. Conclusions: PFS characteristics for marker positive- and negative patients randomized for treatment with- or without bevacizumab were consistent with those of the non-randomized discovery study, though the number of AGITG-MAX samples fell short to reach significance for marker-treatment interaction. Post-hoc analysis of the AGITG-MAX RCT provides supportive evidence for chromosome 18q11.2-q12.1 as a clinically relevant predictive marker for mCRC patients.

  Study EGAS00001005453

• Pomalidomide for the Treatment of Bleeding in HHT (PATH-HHT)

  Data Access NOTE: Please refer to the "Authorized Access" section below for information about how access to the data from this accession differs from many other dbGaP accessions.Objectives: To determine efficacy (reduction in severity of epistaxis), tolerability, and improvement in quality of life of pomalidomide compared to placebo after 24 weeks of treatment.Background: This study addresses the efficacy of pomalidomide in the treatment of epistaxis in patients with Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia (HHT) who have anemia and/or require blood transfusion or iron infusion for treatment of bleeding-induced anemia and iron deficiency. HHT (also known as Osler-Weber-Rendu disease) is an inherited bleeding disorder. Over 95% of patients develop recurrent epistaxis, which may be severe and result in chronic anemia, need for iron infusions and blood transfusions, substantial psychiatric comorbidity (including depression and post-traumatic stress disorder) and reduction in health-related quality of life (HRQoL). HHT is clinically diagnosed using the Curacao criteria, which consists of 1) spontaneous and recurrent epistaxis, 2) telangiectasias at characteristic sites, 3) visceral arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) or telangiectasias, and 4) a first degree relative with HHT (inheritance is usually autosomal dominant). Patients with three criteria are considered to have definite HHT, and those with 2 criteria probable HHT. HHT affects approximately 1 in 3,800 individuals. Significant manifestations of HHT often do not appear until the third or fourth decades, sometimes later.Participants: 144 patients from 11 clinical centers were enrolled.Design: This is a multi-center, double blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial that investigated the efficacy and safety of pomalidomide in patients with HHT and chronic epistaxis leading to iron-deficiency anemia or requiring intravenous iron infusions or blood transfusion.Screening evaluation included the Epistaxis Severity Score (ESS) with three-month recall, which reflected the patient's history of epistaxis and bleeding over the prior three months, as well as detailed review of iron infusion and red cell transfusion over the preceding six months. Eligible patients were provided a diary to record the duration of each epistaxis event that occurred during the 4 weeks prior to the baseline visit, and then returned for the baseline randomization visit, at which time patients underwent genetic testing, if this had not been previously performed, and completed an ESS with 4-week recall and quality of life assessments. Patients were randomized 2:1, stratified by study site, to either pomalidomide 4 mg/day or matching placebo during each of six 28 day cycles (24 weeks). Patients were seen every four weeks during treatment, and at a 4-week post-treatment follow-up visit to measure the ESS (with 4-week recall), laboratory assessments including iron stores and need for iron infusion, CBC, and metabolic profile. Patients were assessed for adverse events (AE) throughout the study. Treatment dosage could be reduced, or temporarily or permanently discontinued following AE-specific guidelines related to fatigue, cytopenias or other toxicities.Quality of life assessments were completed at baseline, and the 12- and 24-week visits, and the 4-week post-treatment follow-up visit using validated NIH instruments of 1) Neuro-QOL satisfaction with social roles and activities, 2) PROMIS emotional distress – depression, and 3) PROMIS fatigue, and the HHT-specific quality of life instrument developed specifically for this study. The effect of pomalidomide on duration of epistaxis was assessed via diary between weeks 8-12, 20-24 and the 4-week post-treatment period.Conclusions: Among patients with HHT, pomalidomide treatment resulted in a significant, clinically relevant reduction in epistaxis severity. No unexpected safety signals were identified (Al-Samkari et al., 2024; PMID: 39292928)

