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• WGBS data for Glioblastoma (EGAS00001003953, H016)

  Whole Genome Bisulfite data for human glioblastoma patients, EGAS00001003953. 68 human samples

  Dataset EGAD00001006546

• A98269B

  Whole genome sequencing for single cells for library A98269B 1609 cells; filetype=bam

  Dataset EGAD00001006947

• A96217B

  Whole genome sequencing for single cells for library A96217B 1616 cells; filetype=bam

  Dataset EGAD00001006945

• PACA-CA RNASeq fastq files

  Fastq files for PACA-CA RNA Seq analysis, for DCC release 27

  Dataset EGAD00001003972

• KiCS cancer panel academic only data

  This data set contains KiCS cancer panel data for academic and for-profit use.

  Dataset EGAD00001009733

• Genomic landscape of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia

  Abstract in preparation

  Study EGAS00001001317

• Data Access Commitee Polymorphisms in the Mitochondrial Genome associated with Bullous Pemphigoid in Germans

  Dac EGAC00001001341

• Somatic mutations in lymphocytes in patients with immune-mediated aplastic anemia

  Study EGAS00001004994

• Characterization of a Metastatic Cervical Cancer Patient and HPV18 Integration Using Next Generation Sequencing

  In this study, we used shallow whole genome, exome, and RNA sequencing to genomically and transcriptomically characterize a cervical squamous carcinoma lesion metastatic to the lung and to detect and analyze HPV infection in the same sample.

  Study phs000628

• Molecular Characterization of Germ Cell Tumors

  We performed comprehensive molecular profiling of germ cell tumors, including whole exome sequencing and transcriptome sequencing, derived from patient samples. This project additionally explores mechanisms of chemosensivity in these patients, as well as mechanisms of tumor evolution in the context of treatment.

  Study phs000923

• Eosinophil Activation and Function in Parasitic Infections and Other Conditions with Increased Tissue or Peripheral Blood Eosinophilia in Humans

  Whole-genome sequencing of tumors and matched normal samples from 11 patients with PDGFR-rearranged hypereosinophilic syndrome reveals simple genomic alterations in this disease without recurrent somatic changes besides the known rearrangement.

  Study phs003180

• Target bisulfite sequencing of uterine cervical cancer

  We performed targeted bisulfite sequencing of the HLA-A promoter region in cervical tissue samples to investigate DNA methylation patterns that regulate immune recognition and antigen presentation, which may influence viral immune surveillance and malignant transformation in cervical pathology.

  Study JGAS000825

• Indonesian Genome Diversity Project 3

  Low coverage whole genome sequences were collected to study the population history in Eastern Indonesia, in particular Wallacea and Papua region. We have sequenced the genomes of 254 individuals from 12 Wallacean and 3 Papuan populations spanning this geographical region.

  Study EGAS50000000447

• Chromatin accessibility of clear cell renal cell carcinoma

  To investigate chromatin accessibility in ccRCC, we performed ATAC-seq in 3 ccRCC cell lines (786-O, A498, UMRC-2), and 1 normal kidney epithelium cell line (HK-2), cultured under normoxic (20% O2) and hypoxic (0.05% O2) conditions

  Study EGAS50000001325

• Single-cell profiling maps the spectrum of crosstalk between glioma cells and tumor associated macrophages

  Tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) are a heterogeneous glioma infiltrate, implicated in cancer progression. We performed single-cell RNA-sequencing, to survey TAM response-patterns in glioma.

  Study EGAS00001002185

• RNA-Sequencing data of patient derived normal fibroblasts (NFs), cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and tumor spheroid samples

  RNA-Sequencing data of patient derived normal fibroblasts (NFs), cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and tumor spheroid samples performed in the context of the characterization of an IL1R1 positive CAF population in CRC tumour samples.

  Study EGAS00001007205

• Predictor_RIO_TNBC

  In this study, samples fom a window study of the PARP inhibitor rucaparib in patients with primary triple negative or BRCA1/2 related breast cancer (RIO trial) will be investigated. Samples will undergo whole genome sequence and analysis, including use of HR Predict.

  Study EGAS00001002805

• Chromatin run-on and RNA sequencing of fibrolamellar carcinoma

  Fibrolamellar carcinoma (FLC) is a rare, therapeutically intractable liver cancer that disproportionately affects youth. Here we used chromatin run-on sequencing to characterize the enhancer landscape in FLC and RNA sequencing to identify dysregulated genes in FLC.

  Study EGAS00001004169

• Targeted sequencing of brain AVM tissues

  We previously identified somatic activating KRAS mutations in a majority of human arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), using whole exome sequencing. We have now performed targeted sequencing on AVMS, investigating genes in the RAS-MAPK pathway, angiogenesis and brain vascular disorders among others.

  Study EGAS00001006729

• ExHiBITT shows that microbiome from colon biopsies, caecal fluid from colonoscopies and faecal samples shape different microbiome-host interactions

  The objective of the colonoscopy study is to carry out the 16s sequencing of colon biopsies and faecal samples provided in ExHiBITT study to compare potential fluctuations in the microbiota of different sites.

  Study EGAS00001007313

• RNAseq of 76 samples from Uveal Melanoma tumors

  Hotspot mutations in the spliceosome gene SF3B1 are reported in 20% of uveal melanomas. SF3B1 is involved in 3'-splice site (3'ss) recognition during RNA splicing; however, the molecular mechanisms of its mutation have remained unclear. Here we show, using RNA-Seq analyses of uveal melanoma, that the SF3B1 R625/K666 mutation results in deregulated splicing at a subset of junctions, mostly by the use of alternative 3'ss.

  Dataset EGAD00001004398

• Reproducibility of variant calls in replicate next generation sequencing experiments

  To examined the reproducibility of nucleotide variant calls in replicate sequencing experiments of the same genomic DNA, we performed targeted sequencing of all known human protein kinase genes (kinome) (~3.3 Mb) using the SOLiD v4 platform. This data set contains 17 breast cancer samples that were sequenced in duplicate (n=14) or triplicate (n=3), in order to assess concordance of all calls and single nucleotide variant (SNV) calls.

