22938 results for "ega"

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• Clinical activity and molecular correlates of response to atezolizumab alone or in combination with bevacizumab versus sunitinib in renal cell carcinoma

  We examined pre-treatment tumors from participants of the IMmotion150 trial. Biomarker analyses indicate that high angiogenesis gene expression was associated with improved PFS within the sunitinib arm, and high T-effector/IFNγ response (Teff) gene expression with longer PFS in atezolizumab + bevacizumab vs sunitinib patients. In high Teff tumors, concomitant high myeloid inflammation was associated with worse PFS in the atezolizumab monotherapy arm; adding bevacizumab to atezolizumab in this subgroup improved PFS vs atezolizumab. Molecular profiles suggest that prediction of outcomes with VEGF inhibitors and immunotherapy may be possible in mRCC, and bevacizumab may overcome myeloid inflammation-associated atezolizumab resistance.

  Study EGAS00001002928

• Cell motility and migration as determinants of stem cell efficacy

  Limited stem cell migration capacities and undirected homing hamper their therapeutic efficacy. We report here the novel technology to isolate stem cell subpopulations with high migration potential. Hereby, we identified podoplanin-dependent stem cell mobility as important mechanism for their in vivo homing capacities and therapeutic efficacy as validated in preclinical models of Alzheimer´s disease and mouse glioma. In vivo applications of highly migrating stem cells resulted in remarkable improvement of targeted homing and engraftment rates. Moreover, animals receiving highly migrating stem cells showed higher recovery rates compared to unselected stem cells. This novel technology provides useful tool to improve therapeutic efficacy of stem cells and give insights into stem cell subpopulations heterogeneity with the potential of general applicability for cellular therapies.

  Study EGAS00001002478

• Genome-wide DNA methylation profiles of NSCLC xenograft and primary lung tissues for the identification of epigenetic predictive biomarkers.

  Non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) are the most common cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide and primarily treated with platinum-based drugs like cisplatin and carboplatin, radiation and surgery. The major challenge in the management of NSCLC are intrinsic or acquired resistance mechanisms with only few published molecular markers which can predict the outcome of the patients. On the other side, changes in DNA methylation are observed in nearly all cancer types making them suitable as biomarker. Here genome-wide methylation profiles from MeDIP-Seq and gene expression profiling data of 22 primary NSCLC, adjacent normal tissue and PDX samples are provided. For each PDX tumor growth rates were measured in absence or presence of chemotherapy.

  Study EGAS00001002479

• Comprehensive genetic analysis of uveal melanoma heterogeneity during metastatic progression

  Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in adults. Despite improvement of diagnosis and treatment of the primary tumor, there is no effective treatment of metastatic disease and approximately half of patients will die within one year or less following metastases detection. Tumor heterogeneity has been proposed as a key factor of drug resistance. However, it has been scarcely studied in UM. The present project aims searching for specific drivers of the metastatic progression, describing the genomic and transcriptomic landscape of metastatic UM, exploring tumor heterogeneity and investigating its role in drug resistance. Thus whole exome sequencing and transcriptomics have been performed on constitutional, primary tumor and metastatic samples from 28 UM patients.

  Study EGAS00001002761

• The 3D evolution of glioma cell populations

  Study description: A detailed understanding of heterogeneity in solid tumors has been limited due to insufficient sampling and a lack of knowledge from where within the tumor the sample was taken from. We present here a novel resource - the 3D Glioma Atlas - in which we record the precise, three-dimensional (3D) coordinate for each of 8-20 spatially-distinct samples obtained from each patient tumor.By revealing how genetic alterations and tumor cell states are patterned in glioma in 3D space, our Atlas shows that genetic diversity is more regionally confined in indolent as compared to aggressive tumors, that recurrent tumors have a greater density of genetic diversity, and that more aggressive tumors have greater tumor-wide transcriptomic heterogeneity.