  Study phs003948

• Shallow Whole Genome Sequencing of Patient Derived Xenografts

  Chemotherapy is the standard-of-care treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) and benefits some patients, but what distinguishes responders from non-responders is unclear. In this study, we leveraged a comprehensive collection of 27 molecularly annotated patient-derived xenografts to uncover functional predictors of response to 5-FU and irinotecan combination therapy (FOLFIRI) in mCRC. Genetic analyses revealed that treatment sensitivity was marked by genomic scars indicative of BRCAness, suggesting homologous recombination (HR) deficiency as a key determinant. Accordingly, we surveyed a manually curated panel of 44 genes with a documented role in HR for the potential presence of pathogenic mutations. We did not observe a specific enrichment of HR gene mutations based on response to FOLFIRI. This result, combined with the absence of widespread biallelic inactivation of the analyzed genes and the predominance of mutations categorized as variants of unknown significance, suggests that FOLFIRI sensitivity is not primarily governed by underlying mutations in HR genes responsible for mitigating the genotoxic effects of this therapeutic regimen.

  Dataset EGAD50000000277

• SNP Genotype Data: Subpopulations of Filipino, Malaysian, and Papua New Guinea

  In the context of the study 'Exploring Adaptive Phenotypes for the Human Calcium-Sensing Receptor Polymorphism R990G,' this repository contains 11 VCF files. Each file includes genetic data from 22 autosomes, representing distinct subpopulations. The subpopulations are as follows: Malaysian: Aeta (15 samples) Agta (11 samples) Batak (10 samples) Mamanwa (6 samples) Filipino: Jehai (13 samples) Kintaq (6 samples) Temiar (5 samples) Papua New Guinea: Highlands (2 samples) Koinambe (10 samples) Kosipe (10 samples) Sepik (2 samples) The numbers in parentheses indicate the sample size for each respective subpopulation.

  Study EGAS50000000044

• Whole exome sequencing of pediatric soft tissue sarcoma PDX models

  Childhood cancer remains one of the leading causes of death in pediatric patients in Europe. Pediatric sarcomas, comprising soft tissue sarcomas and malignant bone tumors, are a heterogenous group of malignancies, with more than 50 subtypes (WHO classification). Due to low case numbers, studying pediatric sarcomas requires accurate and reliable preclinical models. Here, we established 18 soft tissues sarcoma PDX models, including Ewing Sarcoma, Rhabdmyosarcoma and Osteosarcoma. We characterized these models by Whole Exome Sequencing and assessd the response to a wide range of drugs.

  Study EGAS50000000048

• A Somatic Reference Standard for Cancer Genome Sequencing

  In this study, we separately performed PCR-free whole genome sequencing on the paired tumor/normal melanoma COLO-829 and lymphoblastoid COLO-829BL cell lines across three separate institutions (TGen, Illumina, Genome Sciences Centre at the British Columbia Cancer Agency). We performed a meta-analysis of all data, in combination with the originally reported analysis of these cell lines by Pleasance et al., and report a somatic reference standard based on consensus events. This standard can be used as a reference for tumor/normal whole genome analyses.

  Study phs000932

• Accurate Genome-Wide Germline DNA Profiling from Decade-Old Archival Tissue Specimens

  We evaluate the validity of repurposing archival tissue specimens for germline genetic studies. We performed lc-WGS and imputed genotypes on 10 pairs of matching blood and tumor tissue and benchmarked the accuracy of genome-wide genotypes, HLA haplotypes, and several polygenic risk scores (PRSs). The reported results indicate the high accuracy of germline genotypes and haplotypes obtained from archival tissue DNA. Using this methodology, we estimate breast cancer PRS in 36 Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) patients and demonstrate its association with breast cancer subsequent event (BCSE).  

  Study phs002865

• Clinical and Genetic Analysis of Costa Rican Patients with Parkinson's Disease

  This study is a pilot study designed to describe the clinical and genetic landscape of Parkinson's disease in Costa Rica. While most genetic studies have been conducted on Europeans, few have examined Parkinson's disease in Costa Ricans. 118 patients and 97 controls were recruited at the Movement Disorders Unit of the Department of Neurology, Hospital San Juan de Dios, Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social, Costa Rica. Familial Parkinson's disease genes were sequenced using Next-Generation Sequencing. We also measured and obtained different sociodemographic and clinical information.

  Study phs002495

• Breakpoint detection using long insert whole genome sequencing

  In this study, we hypothesize that shallow long insert whole genome sequencing (LI-WGS) increases our power for detecting breakpoints compared to shallow short insert WGS. We performed a priori analyses to demonstrate the benefits of LI-WGS, developed a long insert library preparation protocol based off Illumina's protocol, and compared LI-WGS against short insert WGS on test samples. We then used long insert WGS to identify translocations and copy number changes in tumor and germline samples collected from cancer patients with different malignancies.

