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• Adipose Tissue Omics In Obesity

  This project used a multi-omics approach to study the adipose tissue transcriptome in humans with and without obesity. Our human cohort included males and females between the ages of 18-80 who underwent elective abdominal surgery at the University of Michigan and the Ann Arbor Veterans Affairs Healthcare System.Patients with advanced cancer or immuncompromised status were excluded. Visceral adipose tissue (VAT/omental) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT/abdominal wall) were collected from subjects with obesity (BMI>=35) at the beginning of elective surgical procedures, placed on ice, and transported back to the laboratory for immediate processing. For adipose tissue stromal cells (ASC) isolation, adipose tissue was digested with Type II collagenase (2 mg/mL in PBS/2% BSA) at 37oC, 60min, centrifuged at 250 rcf, and the stromal-vascular cell pellet was retrieved, plated overnight, and the adherent cells passaged three times to enrich for ASC, which were then frozen in DMEM/F12, 15% fetal calf serum, and 10% DMSO in liquid nitrogen until use. Single nuclear sequencing was performed on preparations from intact adipose tissue. Bulk RNA sequencing and single cell sequencing were performed on ASC isolated from intact adipose tissue and cultured in 2D and 3D culture systems. We currently apply bulk, single cell, and single nuclear sequencing analyses to these tissues. One component of this project studies single nuclear sequencing in nuclei isolated from intact adipose tissues from human subjects with obesity, focusing on depot comparisons (VAT vs. SAT). This cohort also permits comparisons of adipose tissue transcriptomes between male and female subjects, controlling for age and BMI. Primary findings to date include identification of multiple ASC, adipocyte, and endothelial cell (EC) subpopulations, T-cell, and macrophage (MAC) populations that are in concordance with and expand upon other published datasets. Of two dominant ASC subpopulations, one (inflammatory-mesothelial, IM- ASC) is present in VAT, but absent in SAT, while the other (fibroadipogenic, FA-ASC) is present in both VAT and SAT. We identified multiple EC subtypes with features of lymphatic, venous, and arterial EC, and a PRDM16 expressing population with features of an EC progenitor. Immune cell populations match recent experimental validation of lipid-activated macrophage (LAM) phenotypes, TIM4 macrophages, and a prominent population of MRC1/CD206+ resident AT macrophages with expression signatures related to glucocorticoid activation. These data support depot-specific differences in ASC subpopulations and previously unrecognized EC heterogeneity within human AT, with the potential to shed light on functional differences in AT depot and disease state. Planned future studies include ATAC-Seq and other omics analyses. Another component of this project studies transcriptional responses of ASC in vitro to various stimuli, including different matrix environments. Current data includes bulk RNA Sequencing of human ASC from VAT and SAT differentiated into mature adipocytes in hydrogels of differing stiffness (3%, 5%, 10%) to define transcriptional responses to matrix environments of different stiffness. Primary findings to date include enrichment of adipogenesis and lipid and oxidative metabolic gene pathways in adipocytes in 5% relative to 3% hydrogels, while fibrotic gene pathways have been enriched in 3% hydrogels. These data demonstrate that intermediate density matrix promotes a more adipogenic, less fibrotic adipocyte phenotype geared towards increased lipid and aerobic metabolism. Planned future studies include expansion of intact tissues from our cohort studied with single nuclear sequencing, as well as further study of ASC responses in vitro to different biologic stimuli, including different matrix environments.

  Study phs003390

• ARDSNet 07-08: Randomized, Blinded, Placebo-Controlled, Multi-Center Trial of Omega-3 Fatty Acid, Gamma-Linolenic Acid, and Antioxidants in Acute Lung Injury or ARDS (OMEGA) (ARDSNet-Omega-BioLINCC)

  Data Access NOTE: Please refer to the “Authorized Access” section below for information about how access to the data from this accession differs from many other dbGaP accessions. Biospecimens: Access to Biospecimens is through the NHLBI Biologic Specimen and Data Repository Information Coordinating Center (BioLINCC). Biospecimens from ARDSNet-Omega include bronchial lavage, plasma, urine, and DNA. Please note that use of biospecimens in genetic research is subject to a tiered consent.Objectives: To determine if dietary supplementation of omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids, γ-linolenic acid and antioxidants to participants with acute lung injury would increase ventilator-free days to study day 28.Background: Early acute lung injury (ALI) is characterized by neutrophilic lung inflammation, permeability, and intravascular and alveolar fibrin deposition. The type and inflammatory activity of eicosanoids liberated during inflammation depends on the membrane phospholipid composition: omega 6 (n-6) fatty acid arachidonate yields highly reactive and inflammatory dienoic prostaglandins and series 4 leukotrienes, whereas omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids favor production of less active and potentially anti-inflammatory trienoic prostaglandins and series 5 leukotrienes. Participants at risk of developing ALI have n-3 levels approximately 25% of normal and those with established ALI have n-3 levels as low as 6% of normal, suggesting a potential role for n-3 dietary supplementation in participants with ALI.Three randomized controlled studies, conducted in participants with ALI or sepsis-induced respiratory failure, demonstrated an association between the administration of an enteral formula enriched in n-3 fatty acids, GLA, and antioxidants and improved oxygenation and respiratory physiology compared with an unenriched, high-fat formula. However, interpretation of these results is limited by the small sample sizes and as-treated analyses of only those participants who tolerated full enteral nutrition. Participants: The total number of participants in the study was 272.Design: Participants were stratified by hospital and the presence of shock at baseline and then randomized to receive either twice-daily enteral supplementation of n-3 fatty acids, GLA, and antioxidants (n-3 supplement) or an isocaloric-isovolemic carbohydrate-rich control. Participants were also simultaneously randomized to a separate ongoing trial (the EDEN study) comparing low- vs full-calorie enteral nutrition in a 2×2 factorial design.The n-3 or control supplement was administered enterally as twice-daily boluses of 120 mL beginning within 6 hours of randomization. Dosing continued until the earliest of 21 days, 48 hours of unassisted breathing, or extubation. The energy provided by the boluses supplemented that provided by each primary physician's choice of standard continuous non–n-3-enriched enteral formula. The rate of continuous enteral feeding was managed by a protocol with an algorithm for gastrointestinal intolerances. The supplement was administered even if enteral nutrition was interrupted, as long as the patient was tolerating enteral medications. Conclusions: The study was stopped by the DSMB for futility at the first interim analysis after 143 participants had been randomized to receive the n-3 supplement and 129 to receive the isocaloric control. Despite an 8-fold increase in plasma eicosapentaenoic acid levels, participants receiving the n-3 supplement had fewer ventilator-free days, intensive care unit–free days, and nonpulmonary organ failure-free days.

  Study phs003744

• Asthma in the Lives of Families Today (ALOFT)