  Study EGAS00001003710

• RNA-seq of cultured human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells from umblical cord blood in cytokine-rich ex vivo culture conditions following sphingolipid modulation

  To elucidate the biological pathways altered by sphingolipid modulation with N-(4-hydroxyphenyl) retinamide (4HPR) treatment in human HSPC that may contribute to the restraint in proliferation while promoting persistence of HSC self-renewal as well as determine the mechanism of synergy in enhancement of HSC self-renewal with CB CD34+ agonists UM171 and StemRegenin 1 (SR1), we performed RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) of 3 pools of lin-CB cells following 2 or 4 days with DMSO, 4HPR, UM171+SR1 or 3-Factor (4HPR+UM171+SR1). We identified modulation of sphingolipid metabolism regulates self-renewal through activating coordinated stress pathways that coalesce on endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy programs.

  Study EGAS00001003756

• Mitochondrial DNA sequencing of iPSC, parental cells, and iPSC derived cardiomyocytes

  The aim of this work was to analyze to which extent mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variants in human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) originate from their parental cells or from de novo mutagenesis, and whether dynamics in variant heteroplasmy levels during prolonged expansion culture of iPSC are caused by inter- or intra-cellular selection or genetic drift. Hence, mtDNA of 26 early passage iPSC clones from, in total, 10 donors and the corresponding parental cell populations (here endothelial cells) were sequenced. Furthermore, 7 iPSC clones were expanded up to passage 50 and the change in variant heteroplasmy levels was monitored. Lastly, the effect of differentiation on the variant heteroplasmy levels was investigated during directed cardiomyocyte differentiation of 4 iPSC clones.

  Study EGAS00001005560

• A dataset compiled as a resource a for orthogonal assessment of exon CNV calling in NGS data

  The dataset includes high-quality sequencing data from a targeted NGS assay (the TruSight Cancer Panel) together with Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification (MLPA) results for 96 independent samples. 66 samples contain at least one validated exon CNV and 30 samples have validated negative results for exon CNVs in 26 genes. The dataset includes 46 exon CNVs in BRCA1, BRCA2, TP53, MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, PMS2, EPCAM and PTEN, giving excellent representation of the cancer predisposition genes most frequently tested in clinical practice. Moreover, the validated exon CNVs include 25 single exon CNVs the most difficult exon CNV to detect. The full dataset includes FASTQ files, target BED file, and MLPA results.

  Study EGAS00001002428

• Sampling of multi-centric lower grade glioma influences management and provides insight into gliomagenesis

  Rare multicentric lower-grade gliomas (LGG) represent a unique opportunity to study the heterogeneity between distinct tumor foci in a single patient, and to infer their origins and parallel patterns of evolution. In this study, we integrate clinical features, histology and immunohistochemistry for 4 patients with multicentric LGG, arising both synchronously and metachronously. For 3 patients we analyze the phylogeny of the lesions using exome sequencing, including one case with a total of 8 samples from the two lesions. We show that each tumor in multicentric LGG cases may arise independently or may diverge very early in their development, presenting as genetically and histologically distinct tumors suggesting that comprehensive sampling of these lesions can significantly alter diagnosis and management.

  Study EGAS00001002495

• Genomic and immune profiling of pre-invasive lung adenocarcinoma

  Adenocarcinoma in situ and minimally invasive adenocarcinoma are the pre-invasive forms of lung adenocarcinoma. The genomic and immune profiles of these lesions are poorly understood. Here we report exome and transcriptome sequencing of 98 lung adenocarcinoma precursor lesions and 99 invasive adenocarcinomas. We have identified EGFR, RBM10, BRAF, ERBB2, TP53, KRAS, MAP2K1 and MET as significantly mutated genes in the pre/minimally invasive group. Classes of genome alterations that increase in frequency during the progression to malignancy are revealed. These include mutations in TP53, arm-level copy number alterations, and HLA loss of heterozygosity. Immune infiltration is correlated with copy number alterations of chromosome arm 6p, suggesting a link between arm-level events and the tumor immune environment.