  Study phs000646

• Normative Aging Study (NAS)

  The Normative Aging Study (NAS) is a longitudinal study established by the United States Department of Veterans Affairs in 1963. Participants were male residents and free of chronic disease at the time of recruitment. Participants were invited to undergo an in-person examination every 3-5 years. Participants provided information on medical history, lifestyle and demographic factors and underwent a physical examination and laboratory tests, at each visit. Participants provided written informed consent at each visit, and the VA Boston Healthcare System Institutional Review Board approved the study.

  Study phs000853

• CALGB/SWOG 80405 ct DNA Biomarker Evaluation

  To investigate treatment-specific mutations that underlie resistance to treatment with chemotherapy +/- bevacizumab or cetuximab in first line metastatic Colorectal Cancer (mCRC) patients, we performed targeted sequencing of circulating free DNA (cfDNA) from longitudinal plasma samples. These samples were collected at baseline (PRE, n=354), during treatment (OTH, n=254), and/or at progression or end of the protocol treatment (EOT, n=345) from CALGB/SWOG 80405, a randomized phase III trial that evaluated the efficacy of chemotherapy plus bevacizumab or cetuximab treatment in first line colorectal cancer patients (NCT00265850).

  Study phs002941

• Cancer Genetic Markers of Susceptibility (CGEMS) Prostate Cancer Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) - Primary Scan (Stage 1) - PLCO Screening Trial

  The Cancer Genetic Markers of Susceptibility (CGEMS) prostate cancer genome-wide association study (GWAS) included genotyping approximately 550,000 SNPs (Phase 1A with HumanHap300 and Phase 1B HumanHap240, both from Illumina, San Diego, CA) in 1,172 prostate cancer patients and 1,157 controls of European ancestry from the Prostate, Lung, Colon and Ovarian (PLCO, http://www.cancer.gov/prevention/plco/) Cancer Screening Trial. The original analysis published in Nature Genetics [PMID: 17401363] included 2,282 subjects. After improvement and revisions of the original analysis, 2,252 subjects were submitted to dbGaP.

  Study phs000207

• Whole exome sequencing of 184 unrelated subjects with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (DiGeorge syndrome/velo-cardio-facial syndrome)

  Our goal is to find genetic modifiers of major phenotypes in patients with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome, also known as DiGeorge syndrome or velo-cardio-facial syndrome. Whole exome sequencing was performed as part of a contract to the NHLBI, Resequencing and Genotyping Service. We have obtained cardiac phenotype information from the de-identified subjects enrolled in the study, either by echocardiography report or medical doctor report. All of the subjects have a 3 million base pair 22q11.2 deletion flanked by low copy repeats, LCR22, A-D.

  Study phs000987

• Caregiving as a Natural Stressor in Studies of the Role of Genes That Affect Serotonin Function in Regulating Risk Factors for Coronary Heart Disease (CAREGIVER)

  The burden of caregiving for an ill relative has been shown to interact with existing comorbidities to increase risk of several health outcomes including metabolic syndrome and blood pressure reactivity. The CAREGIVER study was developed to compare cardiometabolic risk factors in caregivers and controls. These risk factors include physiologic measures, psychologic measures, neighborhood characteristics, and genetic and genomic factors. DNA and plasma were collected and used for examination of cardiometabolic and stress biomarkers, genotyping and methylation analysis.

  Study phs001747

• Next Generation Mendelian Genetics: Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome Type VIII

  The NHGRI Next Generation Mendelian Genetics project uses exome resequencing to identify variants in unsolved Mendelian diseases. Ehlers-Danlos syndrome Type VIII is a dominantly inherited connective tissue disorder that is distinguished from other forms of EDS by significant early-onset periodontal disease. Although the clinical phenotype is well delineated, the underlying molecular basis remains unknown. By studying a large family of affected and unaffected individuals with the EDS VIII by exome sequencing, we hope to identify unique regions of homology to assist in identifying the causative gene.

