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• SDH_deficient_renal_tumours___RNA_

  Succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) deficient renal cancers are a rare and understudied subtype of renal cancer. As such they represent an unmet need in kidney cancer research. Here, we seek to describe the genomics and transcriptomics of SDH deficient renal cancers by sequencing five such tumours. We document their mutational burden, define driver mutations, demonstrate typical patterns of structural variants, and estimate the cell of origin and cellular composition.

  Study EGAS00001004103

• Gastric_and_Esophageal_tumour_rearrangement_screen

  Genomic libraries (500 bps) will be generated from total genomic DNA derived from gastric and esophageal tumours and subjected to total of two lanes of 50 bp, paired end sequencing on the llumina HiSeq. Paired reads will be mapped to build 37 of the human reference genome to facilitate the generation of genome wide copy number information, and the identification of novel rearranged cancer genes and gene fusions.

  Study EGAS00001000037

• Cancer_Genome_Project_Exome_Sequencing

  Agilent whole exome hybridisation capture was performed on genomic DNA derived from cancer and matched normal DNA from the same patients. Next Generation sequencing performed on the resulting exome libraries and mapped to build 37 of the human reference genome to facilitate the identification of novel cancer genes. Now we aim to re find and validate the findings of those exome libraries using bespoke pulldown methods and sequencing the products.

  Study EGAS00001000301

• Chondrosarcoma_Validation_Study

  Agilent whole exome hybridisation capture was performed on genomic DNA derived from Chondrosarcoma cancer and matched normal DNA from the same patients. Next Generation sequencing performed on the resulting exome libraries and mapped to build 37 of the human reference genome to facilitate the identification of novel cancer genes. Now we aim to re find and validate the findings of those exome libraries using bespoke pulldown methods and sequencing the products.

  Study EGAS00001000181

• Immunological hallmarks for clinical response to BCG in bladder cancer

  Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is an effective immunotherapy for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). However, recurrence and progression remain frequent warranting deeper insights into its mechanism. We herein comprehensively profiled blood and tissues obtained from NMIBC patients before, during and after BCG treatment using cytometry by time-of-flight (CyTOF) and RNA sequencing to identify the key immune subsets crucial for anti-tumour activity.

  Study EGAS00001004764

• Gut metagenome/FINRISK 2002 (Salosensaari et al. Nature Comms 2021)

  The main goal of the project is the study the associations between the gut metagenome and human health. The dataset contains data for n=7211 FINRISK 2002 participants who underwent fecal sampling. Demultiplexed shallow shotgun metagenomic sequences were quality filtered and adapter trimmed using Atropos (Didion et al., 2017), and human filtered using Bowtie2 (Langmead and Salzberg, 2012).

  Study EGAS00001005020

• Preeclampsia InterPregGen Consortium: Whole Genome Sequencing of 100 unrelated Uzbeks (DNA samples from the Institute of Immunology, Uzbek Academy of Sciences, Tashkent, Uzbekistan; Republic Specialized Scientific Practical Medical Centre of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tashkent, Uzbekistan)

  Whole genome sequencing of 100 unrelated Uzbeks in order to impute genotypes into PE cases and controls from Uzbekistan and to provide genetic data and infrastructure for future genetic studies in Uzbekistan and Central Asia more generally and to fill a gap in worldwide information as Central Asia is not adequately represented in available genomic data. This dataset is one component of the InterPregGen FP7 project. DNA samples for this component were collected by InterPregGen Consortium collaborators in Tashkent, Uzbekistan at the Institute of Immunology, Uzbek Academy of Sciences and at the Republic Specialized Scientific Practical Medical Centre of Obstetrics and Gynecology.

  Dataset EGAD00001005466

• The transcriptomic response of skeletal muscle in life-long high-level trained and untrained men and women after acute exercise

  To investigate the influence of lifelong exercise training on the response of skeletal muscle to a bout of acute exercise we generated global transcriptomic data from long-term endurance (8 men, 8 women) and strength (8 men, 8 women) trained individuals and healthy age-matched untrained controls (8 men, 8 women). Skeletal muscle biopsies were taken from M. vastus lateralis before, directly after, and after 1h and 3hrs following acute exercise. All subjects completed one bout of acute endurance exercise and one bout of acute resistance exercise, separated by 4-8 weeks. All 384 samples were multiplexed in 4 lanes and sequenced (2x250bp paired end) on the Illumina NovaSeq 6000.

