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• Multi-omic Profiling of Central Nervous System Leukemia Identifies mRNA Translation as a Therapeutic Target

  Central nervous system (CNS) dissemination of B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) has poor prognosis and remains a therapeutic challenge. Here we performed targeted DNA sequencing, transcriptional and proteomic profiling of paired leukemia infiltrating cells in the bone marrow (BM) and CNS of xenografts. Genes governing mRNA translation were upregulated in CNS leukemia, and subclonal genetic profiling confirmed this in both BM-concordant and BM-discordant CNS mutational populations. CNS leukemia cells were exquisitely sensitive to the translation inhibitor omacetaxine mepesuccinate, which reduced xenograft leptomeningeal disease burden. Proteomics demonstrated greater abundance of secreted proteins in CNS infiltrating cells including complement component 3 (C3) and drug targeting of C3 influenced CNS disease in xenografts. CNS infiltrating cells also exhibited selection for stemness traits and metabolic reprogramming. Overall, our study identifies therapeutic targeting of mRNA translation as a novel therapeutic approach for B-ALL leptomeningeal disease.

  Study EGAS00001005647

• Genome-Wide Analysis of Aberrant Position and Sequence of Plasma DNA Fragment Ends in Patients With Cancer

  This study investigated fragmentation characteristics in plasma cell-free DNA and evaluated the relevance of such analysis for cancer diagnostics. Specifically, we performed whole genome sequencing (WGS) of healthy individuals and cancer patients, and evaluated genome-wide coverage and sequences surrounding fragment ends. This was a retrospective study of archived plasma samples. The WGS data are available through this submission. Detailed study design and findings were published in Budhraja et al. Science Translational Medicine 2023.

  Study phs003170

• SHANK2 mutations associated with Autism Spectrum Disorder cause hyperconnectivity of human neurons

  Heterozygous loss-of-function mutations in the synaptic scaffolding gene SHANK2 are strongly associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). To investigate their effect on synaptic connectivity, we generated cortical neurons from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) derived from neurotypic and ASD-affected donors. We developed Sparse coculture for Connectivity (SparCon) assays where SHANK2 and control neurons were differentially labeled and sparsely seeded together on a lawn of unlabeled control neurons. We observed striking increases in dendrite length, dendrite complexity, total synapse number, and frequency of spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents. These findings were phenocopied in gene-edited homozygous SHANK2 knockout cells and rescued by gene correction of an ASD SHANK2 muation, supporting a role for SHANK2 as a regulator of connectivity in developing human neurons. Dendrite length increases were exacerbated by IGF1, TG003, or BDNF, and suppressed by DHPG treatment. The transcriptome in these isogenic SHANK2 neurons was deeply perturbed in synapse, plasticity, and neuronal morphogenesis gene sets and ASD gene modules, and activity-dependent dendrite extension was impaired. Our unexpected findings provide evidence for hyperconnectivity and profoundly altered transcriptome in SHANK2 neurons derived from ASD subjects.

  Study EGAS00001003436

• Methylation-Based Immune Deconvolution in Prostate Cancer Patients Before and After Radical Prostatectomy

  To explore whether surgical treatment for prostate cancer leads to long-term immune changes, we conducted a pilot study of n=11 prostate cancer patients treated with radical prostatectomy. We also included n=8 patients managed with active surveillance as a comparison group. We examined intra-individual changes in circulating immune cell subsets using serial blood samples collected pre- and approximately 6-months post-prostatectomy, and from matched time points for the patients managed on active surveillance. Immune cell subsets were deconvoluted using genome-wide methylation data. We observed no meaningful changes in circulating immune cell subsets in either patient group, suggesting that any surgery-induced immune changes to the circulating immune profile may not be long-lasting. The genome-wide methylation data from the two time points will be made available through dbGaP.

  Study phs003660

• RNA Expression in Diverse Donor Derived Dermal Fibroblasts Correlates with Reprogramming to Pluripotency