  Study phs000540

• Germline Genome Sequencing from Patients with Early-Onset Merkel Cell Carcinoma

  Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare neuroendocrine skin cancer associated with advanced age. Approximately 5% of cases are early-onset MCC, occurring in individuals younger than 50 years. This study used genome sequencing to identify germline risk factors among patients with early-onset MCC. The available data in the database of Genotypes and Phenotypes (dbGaP) includes genome sequencing of peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) DNA from 37 patients with early-onset MCC (age ATM = 2, BRCA1 = 2, BRCA2 = 1, TP53 = 1, and MAGT1 = 1).

  Study phs003485

• NHLBI TOPMed: Severe Asthma Research Program (SARP)

  The overall goal of the Severe Asthma Research Program (SARP) is to identify and characterize subjects with severe asthma to understand pathophysiologic mechanisms in severe asthma. Subjects with mild and moderate asthma were recruited for comparison but the program was enriched for subjects with severe asthma from multiple centers. Subjects were comprehensively phenotyped for asthma related traits including lung function, atopy, questionnaires on medical and family history, exhaled nitric oxide and health care utilization including exacerbations and symptoms. Asthma is a heterogenous disease. Cluster analysis in SARP has shown multiple subphenotypes and endotypes.

  Study phs001446

• Genetics of Antinuclear Antibodies

  Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) are antibodies that react against self-antigens in the cell. While it has been reported that 12 to 20% of the general population have a positive ANA test, the genetics of ANA positivity is unknown. We performed a genome wide-association study for positive ANA tests among individuals without an ANA related autoimmune disease in the Vanderbilt University Medical Center (VUMC) DNA biobank linked to the de-identified electronic health record (EHR) system. The study is funded by the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin diseases (NIAMS) grant R01AR076516.

  Study phs003189

• Encompassing view of spatial and single-cell RNA-seq renews the role of the microvasculature in human atherosclerosis

  Atherosclerosis is a pervasive contributor to ischemic heart disease and stroke. Despite the advance of lipid lowering-therapies and antihypertensive agents, the residual risk of an atherosclerotic event remains high and developing therapeutic strategies has proven challenging. This is due to the complexity of atherosclerosis with a spatial interplay of multiple cell types within the vascular wall. Here we generate an integrative high-resolution map of human atherosclerotic plaques combining single-cell RNA-seq from multiple studies and spatial transcriptomics data from 12 human specimens, with different stages of atherosclerosis. We show cell-type and atherosclerosis-specific expression changes and spatially constrained alterations in cell-cell communication. We highlight the possible recruitment of lymphocytes via ACKR1 endothelial cells of the vasa vasorum, the migration of vascular smooth muscle cells towards the lumen by transforming into fibromyocytes, and cell-cell communication in the plaque region, indicating an intricate cellular interplay within the adventitia and the subendothelial space in human atherosclerosis.

  Dataset EGAD50000000936

• Mosaic structural variation sample

  Mosaic Normal-Tumor genomes are generated from real normal-tumor pairs with validated somatic variants. In this case, validated variants from the GRIDSS2 paper. Mosaic genomes were generated using GenomeMosaicMaker, an open-source software tool designed and implemented for this specific purpose. The variants provided in the VCF truth file for each mosaic tumor/normal pair were annotated using funnSV for SVs and VEP for SNVs and indels. All CRAM files are aligned to GRCh37. Please see https://github.com/EUCANCan/oncoliner and https://github.com/Computational-Genomics-BSC/GenomeMosaicMaker for more information.

  Study EGAS50000000460

• Genome-wide NanoRCS of cfDNA from plasma of healthy individuals

  Levels of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in liquid biopsies may serve as a sensitive biomarker for real-time, minimally-invasive tumor diagnostics and monitoring. However, detecting ctDNA is challenging, as much fewer than 5% of the cell-free DNA in the blood typically originates from the tumor. To detect lowly abundant molecules, extremely sensitive sequencing methods are required. We adapted a new technique, NanoRCS, which is based on Oxford Nanopore sequencing of concatenated copies of a single DNA molecule for genome-wide sequencing, and applied this to plasma of healthy controls.