  Dataset EGAD00001008663

• Pooled Single-Cell RNA-Seq of iPSC-Derived Neural Stem Cells from ADHD and Control Individuals

  This dataset contains FASTQ files from pooled single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of neural stem cells (NSCs) derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). The iPSCs were reprogrammed using the non-integrative Sendai virus system (CytoTune-iPS 2.0), introducing OCT3/4, SOX2, KLF4, and cMYC. Donor somatic cells included keratinocytes, PBMCs, and lymphoblastoid cell lines from individuals with ADHD and age-matched healthy controls (6–18 years). iPSCs underwent standard quality control, including immunocytochemistry, qRT-PCR, mycoplasma testing, and SNP genotyping. NSCs were produced via neural induction and validated by qRT-PCR and immunostaining for PAX6, SOX2, NESTIN, TUJ1, and FOXG1. Sequencing was performed on the Illumina NovaSeq 6000.

  Dataset EGAD00001015644

• Single cell transcriptomes of of primary tumors and normal endometrial derived organoids treated with DBZ

  Endometrial carcinoma, the most common gynecologic cancer, develops from endometrial epithelium which is composed of secretory and ciliated cells. Pathologic classification is unreliable and there is a need for prognostic tools. We used single cell sequencing to study organoid model systems derived from normal endometrial endometrium to discover novel markers specific for endometrial ciliated or secretory cells. We performed single cell sequencing on endometrial and ovarian tumours, and on organoids both treated with DBZ and normal and found both secretory-like and ciliated-like tumour cells.

  Dataset EGAD00001006280

• Cooperative Study of Sickle Cell Disease (CSSCD)

  The Cooperative Study of Sickle Cell Disease was initiated in 1977 to determine the natural history of sickle cell disease (SCD) from birth to death in order to identify those factors contributing to the morbidity and mortality of the disease. Specific objectives included: 1) to study the effect of sickle cell disease on growth and development from birth through adolescence 2) to study the conditions or events that may be related to the onset of painful crises 3) to obtain data on the nature, duration, and outcome of major complications of SCD 4) determine the nature, prevalence, and age- related incidence of organ damage due to SCD, and 5) study the role of SCD and its interaction with selected health events.Phases 2 and 3 of the study involved followup of the infant cohort. A total of 709 infants (age less than 6 months) were enrolled during Phase 1 of the Cooperative Study of Sickle Cell Disease (CSSCD), and Phases 2 and 3 of the CSSCD was designed to follow these children for an additional 10 years. The study objectives included: 1) define prospectively the natural history of sickle cell disease; 2) determine the relationships between cognitive and academic functioning and brain status as determined by MRI; 3) determine the cognitive or behavioral markers of silent infarct; 4) determine the relationship of family functioning on the Family Environment Scale (FES) to brain status, cognitive functioning, and social and demographic factors; 5) continue studies that will enhance the state of knowledge on the influence of sickle cell disease on the psychosocial adjustment of children and adolescents. Phase 2A of the study sought to examine the progression of organ damage in the heart, lung, kidney, and liver in adult cohort patients (born before 1/1/56) enrolled in phase 1 of the study between 3/79 and 5/81. A total of 620 patients from 11 centers were eligible for phase 2A.Instructions for requesting individual-level data are available on BioData Catalyst at https://biodatacatalyst.nhlbi.nih.gov/resources/data/. Apply for data access in dbGaP. Upon approval, users may begin accessing requested data in BioData Catalyst. For questions about availability, you may contact the BioData Catalyst team at https://biodatacatalyst.nhlbi.nih.gov/contact.

  Study phs002362

• A Case-Controlled Study for Genotype-Phenotype Associations in Multiple Sclerosis (MS)