  Social interactions and the overall psychosocial environment have a demonstrated impact on health, particularly for people living in disadvantaged urban areas. Here we investigated the effect of psychosocial experiences on gene expression in peripheral blood immune cells of 251 children with asthma in Metro Detroit. Participants were included from an ongoing longitudinal study Asthma in the Lives of Families Today (ALOFT; recruited from November 2010-July 2018. The ALOFT project was established to identify the behavioral and biological pathways through which family social environments impact youth with asthma.In version 1 we used RNA-sequencing and a new machine learning approach to identify transcriptional signatures of 19 variables including psychosocial factors, blood cell composition and asthma symptoms. Using longitudinal data collected from a subset of the participants we showed that transcriptional signatures track the longitudinal changes in measured phenotypes. Importantly, we found 169 genes associated with asthma that are regulated by psychosocial factors, and 344 significant gene-environment interactions for gene expression levels. These results demonstrate that immune gene expression mediates the link between negative psychosocial experiences and asthma risk.In version 2, we focused on pubertal development. We identified substantial gene expression changes associated with age and pubertal development. We showed that genetic effects on gene expression change dynamically during pubertal development. Gene expression changes during puberty are correlated with gene expression changes associated with asthma and may explain sex differences in prevalence. Our results show that molecular data used to study the genetics of early onset diseases should consider pubertal development as an important factor that modifies the transcriptome.Version 3 uses single cell RNA-seq to study the dynamics of the transcriptional response to glucocorticoids in activated Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells from 96 African American children. We employed novel statistical approaches to calculate a mean-independent measure of gene expression variability and a measure of transcriptional response pseudotime. Using these approaches, we demonstrated that glucocorticoids reverse the effects of immune stimulation on both gene expression mean and variability. Our novel measure of gene expression response dynamics, based on the diagonal linear discriminant analysis, separated individual cells by response status on the basis of their transcriptional profiles and allowed us to identify different dynamic patterns of gene expression along the response pseudotime. We identified genetic variants regulating gene expression mean and variability, including treatment-specific effects, and demonstrated widespread genetic regulation of the transcriptional dynamics of the gene expression response.Version 4 adds scATAC-seq in activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from 16 children with asthma with phytohemagglutinin (PHA) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and treated with dexamethasone (DEX), an anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid. We analyzed changes in chromatin accessibility, measured transcription factor motif activity, and identified treatment and cell-type specific transcription factors that drive changes in both gene expression mean and variability. We observed strong positive linear dependence between motif response and their target gene expression changes, but negative in variability changes. This result suggests that an increase of transcription factor binding tightens the variability of gene expression around the mean. We then annotated genetic variants in chromatin accessibility peaks and response motifs followed by computational fine-mapping of eQTL signals from a pediatric asthma cohort. We found that eQTLs were 5-fold enriched in peaks with response motifs and refined the credible set for 410 asthma risk genes, with 191 having the causal variant in response motifs. These results enhance the understanding of molecular mechanisms for asthma risk variants mediated by gene expression.

  Study phs002182

• DAC for study "Single-nucleus brain transcriptomics reveals microglia dysfunction in Multiple System Atrophy"

  Dataset containing snRNA-seq samples from MSA or PD patients, and healthy controls. We aimed at identifying molecular processes at the single cell level that could identify common and/or disease-specific differences between healthy controls and patient groups. Frozen tissue samples from healthy controls, and multiple system atrophy or Parkinson's disease patients were excised and single nuclei were isolated following the 10x Genomics Chromium workflow.

  Dac EGAC50000000809

• Whole genome DNA sequencing for two long-lived humans.

  Two long-lived human samples were sequenced to a mean 20x coverage genome wide. Sequencing was done using the Illumina hi-seq platform, alignment to GRCh37/hg19 reference genome was done using the BWA alignment tool.

  Study EGAS00001000877

• arrayCGH for copy number profiling on tumor DNA from pediatric cancer tissue samples

  This dataset contains arrayCGH (HumanCytoSNP 850k and HumanCytoSNP v12.1) data from tumor DNA samples of various pediatric cancer entities. Files are provided in IDAT format and as text files processed with GenomeStudio 2.0.

  Study EGAS00001005197

• Bulk RNASeq of DLL1 positive or negative cells in two different metastatic colorectal cancer organoids under cetuximab treatment

  Standard Poly-A enriched stranded RNASeq libraries were obtained from DLL1 positive and negative subpopulations on two different mestastatic colorectal cancer organoids under cetuximab treatment. Paired sequencing was performed on a NovaSeq 6000 with 100bp reads aiming at 70M clusters. 8 fastq files have been deposited for the 4 samples.

  Dataset EGAD50000002555

• 10X single-cell Multiome (RNA+ATAC) of cord blood-derived HSPC

  10X genomics chromium single-cell ATAC+RNA (Multiome) was use to prepare single-nucleus RNA- and ATAC-seq libraries, sequenced on an Illumina NovaSeq 6000 platform. BAM files are provided. Samples from 4 donors were sequenced after sorting for primitive HSPCs in 2 libraries, each with cells from 1 male and 1 female CB.

  Dataset EGAD50000002327

• ALS-FTD brain motor cortex single-nucleus RNA-seq of NeuN+ nuclei sorted for TDP-43 low vs. high

  A dataset of single-nucleus RNA-seq data of nuclei from the post-mortem human primary motor cortex from patients with ALS-FTD. The nuclei were sorted by flow cytomotetry into NeuN+ (neuronal) TDP-43 low vs. TDP-43 high fractions.

  Dataset EGAD50000002243

• Single-cell DNA sequencing dataset of aplastic anemia and RCC (31 samples)

  This dataset contains raw single-cell DNA sequencing data generated from 31 patients with aplastic anemia using the Mission Bio Tapestri platform. Libraries were prepared with a targeted DNA amplicon panel and sequenced on an Illumina platform. These raw data capture single-cell variant profiles and clonal architecture and serve as the basis for downstream analysis of somatic mutations and clonal hematopoiesis.

  Dataset EGAD50000002189

• MOSAIC Window Glioblastoma Data

  This dataset will include Spatial Transcriptomics, Single-Cell RNA-Seq, Bulk RNA-Seq, Clinical data, WES, and H&E data from 10 Glioblastoma (GBM) Cancer patients. Researchers from private or public institutions outside the MOSAIC Consortium will be able to apply to access this data and, pending approval, use the data for their research.

  Dataset EGAD50000001352

• Total RNAseq data from 8 patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer

  For this dataset we performed total RNAseq on blood samples from 8 patients with muscle invasive bladder cancer. The data consists of 8 sets of paired fastq files with accompanying UMI fastq files. Sequenced on the Illumina NoveSeq6000 platform using S2 flow cells (v1.5,2x150 cycles), with a mean yield of 313 million reads.

  Dataset EGAD50000001380

• ATAC-seq for 2 samples

  This dataset contains ATACseq data from ta primary sample and a patient derived model (PDX) of the novel FOXF1/FENDRR ALL subtype. All the 2 samples are in bam file type.

  Dataset EGAD50000001791

• RNA-seq for 8 samples

  This dataset contains RNA-seq data from 8 acute leukemia cases (diagnosis or relapse) belonging to a newly identified subtype, termed FOXF1/FENDRR ALL. All the 8 samples are in bam file type.

  Dataset EGAD50000001789

• 10x Genomics scRNA-seq for 3 samples

  This dataset contains 10x Genomics single-cell RNA-seq data from two primary leukemia samples and their corresponding patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. All the 3 samples are in bam file type.

  Dataset EGAD50000001788

• Bulk RNA-sequencing data from five lines of human iPSC-derived (hiPSC-derived) astrocytes, both alone and in co-culture with neurons, to define the molecular response of astrocytes to misfolded alpha-synuclein.

  Samples were derived from five lines of human iPSC-derived (hiPSC-derived) astrocytes, both alone and in co-culture with neurons +/- alpha-synuclein oligomer treatment. Paired-end FASTQ files for each of the samples are provided.

  Dataset EGAD50000001109

• WES IDC samples

  PDX samples of breast cancer IDC mouse models created from patient tumor material of the NKI. Genomescan prepared the samples according to the procedure for Hybridization Capture using the Agilent SureSelectXT Human All Exon V7 kit. The prepared libraries were sequenced with Illumina sequencing technology. The samples are in fastq format and consist of the following PDX samples: IDC001, IDC125, IDC147, IDC200, IDC233, IDC244, IDC251, IDC272, IDC278, IDC281 and ILC120.

  Dataset EGAD50000001148

• Dataset for WGS and RNA samples of acute myeloid leukemia with MNX1 expression

  This dataset contains 10 samples of WGS, ATAC, 4C and RNAseq samples of patients with acute myeloid leukemia. The sequencing was performed on Illumina HiSeq 4000, 2000 and HiSeq X using Illumina TruSeq Nano DNA and Agilent Strand Specific RNA Kits. The sequencing was always paired.