  Study EGAS50000000695

• DAC Admixture histories of São Tomé e Príncipe

  Contacts: Paul Verdu +33144057317 paul.verdu@mnhn.fr CNRS-MNHN-Université de Paris UMR7206 Eco-anthropology Jorge M. Rocha jrocha@cibio.up.pt CIBIO Short description The Data Access Committee for acess to genotype and sample information used in the article "Nested admixture during and after the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade in the island of Sao Tome" by Ciccarella M et al.2025 ensures that data-access requests comply with the Informed Consent provided by donors, and with ethical and deontological guidelines with respect to privacy. Research sampling protocols followed the Declaration of Helsinki guidelines and written informed consent was obtained from all volunteer participants involved in the sampling in São Tomé e Príncipe. The study of the São Tomé e Príncipe sample was undertaken with the support and permission of the Provincial Government of the Ministry of Health of the Democratic Republic of São Tomé e Príncipe, and the Provincial Government of Príncipe. Research sampling protocols also followed the French laws of scientific research deontology (Loi n° 2016-483 du 20 avril 2016) and were approved by the French ethics committees and CNIL (Declaration n°1972648).

  Dac EGAC50000000437

• Impact of Chemotherapy on the Somatic Mutation Burden of Sperm and Other Tissues

  We applied high-fidelity duplex sequencing to 94 samples from 36 individuals exposed to diverse chemotherapies along with 32 controls. We found that in many of the sperm samples from men exposed to chemotherapy, the somatic mutation burden was elevated compared to controls as well as the expected burden based on trio studies. We then validated this finding using other tissues, and also found increased somatic mutation burden in the blood and liver of many subjects exposed to chemotherapy compared to unexposed controls.

  Study phs003476

• Epigenetic profiling of primary human thymocyte subsets

  Dynamic changes of the DNA methylation (DNAmeth) landscape drive differentiation of mature T lymphocytes. However, the role of DNAmeth-mediated regulation in thymocyte development remains unclear. Thus, we generated genome-wide DNAmeth and transcriptomic profiles of eight defined, ex vivo isolated primary human thymocyte subsets, to assess the epigenetic remodling taking place during human thymic T cell development. The generated data may also serve as a reference for the analysis of T cell-based inborn errors of immunity or for quality control purposes of in vitro generated T cell populations.

  Study EGAS50000001106

• Whole Exome Sequencing of Human Gastro-esophageal Cancer PDXs

  The current study investigates biomarkers of response to anti-EGFR therapies in gastro-esophageal cancer. Whole exome sequencing was performed on 26 tumors to explore potential factors influencing treatment outcomes. As part of the analysis, somatic mutations in EGFR, ERBB2, and key downstream signaling genes (KRAS and PIK3CA) were examined to exclude the presence of known mutations conferring sensitivity/resistance. The study aims to contribute to the identification of patients who may benefit from lower-toxicity regimens, improving treatment personalization and minimizing adverse effects.

  Study EGAS50000000966

• Evaluation of Local Response of Prostate Cancer to Irradiation Using Multiparametric MRI and MR-Guided Biopsies

  The purpose of this study was to determine the rate of local recurrence in patients with intermediate and high risk prostate cancer treated with radiotherapy. In this study, multiparametric MRI was first performed, and biopsy tissue was acquired from cancerous regions detected on MRI. Blood samples were also taken. DNA and RNA were extracted from tissue taken at baseline. DNA was used for whole exome sequencing (WES). RNA was used for gene expression microarray. Each patient then received radiation therapy with androgen deprivation therapy.

  Study phs001821

• NHLBI TOPMed: African American Sarcoidosis Genetics Resource

  This study aims to comprehensively interrogate the genomes of African American sarcoidosis families. Sarcoidosis is characterized by a hyperimmune response resulting in granuloma formation in multiple organs. It affects African Americans (AAs) more frequently and more severely than whites. While previous linkage, admixture, candidate gene and genome-wide association (GWA) studies show statistically compelling effects, causal variants are still unknown and much of sarcoidosis heritability is yet to be explained. This "missing" heritability likely includes effects of both common (minor allele frequency (MAF)>5%) and rare variants (MAF

  Study phs001207

• Coeliac Disease Immunochip dataset

  Illumina Immunochip genotype data for coeliac disease and control samples. Data is in PLINK binary format. Calling algorithm for genotypes is based on GenomeStudio (GenTrain), with manual clustering of selected variants (please see published manuscript). Genotypes called in this way may not be exactly identical to those generated by other algorithms - this is particularly relevant for groups wishing to utilise the control data (e.g. 1958 Birth Cohort). Please contact the investigators if you wish to discuss access to other data formats (e.g. .idat).