  This is a multi-centre, case-controlled study to develop a dataset containing 1000 MS cases and 1000 matched controls and to associate DNA sequence (allelic) variations with MS phenotypes. Study subjects were enrolled through a prospective effort initiated in 2003. Three MS clinical centres were involved in subject recruitment and biological specimen collection using identical inclusion/exclusion criteria, two in Europe (Vrije Universiteit Medical Center, Amsterdam; and University Hospital Basel) and one in the US (University of California San Francisco). This study recruited subjects of northern-European ancestry with a diagnosis of MS (McDonald et al., 2001), with dissemination in time and space. Patients with Clinically Isolated Syndromes (CIS) were also included if they fulfilled 3 of the 4 Barkhof criteria for dissemination in space as per application of the McDonald criteria (McDonald et al., 2001). While recruitment predominantly included subjects with a relapsing onset of MS, individuals with all clinical subtypes of the disease participated, including clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), relapsing remitting MS (RRMS), secondary progressive MS (SPMS), primary progressive MS (PPMS), and progressive relapsing MS (PRMS). The control group consisted of unrelated individuals, primarily spouses/partners, friends, and other volunteers. Control subjects were of northern-European ancestry and matched as a group, proportionally with cases according to age (±5 years) and gender. A familial history or current diagnosis of MS as well as a relation to another case or control subject were considered exclusionary for this group. Protocols were approved by the Committees on Human Research at all Institutions and informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to participation in the study. Primary Study Objective:To identify DNA sequence variations (genotype) and flanking sequences that are associated with clinical factors (phenotype) which differ between study subjects with and without MS. Secondary Study Objectives: To develop a clinical dataset including quantitative measures of 1000 well-characterized cases with MS, and 1000 ethnically matched controls. To identify other genotype-phenotype associations in MS study subjects such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures of disease burden and/or severity. To identify or confirm candidate surrogate markers of neurodegeneration using a variety of techniques including biochemical assays, blood transcriptome analysis, plasma proteomics and MRI*. GenotypingGenotyping of the complete dataset was performed at the Illumina facilities using the Sentrix® HumanHap550 BeadChip. *MRI results are not available on dbGaP.

  Study phs000171

• Singapore Adult Metabolism Study - Phase 2 (SAMS2)

  Singapore Adult Metabolism Study - Phase 2 (SAMS2) was an interventional study where hundreds of donors aged 21-45 were recruited to participate in a 16-week weight loss program. Study individuals selected (see below for more detailed selection standards) were sedentary (exercise 1 or fewer times a week), obese or overweight with a body fat mass greater than 24% and a BMI between 23-35 kg/m2. For this study, we adjusted BMI definition for Asian population, based on the WHO Consultation 2002, and the BMI cut-off is 23 kg/m2 for overweight and 27.5 kg/m2 for obese. The weight loss program included a combination of dietary interventions, structured exercise sessions, and additional physical activity performed in participants' own time. Energy and protein requirements were calculated based on each participant's weight, height, and physical activity level, with the goal of achieving a 40% calorie deficit. Participants' calorie intake was tracked using food recalls and questionnaires. Additionally, subjects attended structured exercise sessions at least three times per week, supervised by a coach. Each session consisted of 90 minutes of aerobic and strength training exercises, designed to burn approximately 500 kcal per session. To monitor daily physical activity, participants wore pedometers throughout the study. In total, the exercise sessions (500 kcal per session) and daily physical activity (targeting an additional 500 kcal) were aimed at achieving a total caloric expenditure of 2000 kcal per week. We collected clinical data and skeletal muscle biopsies from 54 overweight/obese Asian individuals before and after a 16-week lifestyle intervention, which resulted in an average ~10% weight loss, accompanied by a ~30% increase in insulin-stimulated glucose uptake. Improvements were observed in 118 of 252 clinical traits and six blood lipids. Transcriptomic analysis of paired skeletal muscle biopsies identified 505 differentially expressed genes enriched in mitochondrial function and insulin sensitivity. Thousands of muscle-specific e/sQTLs were detected pre- and post- intervention, including hundreds of lifestyle-responsive e/sQTLs. Notably, approximately 4.2% of eQTLs and 7.3% of sQTLs showed Asian specificity. Joint analysis with GWAS identified 16 putative metabolic risk genes. Our study reveals gene-by-lifestyle interactions and how lifestyle modulates gene regulation in skeletal muscle.

  Study phs004078

• Exome Sequencing of Alcohol-Associated Hepatitis

  Alcoholic hepatitis (AH) is a clinically severe, acute disease that only afflicts a fraction of patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD). Although recent genomic studies of alcoholic cirrhosis (AC) and steatosis have revealed that several genes of large effect are shared between these disorders, the genetic and environmental sources of variation that lead to AH, AC or alcohol fatty liver disease (AFLD) in some AUD patients remain largely unknown. In order to investigate the genetic determinants of AH, we sequenced a 58 Mb exome target to high genotype accuracy (0.996) and completeness (0.941) in 1,735 patients with AH (N=784) and heavy drinking controls without alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD) (N=951), detecting 1,085,982 unique single nucleotide variants (SNVs). Analysis of common SNPs that comprised 17.5% of those SNVs, we observed exome-wide significant association of PNPLA3 (rs738409-G allele: odds ratio [OR]=1.73, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.44-2.08, p =3.75e-9), as had previously been seen for AH in candidate gene contexts, and as previously observed for PNPLA3 to AC and nonalcohol steatohepatitis in GWAS. Other genes previously implicated in AC did not strongly contribute to AH, and the only prominently implicated (but not exome wide significant) gene overlapping with AUD was ADH1B, also a known liver disease gene. However, SNPs at ICOSLG (Chr 21) and TOX4/RAB2B (Chr 14), were also exome-wide significant and of large effect-size (ICOSLG rs13052840-C allele: OR=1.67, 95% CI: 1.39-2.02, p = 4.59e-8; TOX4/RAB2B rs17516362-C allele: OR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.50-0.74, p=1.25e-7). ICOSLG encodes a co-stimulatory signal for T-cell proliferation and cytokine secretion and induces B-cell proliferation and differentiation, and thus could be tied to the inflammatory component of AH. TOX4 was previously implicated in diabetes and immune system and its linked SNP is a cis eQTL for TOX4 and RAB2B. A polygenic signal was visible on the exome-wide quantile-quantile graph, where there was modest p value inflation (lambda = 1.040). Ranking p values of all 18,705 genes evaluated versus a list of 227 genes objectively precompiled for relationship to liver diseases (via GWAS), we observed a strong (pThe data generated here also represents a resource that can be used cumulatively or meta-analytically with future datasets.