  Dataset EGAD50000001098

• Dataset for Multiple Myeloma RNA data

  This dataset contains 371 case and control RNA sequencing samples of patients with multiple myeloma. Sequencing was performed on Illumina NovaSeq 6000 and HiSeq X, HiSeq 4000 and HiSeq 2000 using TruSeq Stranded RNA and TruSeq Stranded total mRNA Kits. The sequencing was always paired.

  Dataset EGAD50000000683

• mRNA-Sequencing of 73 primary multiple myeloma (MM) samples and human MM cell lines

  mRNA-Sequencing of 73 primary multiple myeloma (MM) samples and human MM cell lines before and after siRNA-mediated knockdown of ADAM8 (n=5 cell lines), ADAM9 (n=7 cell lines) and ADAM15 (n=5 cell lines). Paired-end sequencing was performed on a NovaSeq (Illumina). Fastq and bam files are provided for each sample.

  Dataset EGAD50000000575

• NSCLC ctDNA multigenic panel

  We analyzed cfDNA plasma samples of subjects with non-small cell lung cancer: treatment naïve (n=24) and prior-treated (n=8). Driver variants for 11 genes was available with Oncomine Lung cfDNA Assay, were assessed by Next-Generation Sequecing. Sequencing data were pre-processed in Ion S5 Torrent Server and aligned to the hg19 human reference genome. Variant calls were performed by IonReporter 5.10 software.

  Dataset EGAD50000000908

• Dataset for desmoplastic small round cell tumor - RNA

  This dataset contains 32 RNA sequencing samples of patients with desmoplastic small round cell tumor. Sequencing was performed on Illumina HiSeq 2500, Illumina HiSeq 4000, Illumina HiSeq X and NovaSeq 6000 using Illumina TruSeq RNA and TruSeq Stranded RNA Kit. The sequencing was always paired.

  Dataset EGAD50000000912

• CRC cell line ChIP-seq

  ChIP-Seq data for CTCF, H3K4me1, H3K4me3, H3K27ac, H3K27me3, H3K36me3 in C32, CL11, HT29, SW403, SW480, SW948 MSS CRC cell lines

  Dataset EGAD50000000295

• Exome sequencing of samples for Corvin_Dublin_BipEx

  This research project was a collaboration between Trinity College Dublin, Ireland and the Stanley Center at the Broad Institute. In this project we sequenced and analyzed the whole exomes of 191 Bipolar case/control samples from collaborators in Ireland. Genomic DNA from each sample was sequenced to a mean depth of 20x. The project used Illumina WXS sequencing of DNA and the file type is cram.

  Dataset EGAD50000000392

• DNA sequening

  The dataset consist of DNA and RNA sequencing results and metadata of the samples. All sample numbers starting with 6716 are tumor samples which has been sequenced using WES (see BAM files). It concerns biopsies of metastatic lesions from patients with BRAFV600 mutated melanoma, obtained before, during and after the study treatment (see samples metadata) and in some cases blood for germline mutation analysis. Sequencing is performed using the Illumina Novaseq 6000 system.

  Dataset EGAD50000000382

• Suspected Lynch syndrome dataset

  This dataset comprises a genomic and a phenotypic excel sheet displaying 137 cases classified as suspected Lynch syndrome. Included are genotypic data such as tumour mutational burden, tumour mutational signatures and germline/somatic variant calls for each colorectal, endometrial or sebaceous skin tumour screened. Genomic data is derived from targeted multigene panel sequencing including ~300 hereditary cancer genes.

  Dataset EGAD50000000031

• H3Africa AWIGEN Pilot MetaboChip

  Pilot study on the interplay between genetic, epigenetic, and environmental risk factors for obesity and related cardiometabolic diseases with 973 samples from South Africa genotyped on Illumina Human MetaboChip array.

  Dataset EGAD00010001258

• Sequencing data for oesophageal and related samples - BOs release 5 (RNA)

  Dataset EGAD00001005385

• Mutation analysis in human iPS cells

  PCR products were obtained from each target loci using genomic DNA from human iPS cells. Subsequently, PCR products are pooled and subjected to Illumina library preparation. The library will be sequenced by MiSeq. This data is part of a pre-publication release. For information on the proper use of pre-publication data shared by the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute (including details of any publication moratoria), please see http://www.sanger.ac.uk/datasharing/

  Dataset EGAD00001000357

• Genome Denmark Phase II - alignments

  Alignment of Genome Denmark Phase II dataset to GRCh38. The dataset consists of 150 Danish individuals (50 trios) sequenced to 80X. The BAM-file contains data from multiple libraries created from one individual with libraries of 180, 500, 800, 2000, 5000, 10000 and 20000 bp. The libraries were created using standard Illumina protocols for paired end reads (180-800bp libraries) and mate pair libraries (2kb-20kb).

  Dataset EGAD00001003157

• ICGC PCAWG Dataset: PACA-AU_PCAWG_RNA-Seq_Star

  ICGC PCAWG Dataset for RNA-Seq BAM aligned using Star. Project: PACA-AU.

  Dataset EGAD00001003410

• ICGC PCAWG Dataset: PACA-AU_PCAWG_RNA-Seq_TopHat2

  ICGC PCAWG Dataset for RNA-Seq BAM aligned using TopHat2. Project: PACA-AU.

  Dataset EGAD00001003411

• ICGC PCAWG Dataset: OV-AU_PCAWG_RNA-Seq_Star

  ICGC PCAWG Dataset for RNA-Seq BAM aligned using Star. Project: OV-AU.

  Dataset EGAD00001003415

• ICGC PCAWG Dataset: OV-AU_PCAWG_RNA-Seq_TopHat2

  ICGC PCAWG Dataset for RNA-Seq BAM aligned using TopHat2. Project: OV-AU.

  Dataset EGAD00001003416

• Radiotherapy induced Sarcoma exome (2017-05-17)

  Whole exome library making will be performed on genomic DNA derived from radiotherapy induced sarcoma samples and matched normal DNA from the same patients. Next Generation sequencing will be performed on the resulting libraries and mapped to build 37 of the human reference genome to facilitate the identification of mutations This dataset contains all the data available for this study on 2017-05-17.

  Dataset EGAD00001003339

• Genomic Profiling of Advanced Pancreatic Cancer to inform therapy - RNA-Seq unmapped reads

  Genomics-Driven Precision Medicine for Advanced Pancreatic Cancer - Early Results from the COMPASS Trial - RNA-Seq unmapped reads

  Dataset EGAD00001003582

• Genomic Profiling of Advanced Pancreatic Cancer to inform therapy - RNA-Seq mapped reads

  Genomics-Driven Precision Medicine for Advanced Pancreatic Cancer - Early Results from the COMPASS Trial - RNA-Seq mapped reads

  Dataset EGAD00001003584

• Whole exome analysis of adult type ovarian granulosa cell tumors

  Whole exome data from tumor/normal pairs for adult type ovarian granulosa cell tumor sequencing project. This data set contains 24 tumor whome exomes and 20 matched normal whole exomes generated using the Agilent V4 exome hybrid capture platform, with sequencing performed on an Illumina HiSeq 2000. This dataset contains BAM files generated by aligning paired-end reads to the hg19 reference genome.

  Dataset EGAD00001003961

• Cholangiocarcinoma whole genome sequencing data 12 samples

  This dataset contains whole genome sequencing FASTQ data for 12 cholangiocarcinoma tumor samples, and their matched normal samples. These 12 samples are in addition to 59 samples available in dataset EGAD00001001988, and consist of patients from Thailand, Romania, and Singapore. Paired-end sequencing data was generated by Illumina Hiseq 2000 and 2500, with insert sizes of 170 and 350.