  Study EGAS00000000053

• Intrapatient tumor heterogeneity and clonal evolution in metastatic salivary gland cancer: an autopsy study: access to data

  Funded by the Radboud Oncology Fund and the Dr. C.J. Vaillant Fund, the Salivary Gland Cancer Autopsy research group (Research Group) has sequenced DNA of 17 salivary gland cancer samples of and three healthy control samples from three patients with salivary gland cancer. This research project is led by Carla M.L. van Herpen from Radboud University Medical Centre in Nijmegen, the Netherlands (“Radboudumc”). The DNA sequencing data have been used for an analysis of intrapatient tumor heterogeneity and clonal evolution of metastatic salivary gland cancer. The Research Group is willing to consider applications from third party researchers for access to the DNA sequence data. Access to the data will be granted to qualified researchers for approved use. Access to DNA Sequencing Data is available by application to the Data Access Committee (DAC). Researchers granted access to DNA Sequencing Data must feedback the results of their research to the Research Group, after publication in accordance with the Research Group publication policy set forth in the Data Access Agreement.

  Dac EGAC50000000792

• Analysis of TKI resistant mechanism for gastrointstinal stromal tumor

  Gastrointestinal stromal tumors are the most common mesenchymal tumor of the digestive tract and the proliferation is driven by gain-of-function mutations in KIT. Despite its proven benefits, half of the patients treated with imatinib develop disease progression within 2 years due to secondary resistance mutations in the KIT kinase domains. To characterize the changes associated with imatinib resistance, we performed genomic and transcriptomic analyses of four resistant cell lines and one cell line briefly exposed to imatinib. We also performed exome sequencing of drug-resistant clinical samples.

  Study JGAS000039

• Integrated multi-omics analysis of pediatric hepatoblastoma

  Hepatoblastoma (HBL) is the most common malignant liver tumor in childhood and is clinically heterogeneous. In spite of its heterogeneity, the molecular basis responsible for the difference between low-risk and high-risk HBL has not been fully clarified. To address this issue, we carried out multi-omics analysis on 59 HBL samples to generate comprehensive profiles of gene mutation, copy-number alteration, DNA methylation and gene expression. By integrating these data, we aimed to unravel the heterogeneity of HBL and identify genetic determinants and therapy targets of high-risk HBL.

  Study JGAS000188

• Discordant_Monozygotic_Twins_ALS(Genetics)

  Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease. Regarding genetic factors, pathogenetic mutations in more than 35 genes have been identified as playing a role in disease pathogenesis. However, a substantial portion of ALS heritability remains unaccounted for, pointing to the potential involvement of additional genetic and epigenetic factors. For this reason, we conducted a multi-omics study on a monozygotic twin pair discordant for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, performing whole exome sequencing, transcriptomic and epigenetic analyses to gain crucial insights into underlying pathogenetic disease mechanisms. Here, we share genetic data.

  Study EGAS50000000908

• Impact of Mutated CTCF DNA binding sites of Topologically associating domains on nearby Cancer Gene Regulation: A Multi-Omics Analysis

  Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the most common lethal malignancy world-wide. Due in most part to the extremely high mutational burden (TMB) in cSCC, making sense of it’s non-coding and regulatory regional genomic variation has lagged that of other far less common cancers. This study presents the first investigation of mutations at CCCTC-binding factor binding sites (CTCFbs) of Topologically associating domains (TAD) across defined cSCC progression stages—primary non-metastatic (PNM), primary metastat-ic (PM), and lymph node metastasis (LNM).

  Study EGAS50000001686

• PROMETEO

  The SOLTI-1503 PROMETEO trial was a single-arm, preoperative, window-of-opportunity phase II study conducted at four sites in Spain between December 2018 and February 2022. It enrolled female patients with operable HER2-negative breast cancer (triple-negative or Luminal B-like) and residual disease after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Tumor biopsies were collected at five time points (baseline, post-NAC screening, C2D1, C3D1, and surgery) for translational research. This dataset includes raw paired-end RNA sequencing data (~110M reads per library) generated from the 113 biopy samples, archived in FASTQ format.

  Study EGAS50000001499