  Dataset EGAD00001001209

• RNA sequencing of cytokine-induced T cell responses

  Cytokines affect T cell responses by polarising them to different phenotypes. We isolated T cells from healthy platelet donors and cultured them in resting and stimulated conditions, as well as in the presence of Th1, Th2, Th17 and iTreg cocktail. In addition, T cells were stimulated in the presence of IL-10, IL-21, IL-27, IFNb and TNFa. We performed bulk RNA sequencing to assess impact of different disease-relevant cytokines upon T cell response.

  Dataset EGAD00001005291

• scWGS dataset of Characterization of UV DNA damage in B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia

  Extensive characterization of mutational signature SBS7a in B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL) samples. We aimed to describe the presentation of SBS7a in BCP-ALL, identify other pediatric cancers presenting with SBS7a, look into the link of SBS7a and UV-light in the context of BCP-ALL and cancers with provable UV exposure, and pinpoint when SBS7a was acquired.

  Dataset EGAD00001015601

• Deep sequencing of the gut microbiome from 946 healthy donors of the Milieu Intérieur cohort

  In this study, we aim to determine, in a thousand healthy donors, how the profile and dynamics of the gut microbiome are affected by host factors such as sex, age and lifestyle parameters.

  Study EGAS00001004437

• Single cell RNA sequencing of normal endometrial derived organoids uncovers novel cell type markers for prognostication

  Endometrial carcinoma, the most common gynecologic cancer, develops from endometrial epithelium which is composed of secretory and ciliated cells. Pathologic classification is unreliable and there is a need for prognostic tools. We used single cell sequencing to study organoid model systems derived from normal endometrial endometrium to discover novel markers specific for endometrial ciliated or secretory cells. We performed single cell sequencing on endometrial and ovarian tumors and found both secretory-like and ciliated-like tumor cells.

  Study EGAS00001004466

• Tracing the origin of disseminated tumor cells in breast cancer using single-cell sequencing

  Background Single-cell micro-metastases of solid tumors often occur in the bone marrow. These disseminated tumor cells (DTCs) may resist therapy and lay dormant or progress to cause overt bone and visceral metastases. The molecular nature of DTCs remains elusive, as well as when and from where in the tumor they originate. Here, we apply single-cell sequencing to identify and trace the origin of DTCs in breast cancer. Results We sequence the genomes of 63 single cells isolated from six non-metastatic breast cancer patients. By comparing the cells DNA copy number aberration (CNA) landscapes with those of the primary tumors and lymph node metastasis, we establish that 53% of the single cells morphologically classified as tumor cells are DTCs disseminating from the observed tumor. The remaining cells represent either non-aberrant ‘normal’ cells or aberrant cells of unknown origin that have CNA landscapes discordant from the tumor. Further analyses suggest that the prevalence of aberrant cells of unknown origin is age-dependent, and that at least a subset is hematopoietic in origin. Evolutionary reconstruction analysis of bulk tumor and DTC genomes enables ordering of CNA events in molecular pseudo-time and traced the origin of the DTCs to either the main tumor clone, primary tumor subclones, or subclones in an axillary lymph node metastasis. Conclusions Single-cell sequencing of bone marrow epithelial-like cells, in parallel with intra-tumor genetic heterogeneity profiling from bulk DNA, is a powerful approach to identify and study DTCs, yielding insight into metastatic processes. A heterogeneous population of CNA-positive cells is present in the bone marrow of non-metastatic breast cancer patients, only part of which are derived from the observed tumor lineages.

  Study EGAS00001002102

• ATAC-seq in LCLs derived from constitutional MLH1 epimutation carriers and non-carrier relatives

  ATAC-seq performed in LCLs derived from constitutional MLH1 epimutation carriers and non-carrier relatives to profile alterations in chromatin accessibility associated with constitutional MLH1 epimutation.

  Dataset EGAD50000000714

• RNA-seq in LCLs derived from constitutional MLH1 epimutation carriers and non-carrier relatives

  Transcriptome profiling in human lymphoblastoid cell lines derived from constitutional MLH1 epimutation carriers and non-carrier relatives

  Study EGAS50000000498

• Whole exome sequence in EGFR-TKI resistant non-small cell lung cancer

  Whole exome analysis to clear molecular basis and mutation spectrum in EGFR-TKI resistant non-small cell lung cancer

  Study JGAS000102

• Investigating genomic intratumor heterogeneity in colorectal carcinoma

  To investigateintertumor heterogeneity of colorecatal carcinoma, we profiled the genome and epigenome in multiple regions within each of nine colorectal tumors.

  Study JGAS000060

• PLCG1 R707Q mutation is counter selected under targeted therapy in a patient with a hepatic angiosarcoma

  PLCG1 R707Q mutation is counter selected under targeted therapy in a patient with a hepatic angiosarcoma

  Study EGAS00001001281

• Accelerated clonal evolution in refractory versus relapsed chronic lymphocytic leukemia upon treatment

  Identify and track clonal evolution of clones in consecutive human chronic lymphocytic leukemia samples identified by whole exome sequencing.

  Study EGAS00001003652

• RNAseq in blood CD34+ cells

  The aim of the project was to perform expression quantitative trait locus (eQTL) analysis in blood CD34+ cells from random blood donors.

  Study EGAS00001005655

• Microbial infections in Multiple Sclerosis Samples

  In this study, we have examined microbial infection in brain tissue from 9 control samples from healthy patients and 10 samples from patients diagnosed with Multiple sclerosis, by Next-generation sequencing NGS using Miseq sequencing platform (Illumina).