  The cohort used in this study includes 36 African American (17 female, 19 male) and 36 White American (19 female, 17 male) individuals. The total cohort has a median age of 32 years, with a range of 20-64 years. The African American cohort has a median age of 34, with a range of 21-52 years. The White American cohort has a median age of 31, with a range of 20-64 years. Primary dermal fibroblast lines were derived from skin biopsies obtained from adult individuals at the NIEHS under institutional review board approved protocol human subjects 10-E-0063, "Sample Collection Registry for Quality Control of Biological and Environmental Specimens and Assay Development and Testing protocol" (ClinicalTrials.gov #NCT01087307). All participants gave written informed consent for tissue donation. Donor sex, age, and ancestry were voluntarily self-reported. Fibroblast cells were reprogrammed via lentiviral transduction using six transcription factors contained in three plasmids (ADDGENE/PSIN4-EF2-N2L, ADDGENE/PSIN4-EF2-O2S and ADDGENE/PSIN4-CMV-K2M). Reprogramming efficiency was determined by alkaline phosphatase staining of triplicate 10cm reprogrammed dishes containing colonies, which were then scanned. The saved images were analyzed with ImageJ 1.51h (Wayne Rasband, National Institutes of Health, USA) to count colonies, using color threshold adjusted and binary converted images of each dish. Triplicate plates were averaged and reported as colony counts or percent reprogramming efficiency ((# of colonies/250,000) x100). The African American cohort had reprogramming efficiencies ranging from 0.06-1.37%, with a median of 0.655%. The White American cohort had reprogramming efficiencies ranging from 0.02-1.13%, with a median of 0.455%. Our goal was to define transcriptomic heterogeneity that could be contributing to differences in reprogramming efficiency between individuals and between groups. Total RNA was obtained from dermal fibroblasts and matched iPSCs. For each sample, 500 ng total RNA was used as input for preparation of whole transcriptome rRNA depleted libraries. An adapter-ligated library was prepared with the KAPA HyperPrep Kit (KAPA Biosystems, Wilmington, MA) using Bioo Scientific NEXTflex™ DNA Barcoded Adapters (Bioo Scientific, Austin, TX, USA) according to KAPA-provided protocol. Sequencing was performed using an Illumina HiSeq 2500 following Illumina-provided protocols for 2x150 bp paired-end sequencing. Each transcriptome was sequenced to a target depth of 125 million reads. The following mean raw reads were obtained: African American dermal fibroblasts= 129,571,450; White American dermal fibroblasts= 131,939,505; African American iPSCs= 132,501,335; White American iPSCs= 134,394,164. Raw reads were aligned to hg19 using the STAR alignment tool (https://github.com/alexdobin/STAR). The following mean aligned reads were obtained: African American dermal fibroblasts= 123,315,343; White American dermal fibroblasts= 125,178,035; African American iPSCs= 123,148,312; White American iPSCs= 123,886,992. Reprinted from L. C. Mackey et al., Epigenetic Enzymes, Age, and Ancestry Regulate the Efficiency of Human iPSC Reprogramming. Stem Cells 36, 1697-1708 (2018), with permission from Wiley. Reprinted from L. S. Bisogno et al., Ancestry-dependent gene expression correlates with reprogramming to pluripotency and multiple dynamic biological processes. Science Advances 6 (47) (2020) (PMID: 33219026), with permission from AAAS.

  Study phs002341

• CCA WGS data (16 CCA with matched normal, 4 cell-line)

  Fastq files for WGS for 16 CCAs (with matched normal tissues), and 4 cell lines in an AA-treatment experiment (0, 10, 20, 40ug AA treatment after 180 days; 2 runs each for 10ug and 40ug experiments). Genomic DNA was extracted using DNeasy Blood and Tissue Kit (Qiagen). Sequencing libraries were prepared from DNA extracted using the SureSelect XT2 Target Enrichment System for the Illumina Multiplexed Sequencing platform (Illumina) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. Whole genome sequencing was performed on Illumina HiSeq4000 sequencer with paired-end sequencing.

  Dataset EGAD00001012100

• Allogeneic induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cell-derived cartilage transplantation for articular cartilage damage in knee joints: a phase I, first-in-human study

  Damaged articular cartilage seldom heals due to a limited capacity for self-repair, frequently leading to osteoarthritis. Regenerative interventions are expected to heal the damage. We have recently established a method to produce cartilage from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in a clinically applicable process. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the safety including tumorigenesis and the subsequence efficacy of allogeneic iPSC-derived cartilage transplantation into damaged areas of knee articular cartilage.

  Study EGAS50000001167

• Enhanced Adjuvanticity of a Personal Neoantigen Vaccine Generates Potent Neoantigen-Specific Immunity

  Personalized neoantigen-targeting vaccines can induce durable and diverse T cell responses and have been associated with improved outcomes. To augment immunogenicity, we tested a synthetic long peptide vaccine formulated with the adjuvants Montanide and poly-ICLC in 10 patients with melanoma. The vaccines, co-administered locally with ipilimumab and systemically with nivolumab, generated de novo ex vivo T cell responses against the majority of immunizing neoepitopes in all 9 fully vaccinated patients, and ex vivo CD8+ T cell responses in 6 of 9. Hundreds of circulating and intratumoral T cell receptor (TCR) clonotypes emerged following vaccination that were distinct from those arising after PD-1 inhibition. By linking vaccine-specificity and cellular phenotype of TCRs in post-treatment tumors at single cell resolution, we demonstrate remodeling of the intratumoral T cell repertoire following vaccination. These observations demonstrate the impact of multi-pronged immune adjuvanticity on the T cell repertoire in the context of neoantigen-targeting vaccines. We are submitting WES data from whole blood samples and tumor FFPE samples, and RNA-seq data from tumor FFPE samples. We are also submitting RNA-seq data from purified tumor samples. scRNA-seq data will also be submitted for skin samples (pre and post neoantigen vaccine dose #3), and tumor samples before starting treatment, before starting neoantigen vaccine Dose #1, and before neoantigen vaccine dose #4. Bulk TCR-seq data will be submitted for blood samples.

  Study phs003919

• Whole genome sequencing based on short and long reads from GM09237 cell line with and without folate depletion

  To asess changes in the DNA-sequence occurring as a result of folate deprivation, DNA extracted from the GM09237 cell line grown with and without folate was sequenced using short read and long read sequencing. The DNA was extracted from cells cultured with either normal medium or medium with no folic acid for 5 days, and then sequenced by BGI PE100 platform (100 bp paired-end sequencing 60x coverage; performed by BGI), or PacBio Sequel system (SMARTbell; performed by BGI) respectively.