  Study EGAS00001004006

• Targeted next-generation sequencing detects novel gene-phenotype associations and expands the mutational spectrum in cardiomyopathie

  Cardiomyopathies are a heterogeneous group of primary diseases of the myocardium,including hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), andarrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC), with higher morbidity andmortality. These diseases are genetically diverse and associated with rare mutations ina large number of genes, many of which overlap among the phenotypes. To betterinvestigate the genetic overlap between these three phenotypes and to identify newgenotype-phenotype correlations, we designed a custom gene panel consisting of 115genes known to be associated with cardiomyopathic phenotypes and channelopathies.A cohort of 38 unrelated patients, 16 affected by DCM, 14 by HCM and 8 by ARVC,was recruited for the study on the basis of more severe phenotypes and family historyof cardiomyopathy and/or sudden death.

  Study EGAS00001002506

• Neuroblastoma tumor heterogeneity and cell plasticity (from patients)

  Two cell identities, noradrenergic and mesenchymal, have been characterized in neuroblastoma cell lines according to their epigenetic landscapes relying on specific core regulatory circuitries of transcription factors. Yet, their relationship and relative contribution in patient tumors remain to be defined. Here, we document a spontaneous plasticity between the noradrenergic and mesenchymal identities in a subset of cell lines. Strikingly, mesenchymal neuroblastoma cells revert to a noradrenergic phenotype in vivo. Consistently, tumor cells with a mesenchymal identity are detected in single-cell transcriptomic analyses of neuroblastoma tumors and PDX models. Our data also highlight neuroblastoma intra-tumor heterogeneity with the co-existence of distinct tumor populations, including sympathoblast-like and chromaffin-like cells suggesting that neuroblastoma cells arise from a common sympatho-adrenal progenitor.

  Study EGAS00001005322

• Mutational_landscape_in_haemochromatosis__WGS_

  Somatic mutation has recently been shown to play a role in disease other than cancer. Driver mutations associated with lipid metabolism and insulin pathway have been identified in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). It is plausible that driver mutations seen in NAFLD are a consequence of selection pressure exerted on hepatocytes in the context of excess fat accumulation. It has not been investigated whether selection pressure and driver landscape varies between chronic liver diseases of different aetiologies. This study aims to investigate mutational landscape in haemochromatosis, which is a disorder caused by a build-up of iron in the liver. We aim to use data generated by whole-genome sequencing of laser-dissected microbiopsies from diseased livers to characterize driver landscape and mutational signatures in haemochromatosis patients.

  Study EGAS00001005157

• Single-cell profiling of the leukemic and non-leukemic immune cell compartments in CD8+ T-cell Large Granular Lymphocytic Leukemia

  We performed a detailed and precise characterisation of the clonally expanded leukemic cells in CD8+ T cell Large Granular Lymphocytic Leukemia (T-LGLL). By combining scRNA+TCRαβ-seq with bulk RNA sequencing data we showed evidence of a strong antigen-driven immune response that shapes the entire immune cell repertoire in T-LGLL. Our study highlights how the whole immune cell repertoire including the hyperexpanded CD8+ T-LGLL cells, the non-leukemic CD8+ cells, CD4+ cells, and monocytes contribute to the CD8+ T-LGLL disease phenotype. Please note that this submission contains the fastq files while the processed count matrices can be found in ArrayExpress by the accession E-MTAB-11170.

  Study EGAS00001005297

• WGS_of_healhy_mesothelial_cells_and_primary_mesothelima_cell_lines

  Mesothelioma is a rare and aggressive cancer associated with previous exposure to asbestos. Currently there are no effective treatments for mesothelioma and majority of patients will die within a year after diagnosis. Although a large number of preclinical and clinical trials assessed the efficacy of various therapuetic modes, none of the tested molecules entered the clinic. Thus, to better understand what drives mesothelioma carcinogenesis and to identify novel targets for therapy, here we aim at performing WGS of heathy mesothelial cells and a panel of mesothelioma cells lines. Primary mesothelial cell lines were established in prof. Marciniak lab from human pleural specimens, while primary mesothelioma cell lines were obtained from MesobanK. Both models constitute low passage cell lines and therefore should closely represent genetics of the original tissue.