  Dataset EGAD00001004085

• RNA-seq bulk

  This dataset gather all RNA-sequencing data in MM.1S cell line in control and Dex condition; both in 3 biological replicates

  Dataset EGAD00001011137

• Basal-to-Inflammatory Transition Contributes to Basal Cell Carcinoma Therapy Resistance via Crosstalk with a Pro-Inflammatory Stromal Niche

  Overcoming tumor evolution and inducible resistance states remain the main challenge to creating successful anti-tumor therapies. The body's cancer-associated inflammatory response is a double-edged sword having ill-defined pro- and anti-tumor properties. Our group previously identified a basal cell carcinoma (BCC) tumor-intrinsic resistance pathway called basal to squamous cell carcinoma transition (BST). However, tumor resistance driven through the complex dynamics of tumor interactions with the inflammatory response remains poorly studied. Here, employing a multipronged approach combining human tumor single-cell transcriptomics, single-cell chromatin accessibility (scATAC-Seq) study, CODEX multiplexed imaging, spatial transcriptomic along with functional validation, we have identified a surprising inflammation-associated SMOi therapy enriched tumor epithelial cell state we term basal-to-inflammatory transition (BIT). Marked by CHI3L1, TAGLN, ITGAV, and VCAM1, BIT arises in spatially distinct neighborhoods from BST in a subset of naive BCCs. While BST tumor epithelium occurs within the central cores of tumor nodules, BIT tumor epithelium arises in a specialized inflammatory environment defined by a tumor associated TREM1 myeloid signature. IL1 and OSM secreted by TREM1 myeloid cells activate the inflammatory NF-kB family of transcription factors within the BIT tumor epithelium. Strikingly, IL1 and OSM ligands are sufficient not only in inducing the BIT tumor state in vitro and in vivo in a synergistic fashion but also in lowering the sensitivity of human BCC explant tumors to SMOi treatment. This work provides critical insights into the BIT-resistant state as a novel targetable tumor state driven by a specialized inflammatory microenvironment.

  Study phs003437

• Mayo Clinic - Fecal Microbiota and Adenomas

  Background: Adenomatous polyps are the most common precursor to colorectal cancer (CRC), the second leading cause of cancer death in the United States. We sought to learn more about early events of carcinogenesis by investigating shifts in the gut microbiota of patients with adenomas. Methods: We analyzed 16S rRNA gene sequences from the fecal microbiota of patients with adenomas (n=233) and without (n=547). Results: Multiple taxa were significantly more abundant in patients with adenomas, including Bilophila, Desulfovibrio, pro-inflammatory bacteria in the genus Mogibacterium, and multiple Bacteroidetes species. Patients without adenomas had greater abundances of Veillonella, Firmicutes (Order Clostridia), and Actinobacteria (family Bifidobacteriales). Many of our findings were consistent with previously reported shifts in the gut microbiota of CRC patients. Importantly, the altered adenoma profile is predicted to increase primary and secondary bile acid production, as well as starch, sucrose, lipid, and phenylpropanoid metabolism. Conclusions: These data suggest that diets rich in refined sugar, protein, and lipids may lead to increased bile acid production, creating a colonic environment that promotes the growth of bile-tolerant microbes such as Bilophilia and Desulfovibrio. In turn, these microbes may produce genotoxic or inflammatory metabolites such as H2S and secondary bile acids, catalyzing adenoma development and eventually CRC. Impact: This study suggests a plausible biological mechanism to explain the links between diet, shifts in the microbiota, and CRC. This represents a first step toward resolving the complex interactions that shape the adenoma-carcinoma sequence of CRC and may facilitate personalized therapeutics focused on the microbiota.

  Study phs001204

• Additional Methylation files for Roussel-ATRT-TM

  Additional Methylation files for Roussel-ATRT-TM paper titled "Atypical teratoid/ rhabdoid tumoroids reveal subgroup-specific drug vulnerabilities"

  Dataset EGAD00010002495

• COMPASS Next Generation Sequencing WGS data

  Whole genome sequencing data for Pancreatic Cancer Samples from the COMPASS clinical trial

  Study EGAS50000001091

• Mucosal 16S metadata

  Metadata for 16S-V4 rRNA gene sequence data for intestinal biopsies from NCT02749630 trial participants.

  Dataset EGAD00001008823

• A95673A

  Whole genome sequencing for single cells for library A95673A 1446 cells; filetype=bam

  Dataset EGAD00001006941

• Data files for CONSERTING

  Data files for CONSERTING (WGS)

  Dataset EGAD00001001352

• Targeted sequencing analysis for MDS with HSCT

  Targeted capture sequencing for cases with MDS who were subjected to unrelated bone marrow transplantation via Japan marrow donor program

  Dataset EGAD00001003118

• RNA data for MMML (EGAS00001002422)

  RNA sequencing data for MMML (3 tumor samples and 1 gcbcell)

  Dataset EGAD00001003285

• Gene expression of neutrophils in response to Mtb infection in persons living with HIV

  Study EGAS00001007262

• Molecular Attributes Underlying Central Nervous System and Systemic Relapse in Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma

  Central nervous system (CNS) relapse in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma remains a significant conundrum. While clinical risk scores and biomarkers allow the identification of patients with higher risk of CNS relapse, their predictive ability is low. Herein, we report findings from a comprehensive study examining gene expression changes, mutations and clonal evolution. Firstly, considering diagnostic samples from patients with CNS relapse, systemic relapse or no relapse, we found a striking enrichment of gene expression changes reflecting protein biosynthesis in patients who experienced CNS or systemic relapse. Furthermore, diagnostic specimens of relapsing cases were characterized by low immune infiltrates. The most discriminative gene feature in our analysis was SLAMF1, high expression of which was associated with favourable outcomes. Next, we assessed whether specific gene mutations were associated with subsequent CNS or systemic relapse. Activated B-cell-like genes such as PIM1, CD79B and PRDM1 were more frequently mutated in cases with CNS relapse, whereas TP53, BCL2 and FOXO1 mutations were associated with systemic relapse. Lastly, we performed tumor evolution analysis in five patients, identifying significant clonal divergence that accompanied CNS relapse. In summary, we identified both common biology underlying both CNS and systemic relapse, independent of cell-of-origin (COO), and specific COO-enriched gene mutations that conferred a higher risk of either CNS or systemic relapse. Moreover, we identified a pattern of clonal evolution that can explain difficulties in both predicting and treating CNS relapse.