  Study EGAS00001005345

• An approach for evaluating the effects of dietary fiber polysaccharides on the human gut microbiome and plasma proteome

  Study EGAS00001005330

• Dataset of transcriptomic, whole genome and whole exome sequencing to identify predictive biomarkers in pediatric solid tumors

  This Dataset contains whole genome sequencing data for 148 sample, transcriptome sequencing for 66 samples and exome sequencing for 123 samples from pediatric solid tumors. Sequencing was performed on Illumina NovaSeq 6000 and Illumina HiSeq 4000. The sequencing was paired.

  Dataset EGAD00001015701

• Brain Mapping by Integrated Neurotechnologies for Disease Studies: Human Brain Aging Imaging Study

  Compare the MRI data with amyloid PET images and cognitive data.

  Study JGAS000277

• Raw FASTQ files from TSO500 hybrid capture sequencing of prostate cancer tissue and plasma.

  This dataset contains raw genomic sequencing data in FASTQ format for a total of 49 libraries. It includes 22 samples derived from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue and 27 samples from plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA). All samples were processed using the Illumina TruSight Oncology 500 (TSO500) hybrid capture panel to identify relevant genomic alterations. These files represent the primary, non-aligned data used for the comparative performance analysis described in the associated study.

  Dataset EGAD50000002463

• Keratinocyte CRISPR screens (2019-08-14)

  Immortalised HaCaT keratinocytes were transduced with Cas9 and the CRISPR-KO v1.1 genome-wide gRNA library. The gRNA library was prepared from genomic DNA isolated 14 days post library transduction. gRNA representation will be compared to the original CRISPR-KO v1.1 library to reveal genes essential for HaCaT survival and growth. . This dataset contains all the data available for this study on 2019-08-14.

  Dataset EGAD00001005252

• The identification of genetic vulnerabilities in head and neck cancers for the development of novel treatments. (2019-06-10)

  Exome Sequencing in a set of Asian Head and Neck cancer cell lines, to identify mutations that can be used to genomically classify the cell lines. . This dataset contains all the data available for this study on 2019-06-10.

  Dataset EGAD00001005082

• ATAC-seq of uncultured CD112high and CD112low long-term(LT) human hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) from umbilical cord blood

  ATAC-sequencing was performed to establish chromatin accessibility signatures that underlie the differential in vitro priming and regeneration phenotypes of CD112high and CD112low LT-HSC. CD112high and CD112low LT-HSC from 2-3 independent human umbilical cord blood pools were prospectively isolated for DNA extraction, library preparation and sequencing.

  Study EGAS00001005121

• Contribution of Genetic Polymorphisms to the Abuse Liability of Oxycodone

  The proposed study examined the prevalence of various genetic polymorphisms thought to be involved in opioid abuse among current heroin users. In addition to providing blood samples for genetics analysis, participants completed a number of questionnaires that allowed us to learn detailed information about their current and history of opioid drug use.

  Study phs001559

• sWGS for genome-wide copy number profiling

  Shallow whole-genome sequencing (sWGS) data for the identification of somatic copy number alterations (SCNA) and the estimation of tumor fractions in plasma DNA of metastatic colorectal cancer patients (mCRC).

  Dataset EGAD00001006384

• Single-cell RNA-seq of rheumatoid arthritis synovial tissue using low-cost microfluidic instrumentation

  Droplet-based single-cell RNA-seq has emerged as a powerful technique for massively parallel cellular profiling. While these approaches offer the exciting promise to deconvolute cellular heterogeneity in diseased tissues, the lack of cost-effective, reliable, and user-friendly instrumentation has hindered widespread adoption of droplet microfluidic techniques. To address this, we have developed a microfluidic control instrument that can be easily assembled from 3D printed parts and commercially available components costing approximately $575. We adapted this instrument for massively parallel scRNA-seq and deployed it in a clinical environment to perform single-cell transcriptome profiling of disaggregated synovial tissue from 5 rheumatoid arthritis patients. We sequenced 20,387 single cells from synovectomies, revealing 13 transcriptomically distinct clusters. These encompass a comprehensive and unbiased characterization of the autoimmune infiltrate, including inflammatory T and NK subsets that contribute to disease biology. Additionally, we identified fibroblast subpopulations that are demarcated via THY1 (CD90) and CD55 expression. Further experiments confirm that these represent synovial fibroblasts residing within the synovial intimal lining and subintimal lining, respectively, each under the influence of differing microenvironments. We envision that this instrument will have broad utility in basic and clinical settings, enabling low-cost and routine application of microfluidic techniques, and in particular single-cell transcriptome profiling. Reprinted from [Stephenson et al., Nature Communications, 2018], with permission from the Nature Publishing Group.