  Study EGAS00001005559

• Single-cell proteo-genomic reference maps of the human hematopoietic system

  We have generated high content single-cell proteo-genomic reference maps of human blood and bone marrow that quantitatively link the expression of up to 197 surface markers to cellular identities and biological processes across all major hematopoietic cell types in healthy aging and leukemia. Please note raw and integrated gene expression data, cell type annotation, metadata and dimensionality reduction are available as Seurat v3 objects through figshare. Access links are https://figshare.com/s/0fda29b169c719223ee3 (97 surface marker, 9 individuals dataset), https://figshare.com/s/313b5739ff469dac8c01 (197 surface marker, bone marrow and blood dataset), https://figshare.com/s/901bcddb9ee18e226031 (97 surface markers and whole transcriptome dataset) and https://figshare.com/s/24e10bf129fae1918316 (97 surface marker, 15 AML datasets).

  Study EGAS00001005593

• Prostate Cancer and Normal Adjacent Prostate RNA-seq samples, NGS-ProToCol

  The dataset "Prostate Cancer and Normal Adjacent Prostate RNA-seq samples, NGS-ProToCol" includes 41 Normal Adjacent Prostate and 51 ribo-depleted Prostate Cancer RNA-seq samples. ---- Detection of fusion transcripts and their genomic breakpoints from RNA sequencing data Youri Hoogstrate, Malgorzata A. Komor, René Böttcher, Job van Riet, Harmen J. G. van de Werken, Stef van Lieshout, Ralf Hoffmann, Evert van den Broek, Anne S. Bolijn, Natasja Dits, Daoud Sie, David van der Meer, Floor Pepers, Chris H. Bangma, Geert J. L. H. van Leenders, Marcel Smid, Pim French, John W.M. Martens, Wilbert van Workum, Peter J. van der Spek, Bart Janssen, Eric Caldenhoven, Christian Rausch, Mark de Jong, Andrew P. Stubbs, Gerrit A. Meijer, Remond J.A. Fijneman, Guido Jenster

  Study EGAS00001002816

• Fixation effects on variant-calling in a clinical resequencing panel

  Formalin fixation is the standard method for preservation of tissue for diagnostic purposes, including pathological review and molecular assays. However, this method is known to cause artifacts that can affect the accuracy of molecular genetic tests. We assessed the applicability of alternative fixatives to determine whether these perform significantly better on next-generation sequencing assays, and whether adequate morphology is retained for primary diagnosis, in a prospective study using a clinical-grade laboratory-developed targeted resequencing assay. We examined and quantified several parameters relating to sequencing quality and variant-calling from tumor and normal colon epithelial tissues. We identify one alterative fixative, Sakura Universal Molecular Fixative that suppresses many formalin-related artifacts while retaining adequate morphology for pathological review.

  Study EGAS00001003507

• Understanding_the_multicellular_dynamics_of_clear_cell_renal_cell_carcinoma___DNA_sequencing

  This study will reconstruct the single cellular phylogeny of tumour and immune cells in relation to both genomic, functional, and spatial location. 20 tumours in total will be studied, including non-progressing small renal masses, progressing small renal masses, relatively indolent larger tumours, and high risk tumour with metastatic sampling. We aim to: Generate a focused, comprehensive phylogenetic characterisation of tumour cells Understand the dependencies of the cancer genome, transcriptome, tissue architecture and the single cellular micro-environment Quantify the single cellular composition and functional intra- and inter- tumoural heterogeneity Determine the phylogeny of tumour associated lymphocytes and their relationship to neo-epitopes and the immune microenvironment Investigate the mechanisms by which the tumour-normal interface constrains tumoural growth

  Study EGAS00001003517

• Understanding_the_multicellular_dynamics_of_clear_cell_renal_cell_carcinoma___single_cell_RNA_sequencing