  Study EGAS00001004057

• The spatio-temporal evolution of lymph node spread in early breast cancer

  Purpose: The most significant prognostic factor in early breast cancer is lymph node involvement. This stage between localised and systemic disease is key to understanding breast cancer progression, however our knowledge of the evolution of lymph node malignant invasion remains limited, as most currently available data derive from primary tumours. Experimental design: In 11 treatment-naïve node positive early breast cancer patients without clinical evidence of distant metastasis, we investigated lymph node evolution using spatial multi-region sequencing (n=78 samples) of primary and lymph node deposits and genomic profiling of matched longitudinal circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA). Results: Linear evolution from primary to lymph node was rare (1/11) whereas the majority of cases displayed either early divergence between primary and nodes (4/11), or no detectable divergence (6/11) where both primary and nodal cells belonged to a single recent expansion of a metastatic clone. Divergence of metastatic subclones was driven in part by APOBEC. Longitudinal ctDNA samples from 2 subjects taken peri-operatively reflected the two major evolutionary patterns and demonstrate that private mutations can be detected even from early metastatic nodal deposits. Moreover, node removal resulted in disappearance of private lymph node mutations in ctDNA.Conclusions: This study sheds new light on a crucial evolutionary step in the natural history of breast cancer, demonstrating early establishment of axillary lymph node metastasis in a substantial proportion of patients.

  Study EGAS00001002947

• Atypical 3q26/MECOM rearrangements genocopy inv(3)/t(3;3) in acute myeloid leukemia

  Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with inv(3)/t(3;3)(q21q26) is a distinct WHO recognized entity, characterized by its aggressive course and poor prognosis. In this subtype of AML, the translocation of a GATA2 enhancer (3q21) to MECOM (3q26) results in overexpression of the MECOM isoform EVI1 and monoallelic expression of GATA2 from the unaffected allele. The full-length MECOM transcript, MDS1-EVI1, is not expressed as the result of the 3q26 rearrangement. Besides the classical inv(3)/t(3;3), a number of other 3q26/MECOM rearrangements with poor treatment response have been reported in AML. Here we demonstrate, in a group of 33 AML patients with atypical 3q26 rearrangements, MECOM involvement with EVI1 overexpression, but no or low MDS1-EVI1 levels. Moreover, the 3q26 translocations in these AML patients often involve super-enhancers of genes active in myeloid development (e.g. CD164, PROM1, CDK6 or MYC). In more than 50% of these cases allele specific GATA2 expression was observed, either by copy number loss or by an unexplained allelic imbalance. Altogether, atypical 3q26 recapitulate the main leukemic mechanism of inv(3)/t(3;3) AML, namely EVI1 overexpression driven by enhancer hijacking, absent MDS1-EVI1 expression and potential GATA2 involvement. Therefore, we conclude that both atypical 3q26/MECOM and inv(3)/t(3;3) can be classified as a single entity of 3q26-rearranged AMLs. Routine analyses determining MECOM rearrangements, EVI1 and MDS1-EVI1 expression are required to recognize 3q-rearranged AML cases.

  Study EGAS00001004325

• Single cell transcriptomics of human adrenal gland reveal chromosomal alterations in adrenocortical cells

  Adrenocortical cells get replenished throughout our lifetime and as such they are a cellular population of high interest in relation to adrenocortical tumours. Single cell transcriptomics of human adrenal gland were performed to identify rare subpopulations of cells, dynamics of cellular turnover and clone expansions in the adrenal cortex. The adrenal gland of this particular individual is characterized by the presence of mutant clone charecterized by aneuploidy in chromosomes 8, 9, 13 and 22, occupying the zona glomerulosa and zona fasciculata. Differential expression analysis of the mutant cells revealed upregulation of MC2R (adrenocorticotropic hormone receptor), CYP21A2, HSD3B2 genes (enzymes involved in cortisol production). Overall, this donor sample is an example of clonal tissue expansions carrying chromosomal rearrangements that likely impact organ morphology and function but are seemingly benign.

  Study EGAS00001007488

• Neoadjuvant immune checkpoint blockade in high-risk resectable melanoma

  We conducted a randomized phase II study of neoadjuvant nivolumab versus combined ipilimumab with nivolumab in 23 patients with high-risk resectable melanoma (NCT02519322) and assessed clinical responses and immune correlates. Treatment with combined ipilimumab and nivolumab yielded high response rates (RECIST overall response rate 73%, pathologic complete response rate 45%) but substantial toxicity (73% grade 3 treatment related adverse events), whereas treatment with nivolumab monotherapy yielded modest responses (RECIST overall response rate 25%, pathologic complete response rate 25%) and low toxicity (8% grade 3 treatment related adverse events). Immune correlates of response were identified, demonstrating higher lymphoid infiltrates in responders to both therapies and a more clonal and diverse T cell infiltrate in responders to nivolumab monotherapy. Mutational load was also higher in responders to therapy.

  Study EGAS00001003178

• Localised colon cancer WES study contaning WBCs, tissue and plasma samples at different time points

  Decision-making based on circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) status following curative-intent surgery in stage II-III colon cancer (CC) is where the strongest clinical evidence lies. Commercial or academic assays are predominantly used to detect ctDNA, aiming to reveal minimal residual disease (MRD) and identify patients at high risk of recurrence. However, while current tests demonstrate exceptional specificity in detecting MRD among patients who later experience recurrence, their sensitivity is notably limited, particularly immediately after surgery when decisions regarding ACT are crucial. Additionally, up to 70% of patients with stage II-III colon cancer fail to clear ctDNA after standard adjuvant treatment (ACT) and subsequently experience recurrence. In this study, we performed whole exome sequencing (WES) of ctDNA at different timepoints in relapsed CC patients using two independent cohorts, alongside transcriptomic and proteomic analyses of metastases to gain a deeper understanding of progression mechanisms. An assay based on a tumor-agnostic approach from WES could enhance sensitivity in detecting MRD disease compared to current assays. Immune evasion appears to be the primary driver of progression in the localized CC setting, facilitated by a functional mutational burden at relapse. This suggests that immunotherapy could extend its efficacy to patients with microsatellite stability, broadening treatment options. Moreover, organoid modeling affirms the promising potential of targeted therapy to surpass conventional treatments in eradicating MRD.