  Study phs001529

• Healthy control cfMeDIP-seq

  This dataset comprises 46 raw fastq files derived from 23 plasma cfDNA samples from 23 healthy (CTL) cancer-free donors. For each sample, 10ng of cfDNA was used for library preparation utilizing the cfMeDIP-seq technology based on the 5mC antibody-immunoprecipitation strategy. Libraries were validated via Bioanalyzer trace analysis and sequenced on the Illumina NovaSeq 6000 platform with paired-end 150-bp model for ~100 million reads per sample.

  Dataset EGAD50000000652

• The dataset of Southeast Borneo individuals (Banjar and Ngaju ethnic groups) was used as comparative data to determine the Asian parental population of the Malagasy. Our study found strong support for an origin of the Asian ancestry of Malagasy among the Banjar.

  Malagasy genetic diversity results from an exceptional proto-globalisation process that took place over a thousand years ago across the Indian Ocean. Previous efforts to locate the Asian origin of Malagasy have highlighted Borneo broadly as a potential source, but so far no firm source populations have been identified. Here, we have generated genome-wide data from two Southeast Borneo populations, the Banjar and the Ngaju, together with published data compiled from populations across the Indian Ocean region. We find strong support for an origin of the Asian ancestry of Malagasy among the Banjar. This group emerged from the long-standing presence of a Malay Empire trading post in Southeast Borneo, which favoured admixture between the Malay and an autochthonous Borneo group, the Ma’anyan. Reconciling genetic, historical and linguistic data, we show that the Banjar, in Malay-led voyages, were the most probable Asian source among the analysed groups in the founding of the Malagasy gene pool.

  Study EGAS00001001841

• Ribosomal profiling on Epstein-Barr virus transformed B-lymphoblastoid cell lines

  Epstein-Barr virus-transformed B-lymphoblastoid cell lines from six individuals (HG00114, HG00282, NA12005, NA12044, NA12717 and NA12751) of the GEUVADIS Project were selected for ribosomal profiling. For each EBV-LCL, 20 million cells were treated with 2 μg/ml harringtonine and 100 μg/ml cycloheximide. After lysing cells in lysis buffer supplemented with 100 μg/ml cycloheximide, ribosome complexes were purified by density purification. Small RNA molecules were isolated using the NucleoSpin miRNA Kit (Bioke, Leiden, Netherlands), followed by RNA PAGE gel separation. Universal linkers were added after dephosphorylation. After reverse transcription, the cDNA was circularized and, after ribosomal RNA depletion, barcoded and sequenced on Illumina NextSeq 500.

  Dac EGAC50000000209

• FASTQ files of total RNA-Seq data of POPS control samples

  Placental biopsies (n = 64 female placentas, n = 67 male placentas) were selected from healthy pregnancies from the POPs cohort. These patients had no evidence of hypertension at booking and during pregnancy, did not experience pre-eclampsia, Hemolysis, Elevated Liver enzymes, and Low Platelets (HELLP) syndrome, gestational diabetes, or diabetes mellitus type I or type II and other obstetric complications. They delivered live babies with a birth weight percentile in the normal range (20-80th percentile), with no evidence of slowing in fetal growth trajectory. Chorionic villi from the corresponding placentas (free from decidua, visible infarction, calcification, hematoma, or damage) were collected and processed within 30 minutes of separation from the uterus. After repeated washes in chilled phosphate buffered saline, the samples were placed in RNA later (Applied Biosystems) and stored at -80°C. Total placental RNA was extracted using mirVana Isolation Kit (Ambion). For each placenta, approximately 5 mg of tissue were homogenized in the Lysis/Binding solution for 20 sec at 6 m/s using a bead beater (FastPrep24) and Lysing Matrix D Tubes (MP Biomedicals). The samples were then spun at 13,000 rpm for 5 min at 4°C and the supernatants recovered. Afterwards, the manufacturer's instructions were followed. Immediately after the RNA extraction, placental RNA samples were DNase-treated using DNA-free DNA Removal Kit (Ambion), aliquoted, and stored in -80°C. Quantity and quality of the RNA samples were assessed using the Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer, the Agilent RNA 6000 Nano Kit (Agilent Technologies), and Qubit fluorometer. Libraries were prepared starting with 300-500 ng of good quality total RNA (RIN ≥7.5) using the TruSeq Stranded Total RNA Library Prep Kit with Ribo-Zero Human/Mouse/Rat (Illumina), according to the manufacturer's instructions. The kit contains 96 uniquely indexed adapter combinations in order to allow pooling of multiple samples prior to sequencing. After determining their size (with the Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer and the Agilent High Sensitivity DNA Kit by Agilent Technologies) and concentration (by qPCR with the KAPA Illumina ABI Prism Library Quantification Kit, Kapa Biosystems), libraries have been pooled and sequenced (single-end, 125 bp) using a Single End V4 Cluster Kit and an Illumina HiSeq2500 or HiSeq4000 instrument.