  Dataset EGAD00001003834

• Ewing's Sarcoma RNA-Seq

  28 Pretreated Ewing sarcoma tumor blood samples were collected from the Hospital for Sick Children (SickKids) and Mount Sinai Hospital in Toronto, Canada in accordance with each institution’s Research Ethical Board (REB) guidelines. Detailed clinical information (age at presentation, gender, tumor site, stage, etc.) were obtained from the corresponding institutional tumor banks. Transcriptome (RNA-Seq) sequencing was performed using established protocols on Illumina instruments.

  Dataset EGAD00001004188

• 48 EXOMES FAMILIAL MYELOID LEUKEMIA (QMUL)

  Whole exome sequencing (WES) libraries were prepared from 200ng of genomic DNA using the Agilent SureSelect XT Target Enrichment System for Illumina Paired-End Multiplexed Sequencing Library coupled with the Agilent SureSelect XT Human all exon v6 capture reagent. Libraries were sequenced on a NextSeq 550 sequencer using the High output 300 cycles kit generating 150bp paired end single-indexed reads. Alignment against b37 using Novoalign (version 3.02.08).

  Dataset EGAD00001004539

• Sequencing data for ICGC Oesophageal Adenocarcinoma tissue samples - 100_all_samples

  All samples from the "100" project

  Dataset EGAD00001001457

• ATAC-SEQ MAIN - PHASE 1

  This is a study to test ATAC-seq protocols. CD4+ and CD8+ cells have been obtained from three different anatomical compartments. We aim to assay open-chromatin regions across these cells and perform comparative analyses.This data is part of a pre-publication release. For information on the proper use of pre-publication data shared by the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute (including details of any publication moratoria), please see http://www.sanger.ac.uk/datasharing/

  Dataset EGAD00001001320

• RNA seq data (56 cases) for study EGAS00001001394

  Part of RNA sequencing data of Malignant Lymphoma Study (ICGC)

  Dataset EGAD00001001672

• WGS seq data (56 tumor/control pairs) for study EGAS00001001394

  Part of WGS seq data of Maligant Lymphoma study (ICGC)

  Dataset EGAD00001001673

• Sequence Data for Paper: Epigenetic reprogramming during differentiation of human CD4+ T lymphocytes into memory stages

  Sequence Data of total RNA, miRNA, WGB, mRNA, NOMe, Chip (H3K27ac,H3K27me, H3K36me3, H3K4me1, H3K4me3, H3K9me3, Input) Short Desrciption: Epigenetic profiling of human CD4+ memory T cells reveals their proliferative history and argues in favor of a progressive differentiation model driven by epigenetically controlled master regulators.

  Dataset EGAD00001001865

• RNA-seq transcriptome of bronchial brush samples from COPD and control

  Human subjects (COPD patients or apparently healthy controls) where investigated by bronchoscopy and a 5 mm brush was used to sample the subsegment airways of the right lung. The material obtained mainly consist of bronchial epithelial cells plus some contamination with leukocytes. For further details see Ziegler-Heitbrock et al, European Respiratory Journal, 40:823-829, 2012.

  Dataset EGAD00001002003

• ICGC PCAWG Dataset: LICA-FR_PCAWG_WGS_BWA

  ICGC PCAWG Dataset for WGS BAM aligned using BWA MEM. Project: LICA-FR.

  Dataset EGAD00001002016

• ICGC PCAWG Dataset: LAML-KR_PCAWG_WGS_BWA

  ICGC PCAWG Dataset for WGS BAM aligned using BWA MEM. Project: LAML-KR.

  Dataset EGAD00001002119

• ICGC PCAWG Dataset: BTCA-SG_PCAWG_WGS_BWA

  ICGC PCAWG Dataset for WGS BAM aligned using BWA MEM. Project: BTCA-SG.

  Dataset EGAD00001002121

• ICGC PCAWG Dataset: BRCA-UK_PCAWG_WGS_BWA

  ICGC PCAWG Dataset for WGS BAM aligned using BWA MEM. Project: BRCA-UK.

  Dataset EGAD00001002122

• The Chinese University of Hong Kong Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia Data

  The dataset contains the whole genome sequencing data of a family with two unaffected parents and two probands that showed Hereditary spastic paraplegias symptoms. Sequencing reads were aligned to human genome (GRCh38) using BWA-MEM, followed by indel-realignment and PCR-duplicates marking. Alignment results are available for download in BAM format.

  Dataset EGAD00001002146

• RNA expression profiling of melanoma patient-derived xenograft

  Patient-derived xenografts (n=96) were derived from metastatic melanoma patients. RNA expression profiling will be preformed to study 1. HLA-typing and 2. the effect of the tumour microenvironment on tumour growth This data is part of a pre-publication release. For information on the proper use of pre-publication data shared by the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute (including details of any publication moratoria), please see http://www.sanger.ac.uk/datasharing/

  Dataset EGAD00001002230

• ICGC PCAWG Dataset: LINC-JP_PCAWG_WGS_BWA

  ICGC PCAWG Dataset for WGS BAM aligned using BWA MEM. Project: LINC-JP.

  Dataset EGAD00001002662

• ICGC PCAWG Dataset: CMDI-UK_PCAWG_WGS_BWA

  ICGC PCAWG Dataset for WGS BAM aligned using BWA MEM. Project: CMDI-UK.

  Dataset EGAD00001002664

• Bam files from whole exome sequencing (WES)from multiple laser microdissected regions from tumor and paired biopsies from metastatic lesions.

  In this study we characterized genomic alterations in three bladder cancer patients with metastatic disease courses. Multiple regions were procured by laser microdissection or punctures from primary tumor, lymph node metastases and from distant metastases. Data provided here consist of 35 Bam files for WES (32 Tumors and 2 blood, 1 adjacent normal)

  Dataset EGAD00001002772

• WGS

  Whole Genome sequencing. 1 ug of genomic DNA from each lymph node sample was used for the construction of a TruSeq DNA PCR Free (350) library before sequencing in a Illumina HiSeq X Ten (2 × 151 bp). Mean coverage 30x.

  Dataset EGAD00001005423

• GATCI whole genome germline variants

  Sequence data in fastq format was aligned to the GRCh38 reference genome with BWA-MEM and preprocessed with GATK for indel realignment and base quality score recalibration. Aligned sequence was analyzed with GATK HaplotypeCaller to generate germline variant calls. Variant calls are in VCF format. In total, there are 60 tumour samples from 38 patients, all with matched normal. Further details can be found in the vcf headers

  Dataset EGAD00001005817

• GATCI whole genome somatic variants (SomaticSniper)

  Sequence data in fastq format was aligned to the GRCh38 reference genome with BWA-MEM and preprocessed with GATK for indel realignment and base quality score recalibration. Aligned sequence was analyzed with SomaticSniper to generate somatic variant calls. Variant calls are in VCF format. In total, there are 60 tumour samples from 38 patients, all with matched normal. Further details can be found in the vcf headers

  Dataset EGAD00001005818

• GATCI whole genome somatic variants (MuTect)

  Sequence data in fastq format was aligned to the GRCh38 reference genome with BWA-MEM and preprocessed with GATK for indel realignment and base quality score recalibration. Aligned sequence was analyzed with MuTect to generate somatic variant calls. Variant calls are in VCF format. In total, there are 60 tumour samples from 38 patients, all with matched normal. Further details can be found in the vcf headers.

  Dataset EGAD00001005822

• scRNA primaries

  Single cell RNA-seq for primary samples

  Dataset EGAD00001006135

• scWGS chordblood

  Single cell WGS (low pass) for chord blood samples

  Dataset EGAD00001006136

• scWGS PDX

  Single cell WGS (low pass) for PT1-derived PDX samples

  Dataset EGAD00001006137

• scWGS primaries

  Single cell WGS (low pass) for primary samples

  Dataset EGAD00001006138

• Mate Pair Sequencing data for Molecular Characterization of ETMRs

  This dataset contains Mate Pair Sequencing data from 15 samples from 13 patients. Mate pair DNA library preparation was carried out using the Illumina MP v.2 reagents and protocol. In brief, fragmentation of genomic DNA was performed using a Hydroshear device to an insert size of 4.5 kb followed by sequencing with Illumina HiSeq 2000 instruments resulting in 30 Fastq files (paired end).

