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• Botensilimab, an Fc-enhanced Anti-CTLA-4 Antibody, is Effective Against Tumors Poorly Responsive to Conventional Immunotherapy

  This study explores the genomic landscape associated with a novel Fc-engineered anti-CTLA-4 antibody (botensilimab) in advanced solid tumors. We seek to understand if enhancing the Fc-region affinity of anti-CTLA-4 antibodies can improve anti-tumor efficacy and expand clinical benefit to tumors poorly responsive to conventional immunotherapy. As part of an ongoing open-label, Phase 1, multicenter study, we conducted an exploratory sub-analysis of genomics data. The primary study evaluates the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of botensilimab monotherapy and in combination with an anti-PD-1 antibody (balstilimab) in participants with advanced solid tumors. RNA from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor biopsies and matched normal blood samples were isolated and subjected to RNA-sequencing using the Personalis ImmunoID NeXT Platform. We demonstrated that anti-CTLA-4 engineered for enhanced FcγR affinity leverages FcγR-dependent mechanisms to potentiate T cell responsiveness, reduce intratumoral Tregs, and enhance antigen presenting cell activation. This genomic analysis contributes to our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying patient responses to Fc-engineered anti-CTLA-4 therapy and may inform future strategies to expand the clinical benefit of immune checkpoint blockade in cancer immunotherapy.

  Study phs003704

• Fgl2 Regulates FcγRIIB+ CD8+ T Cell Responses during Infection

  While the inhibitory receptor FcγRIIB has been shown to be upregulated on activated CD8+ T cells in both mice and humans, its impact on T cell fate during infection has not been fully elucidated. We identified an increase in FcγRIIB-expressing CD8+ T cells in COVID patients relative to healthy controls, and in mouse models of viral infection. Despite its well-known role as an Fc receptor, FcγRIIB also ligates the immunosuppressive cytokine Fgl2, resulting in CD8+ T cell apoptosis. Both chronic LCMV infection in mice and COVID in humans resulted in a significant increase in plasma Fgl2. Further, plasma Fgl2 was directly proportional to CD8+ T cell lymphopenia in COVID patients. To further understand the association of Fgl2 and CD8+ T cell lymphopenia following COVID infection, we assessed the transcriptomic profiles of PBMCs with high (≥ 9.153 ng/ml) vs low (defined as

  Study phs003870

• Data Access Committee KCL FC

  Dac EGAC00001000386

• MCF10A 12h IL6 classical signaling

  Gene expression after cell culture, 12h IL6+sgp130-Fc stimulated

  Dataset EGAD00010001970

• MCF10A 24h IL6 classical signaling

  Gene expression after cell culture, 24h IL6+sgp130-Fc stimulated

  Dataset EGAD00010001963

• Anti-TIGIT antibody tiragolumab improves PD-L1 blockade via myeloid and Treg cells

  Tiragolumab, an anti-TIGIT antibody with an active IgG1/kappa Fc, demonstrated improved outcomes in the phase 2 CITYSCAPE trial (NCT03563716) when combined with atezolizumab (anti-PD-L1) versus atezolizumab alone1. However, there remains little consensus on the mechanism(s) of response with this combination2. We found that high baseline intratumoral macrophages and Tregs were associated with better outcomes in patients treated with atezolizumab plus tiragolumab but not with atezolizumab alone. Serum sample analysis revealed that macrophage activation was associated with clinical benefit in patients receiving the combination treatment. In mouse tumor models, tiragolumab surrogate antibodies inflamed tumor-associated macrophages, monocytes, and dendritic cells through Fc gamma receptors (FcɣR), in turn driving anti-tumor CD8+ T cells from an exhausted effector-like state to a more memory-like one. These results uncover a mechanism of action by which TIGIT checkpoint inhibitors can remodel immunosuppressive tumor microenvironments, and suggest that FcɣR engagement is an important consideration in anti-TIGIT antibody development.

  Study EGAS50000000251

• High titers and low fucosylation of early phase anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG promote hyper-inflammation by alveolar macrophages

  We show that early phase anti-Spike IgG in serum of critically ill COVID-19 patients induces hyper-inflammatory responses by human alveolar macrophages. We identified that this excessive inflammatory response is dependent on two antibody features that are specific for severe COVID-19. First, inflammation is driven by high titers of anti-Spike IgG, a hallmark of severe disease. Second, we found that anti-Spike IgG from severely ill patients is intrinsically more pro-inflammatory because of different glycosylation of the Fc tail, particularly by low fucosylation. This dataset is linked with the following ArrayExpress Experiment: E-MTAB-10431 - 2020_COVID19_FCGR_MIL10_IgGfucosylation

  Study EGAS00001005206

• Characterization of a human iPSC-derived endocrine pancreas model

  Directed differentiation of stem cells offers a scalable solution to the need for human cell models recapitulating islet biology and T2D pathogenesis. We profiled mRNA expression at six stages of an induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) model of endocrine pancreas development from two donors, and characterized the distinct transcriptomic profiles associated with each stage. Established regulators of endodermal lineage commitment, such as SOX17 (log2 fold change [FC] compared to iPSCs=14.2, p-value=4.9x10-5) and the pancreatic agenesis gene GATA6 (log2 FC=12.1, p-value=8.6x10-5), showed transcriptional variation consistent with their known developmental roles. However, these analyses highlighted many other genes with stage-specific expression patterns, some of which may be novel drivers or markers of islet development. For example, the leptin receptor gene, LEPR, was most highly expressed in published data from in vivo-matured cells compared to our endocrine pancreas-like cells (log2 FC=5.5, p-value=2.0x10-12), suggesting a role for the leptin pathway in the maturation process. Endocrine pancreas-like cells showed significant stage-selective expression of adult islet genes, including INS, ABCC8, and GLP1R, and enrichment of relevant GO-terms (e.g. "insulin secretion"; odds ratio=4.2, p-value=1.9x10-3): however, principal component analysis indicated that in vitro-differentiated cells were more immature than adult islets. Integration of the stage-specific expression information with genetic data from T2D genome-wide association studies revealed that 46 of 82 T2D-associated loci harbor genes present in at least one developmental stage, facilitating refinement of potential effector transcripts. Together, these data show that expression profiling in an iPSC islet development model can further understanding of islet biology and T2D pathogenesis.