  Dataset EGAD00001003457

• The Etiological Bases of Giftedness: Epidemiological Study of Cognitive Ability in Children in Saudi Arabia

  Recent studies of genetic foundations of cognitive ability rely on large samples (hundreds of thousands) of individuals from relatively outbred populations of mostly European ancestry. Hypothesizing that the genetic foundation of cognitive ability depends on the broader population-specific genetic context, we performed a genome-wide association study and homozygosity mapping of cognitive ability estimates obtained through latent variable modeling in a sample of 354 children from the consanguineous population of Saudi Arabia. Approximately half of the sample demonstrated significantly elevated homozygosity levels indicative of inbreeding, and among those with elevated homozygosity, it was negatively associated with cognitive ability. Further homozygosity mapping identified a specific run, inclusive of the GRIA4 gene, that survived corrections for multiple testing for association with cognitive ability. The results suggest that in a consanguineous population, a notable proportion of the variance in cognitive ability in the normal range in children might be regulated by population-specific mechanisms such as patterns of elevated autozygosity.

  Study phs001884

• Udated data for October 2017 data release for reference epigenomes generated at Centre for Epigenome Mapping Technologies, Genome Sciences Center, B.C. Cancer Agency as part of the International Human Epigenome Consortium.

  October 2017 data update (bam/fastq) for reference epigenomes generated at Centre for Epigenome Mapping Technologies (Canadian Epigenetics, Environment and Health Research Consortium), Genome Sciences Center, B.C. Cancer Agency, Vancouver, Canada as part of the International Human Epigenome Consortium.

  Dataset EGAD00001003906

• Dataset for ChIP-seq data for neuroblastoma tumor samples(NB,Neuroblastoma)

  Dataset for H3K27me3 ChIP-seq data of neuroblastoma tumor samples. The sequencing was performed on Illumina HiSeq 2000 and Illumina HiSeq 2500

  Dataset EGAD00001015813

• Oxford Nanopore targeted RNA-based amplicon data of 12 classical HLA genes

  The dataset consists of Oxford Nanopore targeted RNA-based amplicon data of 12 classical HLA genes (HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRA, -DRB1, -DRB3, -DRB4, -DRB5, -DQA1, -DQB1, -DPA1, and DPB1) of 50 healthy individuals. The 12 classical genes were sequenced in two separate gene pools on R9.4 flowcells using MinION sequencer. Per individual, gene pool 1 contains HLA-A, -B, -C, -DRB1, -DRB3, -DRB4, -DRB5, and -DPB1 and gene pool 2 HLA-DRA, -DQA1, -DQB1, and -DPA1. The dataset includes 100 fastq files of Oxford Nanopore 2D reads (50 for gene pool 1 and 50 for gene pool 2).

  Dataset EGAD00001006814

• Haukeland University Hospital Data Access Committee for ParkOme-1 datasets archvied in Federated EGA Norway

  Data Access Committee appointed by Haukeland University Hospital for omics datasets for Parkinson's disease and related disorders, generated in studies under the ParkOme project. Omics datasets of different types are generated from fresh frozen brain tissue from individuals with neurodegenerative parkinsonisms and neurologically healthy controls.

  Dac EGAC50000000193

• Relaxed selection during a recent human expansion

  To better understand and quantify the effect of a recent expansion process on the amount and pattern of mutation load, we screened the ascending genealogies of 3916 individuals from the CARTaGENE cohort (Awadalla et al. 2013) that were linked to the BALSAC genealogical database (http://balsac.uqac.ca/). Using stringent criteria on the quality of genealogical information, we selected (front) individuals whose ancestors were as close as possible to the front of the colonization of Quebec, and (core) individuals whose ancestors were as far as possible from the front. We then sequenced these 102 individuals at very high coverage (mean 89.5X, range 67X-128X) for 106.5 Mb of exomic and UTR regions and contrasted their genomic diversity to detect if sites with various degrees of conservation and deleteriousness had been differentially impacted by selection.

  Study EGAS00001001957

• Lung Health Study (LHS-BioLINCC)

  Data Access NOTE: Please refer to the “Authorized Access” section below for information about how access to the data from this accession differs from many other dbGaP accessions. Objectives: To determine the effects of Special Care, compared to Usual Care, on rate of decline in pulmonary function in a group of cigarette smokers identified as having mild abnormalities in pulmonary function. In addition, the study sought to determine if participants with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, who were assigned to inhaled corticosteroids had a lower rate of decline in lung function and lower incidence of respiratory morbidity compared to participants assigned to placebo. Also, the study sought to determine the long-term effects of smoking cessation and continued smoking, on cardiopulmonary morbidity, mortality, and the rate of decline in the one second forced expiratory volume in men and women with early chronic obstructive lung disease who have been followed prospectively for 12 to 15 years.Participants: A total of 5887 participants were enrolled.Conclusions: Participants in the two smoking intervention groups showed significantly smaller declines in Forced Expiratory Volume 1 (FEV1) than did those in the control group. Most of this difference occurred during the first year following entry into the study and was attributable to smoking cessation, with those who achieved sustained smoking cessation experiencing the largest benefit. The small noncumulative benefit associated with use of the active bronchodilator vanished after the bronchodilator was discontinued at the end of the study. The authors concluded that an aggressive smoking intervention program significantly reduced the age-related decline in FEV1 in middle-aged smokers with mild airways obstruction. Use of an inhaled anticholinergic bronchodilator resulted in a relatively small improvement in FEV1 that appeared to be reversed after the drug was discontinued. Use of the bronchodilator did not influence the long-term decline of FEV1. Additionally, the study showed that lung function decline in the participants treated with the inhaled corticosteroid was statistically no different from that in the placebo group. Corticosteroid use did, however, result in 25 percent fewer respiratory symptoms and nearly 50 percent fewer outpatient visits for respiratory problems. However, after three years, bone density in the hip and back was lower in the corticosteroid group.