  Study EGAS50000000204

• PD-L1 blockade immunotherapy rewires cancer-induced emergency myelopoiesis

  Introduction Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) immunotherapy has revolutionized cancer treatment, demonstrating exceptional clinical responses in a wide range of cancers. Despite the success, a significant proportion of patients still fail to respond, highlighting the existence of unappreciated mechanisms of immunotherapy resistance. Delineating such mechanisms is paramount to minimize immunotherapy failures and optimize the clinical benefit. Methods In this study, we treated tumour-bearing mice with PD-L1 blockage antibody (aPD-L1) immunotherapy, to investigate its effects on cancer-induced emergency myelopoiesis, focusing on bone marrow HSPCs. We examined the impact of aPD-L1 treatment on HSPC quiescence, proliferation, transcriptomic profile, and functionality. Results Herein, we reveal that aPD-L1 in tumour-bearing mice targets the hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) in the bone marrow (ΒΜ), mediating their exit from quiescence and promoting their proliferation. Notably, disruption of the PDL1/PD1 axis induces transcriptomic reprogramming in HSPCs, observed in both individuals with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and tumour-bearing mice, shifting towards an inflammatory state. Furthermore, HSPCs from aPDL1-treated mice demonstrated resistance to cancer-induced emergency myelopoiesis, evidenced by a lower generation of MDSCs compared to control-treated mice. Discussion: Our findings shed light on unrecognized mechanisms of action of ICB immunotherapy in cancer, which involves targeting of BM-driven HSPCs and reprogramming of cancer-induced emergency myelopoiesis.

  Study EGAS00001007873

• Molecular analysis of post-colonoscopy CRC (PCCRC)

  Background: Post-colonoscopy colorectal cancers (PCCRCs, i.e. CRC diagnosed after a colonoscopy that excluded cancer) pose a challenge in clinical practice. In a retrospective cohort study, we compared clinical and molecular features of PCCRCs and prevalent CRCs. Methods: PCCRCs were defined according to the WEO classification, as cancers occurring within 10 years after a complete index colonoscopy, which excluded CRC. Whole genome chromosomal copy number changes and mutation status of genes commonly affected in CRC (APC, KRAS, BRAF, FBXW7, PIK3CA, NRAS, SMAD4 and TP53) were examined by low-coverage WGS and targeted sequencing, respectively. MSI and CIMP status were also determined. Results: In total, 122 PCCRCs and 98 prevalent CRCs were examined. PCCRCs are more often located proximally in the colon (p<0.001), non-polypoid appearing (p=0.004), early stage (p=0.009), and poorly differentiated (p=0.006) compared to prevalent CRCs. PCCRCs contain less frequently 18q deletions (p<0.001) than prevalent CRCs. MSI (p=0.029) and CIMP (p=0.014) are more frequently observed in PCCRCs. Conclusion: Although no PCCRC specific pathway could be defined, PCCRCs’ molecular features are more associated with MSI and hypermethylation pathways than canonical CIN pathway. The clinical and molecular features observed in PCCRCs support the hypothesis that sessile serrated lesions and non-polypoid CRNs are contributors to the development of these cancers."

  Study EGAS00001004686

• SG Peranakan Project: Genetic admixture in the culturally unique Peranakan Chinese population in Southeast Asia

  The Peranakan Chinese are culturally unique descendants of immigrants from China who settled in the Malay Archipelago ~300-500 years ago. Today, among large communities in Southeast Asia, the Peranakans have preserved Chinese traditions with strong influence from the local indigenous Malays. Yet, whether or to what extent genetic admixture co-occurred with the cultural mixture has been a topic of ongoing debate. We performed whole-genome sequencing (WGS) on 177 Singapore (SG) Peranakans and analyzed the data jointly with WGS data of Asian and European populations. We estimated that Peranakan Chinese inherited ~5.62% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 4.75-6.46%) Malay ancestry, much higher than that in SG Chinese (1.08%, 0.69-1.53%), southern Chinese (0.86%, 0.57-1.31%), and northern Chinese (0.25%, 0.18-0.33%). A sex-biased admixture history, in which the Malay ancestry was contributed primarily by females, was supported by X chromosomal variants, and mitochondrial (MT) and Y haplogroups. Finally, we identified an ancient admixture event shared by Peranakan Chinese and SG Chinese ~1,612 (95% CI: 1,345-1,923) years ago, coinciding with the settlement history of Han Chinese in southern China, apart from the recent admixture event with Malays unique to Peranakan Chinese ~190 (159-213) years ago. These findings greatly advance our understanding of the dispersal history of Chinese and their interaction with indigenous populations in Southeast Asia.

  Study EGAS00001005379

• ASD WGS DAC

  This data access committee will oversee the request for applications to whole genome sequencing data (WGS) generated at The Centre for Applied Genomics (TCAG), as part of our Autism Genome Project.

  Dac EGAC50000000279

• Japanese population-specific reference panels (BioBank Japan genotype data)

  Develop Japanese population-specific reference panels to improve imputation quality for GWAS

  Study JGAS000738

• V2_Colorectal_panel_test

  Targeted gene screen of cell line tumour samples for testing the new V2 Colorectal gene panel.

  Study EGAS00001001806

• A96219B

  Whole genome sequencing for single cells for library A96219B 1743 cells; filetype=bam

  Dataset EGAD00001006946

• Additional data for 01_HepG2_LiHG_Ct1, H3K122ac

  Additional histone modification data, not yet released as part of IHEC, for cell line 01_HepG2_LiHG_Ct1, H3K122ac.