  This study will reconstruct the single cellular phylogeny of tumour and immune cells in relation to both genomic, functional, and spatial location. 20 tumours in total will be studied, including non-progressing small renal masses, progressing small renal masses, relatively indolent larger tumours, and high risk tumour with metastatic sampling. We aim to: Generate a focused, comprehensive phylogenetic characterisation of tumour cells Understand the dependencies of the cancer genome, transcriptome, tissue architecture and the single cellular micro-environment Quantify the single cellular composition and functional intra- and inter- tumoural heterogeneity Determine the phylogeny of tumour associated lymphocytes and their relationship to neo-epitopes and the immune microenvironment Investigate the mechanisms by which the tumour-normal interface constrains tumoural growth

  Study EGAS00001003519

• H3Africa - Respiratory Microbiota of African Children

  Shotgun metagenomic sequencing of nasopharyngeal (NP) samples, from children enrolled in a PCV13-vaccinated South African birth cohort was used to explore strain-level pneumococcal colonization patterns and transmission dynamics, and associated antimicrobial-resistance determinants. NP swabs were collected at two-week intervals from birth through the first year of life from 137 infants. Pneumococcal isolates were serotyped and tested for phenotypic antimicrobial resistance. 196 NP samples from a subset of 23 infants were then selected based on changes in serotype or antimicrobial resistance. DNA was extracted directly from the enriched NP samples and shotgun metagenomic sequencing performed. Reads were assembled and aligned against reference pneumococcal genomes. in silico pneumococcal capsular, multilocus sequence typing, and resistome analyses were performed.

  Study EGAS00001004401

• Pervasive H3K27 acetylation and ERV expression in H3.3K27M gliomas present a therapeutic vulnerability

  High-grade gliomas (HGG) defined by histone 3 K27M driver mutations exhibit global loss of H3K27 trimethylation and reciprocal gain of H3K27 acetylation, respectively shaping repressive and active chromatin landscapes. We generated tumor-derived isogenic models bearing this mutation and show that it leads to pervasive H3K27ac deposition across the genome. In turn, active enhancers and promoters are not created de novo and instead reflect the epigenomic landscape of the cell of origin. H3K27ac is enriched at repeat elements, resulting in their increased expression, which in turn can be further amplified by DNA demethylation and histone deacetylase inhibitors providing an exquisite therapeutic vulnerability. These agents may therefore modulate anti-tumor immune responses as a therapeutic modality for this untreatable disease.

  Study EGAS00001003572

• PCa-LINES

  PCa-LINES: Ribo-minus RNA-seq of 4 patient samples and 2 PCa cell lines ---- Detection of fusion transcripts and their genomic breakpoints from RNA sequencing data Youri Hoogstrate, Malgorzata A. Komor, René Böttcher, Job van Riet, Harmen J. G. van de Werken, Stef van Lieshout, Ralf Hoffmann, Evert van den Broek, Anne S. Bolijn, Natasja Dits, Daoud Sie, David van der Meer, Floor Pepers, Chris H. Bangma, Geert J. L. H. van Leenders, Marcel Smid, Pim French, John W.M. Martens, Wilbert van Workum, Peter J. van der Spek, Bart Janssen, Eric Caldenhoven, Christian Rausch, Mark de Jong, Andrew P. Stubbs, Gerrit A. Meijer, Remond J.A. Fijneman, Guido Jenster bioRxiv 2021.05.17.441778; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.05.17.441778 https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.05.17.441778v1

  Study EGAS00001004613

• 16 Year Life History and Genomic Evolution of an ER+ HER2- Breast Cancer

  We reconstructed the genomic evolution through the sixteen year history of an ER+ HER2- breast cancer patient to investigate molecular mechanisms of disease relapse and treatment resistance after long term exposure to hormonal therapy. Genomic and transcriptomic profiling was performed on primary breast tumor (2002), initial recurrence (2012) and liver metastasis (2015) tumor samples. Cell free DNA analysis was performed at eleven timepoints (2015-2017).This phylogenetic reconstruction of the life history of a single patient's cancer as well as monitoring tumor progression through liquid biopsies with the detection of a resistant clone harboring a de-novo ESR1 E380Q mutation allowed for uncovering the molecular mechanisms leading to initial relapse, metastatic spread and treatment resistance.

  Study EGAS00001004624