  Study EGAS00001001803

• A Dose Escalation Study of Efmarodocokin Alfa (UTTR1147A) in Healthy Volunteers and Patients with Ulcerative Colitis

  Background: The interleukin-22 cytokine (IL-22) has demonstrated efficacy in nonclinical colitis models with a non-immunosuppressive mechanism-of-action. Efmarodocokin alfa (UTTR1147A) is a fusion protein agonist that links IL-22 to the crystallizable fragment (Fc) of human immunoglobulin (IgG4) for improved pharmacokinetic characteristics, but with a mutation to minimize Fc effector functions. Methods: This randomized, phase 1b study evaluated the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of repeat intravenous dosing of efmarodocokin alfa in healthy volunteers (HVs; n=32) and patients with ulcerative colitis (UC; n=24) at 30–90 µg/kg doses given biweekly (Q2W) or monthly (Q4W) (6:2 active:placebo per cohort). Results: The most common adverse events (AEs) were on-target dermatological effects (dry skin, erythema, and pruritus) that were reversible. Dose-limiting non-serious dermatological AEs (severe dry skin, erythema, exfoliation, and discomfort) were seen in two HVs and one patient at 90 ug/kg Q2W. Pharmacokinetics were generally dose-proportional across the dose levels tested, but patients demonstrated lower drug exposures relative to HVs at the same dose. IL-22 serum biomarkers and IL-22 responsive genes in colon biopsies were induced with active treatment. Patients demonstrated changes in microbiota composition following active treatment, thereby reversing baseline dysbiosis. Clinical response was observed in 7/18 active- and 1/6 placebo-treated patients; clinical remission was observed in 5/18 active- and 0/6 placebo-treated patients.

  Study EGAS00001006172

• Expression profiling of a human endocrine pancreas iPSC model

  Directed differentiation of stem cells offers a scalable solution to the need for human cell models recapitulating islet biology and T2D pathogenesis. We profiled mRNA expression at six stages of an induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) model of endocrine pancreas development from two donors, and characterized the distinct transcriptomic profiles associated with each stage. Established regulators of endodermal lineage commitment, such as SOX17 (log2 fold change [FC] compared to iPSCs=14.2, p-value=4.9x10-5) and the pancreatic agenesis gene GATA6 (log2 FC=12.1, p-value=8.6x10-5), showed transcriptional variation consistent with their known developmental roles. However, these analyses highlighted many other genes with stage-specific expression patterns, some of which may be novel drivers or markers of islet development. For example, the leptin receptor gene, LEPR, was most highly expressed in published data from in vivo-matured cells compared to the endocrine pancreas-like cells (log2 FC=5.5, p-value=2.0x10-12), suggesting a role for the leptin pathway in the maturation process. Endocrine pancreas-like cells showed significant stage-selective expression of adult islet genes, including INS, ABCC8, and GLP1R, and enrichment of relevant GO-terms (e.g. “insulin secretion”; odds ratio=4.2, p-value=1.9x10-3): however, principal component analysis indicated that in vitro-differentiated cells were more immature than adult islets. Integration of the stage-specific expression information with genetic data from T2D genome-wide association studies revealed that 46 of 82 T2D-associated loci harbor genes present in at least one developmental stage, facilitating refinement of potential effector transcripts. Together, these data show that expression profiling in an iPSC islet development model can further understanding of islet biology and T2D pathogenesis.

  Dataset EGAD00001002148

• Ribo-depleted RNA-sequencing of II.3, III.1, and III.3

  This datasets contains the Ribo-depleted RNA-sequencing of patients II.3, III.1, and III.3. Libraries were sequenced to a minimum depth of 195 million read pairs (2x75nts) on an Illumina NextSeq500 Midoutput FC.

  Dataset EGAD50000002364

• Whole exome sequencing of endometriod ovarian cancer tumours

  Whole Exome sequencing data of tumour samples for 112 patients with endometrioid ovarian carcinoma in FASTQ format. Data was derived as summarized below: Library Preparation: Libraries were prepared from each DNA sample using the Illumina TruSeq Exome Library Prep kit (#FC-150-1002) according to the provided protocol using modifications for working with FFPE sourced material. Libraries were quantified using the Qubit 2.0 Fluorometer and the Qubit DNA HS assay (#Q32854) and the size distribution of fragments was assessed using the Agilent Bioanalyser with the DNA HS Kit (#5067-4626). Library QC: Exome-captured sequencing library pools were quantified using the Qubit 2.0 Fluorometer and the Qubit DNA HS assay (#Q32854) and the size distribution of fragments was assessed using the Agilent Bioanalyser with the DNA HS Kit (#5067-4626). Fragment size and quantity measurements were used to calculate molarity for each library pool. Sequencing: Sequencing was performed using the NextSeq 500/550 High-Output v2 (150 cycle) Kit (# FC-404-2002) on the NextSeq 550 platform (Illumina Inc, #SY-415-1002).