  Dataset EGAD00001006207

• PCCRC versus prevalent CRC

  To analyse genome wide DNA copy number changes in combination with mutation status of CRC-related genes, CIMP and MSI, in order to explore the biology of PCCRCs. Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples from 122 PCCRCs and 98 prevalent CRCs collected in 3 different hospitals in the region of South Limburg, the Netherlands, were used in this study. DNA was extracted for molecular analysis. Labels have been updated.

  Dataset EGAD00001006987

• NIHR BioResource Rare Diseases WGS project - Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM) Rare Disease domain (VCF data)

  Short read whole genome sequencing (WGS) VCF files for the NIHR BioResource Rare Diseases WGS project – Participants from the Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM) Rare Disease domain

  Dataset EGAD00001007885

• RData

  The file data.RData contains data objects needed to run the .rmd template that generates the manuscript's figures. These include ExpressionSets for the training and test sets, module content and annotations, PCA results, the lasso58 signature with coefficients, and Foundation Medicine CDKN2A copy-number alteration data.

  Dataset EGAD00001007585

• Genomic data of acute myeloid leukemia cases for integration with metabolomic analyses

  Whole exome sequencing (WES) data of paired (germline and leukemic) samples of 100 adult patients affected by acute myeloid leukemia. Targeted sequencing data of myeloid-related genes of 21 leukemia (not paired) samples from adult patients affected by acute myeloid leukemia.

  Dataset EGAD00001007941

• Transcript read counts derived from RNA sequencing data collected for NABUCCO cohort 1 (NCT03387761)

  Data from NABUCCO cohort 1 (NCT03387761). This dataset includes the Transcript read counts derived from the RNA sequencing data. The samples are pre-treatment (n=18) and post-treatment (n=18), and not all samples are paired. The data processing pipeline can be found on the Methods section from the Nature Medicine paper (https://doi.org/10.1038/s41591-020-1085-z)

  Dataset EGAD00001006854

• Salivary Gland Cancer TSO500 dataset

  DNA was extracted from archival tissue of 119 patients with various SGC subtypes and sequenced using a targeted NGS panel encompassing 523 cancer related genes (TruSight Oncology 500, TSO500). This dataset belongs to the publication entitled: 'Identification of fusion genes and targets for genetically matched therapies in a large cohort of salivary gland cancer patients'.

  Dataset EGAD00001008759

• Epigenome of sorted human muscle stem cell

  This dataset contain RNA-seq, ChIP-seq, WGBS and ATAC-seq of 1 human muscle stem cell sample. NCAM+ITGB1+ CD31−CD45−CD34− were used as the sorting strategy for the sample. H3K27ac, H3K27me3, H3K4me1, H3K4me3, H3K36me3 and H3K9me3 are the targets of ChIP-seq.

  Dataset EGAD00001008686

• Dataset for upper_gastrointestinal_tumor-WHOLE_GENOME

  Rare cancer sequencing data of 28 runs in tumor/control pairs, which were uploaded to umbrella studies. The sequencing was always paired

  Dataset EGAD00001008901

• Illumina RNA-Seq paired of 10 different tumor samples from the Master program (H021)

  Fastq files of paired RNA-Seq of 10 different tumor samples, for which Nanopore and Illumina sequencing was compared. Illumina sequencing was carried out with HiSeq4000 or HiSeq X-Ten using the Illumina TruSeq stranded mRNA Kit.

  Dataset EGAD00001008971

• Exome sequencing of lung tissue conducted in SMC

  The data includes exome sequencing FASTQ files of 335 patients receiving immune checkpoint blockade therapy. The data only provides for WXS of tumor tissue.

  Dataset EGAD00001009101

• Epigenomic analysis of human dopaminergic neuron differentiation reveals LBX1, NHLH1 and NR2F1/2 as necessary for lineage specification

  Sample information: The 56 samples produced in this project come from the human iPSC line GM17602 (Coriell) where a tyrosine hydroxylase-T2A-mCherry reporter was inserted. A combination of epigenetic analysis (ATAC/ChIP) along transcriptomics.

  Dataset EGAD00001009288

• ctDNA whole exome genome sequencing dataset

  Dataset contains all available exome sequencing paired-end fastq files from our study "A generalizable machine learning framework for classifying DNA repair defects using ctDNA exomes"

  Dataset EGAD00001010069

• Dataset_for_linked_WES_and_WGS_data_from_EGAS00001004813 which belong also to EGAS00001005537 for germline controls of rare cancers

  WES/WGS sequencing data of 37 germline runs, which were uploaded to umbrella studies. The sequencing was always paired. The WGS sequencing was on HiSeq X Ten using the Illumina TruSeq DNA Nano Kit. The WES Sequencing was on HiSeq4000 with Agilent Sureselect V5+UTR.

  Dataset EGAD00001010046

• 47 urothelial cancer patients WES and 38 RNAseq

  We performed a global mutational landscape analysis using tumor samples from the 47 urothelial cancer patients included in MATCH-R or MOSCATO studies, with advanced metastatic disease and WES available (RNAseq is included for 38 patient samples).

  Dataset EGAD00001011063

• Single-cell RNA-Seq (Chromium Next GEM Single Cell 3' Reagent Kits v3.1 from 10X Genomics )

  Human data for transcriptome (scRNA-Seq) in CD34+ B cell precursors.

  Dataset EGAD00001010907

• MSC_busulfan_small_intestine_organoids

  This dataset represent the RNA-seq, which was done on untreated small intestinal organoids; small intestinal organoids treated with chemotherapeutic, busulfan; untreated small intestinal organoids co-cultured wth mesenchymak stromal/stem cells (MSCs; busulfan treated small intestinal organoids co-cultured with MSCs. The same set of samples was done for 3 different primary bone marrow MSC donors.

  Dataset EGAD00001011176

• DNA and RNAseq of serial biopsies from 75 DLBCL patients

  This data set includes serial biopsies from 75 patients with DLBCL. Tumour tissue was preserved either in FFPE or frozen. Each biopsy was sequenced with either whole genome or exome. A custom targeted sequencing data set is available to match most whole genome samples. RNAseq data were available for a subset of biopsies.

  Dataset EGAD00001011816

• WGS dataset for Unraveling mutagenic processes influencing the tumor mutational patterns of individuals with Constitutional Mismatch Repair Deficiency

  Molecular characterization of 41 tumors from 17 individuals with CMMRD to gain a better understandig of mutational processes driving subsequent tumor development. The molecular characterization includes the investigation of tumor mutational load and mutational signatures.

  Dataset EGAD00001015157

• Exome Atlas in HCC tumors

  The atlas provides a comprehensive exploration of genetic and transcriptomic landscapes within HCC, offering insights into key genomic alterations and gene expression patterns. The integration of exome sequencing and RNAseq data enhances our understanding of the molecular complexity underlying HCC, potentially paving the way for targeted therapeutic strategies and biomarker discovery in the context of hepatocellular carcinoma.