  Dataset EGAD00001005954

• A95629A

  Whole genome sequencing for single cells for library A95629A 1023 cells; filetype=bam

  Dataset EGAD00001006939

• ATAC data for Glioblastoma (EGAS00001003953, H016)

  ATAC-seq data for 2 glioblastoma cell lines (LN229, ZH487), NT and SOX10KD.

  Dataset EGAD00001006544

• WGS data (19 tumor/control pairs) for EGAS00001000383

  Part of WGS data for Prostate (ICGC)

  Dataset EGAD00001002669

• A96192B

  Whole genome sequencing for single cells for library A96192B 1304 cells; filetype=bam

  Dataset EGAD00001006944

• A95703B

  Whole genome sequencing for single cells for library A95703B 1267 cells; filetype=bam

  Dataset EGAD00001006942

• SNP data for Ovarian cancer PRS (controls)

  SNP data of 28 sites required for the Ovarian cancer PRS (controls)

  Dataset EGAD00001008145

• WXS files for Roussel-ATRT-TM

  WXS files for Roussel-ATRT-TM paper titled "Atypical teratoid/ rhabdoid tumoroids reveal subgroup-specific drug vulnerabilities"

  Dataset EGAD00001009164

• Additional WXS files for Roussel-ATRT-TM

  Additional WXS files for Roussel-ATRT-TM paper titled "Atypical teratoid/ rhabdoid tumoroids reveal subgroup-specific drug vulnerabilities"

  Dataset EGAD00001010265

• Additional WGS files for Roussel-ATRT-TM

  Additional WGS files for Roussel-ATRT-TM paper titled "Atypical teratoid/ rhabdoid tumoroids reveal subgroup-specific drug vulnerabilities"

  Dataset EGAD00001010264

• McGill EMC Release 4 for assay "smRNA-seq"

  McGill EMC Release 4 for assay "smRNA-seq": Transcriptome profiling by high-throughput sequencing

  Dataset EGAD00001001292

• McGill EMC Release 4 for cell type "induced pluripotent stem cell"

  McGill EMC Release 4 for cell type "induced pluripotent stem cell"

  Dataset EGAD00001001276

• McGill EMC Release 4 for assay "Bisulfite-seq"

  McGill EMC Release 4 for assay "Bisulfite-seq": Methylation profiling by high-throughput sequencing

  Dataset EGAD00001001289

• McGill EMC Release 4 for assay "RNA-seq"

  McGill EMC Release 4 for assay "RNA-seq": Transcriptome profiling by high-throughput sequencing

  Dataset EGAD00001001290

• McGill EMC Release 4 for assay "mRNA-seq"

  McGill EMC Release 4 for assay "mRNA-seq": Transcriptome profiling by high-throughput sequencing

  Dataset EGAD00001001291

• A95728A

  Whole genome sequencing for single cells for library A95728A 876 cells; filetype=bam

  Dataset EGAD00001006943

• Genome-wide characterization of Kuwaiti Arab Population

  All the 620 individuals were genotyped using Illumina HumanOmniExpress arrays for 730,525 SNPs.

  Study EGAS00001005034

• Estonian Biobank | Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu

  The Estonian Biobank is the population-based biobank of the Estonian Genome Centre of University of Tartu. The biobank is conducted according to the Estonian Gene Research Act and all participants have signed broad informed consent. The cohort size is currently 51,535 people from 18 years of age and up. Metabolite concentrations (over 110; NMR and MS) are available for about 12,000 subjects; metabolic follow-up has been done for more than 2000 donors. GWAS has been performed on 20,000 subjects with different Illumina arrays and 2,500 have whole exomes and 2,400 full sequence. The data for the 2,400 fully sequenced samples is available through dbGaP.

  Study phs001230

• Sensitive urothelial cancer detection via high volume urine DNA analysis

  Cystoscopy and imaging are the gold standard for urothelial cancer (UC) detection and surveillance, but cystoscopy is an uncomfortable procedure associated with adverse effects and a low diagnostic yield as only 10% of hematuria patients have UC. Urine tumor DNA (utDNA) is a non-invasive UC biomarker that has suffered from poor sensitivity for Ta stage tumors (<80%). We hypothesized that high urine volume analysis with a multi-gene panel could overcome these limitations, and developed a 100 mL utDNA laboratory platform (UroScout) that analyzes 25 commonly mutated UC genes and 8 copy number-altered loci for somatic alterations to detect UC.

  Study EGAS50000000630

• ChIP-seq in KMS11 and TKO cells

  Histone chIP-seq in t(4;14) Myeloma cell line KMS11 and KMS11 cells with knock-out of translocated NSD2 allele (KMS11 TKO).

  Study EGAS50000000077

• Clonal hematopoiesis in metastatic urothelial and renal cell carcinoma

  This study aimed to determine the prevalence and clinical relevance of clonal hematopoiesis in metastatic urothelial and renal cell carcinoma.

  Study EGAS50000000870

• RISE-UP study: riboflavin supplementation in Crohn's disease

  Taxonomic classification of the fecal microbiota of Crohn's disease patients showing the shift in the gut bacterial community after riboflavin supplementation.

  Study EGAS50000000982

• Integrated Multiomics Uncovers Distinct Macrophage Alterations in Human Metabolic dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis Progression

  We report single-nuclei RNA sequencing data from human livers in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) patients.

  Study EGAS50000000768

• RNA-seq data from iCAF (sorted) and myCAF cluster 0 (spread) CAF-S1 fibroblasts maintained in culture

  RNA-seq data from iCAF (sorted) and myCAF cluster 0 (spread) CAF-S1 fibroblasts maintained in culture

  Study EGAS00001004031

• Epigenome-wide association study of cocaine use disorder in postmortem human brain tissue

  We aimed to identify cocaine use disorder associated DNA methylation alterations in the Brodmann Area 9 brain region.