  Dataset EGAD00001006389

• Characterizing the cell-free transcriptome in a humanized DLBCL patient-derived tumor xenograft model for RNA-based liquid biopsy in a preclinical setting

  This study explores the cell-free transcriptome in a humanized DLBCL patient-derived tumor xenograft (PDTX) model. Blood plasma samples (n=171) derived from a DLBCL PDTX model including 27 humanized (HIS) PDTX, 8 HIS non-PDTX and 21 non-HIS PDTX NOD-scid IL2Rgnull mice were collected during humanization, xenografting, treatment, and sacrifice. The mice were treated with either R-CHOP, huCD20-Fc-AFN-CHOP, or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). RNA was extracted using the miRNeasy serum/plasma kit and sequenced on the NovaSeq 6000 platform using the SMARTer Stranded Total RNA-seq pico v3 kit.

  Study EGAS50000000566

• Single-cell RNA-seq of celiac disease-specific plasma cells

  Disease-specific plasma cells (PCs) reactive with transglutaminase 2 (TG2) or deamidated gluten peptides (DGP) are abundant in celiac disease (CeD) gut lesions. Their contribution toward CeD pathogenesis is unclear. We assessed expression of markers associated with PC longevity in 15 untreated and 26 treated CeD patients in addition to 13 non-CeD controls, and performed RNA-sequencing with clonal inference and transcriptomic analysis of 3251 single PCs. We observed antigen-dependent V-gene selection and stereotypic antibodies. Generation of recombinant DGP-specific antibodies revealed a key role of a heavy-chain residue that displays polymorphism, suggesting that immunoglobulin gene polymorphisms may influence CeD-specific antibody responses. We identified transcriptional differences between CeD-specific vs non-disease-specific PCs and between short-lived vs long-lived PCs. The short-lived CD19+CD45+ phenotype dominated in untreated and short-term-treated CeD, in particular among disease-specific PCs but also in the general PC population. Thus, the disease lesion of untreated CeD is characterized by massive accumulation of short-lived PCs that are not only directed against disease-specific antigens.

  Study EGAS00001004623

• Phenotype information

  This study explores the cell-free transcriptome in a humanized DLBCL patient-derived tumor xenograft (PDTX) model. Blood plasma samples (n=171) derived from a DLBCL PDTX model in-cluding 27 humanized (HIS) PDTX, 8 HIS non-PDTX and 21 non-HIS PDTX non-obese diabetic (NOD)-scid IL2Rgnull (NSG) mice were collected during humanization, xenografting, treatment, and sacrifice. The mice were treated with either rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincris-tine, and prednisone (R-CHOP), CD20-targeted human IFNα2-based AcTaferon combined with CHOP (huCD20-Fc-AFN-CHOP), or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). RNA was extracted using the miRNeasy serum/plasma kit and sequenced on the NovaSeq 6000 platform using the using the SMARTer Stranded Total RNA-Seq Kit v3.

  Dataset EGAD50000000806

• Functional Variant rs9344 at 11q13.3 Regulates CCND1 Expression in Multiple Myeloma with t(11;14)

  Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell (PC) malignancy characterized by cytogenetic abnormalities, such as t(11;14)(q13;q32), resulting in CCND1 overexpression. The rs9344 G allele within CCND1 is the most significant susceptibility allele for t(11;14). We have found the G risk allele is enriched in both healthy individuals of African ancestry and African American individuals with MM. The overall aim of this study was to identify the mechanism behind why the G allele is enriched in t(11;14) MM. To reach this goal, we performed ATAC-seq from 100,000 CD138+ tumor cells from 26 patients with MM. In addition, we performed ChIP-seq using antibodies against H3K4me1, H3K27ac and H3K4me3 from 100,000 CD138+ tumor cells from 8 patients with MM. We used these data to evaluate whether the G allele of rs9344 is associated with elevated chromatin accessibility, H3K27ac and H3K4me3 in t(11;14) MM.

  Study phs003997

• RNAseq SCLC Cell lines MYC

  RNAseq data set (Mollaoglu et al., MYC drives progression of small cell lung cancer to a variant neuroendocrine subtype with vulnerability to Aurora kinase inhibition) RNA isolation from primary tumors and healthy lungs was performed using RNeasy Mini Kit (Qiagen) with the standard protocol. RNA was subjected to library construction with the Illumina TruSeq Stranded mRNA Sample Preparation Kit (cat# RS-122-2101, RS-122-2102) according to manufacturer’s protocol. Chemically denatured sequencing libraries (25 pM) are applied to an Illumina HiSeq v4 single read flow cell using an Illumina cBot. Hybridized molecules were clonally amplified and annealed to sequencing primers with reagents from an Illumina HiSeq SR Cluster Kit v4-cBot (GD-401-4001). Following transfer of the flowcell to an Illumina HiSeq 2500 instrument (HCSv2.2.38 and RTA v1.18.61), a 50 cycle single-read sequence run was performed using HiSeq SBS Kit v4 sequencing reagents (FC-401-4002).

  Dataset EGAD00001003099

• Single-cell analysis for metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma

  Intra-tumoral heterogeneity (ITH) is the fundamental property of cancer, however, the origins of ITH remain poorly understood. Here we performed single-cell RNA sequencing of peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) from patients with advanced gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC), constructed a transcriptome map of 45,048 PC cells, profiled the transcriptome states of diverse tumor cell lineages and types, incisively explored ITH of PC tumor cells, and identified significant correlates with patient survival.

  Study EGAS00001004443

• Whole genome sequencing of pancreatic cystic fluid for early detection and diagnosis of pancreatic cancer

  Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally. Accurate PC detection at early or premalignant stage, when surgery is effective, would increase survival rates and prevent unnecessary surgery or surveillance. Molecular diagnostic attempts using PCy fluid (PCyF), as a liquid biopsy, to analyze common mutations associated with PC development are yet to contribute to early diagnosis. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) is utilized in various cancers, PC inclusive, for detecting genetic changes associated with carcinogenesis, but not in PCyF due to technical limitations, including isolated DNA purity. The goal of the study was to achieve high quality of WGS from PCyF from 9 patients to enable development of signatures of malignancy. The WGS was performed using Illumina sequencing. Experimental design was at a 50x depth.