  Dataset EGAD00001015342

• STAMPEED: Whole Genome Association Analysis of Hematopoietic Cell Transplant (HCT) Outcomes

  This retrospective cohort study was designed to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are associated with complications after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Validated discoveries provide information to improve risk assessment, counseling and treatment planning and to direct future mechanistic studies of the genes and pathways that influence outcomes, thereby providing insight and rationale for new targeted therapies. The study was conducted with the use of 3 different approaches. (1) We used GWAS discovery and replication analyses to identify SNPs variants associated with outcomes after HCT. (2) We tested SNP alleles in HLA-matched sibling donors and recipients to determine whether mismatching in the recipient is associated with graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) or the risk of recurrent malignancy after HCT. Such associations would suggest that the peptide encoded by the SNP allele functions as a minor histocompatibility antigen. (3) We performed in silico candidate SNP studies to determine the validity of previously published results showing associations with outcomes after HCT. The study population represents a large cohort from the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and consists of 4,471 recipients and 4,628 donors containing 4,258 recipient-donor pairs. Recipients suffered from a hematologic malignancy or myelodysplastic syndrome and were treated in a highly structured clinical research environment with comprehensive monitoring and systematic data recording. We used proportional hazards analyses to test for associations with acute and chronic GVHD, acute kidney injury, gram-negative bacteremia, invasive fungal disease, CMV infection and disease, recurrent malignancy, death not attributable to recurrent malignancy, and death after recurrent or progressive malignancy.

  Study phs001918

• Angelman, Rett, Prader-Willi Syndromes Consortium (ARP) Angelman Syndrome Natural History Protocol

  This study is a longitudinal multidisciplinary investigation on the natural history, morbidity and mortality of Angelman Syndrome (AS). We will collect detailed longitudinal data on a cohort of AS individuals to gain a better understanding of the disease progression, and to follow the natural history of the clinical features of this cohort including assessment of quality of life and longevity. The participants to be recruited for the study will include 1) patients who have a documented molecular diagnosis of AS and 2) patients with a clear clinical diagnosis of Angelman Syndrome as determined by the Principal Investigator (PI) and the Co-investigators in this study but who do not have a known molecular defect. One of the goals of the natural history study will be to characterize the phenotypic differences between patients with Class I deletions and those with Class II deletions, particularly with respect to the issue of autism. A blood sample may be collected on the participants in order to create a DNA repository, and in some cases, to establish cell lines if further material is required for molecular studies. Alternatively, DNA may be obtained by buccal mucosa swabs/brushing. In those AS patients with known deletions involving the 15q11-q13 regions, a blood sample will be collected to perform comparative genome hybridization (CGH) microarray studies to characterize the extent of the deletion. No drugs or treatments will be administered through this protocol. In rare instances, a skin biopsy to establish a fibroblast cell line may be requested (using separate consent).

  Study phs000576

• A Single Cell Transcriptomic Analysis of Human Neocortical Development

  Defining the number, proportion, or lineage of distinct cell types in the developing human brain is an important goal of modern brain research. We produced single cell transcriptomic profiles for 40,000 cells at mid-gestation to define deep expression profiles corresponding to all known major cell types at this developmental period and compare this with bulk tissue profiles. We identified multiple transcription factors (TFs) and co-factors expressed in specific cell types, including multiple new cell-type-specific relationships, providing an unprecedented resource for understanding human neocortical development and evolution. This includes the first single-cell characterization of human subplate neurons and subtypes of developing glutamatergic and GABAergic neurons. We also used these data to deconvolute single cell regulatory networks that connect regulatory elements and transcriptional drivers to single cell gene expression programs in the developing CNS. We characterized major developmental trajectories that tie cell cycle progression with early cell fate decisions during early neurogenesis. Remarkably, we found that differentiation occurs on a transcriptomic continuum, so that differentiating cells not only express the few key TFs that drive cell fates, but express broad, mixed cell-type transcriptomes prior to telophase. Finally, we mapped neuropsychiatric disease genes to specific cell types, implicating dysregulation of specific cell types in ASD, ID, and epilepsy, as the mechanistic underpinnings of several neurodevelopmental disorders. Together these results provide an extensive catalog of cell types in human neocortex and extend our understanding of early cortical development, human brain evolution and the cellular basis of neuropsychiatric disease.

  Study phs001836

• Somatic Genome Dynamics of Barrett's Esophagus Patients with Non-Cancer and Cancer Outcomes

  A case-control study was designed with 80 participants diagnosed with Barrett's Esophagus (BE) selected from a larger case-cohort study (Li et al., 2014, PMID: 24253313) within the Seattle Barrett's Esophagus Program (SBEP) at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center. The study included 40 cases with BE with non-cancer outcomes, "NCO", who did not progress to esophageal adenocarcinoma (EA), and 40 controls who progressed to an endoscopically detected, incident EA (cancer outcome, "CO"). For each patient, two timepoints were evaluated (T1 and T2). NCO were matched to CO based on age at T1 (T1=first endoscopy with sufficient sample availability), and time between T1 and T2 (T2 in CO=time of diagnosis of incident EA). In 10 NCO, a third time point (T3), a mean of 13.2 years after T1, was also sequenced. Mapped endoscopic biopsies, at 1/3 and 2/3 annotated distances from the gastroesophageal junction within the Barrett's segment, were sampled per patient at each timepoint. Each biopsy was purified to separate BE epithelium from stroma, and DNA was extracted from purified epithelium for 60X WGS and 2.5M SNP array; normal control blood (N=62) or normal gastric sample (N=18) were analyzed by 30X WGS and 2.5M SNP array. An additional seven normal gastric biopsy samples in seven patients with normal control blood were also sequenced at 60X as controls. All research participants contributing clinical data and esophageal samples to this study provided written informed consent, subject to oversight by the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center IRB Committee D (Reg ID 5619).

  Study phs001912

• SLCO1B1 Variants and Methotrexate Clearance

  Methotrexate plasma concentration is related to its clinical effects. To identify the genetic basis of interindividual variability in methotrexate pharmacokinetics in children with newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), we performed a genome-wide analysis (GWAS) of 500,568 germline single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 434 children with ALL who received 3,014 courses of methotrexate at 2 to 5 g/m2. SNPs were validated in an independent cohort of 206 patients. Adjusting for age, race, sex, and methotrexate regimen, the most significant associations were with SNPs in the organic anion transporter polypeptide, SLCO1B1 (rs11045879 (P = 1.7 x 10-10) and rs4149081 (P = 1.7 x 10-9) (Trevino et al, PMID: 19901119). To test whether rare variants in SLCO1B1 could alter its function, we genotyped SLCO1B1 exons in a slightly larger group of 699 children with ALL who received methotrexate and identified 93 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). We found several common and rare non-synonymous (NS) SNPs associated with methotrexate clearance. NS SNPs predicted to be functionally damaging (common or rare) were more likely to be found among patients with the lowest adjusted methotrexate clearance (lowest 10%) than patients with high clearance (highest 10%). Four SLCO1B1 haplotypes were associated with reduced methotrexate clearance and we verified that these haplotypes have lower function with in vitro transport assays. We were able to quantitatively account for a third of the population variability in clearance of methotrexate with clinical and genetic covariates. This data set includes the dependent variable of methotrexate clearance and all of the SNP data available from arrays, sequencing, and genotyping.

  Study phs000426

• Investigation of the Causal Etiology in a Patient with T-B+NK+ Immunodeficiency

  We describe a male proband with normal B lymphocyte and natural killer (NK) cell numbers, but who had T lymphopenia beginning at 1 week of age. His peripheral blood contained very few T cell receptor excision circles (TREC), suggesting impaired thymic T cell development. He received an allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell marrow transplant, but despite engraftment, it did not fully correct the T lymphopenia. Sequencing excluded known immunodeficiency genes; however, whole exome sequencing revealed X-linked inheritance by the male proband of a missense mutation in MED14 (MED14V763A), a component of the mediator complex. Functional screening of the MED14V763A variant in zebrafish suggested that MED14 is essential for normal development, since morpholino (MO)-mediated loss of MED14 function attenuated T cell development, but it was rescued by ectopic expression of the wild type human MED14 but not by the MED14V763A variant. This defect in T cell repopulation is consistent with the incomplete T cell reconstitution observed upon transplantation of the proband with bone marrow from his healthy male sibling, who was found to have the same MED14V763A variant. However, the brother was normal, indicating that the altered MED14 could not by itself explain the disease. WES also revealed a mutation in the L1 cell adhesion molecule (L1CAMQ498H); however, introducing that mutation in vivo in mice did not disrupt T cell development. Consequently, the immunodeficiency in the patient is not fully elucidated. It is possible that MED14 contributes, but it is also possible that another gene is fully responsible for the disease.