  Study phs003659

• Dissociation of solid tumour tissues with cold active protease for single-cell RNA-seq minimizes conserved collagenase-associated stress responses

  Background Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) is a powerful tool for studying complex biological systems, such as tumour heterogeneity and tissue microenvironments. However, the sources of technical and biological variation in primary solid tumour tissues and patient-derived mouse xenografts for scRNAseq, are not well understood. Here, we used low temperature (6°C) protease and collagenase (37°C) to identify the transcriptional signatures associated with tissue dissociation across a diverse scRNAseq dataset comprising 128,481 cells from patient cancer tissues, patient-derived breast cancer xenografts and cancer cell lines.Results We observe substantial variation in standard quality control (QC) metrics of cell viability across conditions and tissues. From FACS sorted populations gated for cell viability, we identify a sub-population of dead cells that would pass standard data filtering practices, and quantify the extent to which their transcriptomes differ from live cells. We identify a further subpopulation of transcriptomically “dying” cells that exhibit up-regulation of MHC class I transcripts, in contrast with live and fully dead cells. From the contrast between tissue protease dissociation at 37°C or 6°C, we observe that collagenase digestion results in a stress response. We derive a core gene set of 512 heat shock and stress response genes, including FOS and JUN, induced by collagenase (37°C), which are minimized by dissociation with a cold active protease (6°C). While induction of these genes was highly conserved across all cell types, cell type-specific responses to collagenase digestion were observed in patient tissues. We observe that the yield of cancer and non-cancer cell types varies between tissues and dissociation methods.Conclusions The method and conditions of tumour dissociation influence cell yield and transcriptome state and are both tissue and cell type dependent. Interpretation of stress pathway expression differences in cancer single cell studies, including components of surface immune recognition such as MHC class I, may be especially confounded. We define a core set of 512 genes that can assist with identification of such effects in dissociated scRNA-seq experiments.

  Study EGAS00001003753

• Genome_Diversity_in_Africa_Project__Benin

  Globally, human populations show structured genetic diversity as a result of geographical dispersion, selection and drift. Understanding this genetic variation can provide insights into the evolutionary processes that shape both human adaptation and variation in disease. Populations from SSA have the highest levels of genetic diversity. This characteristic, in addition to historical genetic admixture, can lead to complexities in the design of studies assessing the genetic determinants of disease and human variation. However, such studies of African populations are also likely to provide new opportunities to discover novel disease susceptibility loci and variants and refine gene–disease association signals. A systematic assessment of genetic diversity within SSA would facilitate genomic epidemiological studies in the region.The Genome Diversity in Africa Project (GDAP) aims to produce a comprehensive catalogue of human genetic variation in SSA, including single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), structural variants, and haplotypes. This resource will make a substantial contribution to understanding patterns of genetic diversity within and among populations in SSA, as well as providing a global resource to help design, implement and interpret genomic studies in SSA populations and studies comprising globally diverse populations, complementing existing genomic resources. Specifically, we plan to carry out high depth whole genome sequencing of up to 2000 individuals across Africa (25 individuals from each ethnolinguistic group).Our scientific objectives are to: 1) develop a resource that provides a comprehensive catalogue of genetic variation in populations from SSA accessible to the global scientific community; 2) characterise population genetic diversity, structure, gene flow and admixture across SSA; 3) develop a cost-efficient, next-generation genotype array for diverse populations across SSA; and 4) facilitate whole genome-sequencing association studies of complex traits and diseases by developing a reference panel for imputation and resource for enhancing fine-mapping disease susceptibility loci. These scientific objectives will be supported by cross-cutting operational activities, including network and management of the consortium, research ethics, and research capacity building in statistical genetics and bioinformaticsThis data is part of a pre-publication release. For information on the proper use of pre-publication data shared by the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute (including details of any publication moratoria), please see http://www.sanger.ac.uk/datasharing/