  Study EGAS00001006826

• Fastq files from target enrichment

  Fastq files generated during target sequencing of 10MB genomic region surrounding top hits in GWAS in a subset of 86 individuals in case families. Paired end sequencing performed on Illumina NextSeq.

  Dataset EGAD00001007801

• DNA polymerase and mismatch repair exert distinct microsatellite instability signatures in normal and malignant human cells

  Whole genome sequencing data used in the manuscript: DNA polymerase and mismatch repair exert distinct microsatellite instability signatures in normal and malignant human cells.

  Dataset EGAD00001006593

• ChIP sequencing in Cancer Cell Lines

  The project is to evaluate the genomic binding sites of the histone demethylase JARID1C. This gene was recently identified in CGP as a novel recessive cancer gene in human renal cell carcinoma.

  Dataset EGAD00001001453

• Epigenetic subtypes of neuroblastoma - ChIPseq

  In the absence of recurrent gene mutations, evidence accumulates that epigenetic deregulation plays a prominent role in neuroblastoma biology. Here we provide genome wide H3K27ac profiles in 60 primary neuroblastoma samples.

  Dataset EGAD00001006285

• Lipomatous tumors with 12q amplification

  The project concerns whole genome sequencing (short-read and long-read) and RNA-sequencing of lipomatous tumors with 12q-amplification. A subset of lipomatous tumors is driven by amplification of genes mapping to chromosome arm 12q, including the MDM2 gene. The goals of the study were to compare expression levels of genes mapping to 12q in tumors with amplification in rod-shaped or circularized chromosomes as well as to assess and compare the structural variants in those tumors. In total, 20 samples were analyzed, and the data were correlated with genomic data on bulk and single cell DNA from the same tumors. The fastq files from the tumors were uploaded to EGA.

  Study EGAS50000000062

• Fragmentomics profiling and quantification of plasma Epstein-Barr virus DNA enhance prediction of future nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

  This study evaluated the clinical utility of fragmentomics analysis of plasma Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) screening. The first-round EBV-positive blood samples from a two-round large-scale prospective NPC screening cohort were analyzed. The EBV DNA of subjects who developed NPC in the second round displayed a distinctive mononucleosomal size pattern, an NPC-associated end motif profile, and aberrations in methylation deduced by fragmentomics-based methylation analysis (FRAGMA). Subjects with these aberrant fragmentomics features and higher EBV DNA quantity showed a dramatically increased risk of NPC development, demonstrating the potential of plasma DNA fragmentomics in predicting future cancer risk.

  Study EGAS50000000395

• Deciphering molecular mechanisms underlying hematological malignancies and development of novel therapeutic approaches

  We aim to identify epigenomic features dysregulated in hematological malignancies through epigenetic analyses of hematological malignant cells. We also perform RNA sequencing to profile tumor cell-specific transcriptomes and target gene sequencing to profile somatic gene mutations in tumor cells. Regarding identified epigenomic abnormalities, we perform further analysis to determine whether they could be good candidates to translate into therapy development. To this end, we will modulate the activity of targets by using their activators and inhibitors in vitro and establish xenograft mouse models of hematological malignancies and manipulate their activity in vivo. Through these studies, we aim to develop new therapeutic agents or modalities that lead to improved patients��� prognosis.

  Study JGAS000603

• Whole genome sequencing and mutation rate analysis of Vietnamese trios with paternal dioxin exposure

  2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) or dioxin, is commonly considered the most toxic man-made substance, and from 1962 to 1971, more than 19 million gallons of Agent Orange (AO) and other toxic chemicals contaminated with dioxin were sprayed in South of Vietnam. Dioxin exposure impacts human health and diseases, and birth defects and teratogenesis were frequently observed in children of persons who have been exposed to dioxin in Vietnam. However, the impact of dioxin on human mutation rate has not yet been analyzed. To identify and characterize the genetic alterations in the individuals exposed to dioxin, we perfomed whole genome sequencing of nine Vietnamese trios whose fathers were exposed to dioxin.

  Study JGAS000137

• Biobank Japan genotype data

  The BioBank Japan (BBJ) is a biobank established in the Institute of Medical Science, the University of Tokyo to collect clinical information and biological materials (DNA and serum samples). It collected about 200 thousand participants of 47 diseases started in 2003 (BBJ 1st cohort), and 67 thousand participants of 38 diseases started in 2013 (BBJ 2nd cohort), both in collaboration with 12 medical centers through the MEXT and AMED's "The BioBank Japan Project." This project is aiming at further utilization of the materials, and clinical and genomic information managed by BBJ to contribute to precision medicine by storing, managing, and providing the materials and data, as well as identifying biomarkers associated with disease risk, prognosis, and drug sensitivity.

  Study JGAS000412

• Biobank Japan genotype data

  The BioBank Japan (BBJ) is a biobank established in the Institute of Medical Science, the University of Tokyo to collect clinical information and biological materials (DNA and serum samples). It collected about 200 thousand participants of 47 diseases started in 2003 (BBJ 1st cohort), and 67 thousand participants of 38 diseases started in 2013 (BBJ 2nd cohort), both in collaboration with 12 medical centers through the MEXT and AMED's "The BioBank Japan Project." This project is aiming at further utilization of the materials, and clinical and genomic information managed by BBJ to contribute to precision medicine by storing, managing, and providing the materials and data, as well as identifying biomarkers associated with disease risk, prognosis, and drug sensitivity.

  Study JGAS000541

• Proteomic Characterization of Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma Identifies Risk-Stratifying Subgroups, Proteins Associated with Time-To-Recurrence, and mTOR Effector Molecule EIF4A1 as a Druggable Therapeutic Target

  Using mass spectrometry-based proteomics, we analyzed two independent cohorts comprising 80 and 62 treatment-naive ICC tumors, 67 adjacent non-malignant tissues, and 9 patient-derived xenografts (PDX). In the first cohort, we identifed two subclusters with distinct times-to-recurrence (TTR). A 4-protein classifier trained on our data cohort accurately stratifies these ICC clusters in the Dong et al. dataset (2022) and in our independent second cohort, revealing similar associations between proteomic motifs and clinical outcomes. The Translation regulator EIF4A1 emerges as a therapeutic target, as its inhibition with novel drug eFT226 significantly reduces tumor growth in an ICC PDX model.