  Dataset EGAD50000000869

• Genetic Factors associated with Conversion from Active Surveillance to Treatment for Prostate Cancer

  This is a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of conversion from active surveillance (AS) for prostate cancer (PC) to treatment. AS is the monitoring with screening tests and/or biopsies over time of men usually with low-risk, early-stage PC to avoid harmful side effects of PC treatment. "Conversion" refers to patients who withdraw from AS (switch to active treatment) due to changes in their cancer development, anxiety about delayed treatment, or other reasons. Patients who converted because of anxiety alone were censored in the GWAS analysis. The overall goal of this study is to develop an easily measurable, germline-based panel of genetic variants to aid in selecting PC patients appropriate for AS and/or the intensity of monitoring. In total, 6,324 PC patients from 28 collaborating institutions are included in this study. Patients are those with PC who are either on AS or who have previously converted from AS to treatment. In this study, 70% of all subjects were diagnosed with very low-risk, low-risk, or low-volume intermediate-risk PC (Kryvenko and Epstein, 2016; PMID: 26709152) and have been enrolled in an AS program. DNA was extracted from blood, saliva, or formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue collected from the study subjects at the participating sites. Genotyping, quality control processes, and imputation were performed at the Center for Inherited Disease Research (CIDR) at Johns Hopkins University. CIDR used the Illumina Infinium Multi-Ethnic Global Array (MEGA) version 1, which included genome-wide tag SNPs and 10,000 SNPs selected with custom content. Quality control and assurance (QC/QA) checks on genotyped data involved four domains: sample-level checks, batch effects, SNP-level checks, and preliminary association tests. Samples and SNPs passing the QC/QA checks were imputed to appropriate reference panels (HRC r1.1 for patients of European ancestry) using the Michigan Imputation Server (PMID: 27571263). Unmeasured genetic variants were imputed using the Trans-Omics for Precision Medicine (TOPMed) Imputation Server, with 97,256 reference samples and 308,107,085 SNPs. Variants with imputation quality (INFO) score < 0.3 were excluded, leaving a total of 22,691,641 SNPs successfully imputed. After QC steps, a total of 5,936 samples genotyped at CIDR remained for inclusion in the GWAS.

  Study phs002056

• Targeted therapy of advanced parathyroid carcinoma guided by genomic and transcriptomic profiling (hipo_021)

  Parathyroid carcinoma (PC) is an orphan malignancy with a high risk of recurrence after surgery. Tumor-directed systemic treatments for PC are not established. We used whole-genome and RNA sequencing in four patients with advanced PC to identify molecular alterations that could guide clinical management. In two cases, the genomic and transcriptomic profiles provided targets for experimental therapies that resulted in biochemical response and prolonged disease stabilization: (i) immune checkpoint inhibition with pembrolizumab based on high tumor mutational burden and a single-base substitution signature associated with APOBEC (apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide-like) overactivation; (ii) multi-receptor tyrosine kinase inhibition with lenvatinib due to overexpression of FGFR1 and RET and, later in the course of disease, PARP inhibition with olaparib prompted by signs of defective homologous recombination DNA repair. In addition, our data provided new insights into the molecular landscape of PC with respect to the genome-wide footprints of specific mutational processes and pathogenic germline alterations. These data underscore the potential of comprehensive molecular analyses to improve care for patients with ultra-rare cancers based on insight into disease biology.

  Study EGAS00001006747

• Baseline epigenetic clock measures in the Northern Ireland Cohort for the Longitudinal Study of Ageing (NICOLA)

  Epigenetic clock measures for a subset of 1,870 participants within the NICOLA cohort. The following epigenetic clocks were generated: (±PC)PhenoAge, (±PC)GrimAge, (±PC)Horvath1, (±PC)Hannum, PCDNAmTL and DunedinPACE. +PC represents the use of the principal component adjusted version of the clock.

  Dataset EGAD50000002063

• Targeted Linked-Read DNA-seq Analysis of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancers

  Androgen receptor (AR) inhibition is standard of care for advanced prostate cancer (PC). However, its efficacy is limited by progression to castration-resistant PC (CRPC), usually due to AR re-activation via mechanisms that include AR amplification and structural rearrangement. These two classes of AR alterations often co-occur in CRPC tumors, but it is unclear whether this reflects intercellular or intracellular heterogeneity of AR. It is important to resolve the mechanisms of AR genomic rearrangements to develop new therapies and predictive biomarkers for PC. We developed a targeted linked-read DNA sequencing assay to interrogate alterations in AR and a panel of genes known to be amplified or mutated in CRPC. Linked-read DNA-sequencing libraries were generated using the 10X Genomics Chromium platform and subjected to hybridization enrichment using a custom-designed Agilent SureSelect bait panel. Post-capture DNA-seq libraries were pooled and sequenced on an Illumina HiSeq 2500 using 2x150 bp settings. This targeted linked-read DNA-seq assay was used to interrogate a set of 6 benchmarking samples harboring known AR gene rearrangements and other alterations in AR, as well a panel of 6 patient-derived xenograft CRPC tumors and 23 clinical CRPC tumors. In this cohort, we identified a subset of samples that developed complex, multiply-rearranged AR gene structures in conjunction with very high AR copy number. The data that will be made available through dbGaP are raw FASTQ files.