  Study phs002990

• Common Variation in Candidate Genes in the Diabetes Prevention Program

  The Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) was a multicenter controlled clinical trial examining the efficacy of an intensive lifestyle intervention or metformin to prevent or delay the development of diabetes in a population selected to be at high risk due to the presence of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and obesity. Development of diabetes, defined by 1997 American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria, was the primary outcome while cardiovascular disease and its risk factors were important secondary outcomes. The pharmacological intervention was double blinded and placebo controlled. After randomization, participants had quarterly clinical evaluations and had, in addition, a fasting plasma glucose at semi-annual visits and a 75 gram oral glucose tolerance test at annual visits. Volunteers were recruited from populations known to be at particularly high risk for impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes including the following: persons with a family history of NIDDM, the elderly, overweight individuals, women with a history of diabetes during pregnancy ("gestational diabetes"), and minority populations including African Americans, Hispanic Americans, Asian and Pacific Island Americans, and Native Americans. The primary focus of the genetic investigations have been on candidate genes, including candidates derived from GWAS of diabetes, lipid and glycemia-related phenotypes. Please note more phenotype data for the DPPG cohort is available through the NIDDK Data Repository. Information on obtaining this phenotype data can be found by going to https://www.niddkrepository.org/studies/dppos/?query=DPP and https://www.niddkrepository.org/studies/dpp/?query=DPP. Data will need to be requested from both data sets. A linking file will be available to the NIDDK Data Repository.

  Study phs000681

• Strabismus, CCDD and other anomalies

  Strabismus is one of the most common ophthalmological diseases affecting our population. It has many detrimental effects for affected individuals, including functional visual loss from amblyopia, secondary psychosocial difficulties, and limited employment opportunities. Strabismus also imposes a significant economical burden on society from the cost of screening programs, surgical correction, and lost productivity. Congenital incomitant strabismus is a broad term that encompasses congenital ocular motility disorders with restricted movement in one or more directions of gaze, and includes various forms of Duane's retraction syndrome, horizontal gaze palsy, congenital fibrosis of extraocular muscles, and Moebius syndrome. Incomitant strabismus together with a group of related disorders such as congenital ptosis and congenital facial palsy have been collectively redefined as congenital cranial dysinnervation disorders (CCDDs). This redefinition stemmed from previous studies in the Engle lab showing that these disorders can be caused by mutations in genes encoding transcription factors critical to ocular cranial motor neuron development and by genes that encode proteins essential to the proper growth and guidance of developing axons. Thus, while these disorders account for only a small percent of strabismus, understanding their genetic etiology has led to our ability to provide genetic testing and counseling, and has provided the first insights into the molecular etiologies of strabismus. While the Engle lab has identified all seven CCDD genes published to date, our cohort still includes >100 familial CCDD pedigrees that are mutation-negative. We continue to utilize co-segregation analysis and whole exome or whole genome sequencing technologies to identify new disease genes in this mutation-negative cohort.

  Study phs000478

• Stand Up To Cancer East Coast Prostate Cancer Research Group

  Most prostate cancer deaths are caused by metastatic, castration resistant disease (mCRPC). To develop a precision medicine framework for mCRPC, we established a multi-institutional, international clinical sequencing infrastructure to enroll and carry out prospective whole exome and transcriptome sequencing of tumors from a cohort of mCRPC patients. We obtained high quality DNA and RNA sequence data from 150 bone or soft tissue biopsies. Central pathology revealed high-grade adenocarcinoma with only four cases (3.6%) showing neuroendocrine differentiation. Aberrations of AR, ETS genes, TP53 and PTEN were frequent (40-60% of cases), with TP53 and AR alterations being the most enriched in mCRPC compared to primary prostate cancer. We identified novel genomic alterations in PIK3CA/B (fusions and mutations); R-spondin, BRAF and RAF1 (fusions); APC (inactivating mutations); delta-catenin (missense mutations); and ZBTB16/PLZF (homozygous deletions). Aberrations of BRCA2, BRCA1 and ATM were observed at substantially higher frequencies (19.3% overall) than seen in primary prostate cancers, with 56% of these being exclusively somatic. Putative driver gene alterations were identified in nearly all patients, and over half also harbored driver gene fusions, homozygous deletions and/or amplifications. Moreover, 89% of patients harbored a clinically actionable aberration including 62.7% with aberrations in AR, 65% in other cancer-related genes, and 8% with actionable pathogenic germline alterations. Overall, integrative clinical sequencing analysis can be safely and efficiently performed in mCRPC, yields findings that may be actionable for enrolling patients in clinical trials of targeted therapies, and may inform the basis of individual clinical responses.

  Study phs000915

• Genetics of Mammographic Density in Ashkenazi Jews

  Mammographic density (MD) is a strong risk factor for breast cancer and is also a highly heritable trait with ~60-70% of the variance due to genetic factors, based on twin studies. MD is also higher in families with a strong history of breast cancer. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS), which focus on common genetic variants, have identified several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with MD. However, these SNPs explain a very small fraction of the variance of MD, suggesting many other genes are involved. Thus, the vast majority of the heritability of mammographic density remains unexplained and may be explained, at least in part, by rare variants. Ashkenazi Jewish women are a founder population; founder populations frequently have alleles affecting phenotypes which may be unique and/or extremely rare in other populations. Prior reports have identified an association between higher mammographic density and Ashkenazi Jewish ancestry. Therefore, we developed a study of mammographic density in AJ women. We combined datasets from several different cohorts including (a) the California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute (b) the Athena Breast Health Cohort and (c) the Marin Women's study. In each study, we identified women who reported AJ ancestry (determined by self-report or by genetic analysis). We identified mammograms by linking the women to the San Francisco Mammography Registry. We retrieved digital mammographic results and used software to infer volumetric density and percent volumetric density for each woman. We then performed genome-wide genotyping of the samples using the Illumina MEGA array.

  Study phs001857

• Decoding Human Heart Morphogenesis through Single-cell Multi-modal Analyses

  The heart, which is the first organ to develop, is highly dependent on its form to function. However, how diverse cardiac cell types spatially coordinate to create complex morphological structures critical for heart function remains to be elucidated. Here, we show that integration of single cell RNA-sequencing with high-resolution multiplexed error-robust fluorescent in situ hybridization (MERFISH) not only resolves the identity of cardiac cell types developing the human heart but also provides a spatial mapping of individual cells that enables illumination of their organization into cellular communities forming distinct cardiac structures. We discovered that many of these cardiac cell types further specified into subpopulations exclusive to specific communities, supporting their specialization according to cellular ecosystem and anatomic region. In particular, ventricular cardiomyocyte subpopulations displayed an unexpected complex laminar organization across the ventricular wall and formed, with other cell subpopulations, several cellular communities. Interrogating cell-cell interactions within these communities revealed signaling pathways orchestrating the spatial organization of cardiac cell subpopulations during ventricular wall morphogenesis. In vivo conditional genetic mouse models and in vitro human pluripotent stem cell studies confirmed an intricate multicellular PLXN-SEMA crosstalk among specific ventricular cardiomyocyte, fibroblast and endothelial cell subpopulations that directs the compaction of the ventricular wall layers. Thus, these detailed findings into the cellular social interactions and specialization of cardiac cell types constructing and remodeling the human heart offer new insights into structural heart diseases as well as engineering complex multi-cellular tissues for human heart repair. Reprinted from Farah et al. (In press), with permission from Nature.