  Study EGAS50000001343

• Elevated somatic mutation burdens in normal human cells due to defective DNA polymerases

  Mutation accumulation over time in normal somatic cells contributes to cancer development and is proposed as a cause of ageing. DNA polymerases POLE and POLD1 replicate DNA with high fidelity during normal cell divisions. However, in some cancers defective proofreading due to acquired mutations in the exonuclease domains of POLE or POLD1 causes markedly elevated somatic mutation burdens with distinctive mutational signatures. POLE and POLD1 exonuclease domain mutations also cause familial cancer predisposition when inherited through the germline. Here, we sequenced normal tissue DNA from individuals with germline POLE or POLD1 exonuclease domain mutations. Increased mutation burdens with characteristic mutational signatures were found to varying extents in all normal adult somatic cell types examined, during early embryogenesis and in sperm. Mutation burdens were further markedly elevated in neoplasms from these individuals. Thus human physiology is able to tolerate ubiquitously elevated mutation burdens. Indeed, with the exception of early onset cancer, individuals with germline POLE and POLD1 exonuclease domain mutations are not reported to show abnormal phenotypic features, including those of premature ageing. The results, therefore, do not support a simple model in which all features of ageing are attributable to widespread cell malfunction directly resulting from somatic mutation burdens accrued during life.

  Dataset EGAD00001006212

• snRNA-seq analysis in multinucleated myogenic FSHD cells identifies heterogeneous FSHD transcriptome signatures associated with embryonic-like program activation and oxidative stress-induced apoptosis

  The sporadic nature of DUX4 expression in FSHD muscle challenges comparative transcriptome analyses between FSHD and control samples. A variety of DUX4 and FSHD-associated transcriptional changes have been identified, but bulk RNA-seq strategies prohibit comprehensive analysis of their spatiotemporal relation, interdependence and role in the disease process. In this study, we used single-nucleus RNA-sequencing of nuclei isolated from patient- and control-derived multinucleated primary myotubes to investigate the cellular heterogeneity in FSHD. Taking advantage of the increased resolution in snRNA-sequencing of fully differentiated myotubes, two distinct populations of DUX4-affected nuclei could be defined by their transcriptional profiles. Our data provides insights into the differences between these two populations and suggests heterogeneity in two well-known FSHD-associated transcriptional aberrations: increased oxidative stress and inhibition of myogenic differentiation. Additionally, we provide evidence that DUX4-affected nuclei share transcriptome features with early embryonic cells beyond the well-described cleavage stage, progressing into the 8-cell and blastocyst stages. Altogether, our data suggests that the FSHD transcriptional profile is defined by a mixture of individual and sometimes mutually exclusive DUX4-induced responses and cellular state-dependent downstream effects.

  Study EGAS00001007635

• Cell type mapping of inflammatory muscle diseases highlights selective myofiber vulnerability in inclusion body myositis

  Inclusion body myositis (IBM) is the most prevalent inflammatory muscle disease in older adults with no effective therapy available. In contrast to other inflammatory myopathies like subacute immune-mediated necrotizing myopathy (IMNM), IBM follows a chronic disease course with both inflammatory and degenerative features of pathology. Moreover, causal factors and molecular drivers of IBM progression are largely unknown. Therefore, we paired single-nucleus RNA sequencing with spatial transcriptomics from patient muscle biopsies to map cell type-specific drivers underlying IBM pathogenesis compared to IMNM muscles and non-inflammatory skeletal muscle samples. In IBM muscles, we observed a selective loss of type 2 myonuclei paralleled by increased levels of cytotoxic T and cDC1 cells. IBM myofibers were either characterized by upregulation of cell stress markers featuring GADD45A and NORAD, or protein degradation markers including RNF7 associated with p62 aggregates. GADD45A upregulation was preferentially seen in type 2A myofibers associated with severe tissue inflammation. We also noted IBM-specific upregulation of ACHE encoding acetylcholinesterase, which can be regulated by NORAD activity and result in functional denervation of myofibers. Our results provide promising insights into possible mechanisms of myofiber degeneration in IBM and suggest a selective type 2 fiber vulnerability linked to genomic stress and denervation pathways.

  Study EGAS50000000310

• Clinical genome sequencing uncovers potentially targetable truncations and fusions of MAP3K8 in spitzoid and other melanomas

  Spitzoid melanoma is a specific morphologic variant of melanoma that most commonly affects children and adolescents and ranges on the spectrum of malignancy from low-grade to overtly malignant. These tumors are generally driven by fusions of ALK, RET, NTRK1/3, MET, ROS1 and BRAF. However, in approximately 50% of cases, no genetic driver has been established. Clinical whole genome and transcriptome sequencing (RNA-Seq) of a spitzoid tumor from an adolescent revealed a novel gene fusion of MAP3K8, encoding a serine−threonine kinase that activates MEK. The patient who had exhausted all other therapeutic options was treated with a MEK inhibitor and underwent a transient clinical response. We subsequently analyzed spitzoid tumors from 49 patients by RNA-Seq and found in-frame fusions or C-terminal truncations in 33% of cases. The fusion transcripts and truncated genes all contained MAP3K8 exons 1-8 but lacked the autoinhibitory final exon. Data mining of RNA-Seq from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) uncovered analogous MAP3K8 rearrangements in 1.5% of adult melanomas. Thus, MAP3K8 rearrangements - uncovered by comprehensive clinical sequencing of a single case - are the most common genetic event in spitzoid melanoma, are present in adult melanomas, and could be amenable to MEK inhibition.

  Study EGAS00001003430

• Genetic landscape of pediatric ETV6-RUNX1 acute lymphoblastic leukemia

  Abstract in preparation

  Study EGAS00001001315