  Study phs003343

• MicroRNAs, Hypertension and End Organ Damage in Humans

  Study 1) Profiling of microRNAs in plasma of patients with hypertension complicated or not by metabolic syndrome or chronic kidney disease Hypertension (HTN) or high blood pressure is associated with subclinical target organ damage such as cardiac, vascular and kidney injury, which may lead to complications and death. In this study, we investigated circulating microRNAs as biomarkers of target organ damage in HTN patients. We profiled circulating microRNAs by RNA sequencing in platelet-poor plasma of normotensive subjects and patients with HTN complicated or not by metabolic syndrome (MetS) or chronic kidney disease (CKD) (n=15 each group). Differentially expressed microRNAs were identified with a threshold of false discovery rate <0.1. Differentially expressed microRNAs were identified uniquely to associate with HTN (8), MetS (1) or CKD (13), and 8 were similarly differentially expressed in different groups. This study identified the association of differentially expressed circulating microRNAs with target organ damage in HTN patients, which could have some pathophysiological and therapeutic implications. Study 2) Profiling of microRNAs in gluteal subcutaneous small arteries of patients with hypertension complicated or not by chronic kidney disease Hypertension (HTN) is associated with vascular damage characterized by endothelial dysfunction and vascular remodeling and stiffening, which contributes to kidney injury leading to chronic kidney disease (CKD). MicroRNAs are short non-coding RNAs which repress/degrade target mRNAs. The microRNA role in vascular injury in HTN remains unclear. In this study, we aimed to identify differentially expressed microRNAs in small arteries of patients with HTN associated or not with CKD, in order to shed light on the pathophysiological molecular mechanisms. Normotensive subjects and HTN patients associated or not with CKD grades 3-4 were studied (n=15-16). Small arteries were isolated from subcutaneous gluteal biopsies, RNAs were extracted, and small and total RNA sequencing was performed by Illumina HiSeq-2500. Differentially expressed genes were identified with a P<0.05 and fold change (FC) >1.3. Differentially expressed microRNAs and mRNAs were identified uniquely to associate with HTN (microRNAs: 10, mRNAs: 68), CKD (microRNAs: 68, mRNAs: 395), and both groups (microRNAs: 2, mRNAs: 32). This study identified differentially expressed microRNAs and mRNAs in small arteries with target organ damage in HTN, which could have some pathophysiological and therapeutic implications.

  Study phs002389

• Profiling of Peritoneal Metastases from Gastric Adenocarcinoma Identified Molecular Subtypes

  Peritoneal carcinomatosis (PC) occurs frequently in gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC) patients and confers poor prognosis. Multiplex profiling of primary GACs has been insightful but the underpinnings of PC’s development/progression remain largely unknown. Here we characterized exome/transcriptome/immune landscapes of PC cells from 43 patients.

  Study EGAS00001003180

• med-pchic-dac

  The data are accessible under the terms of the following Data Access Agreement that needs to be filled in, signed (by yourself and your institution’s official contact) and returned by email to med-pchic-dac@lists.cam.ac.uk

  Dac EGAC00001000523

• Integrating molecular imaging and transcriptomic profiling in advanced HER2-positive breast cancer receiving trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1): an analysis of the ZEPHIR clinical trial

  Purpose: The ZEPHIR clinical trial evaluated the role of [89Zr]trastuzumab-PET/CT (HER2-PET/CT) and 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose PET/CT ([18F]FDG-PET/CT) in predicting outcomes in patients with advanced HER2-positive breast cancer treated with trastuzumab emtansine (T-DM1). Here, we combined molecular/metabolic imaging and transcriptomic data to investigate the biological processes associated with [89Zr]trastuzumab and [18F]FDG uptake, and to dissect the mechanisms involved in T-DM1 resistance. Experimental design: RNA was extracted from metastasis biopsies obtained at study inclusion in the ZEPHIR trial. HER2-PET/CT and [18F]FDG-PET/CT imaging data of biopsied lesions were integrated with RNA sequencing data. Lesions were compared based on the level of [89Zr]trastuzumab uptake (dichotomized into high/low classes) as well as on the presence/absence of metabolic response, defined comparing baseline and on-treatment [18F]FDG-PET/CT. Results: We analyzed matched transcriptomic and molecular/metabolic imaging data for 24 metastases (one lesion/patient). Pathways involved in extracellular matrix (ECM) organization, glycosylphosphatidylinositol synthesis, and collagen formation were enriched in lesions presenting low [89Zr]trastuzumab uptake. [18F]FDG uptake at baseline correlated with proliferation and immune-related processes. Hypoxia and ECM-related processes were enriched in lesions that showed no metabolic response to T-DM1. Interestingly, immune-related processes (e.g., Fc gamma receptor activation, complement cascade) were associated with high [89Zr]trastuzumab uptake and metabolic response. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this study represents the first correlative analysis between [89Zr]trastuzumab tumor uptake and gene expression profiling in humans. Our findings point toward a role of ECM in impairing [89Zr]trastuzumab tumor uptake and T-DM1 metabolic response in advanced HER2-positive breast cancer, and highlight the potential of molecular imaging to depict tumor microenvironment features.

  Study EGAS50000000470

• BLUEPRINT Gene expression analysis during human B-cell differentiation using the Affymetrix Human Genome U219 Array

  We performed gene expression analysis using the Affymetrix Human Genome U219 Array of 9 subpopulations covering the complete B-cell maturation program: hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPC); pre-B-I cells (preB1C); pre-B-II cells (preB2C); naive B cells from peripheral blood (naiBC); naive B cells from tonsil (t-naiBC); germinal center B cells (gcBC); plasma cells from tonsil (t-PC); memory B cells from peripheral blood (memBC) and plasma cells from bone marrow (bm-PC). All the samples were isolated from healthy donors and, with the exception of bm-PC (only 1 replicate), we used 3 to 11 biological replicates of each subtype.

  Study EGAS00001001197

• Tissue Site

  Tissue site for RNAsequencing data. Tissue site is associated with the clinical biomarker data and be linked to the biomarker data using the SAMPLE and PAT identifiers.