  Study EGAS00001001688

• Whole exome sequencing data of patients with resectable esophageal adenocarcinoma treated with neoadjuvant atezolizumab and chemoradiation (PERFECT)

  Whole exome sequencing was performed on matched tumor and normal DNA of patients with resectable esophageal adenocarcinoma that particpated in the PERFECT trial. The PERFECT trial is an open-label, single-arm, multicenter, phase II feasibility study (NCT03087864) investigating the safety and efficacy of atezolizumab, combined with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and subsequent esophagectomy.

  Study EGAS00001006504

• Genetic architecture of disease in Greenland is shaped by demographic history, fine-structure, and selection - WGS data

  This data was generated as part of the project titled "Genetic architecture of disease in Greenland is shaped by demographic history, fine-structure, and selection." The study was carried out to investigate the genetic architecture of the Greenlandic population and the consequences it has for disease mapping, diagnosis and prediction.

  Study EGAS50000000657

• Genetic architecture of disease in Greenland is shaped by demographic history, fine-structure, and selection - MEGA chip data

  This data was generated as part of the project titled "Genetic architecture of disease in Greenland is shaped by demographic history, fine-structure, and selection." The study was carried out to investigate the genetic architecture of the Greenlandic population and the consequences it has for disease mapping, diagnosis and prediction.

  Study EGAS50000000658

• Targeted Illumina sequencing of 3399 plasma cfDNA samples and 1988 leukocyte DNA samples from 1995 metastatic prostate cancer patients

  Blood samples were collected from eight clinical trials and a British Columbia-based biobank. All plasma cfDNA and leukocyte DNA samples were processed with uniform methodology, and underwent targeted sequencing using a custom hybridization capture panel and Illumina instruments. Four different generations of custom hybridization capture panel were used, all providing coverage of the complete coding regions of 72 prostate cancer genes, and later panel generations also providing exhaustive coverage of the AR locus (including introns and flanking regulatory regions), as well as a genome-wide SNP grid for copy number analysis.

  Dataset EGAD50000001594

• Single-cell genotype-to-phenotype (scG2P) data of single nuclei from cell line mixing experiment and six donors

  We developed Single-cell genotype-to-phenotype (scG2P) to profile mutations in driver gene hotspots and capture mRNA targets of interest, validating this assay in a cell line mixing experiment of KYSE-270, KYSE-410, and HCT-116, and applied the assay to esophageal biopsy samples from six donors.

  Study EGAS50000001429

• Reduced H3K27me3 and DNA hypomethylation are major drivers of gene expression in K27M-mutant pediatric high-grade gliomas

  Genome-wide analysis of H3K27me3 occupancy and DNA methylation in K27M-mutant and H3.3-WT primary pediatric high-grade gliomas (pHGGs) as well as pediatric pHGG cell lines. The study aims to elucidate the connection between K27M-induced H3K27me3 reduction and changes in DNA methylation as well as gene expression.

  Study EGAS00001000578

• Collection of Genotypic and Ethnographic Information from Individuals of South African Ethnic Groups

  The hunter-gatherers and pastoralists of South Africa retain the highest genetic diversity of any population. Genetic determinants of light skin pigmentation, reduced stature etc and other basic biomedical phenotypes are unique to samples with Southern African hunter-gatherer and pastoralist ancestry or retain ancestral haplotypes not found in other populations.

  Study EGAS00001004472

• Single-cell RNA sequencing dissects gene-environment interactions on gene expression and regulation in immune cells.

  This study aims to dissect gene-environment interactions on gene expression and regulation in immune cells using scRNA-seq data from 120 donors being stimulated with 3 pathogens, for 2 different timepoints. More specifically, we identified context- and cell-type-specific eQTLs and co-expression QTLs in PBMCs.

  Study EGAS00001005376

• Mutational landscape of high-grade B-cell lymphoma with MYC-, BCL2 and/or BCL6 rearrangements characterized by whole-exome sequencing

  To inform on oncogenic drivers, mutational signatures and perturbed pathways in HGBL-DH/TH in comparison with diffuse large-B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and Burkitt lymphoma (BL), we performed whole-exome sequencing and confirmatory deep panel NGS of 47 clinically annotated cases. Coupled germline DNA was analyzed when available.

  Study EGAS00001005420