  Study phs004013

• TRIGR collaboration between University of Helsinkin and Children's Mercy Research Institute

  DAC for collaborations between by the University of Helsinki and Children's Mercy Hospital, such as the Trial to Reduce IDDM in the Genetically at Risk (TRIGR), used to study the evolving epigenomics of immune cells in type 1 diabetes at single nuclei resolution

  Dac EGAC50000000543

• Genome-wide genotyping data and exome sequencing of 100 European-descent and 100 African-descent Belgians used in the EGAS00001001895 study

  We recruited 100 healthy, male donors of self-reported European descent (EUB) and 100 of self-reported African descent (AFB) (Ghent, Belgium). For each participant, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from whole blood on Ficoll-Paque density gradients. Monocytes were then positively selected with magnetic CD14 microbeads and exposed for 6 hours to different ligands activating TLR4 (LPS), TLR1/2 (Pam3CSK4), TLR7/8 (R848) and to a human seasonal influenza A virus (IAV). High-quality RNA was obtained from unstimulated and stimulated monocytes for 970 of the 1000 samples (200 x 5 conditions), and was sequenced on an Illumina HiSeq2000. On average, 34 million 101-bp single-end reads were obtained per sample.

  Dataset EGAD00001002714

• The Genetic Landscape of BCL2 Break Negative Follicular Lymphoma

  Background: 15% of high and 50% of low stage FL lack the t(14;18). Nevertheless, most of these cases express BCL2 by so far unknown mechanisms. Principals/Methodology: To find molecular mechanisms, triggering FL-pathogenesis in t(14;18)-negative FL, the exonic SNV-profiles of 33 FL with and 16 FL without t(14;18) were assessed by whole exome-sequencing and external SNV-data integration. The SNV-profile of the whole exome-sequenced FL was correlated with copy number, LOH and gene-expression data. Finally, the N-glycosylation status was assessed (LympTrack assay) in a separate validation cohort. Results: SNVs in FL with and without t(14;18) affected different genes, but accumulated in similar pathways, e.g. apoptosis, epigenetic processes and cell cycle/proliferation. Mutations in genes associated with immune-response were more prominently and those associated with NFkB and N-glycosylation selectively enriched in t(14;18)-negative FL. ~50% of mutated genes showed BCL2-asociation at high confidence in FL with and without t(14;18). Moreover, among the genes mutated in t(14;18)-negative FL 555 (~1/3) were affected by copy number alterations and/or copy-neutral LOH, 125 were differently expressed between FL with and without t(14;18) (p<0.01) and 62 were differentially expressed and affected by copy number alterations and/or copy-neutral LOH. N-glycosylation was strongly reduced in t(14;18)-negative FL as compared to results reported for historical FL cohorts. Conclusion: These results suggest a stronger crosstalk with the microenvironment that may compensate for the lack of N-glycosylation and a diverse portfolio of SNVs that may contribute to the upregulation of BCL2 and FL pathogenesis in t(14;18)-negative FL.

  Study EGAS00001002164

• Annie Huang and the Hospital for Sick Children

  Dac EGAC01000000015

• Next-Generation Sequencing of RNA and DNA Isolated from Paired Fresh-Frozen and Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Samples of Human Cancer and Normal Tissue

  Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues are an invaluable resource for clinical research. However, nucleic acids extracted from FFPE tissues are fragmented and chemically modified making them challenging to use in molecular studies. We analysed 23 fresh-frozen (FF), 35 FFPE and 38 paired FF/FFPE specimens, representing six different human tissue types (bladder, prostate and colon carcinoma; liver and colon normal tissue; reactive tonsil) in order to examine the potential use of FFPE samples in next-generation sequencing (NGS) based retrospective and prospective clinical studies. Two methods for DNA and three methods for RNA extraction from FFPE tissues were compared and were found to affect nucleic acid quantity and quality. DNA and RNA from selected FFPE and paired FF/FFPE specimens were used for exome and transcriptome analysis. Preparations of DNA Exome-Seq libraries was more challenging (29.5 % success) than that of RNA-Seq libraries, presumably because of modifications to FFPE tissue-derived DNA. Libraries could still be prepared from RNA isolated from two-decade old FFPE tissues. Data were analysed using the CLC Bio Genomics Workbench and revealed systematic differences between FF and FFPE tissue-derived nucleic acid libraries. In spite of this, pairwise analysis of DNA Exome-Seq data showed concordance for 70-80 % of variants in FF and FFPE samples stored for fewer than three years. RNA-Seq data showed high correlation of expression profiles in FF/FFPE pairs (Pearson Correlations of 0.90 +/- 0.05), irrespective of storage time (up to 244 months) and tissue type. A common set of 1,494 genes was identified with expression profiles that were significantly different between paired FF and FFPE samples irrespective of tissue type. Our results are promising and suggest that NGS can be used to study FFPE specimens in both prospective and retrospective archive-based studies in which FF specimens are not available.