  Dataset EGAD50000000931

• Identification of therapeutic target molecules for prostate cancer by using next generation sequencer

  Comprehensive transcriptional characterization of cancer tissues can reveal important molecular signatures associated with the disease progression. Long non-coding RNA (LncRNA) has a diversity of functions such as transcription, epigenetic and gene regulation in cancer cells including prostate cancer cells. Here, we performed directional RNA-sequence (RNA-seq) on clinical samples obtained from prostate cancer (PC) and lethal castration-resistant PC (CRPC) patients to identify novel molecular signatures including protein coding genes and non-coding RNAs induced in CRPC tissues.

  Study JGAS000198

• Single-cell Analysis of Neoplastic Plasma Cells Identifies Novel Myeloma Pathobiology Mediators and Potential Targets

  Newly diagnosed symptomatic and relapsed/refractory myeloma is a clonal plasma cell (PC) dyscrasia that arises from precursors which have been studied utilizing bulk or single-cell (sc) techniques. By combining scRNA-sequencing with scB-cell receptor (BCR)-sequencing, we found more dysregulated genes in monoclonal PCs compared with analyses of the entire CD138+ population, which includes non-neoplastic/polyclonal PCs. We identified a panel of genes that were over- or under-expressed in symptomatic states that could be putative oncogenic drivers or tumor suppressors, respectively.

  Study EGAS50000000803

• BLUEPRINT DNA methylation profiling of B-cell differentiation using Illumina HumanMethylation 450K BeadArray

  We performed DNA methylation analysis in 6 different mature B-cell subpopulations using the Illumina HumanMethylation 450K BeadArray. In particular, we analyzed naive B cells from peripheral blood (naiBC); naive B cells from tonsil (t-naiBC); germinal center B cells (gcBC); plasma cells from tonsil (t-PC); memory B cells from peripheral blood (memBC) and plasma cells from bone marrow (bm-PC). All the samples were isolated from healthy donors and we analyzed 3 to 9 biological replicates of each subtype.

  Study EGAS00001001196

• Sporadic ALS Australia Systems Genomics Consortium (SALSA-SGC)

  In 2016 we established the Sporadic ALS Australia Systems Genomics Consortium (SALSA-SGC) funded by the Ice Bucket Challenge Grant administered by the Motor Neurone Disease Research Institute of Australia. The goals of the SALSA-SGC are to collect biological samples from clinics across Australia with matched in depth clinical and self-report phenotypes and to generate multiple levels of genetic and genomic data. In this first data generation exercise of the SALSA-SGC the majority of the samples were collected prior to the formal establishment of SALSA-SGC from clinics across Australia.Briefly, the cohort includes the University of Sydney’s Australian Motor Neuron Disease DNA Bank (MND Bank) cohort recruited April 2000 to June 2011), with study protocol approved by the Sydney South West Area Health Service Human Research Ethics Committee (HREC). Cases were recruited from around Australia via state-based MND associations with diagnosis verified by a neurologist. The remainder of the cases were recruited from clinics across Australia between 2015 and 2017 under HREC approvals from Royal Brisbane and Women’s Hospital, Macquarie University Multidisciplinary Motor Neurone Disease Clinic,  Calvary Health Care Bethlehem in Melbourne , Fiona Stanley Hospital in Perth, and from 2016 under HREC approvals at each site for the sporadic ALS Australia Systems Genomics Consortium (SALSA-SGC). The ALS cases were diagnosed with definite or probable ALS according to the revised El Escorial criteria. Some controls were recruited as either partners or friends of patients, healthy individuals free of neuromuscular diseases. We are providing GWAS and MWAS data in this dataset. Individual level GWAS data were generated using Illumina Infinium CoreExome-24 version 1.1 chips for N= 846 cases and N=665 controls. Individual MWAS data was generated using the Illumina Human methylation 450K array for N=782 cases and N=613 controls. There 1315 individuals where GWAS and MWAS data has been generated and is available. Further information on these data sets can be found: Paper 1: Restuadi, R, Garton, FC, Benyamin, B, Lin, T, et al. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Genetic Correlation with Cognitive Performance, educational attainment and schizophrenia: evidence from polygenic risk score analysis. (submitted) Paper 2: Nabais, MF, Lin, T, Benyamin, B et al. Significant out-of-sample classification from methylation profile scoring for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. 2020. NPJ genomic medicine. 5(10). Files provided in this submission include: GWAS: This folder contains QCed genotype for the Australian ALS case-control cohort. Contains PLINK files for genotyping data (not imputed yet). The individuals selected here have: good consistency on phenotype data ethics approval registered as part of sporadic ALS studies unrelated by GRM cut-off 0.05 No ancestry QC yet MWAS: This folder contains the IDAT and post-QC normalized DNAm (beta) for the Australian ALS case-control cohort. 2019_AUS_ALS_PCTG_DNAm.tar.gz - IDATS for 1315 individuals analyzed in the MWAS study normalized_beta_values - Binary files (created with the OSCA software) containing information on the individuals, probes and the DNAm (beta) values obtained after QC phenotype_file - contains all the covariates analysed in the MWAS including: case-control status, coded 0 = Control and 1 = ALS, predicted age, predicted cell-type proportions, predicted smoking scores, slide and chip position and sex Important Notes: The DNAm data were normalized together with samples that were not part of this ALS case/control study and thus, the normalization procedure may not be 100% reproducible using only the IDAT files uploaded here. Summary data has been made publicly available and can be accessed directly: Data collection and sample processing were performed at several clinics across Australia. Genotyping and DNA methylation arrays were performed by the Human Studies Unit, at the Institute for Molecular Bioscience (University of Queensland). Quality control of the genotypic, phenotypic and DNA methylation data was done by the Program of Complex Traits Genomics, at the Institute for Molecular Bioscience (University of Queensland).