  Study phs002031

• Genetics of Mood Disorders: Aging and Emotion Regulation Brain Circuitry in Bipolar

  This single-site study is designed to investigate age-related changes in structure and function of a ventral prefrontal cortex (VPFC) neural system, that subserves emotion processing and regulation, during mid to later adulthood in individuals with bipolar disorder (BD), compared to healthy controls (HC). It is a 5-year study of age-related changes in mood, emotion regulation and related symptoms and behaviors using multimodality imaging measures [structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of gray matter, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) of white matter, and functional MRI measures of functional connectivity and of brain responses during implicit and explicit emotion regulation] comparing BD and HC groups ages 40-79 years, 50% female; a subgroup will be reassessed and rescanned after 2 years to study brain and associated behavioral changes over time. We will explore relationships between brain aging with risk factors implicated in progression. This will include genes, as well as adverse outcomes of progression such as suicide ideation and behavior. As there has been little study of effects of aging of the VPFC emotional circuitry in healthy individuals, findings could provide new insights into brain circuitry and emotional regulation in older adults. In addition to the importance of contributing to understanding BD, as BD is unique in having both elevated and depressive episodes, its study can provide a model for understanding progressive emotion dysregulation to both intervention and prevention that can be better targeted specifically for older individuals with BD. A de-identified blood sample will be sent to the Repository and Genomics Resource.

  Study phs001631

• Global Endometrial DNA Methylation Analysis Reveals Insights into mQTL Regulation and Associated Endometriosis Disease Risk and Endometrial Function

  Endometriosis is a common gynecological disorder affecting 11% of reproductive aged women and is a leading cause of pain and infertility. We investigated global DNA methylation (DNAm) profiles in endometrium associated with endometriosis, menstruation, and genetic variation. Endometrial samples were collected from 984 patients with confirmed endometriosis (n=637) and women without endometriosis (n=347). Patients were recruited through the University of California San Francisco, USA, University of Melbourne, Australia, Endometriosis CaRe Centre in Oxford, UK, and EXPPECT Centre, The University of Edinburgh, UK, using the World Endometriosis Research Foundation Endometriosis Phenome and Biobanking Harmonization Project (WERF EPHect) standardized protocols for tissue collection and processing, and participant characteristics and clinical annotation. DNA was extracted from samples and was use to generate DNAm data using the Illumina Infinium MethylationEPIC Beadchip and genotype data using the Axiom Precision Medicine Research array. Estimates from this study suggest that 15.4% of the variation in endometriosis is captured by DNAm. DNAm analysis identified significant differences in DNAm profiles and DNAm networks, associated with endometriosis, endometriosis sub-phenotypes, and menstrual cycle phases. Integration of DNAm and genetic data in a DNAm quantitative trait locus (mQTL) analysis identified 118,185 independent cis-mQTLs including 51 associated with risk of endometriosis highlighting target genes contributing to disease risk. This study identified novel factors affecting epigenetic regulation in endometrium associated with endometriosis risk and disease heterogeneity and provides an important data resource for reproductive medicine. Genotype data generated as part of this study are available on dbGaP and methylation data are available on GEO.

  Study phs003307

• Single Chromatin Fiber Profiling in the Human Brain

  We developed a human postmortem brain-applicable ‘Fiber-seq' protocol for genome-scale, PCR-free single molecule sequencing of on average 8-10kb long chromatin fibers, to map nucleosome positioning and nucleosome-depleted regions which include, for example, active promoters and enhancers. We generated two Fiber-seq reference sets, one from sorted non-neuronal NeuN- prefrontal cortex (PFC) nuclei from a 32 year old female donor, with total of 11,143,795 reads/fibers, and median of 30-fold genomic coverage. The other reference set was generated on sorted prefrontal NeuN+ neurons, from two 24 year old brain donors (1 female/1 male), with a combined total read/fiber count of 4,749,556 and median of 20-fold genomic coverage. Each of the peaks in the Fiber-seq libraries seq signal correlated with the ATAC peak levels in the neuronal and non-neuronal ATAC-seq libraries, respectively (promoters, clusters 1, 3; NeuN+, r = 0.574; NeuN-, r=0.683, PHowever, Fiber-seq detected 19,978 highly significant peaks which, while showing some non-significant/near-background ATAC-Seq alignments, lacked a corresponding site-specific enrichment in conventional short-read ATAC- and ChIP-seq datasets. However, 60% of these peaks were in repetitive DNA elements. Therefore, long read single chromatin fiber sequencing, which exceed the base pair length of conventional short-read libraries by two orders of magnitude, could capture many actively regulated repeat elements at the site of specific gene loci, that otherwise would remain unmappable by conventional ATAC-, and histone- ChiP-seq.

  Study phs003771

• Epigenetic Control of Topoisomerase 1 by MacroH2A1.1

  DNA transactions introduce torsional constraints that pose an inherent risk to genome integrity. While topoisomerase 1 (TOP1) activity is essential for removing DNA supercoiling, aberrant stabilization of TOP1:DNA cleavage complexes (TOP1ccs) can result in cytotoxic single-stranded DNA lesions (SSLs). What protects the genome from aberrant TOP1 activity remains unknown. Using a combination of CUT&RUN and TOP1 Covalent Adduct Detection (CAD) Seq in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells (American Type Culture Collection, ATCC), we identified chromatin context as an essential means to ensure TOP1cc resolution at TOP1 hot spots. Through its ability to bind poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR), a protein modification required for TOP1cc repair, the histone variant macroH2A1.1 establishes a TOP1-permissive chromatin environment, while the alternatively spliced macroH2A1.2 isoform is unable to bind PAR or protect from TOP1ccs. MacroH2A1 isoform-specific analyses were based on reconstitution of macroH2A1.1 knockout cells with wild-type or PAR binding-deficient FLAG-tagged macroH2A1.1 in human breast cancer cells. Mechanistically, we find that macroH2A1.1 facilitates the recruitment of the TOP1cc repair factor XRCC1 in response to both endogenous and drug-induced topological stress. Impaired macroH2A1.1 splicing, a frequent cancer feature, was predictive of increased sensitivity to TOP1 poisons in a pharmaco-genomic screen in breast cancer cells, and macroH2A1.1 inactivation mirrored this effect in breast and ovarian cancer cells. Consistent with this, low macroH2A1.1 expression correlated with improved survival in cancer patients treated with TOP1 inhibitors (TOP1i). We propose that macroH2A1 alternative splicing serves as an epigenetic modulator of TOP1-associated genome maintenance and a potential cancer vulnerability.

  Study phs003729

• Frequent post-treatment monitoring of colorectal cancer using individualized ctDNA validated by multi-regional molecular profiling

  Purpose: Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) analysis has been proposed as an approach for prediction of post-treatment patient outcomes. However, whether a single platform will provide optimal information in all patients or alternatively a patient-specific monitoring approach based on assessment of mutations in the primary tumor from that patient remains an urgent question. Experimental Design: We conducted multiregional sequencing of 42 specimens of 14 colorectal tumors (Stage III and more) from 12 patients, including two double cancer cases, to identify the full spectrum of mutational heterogeneity and identify aberrations that could be used to develop personalized ctDNA assays. Results: ?Founder? mutations that occur in all regions of the sample were identified in 12/14 (85.7%) tumors. Subsequent phylogenetic analysis of each tumor showed that 12/14 tumors (85.7%) carried at least one ?truncal? mutation. Most founder and truncal mutations exhibited higher variant allele frequency (VAF) than ?non-founder? and ?branch? mutations. In addition, both founder and truncal mutations were more likely to be detected as ctDNA than non-founder and branch mutations. Synchronized ctDNA dynamics of multiple mutations suggested those mutations from the same clonal origin. For 10/12 patients (83.3%) with nearly 1,000 days of post-operative observation, the validity of frequent personalized ctDNA monitoring was confirmed in terms of early relapse prediction, treatment efficacy, and non-relapse corroboration. Conclusions: Personalized ctDNA monitoring based on aberrations with a high VAF in the primary tumor site should be explored in larger prospective clinical trials to determine the full clinical validity.

  Study JGAS000243