  Study EGAS00001000737

• Familial breast cancer targeted sequencing with ONT

  A large cohort of 600 cases with familial breast cancer as classified by the Spanish Society of Medical Oncology (SEOM) Clinical Guidelines Update that were recruited during 6 years at Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer (Murcia, Spain) were retrospectively evaluated to select 16 cases with no positive finding in NGS analysis of 20 genes implicated in this disease. These 16 cases were selected for further investigation using nanopore sequencing. This method involved the use of adaptive sampling enrichment, targeting a panel of 18 human genome regions, which contained the 20 genes (PTEN, ATM, BRCA2, PALB2, CDH1, TP53, NF1, RAD51D, BRCA1, RAD51C ,BRIP1, STK11, CHEK2, EPCAM, MSH2, MSH6, BARD1, MLH1, PMS2, NBN). In 5 samples (P1, P2, P4, P15 and P16) no selection of long reads was performed. Additionally, in 3 samples (P7, P9 and P10), both procedures were performed in two independent runs, and for the second run of P7, the DNA was previously fragmented using g-TUBE Covaris® (ref 520079) according to the protocol for 6 kb fragments.

  Dataset EGAD00001011106

• Malnutrition and Enteric Disease Network (Mal-ED) Case-Control Study in Brazil

  The Malnutrition and Enteric Disease Network (Mal-ED) Case-Control Study enrolled children in the age range 6-24 months between 2010 and 2014 in Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.The aim of the study was to understand the etiology and pathogenesis of malnutrition. Children were prospectively enrolled cases defined as weight for age Z Score (WAZ) <-2 and age and neighborhood matched controls defined as WAZ>-1.This submission includes genetic and associated phenotypic data on a subset of 336 participants. More information on this project and its related projects can be found here: Studies of diarrheal susceptibility, growth, and development, in pediatric populations in Northeastern Brazil

  Study phs003173

• C9ORF72 Hexanucleotide Repeat Sequence Genotyping Project

  This study reports long-range and high-resolution repeat sizing of the C9orf72 repeat region for 2095 samples from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) repository's ALS collection. Genomic DNA samples were analyzed with a PCR assay (AmplideX® PCR/CE C9orf72 Kit) and resolved on capillary electrophoresis. Expanded samples were also analyzed using a gene-specific assay and resolved by capillary electrophoresis (up to 145 GGGGCC hexanucleotide repeats) and AGE agarose gel electrophoresis (up to 950 hexanucleotide repeats, respectively).

  Study phs001718

• Bulk RNAseq FASTQ files of three PDAC organoid lines treated with LGK974 or DMSO for 24h

  This dataset contains raw FASTQ files from bulk RNA sequencing of three patient-derived pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) organoid lines (P28, P40, P47). Each organoid line was treated with either the WNT secretion inhibitor LGK974 or DMSO for 24 hours, with three biological replicates per treatment condition. RNA was extracted using the Qiagen QiaSymphony SP system, and libraries were prepared with the Illumina Truseq stranded polyA kit. Sequencing was performed on an Illumina NextSeq2000 platform using single-end 50bp reads. Quality control was conducted with FastQC, and reads were trimmed with TrimGalore as appropriate. Data are controlled-access and intended for transcriptomic analysis of WNT pathway perturbation in PDAC organoid models.

  Dataset EGAD50000002219

• Phase I Study of the Oral PI3kinase Inhibitor BKM120 or BYL719 and the Oral PARP Inhibitor Olaparib in Patients with Recurrent Triple Negative Breast Cancer or High Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer

  We analyzed massive parallel sequence data from patients with breast and ovarian cancer and identified single base substitution mutational signature 3 (Sig3) - extracted using SigMA - as a biomarker of homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) and predictive for response to PARP inhibitors. Participants were patients enrolled in clinical trials as 2 independent datasets: (1) high-grade serous ovarian cancer and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) from a Phase 1b trial of the PARP inhibitor olaparib in combination with the PI3K inhibitor buparlisib (BKM120) (NCT01623349), and (2) TNBC patients who received neoadjuvant olaparib in the Phase II PETREMAC trial (NCT02624973).

  Study phs003019

• Whole genome sequencing of tumour and matched normal from patients with family history of breast cancer

  Analysis of whole genome sequencing of tumour and matched normal from familial breast cancer patients who had previously undergone clinical germline testing for variation in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. The patients were either carriers of BRCA1 or BRCA2 germline pathogenic variants or non-carriers high-risk individuals (non-BRCA1/2). Somatic mutational signatures were used to study tumour aetiology of these individuals.