  Study phs002068

• Genome-wide evaluation of the maturation of the immune response to the tuberculin skin test from day 2 to day 7

  The tuberculin skin test (TST) is a standardised human challenge model to evaluate the immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) antigens in vivo. To study the temporal evolution of the TST, we recruited healthy volunteers with evidence of peripheral blood Mtb reactive T cells, to undergo a TST in each arm that was sampled on day 2 at one site and on day 7 at the contralateral site on day 7. Genome-wide TST transcriptomes at day 2 and day 7 were defined by differential gene expression compared to transcriptomes from the site of control saline injections performed in a separate subset of volunteers.

  Study EGAS50000000822

• Oncogenic Ectodomain deletion of FGFR1 caused by Breakage-Fusion-Bridges in Squamous Cell lung Cancer

  The identification of recurrent 8p11.23 amplifications including FGFR1 raised the hope of a treatable target in squamous cell lung cancer (SQLC). However, only a minority of patients with FGFR1-amplified tumors respond to single agent inhibitor therapy targeting FGFR. To understand the underlying mechanism of FGFR1 dependency, we performed whole genome and transcriptome sequencing of 25 FGFR1-amplified primary tumors with unknown response upon FGFR inhibition. In addition, we performed deep sequencing of 26 FGFR1-amplified samples whereof the response upon FGFR inhibition was known for 25 samples. In both cohorts we identified intra-chromosomal tail-to-tail breaks close to the FGFR1 transcription start site, being responsible for focal amplification of FGFR1. These specific breaks are caused by a Breakage-Fusion-Bridge-like (BFB-like) mechanism. Here, we associate these breaks with FGFR inhibitor sensitivity. Moreover, in some cases these breaks are located within the open reading frame of FGFR1, which leads to the expression of an ΔEC-FGFR1 transcript that lacks the ecto-domain. Overexpression of ΔEC-FGFR1 transforms Baf3 cells and lead to an FGFR1-dependent phenotype. Our results demonstrate that the truncation of the FGFR1 ectodomain is a frequent event in 8p11.23-amplified squamous cell lung cancer caused by tail-to-tail breaks. These breaks might be used as a predictive therapeutic marker to stratify patients for FGFR-inhibitor therapy.

  Study EGAS00001005059

• BCR Signaling in human BM PC

  Dac EGAC00001001899

• Single-cell Analysis of Neoplastic Plasma Cells Identifies Novel Myeloma Pathobiology Mediators and Potential Targets

  Newly diagnosed symptomatic and relapsed/refractory myeloma is a clonal plasma cell (PC) dyscrasia that arises from precursors which have been studied utilizing bulk or single-cell (sc) techniques. By combining scRNA-sequencing with scB-cell receptor (BCR)-sequencing, we found more dysregulated genes in monoclonal PCs compared with analyses of the entire CD138+ population, which includes non-neoplastic/polyclonal PCs. Paired tumor and non-tumor WGS was performed to evaluate the presence of IgH-associated translocations and hyperdiploidy events, initially detected by FISH, in a subset of samples included in this study.

  Study EGAS50000000801

• GEDI: A Developmental Model of Gene-Environment Interplay in SUDs: Combined Genotype Dataset from the "Great Smoky Mountains Study" and the "Caring for Children in the Community Study".

  1. Great Smoky Mountains Study (GSMS; Costello et al. 1996, 1997) Three cohorts of boys and girls, aged 9, 11, and 13 years at intake in 1993, were selected from a rural population of some 20,000 children using a household equal probability design. A two-phase procedure was used for White and African-American youth to increase power by oversampling children at risk for psychiatric and SUDs. Parents (usually mothers) of the first stage random population sample completed a questionnaire about their child's behavioral problems. Of 4,195 subjects selected, 95% (N=3,896) of parents completed the screen. All children scoring above a predetermined threshold (the top 25% of the total scores), plus a 10% random sample of the remaining 75%, were recruited for detailed interviews. Results can be back-weighted to population levels for analyses. Half of the sample consists of females, and 6% are African Americans, reflecting the population of the study area. The interviewed sample of white and African-American subjects was 1,070 (80% of those recruited). American Indian youth were oversampled (100%) because they are an understudied group known to be at high risk for stressful events, substance disorders, and mood disorders. Of 431 age-eligible children, 350 (81% boys, 49% girls) participated. Thus, the size of total GSMS sample is 1,070 + 350 = 1,420. Data collection is complete for ages 9-26, and age 30 interviews are in progress. By age 26 a total of 9,858 interviews had been completed; the average number of interviews per subject was seven, and by age 26, 97.3% completed two or more interviews. 2. The Caring for Children in the Community Study (CCC; Angold et al., 2002) This representative study of psychiatric illness and service use in African-American and White youth took place in four rural counties in the southeastern USA. The two-stage sampling design and methods are similar to those used in the GSMS. Of 4,500 youth randomly selected from the 17,117 9- to 17-year-olds in the public school's database, 3,613 (80.0%) were successfully contacted and agreed to complete the behavioral screen. Of the 1,302 selected to participate in the study, 920 (70.7%) interviews were completed. Because CCC was also the only study in GEDI to contain more than a very few African-American participants, these were omitted from the multi-site analyses. Reprinted with permission from Cambridge University Press from Costello et al., 2013: PMID: 23461817 References: Costello et al., 1996: PMID: 8956679 Costello et al., 1997: PMID: 9184514 Angold et al., 2002: PMID: 12365876

  Study phs000852

• Estimating transcription factor variability in PC-9 cells using scRNA-seq

  PC-9 cells were barcoded following protocol from Chang et al. Nature Biotech. 2021, which does not affect downstream analysis. PC-9 cells were trypsinized into single-cell suspensions and processed using Chromium Single Cell Gene Expression 3’ Library and Gel Bead Kit V2.0 following the manufacturer’s instructions (10X Genomics). Cells were counted and checked for viability using Vi-CELL XR cell counter (Beckman Coulter), and then injected into microfluidic chips to form Gel Beads-in-Emulsion (GEMs) in the 10X Chromium instrument. Reverse transcription was performed on the GEMs, and RT products were purified and amplified. Expression libraries were made from the cDNA and profiled using the Bioanalyzer High Sensitivity DNA kit (Agilent Technologies) and quantified with Kapa Library Quantification Kit (Kapa Biosystems). Illumina HiSeq2500 (Illumina) was used to sequence the libraries.

  Dataset EGAD00001011041

• A study on personalized medicine in genitourinary cancers using genetic biomarkers

  We present a patient with MSI-high castration-resistant PC who showed a remarkable and durable response to pembrolizumab. Whole exome sequencing revealed approximate tumor mutation burden of 61 mutations/Mb as well as biallelic loss of MSH2.

  Study JGAS000510

• Paired RNA-Seq of four patients with advanced Parathyroid carcinoma (PC)

  Paired RNA-Seq of four patients with advanced Parathyroid carcinoma (PC). The library was prepared using the Illumina TruSeq stranded mRNA Kit, the sequencing was done either on an Illumina HiSeq 4000 or on Illumina NovaSeq 6000.

  Dataset EGAD00001009730

• Paired WGS data of four patients with advanced Parathyroid carcinoma (PC)

  Paired WGS data of four patients with advanced Parathyroid carcinoma (PC). There are tumor/control pairs (buffy coat control). The library was prepared with Illumina TruSeq Nano DNA, the sequencing was done with HiSeq X Ten.

  Dataset EGAD00001009731

• Single cell transcriptomics to characterize the tumor microenvironment of prostate cancer fusion biopsies

  The primary objective of this study was to characterize the tumor microenvironment in fusion-guided transperineal biopsy samples from patients undergoing PC diagnosis. For each patient, one biopsy was taken from a suspected tumor region and another from a non-suspicious area, which were later classified as high- or low-tumorigenicity based on anatomopathological analysis. Using scRNA-seq data, we performed cancer-oriented cell annotation, differential expression analysis, and functional pathway enrichment studies across key cellular subpopulations. Additionally, differential abundance analysis was conducted to identify cell groups representative of different tumorigenicity levels. Finally, classification models were developed using gene expression data to differentiate high- vs. low-tumorigenicity samples, with the long-term goal of establishing a diagnostic classifier for PC stratification.

  Study EGAS50000000888

• Molecular Genetics of Histiocytic Sarcoma

  This is a comprehensive genomic analysis of a rare set of histiocytic sarcomas from the consult service of the Hematopathology section of the Laboratory of Pathology, NCI, NIH. The study identifies two distinct groupings of these tumors based on the site of disease, their mutational spectrum, and proliferation signature.

  Study phs001748

• Multi-omic analysis of SDHB-related PCPG

  Hereditary SDHB-mutant pheochromocytomas (PC) and paragangliomas (PG) are rare tumours with a high propensity to metastasize although their clinical behaviour is unpredictable. To characterize the genomic landscape of these tumours and identify metastasis biomarkers, we performed multi-omic analysis on 94 tumours from 79 patients using six molecular methods including: whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of tumour and matched blood (n=94), whole transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) (n=91), small-RNA seq (n=90), DNA methylation profiling (n=93). Droplet-based (10x) single nuclei (sn)RNA-seq and snATAC-seq was applied to 9 and 7 cases, respectively. Additionally snATAC-seq was applied to one sample of normal adrenal medulla.

  Study EGAS50000000346

• STAT3 ChIPseq of PC-9 and KHM-3S with and without tarceva

  Dataset EGAD00001000844

• RNAseq of PC-9 and KHM-3S with and without tarceva

  Dataset EGAD00001000843

• SF3B1 splicing signature

  We describe individuals with de novo pathogenic variants in SF3B1. SF3B1 is a core component of the U2 snRNP complex that ensures accurate branchpoint and 3′ splice-site recognition, and its mutations induce aberrant splicing that contributes to tumorigenesis, notably in myelodysplastic syndromes. We aim to study splicing defects associated with constitutional pathogenic variants.

  Study EGAS50000001473

• CTCF-dependent enhancer hijacking by the EVI1 oncogene in leukemia

  Chromosomal rearrangements are a frequent cause of oncogene deregulation in human malignancies. Overexpression of EVI1 is found in a subgroup of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with 3q26 chromosomal rearrangements which are often therapy resistant. In a cohort of primary t(3;8)(q26;q24) AML samples we observed the translocation of a MYC super-enhancer to EVI1. We generated a patient-based t(3;8)(q26;q24) model in vitro using CRISPR-Cas9 technology and demonstrated hyper-activation of EVI1 by the hijacked MYC super-enhancer. One MYC super-enhancer element in particular, which recruits early hematopoietic regulators, is critical for EVI1 expression and enhancer-promoter interaction. This interaction is facilitated by a CTCF-bound motif upstream of the EVI1 promoter that acts as an enhancer-docking site in t(3;8) AML. Genomic analyses of 3q26-rearranged AML samples point to a common mechanism by which EVI1 uses this CTCF-bound enhancer-docking site to hijack early hematopoietic enhancers.

  Study EGAS00001004808

• Whole genomes sequencing BAM files (blood and lung brushings) of COPD cases and controls (EvA)

  Dataset of 27 whole genome sequencing files (BAM), which cover 12 individuals out of which four suffer from COPD. From 9 individuals, there are sequencing data from blood and from lung brushings at one single site available, from another 3 there is additionally a lung brushing sequencing file from a second site available. Comparison of blood with lung brushings allows the calling of somatic mutations within a tissue.

  Dataset EGAD00001004535