  Study EGAS00001003305

• Transcriptome analysis of kidney organoids lacking NPHP1gene

  To explore the molecular mechanisms of cyst formation in kidney organoids lacking NPHP1, we performed RNA-seq transcriptome experiments. Because the potential for cyst formation by suspension culture should already be derived from kidney organoids at the adherent culture, we compared the global gene expression pattern of kidney organoids on day 18 between healthy group and NPHP1-deficient group

  Study JGAS000683

• Splicing patterns in SF3B1 mutated uveal melanoma generate shared immunogenic tumor-specific neo-epitopes

  Disruption of splicing patterns due to mutations of genes coding splicing factors in tumors represents a potential source of tumor neo-antigens, which would be both public (shared between patients) and tumor-specific (not expressed in normal tissues). In this study, we show that mutations of the splicing factor SF3B1 in uveal melanoma (UM) generate such immunogenic neo-antigens. Memory CD8+ T cells specific for these neo-antigens are preferentially found in 20% of UM patients bearing SF3B1 mutated tumors. Single cell analyses of neo-epitope specific T cells from the blood identified large clonal T cell expansions, with distinct effector transcription patterns. Some of these expanded TCRs are also present in the corresponding tumors. CD8+ T cell clones specific for the neo-epitopes specifically recognize and kill SF3B1-mutated tumor cells, supporting the use of this new family of neo-antigens as therapeutic targets.

  Study EGAS00001005226

• 2017_AML_WGS

  This 2017_AML_WGS study includes 10 paired samples derived from Korean AML paitients. 10 AML Bone Marrow samples were collected and paired with each normal(Saliva or BM derived) sequencing data. The results of this WGS study were analyzed by Mutect and GATK for ranking germline variants and cancer variants to make mutational profile matrix.

  Study EGAS00001002388

• AML_WES

  This 2014_AML_WES study includes 40 paired samples derived from Korean AML paitients. AML Bone Marrow samples were collected and paired with each normal(Saliva or BM derived) sequencing data. The results of this CN study were analyzed by Mutect and GATK for ranking germline variants and cancer variants to make mutational profile matrix.

  Study EGAS00001001559

• Bulk RNAseq from in vitro generated macrophages and T cells, and mUM tumour biopsies

  Monocyte derived macrophages were polarised into M1 or M2 using IFNg+ ILP or IL-4 respectively (n =4) . Pan T cells were cultured with or without IL-2 for 4 days (n=4 - 6). Pan T cells were co-cultured with THP1 tumour cells for 20 hours in the presence or absence of ImmTAC molecules and in the presence or absence of M2 macrophages. Sorted T cells and macrophage populations prior and post co-culture were analysed by bulk RNA sequencing (60 million reads per sample) using the Illumina NovaSeq system. Tumour biopsies were obtained from uveal melanoma patients (n = 35) pre and 16 days post treatment with tebentafusp. Biopsies, which were either snap frozen or put in RNA later, were analysed by bulk RNA sequencing (50 million reads per sample) using the Illumina NovaSeq system

  Dac EGAC50000000518

• Dataset for study Genome-wide gene expression analysis following CRISPRi of transposable elements

  Transposable elements (TEs), once regarded as parasitic genomic remnants, are now recognized as key regulators of gene expression and genome evolution, yet the functional specificity of individual TE subfamilies remains largely unexplored. This dataset investigates the transcriptional consequences of targeted repression of MER57E3 and LTR10B2 elements using CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) in human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). hiPSCs expressing CRISPRi machinery (n = 2 biological replicates) were transduced with guide RNAs targeting individual or grouped copies of MER57E3 and LTR10B2, as well as the ZNF678 promoter or a lacZ non-targeting control. Transduced cells were subsequently differentiated into neural progenitor cells (NPCs), and total RNA was extracted for mRNA library preparation and sequencing. The dataset comprises 24 single-end mRNA-seq FASTQ files generated from these NPCs and wild-type controls.

  Dataset EGAD00001015689

• Tetralogy of fallot whole-exome sequencing

  829 adult and child probands of Northern European ancestry presenting with TOF were recruited from nine centres: seven in the UK, Leuven (Belgium), and Sydney (Australia). Patients sequenced exhibited no clinical features of recognised syndromes, extra-cardiac abnormalities or learning difficulties. All samples were screened for the 22q11.2 deletion associated with TOF prior to sequencing to ensure that this was not present. Samples were sequenced on HiSeq2000 and reads aligned using BWA.

  Study EGAS00001003302

• Miseq (18S) analysis of spiked placental tissue samples

  We spiked a small number of placental tissue samples with different combinations of Candida albicans, Plasmodium falciparum, Toxoplasma gondii, Human Cytolomega virus and Salmonella bongori (various combination of the equivalents of 1, 10, 100, 1000 and 10000 genome copies). A DNA isolation was performed on these spiked samples and the resulting DNA was subsequently sequenced by MiSeq (18S). These same samples were also analysed by X Ten to allow for a sensitivity comparison of the two methods of the eukaryotic spiked signals (Candida albicans, Plasmodium falciparum and Toxoplasma gondii). In addition, non-spiked placental samples from 50 cases of Fetal Growth Restriction (FGR) (+ matched healthy controls) and 49 cases of Preeclampsia (+ matched healthy controls) and 100 preterm cases were analyzed for their non-human eukaryotic content.

  Dataset EGAD00001004197

• Misoprostol-induced high fever GWAS study

  Genome-wide association (GWAS) meta-analysis study of misoprostol-induced fever was conducted on two South American cohorts (Argentina and Ecuador). DNA was collected from blood of women who were screened for postpartum haemorrhage (PPH) and administered misoprostol were included in the study. Genotypes were acquired from the Global Screening Array (Illumina). Meta-analysis of these cohorts was completed using METAL software.

  Study EGAS00001005455