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• Targeting FGFR1 for treatment of soft-tissue sarcoma (H021)

  Purpose: Altered FGFR1 signaling has emerged as therapeutic target in various epithelial malignancies. In contrast, the role of FGFR1 in soft-tissue sarcoma (STS) has not been established. Prompted by the detection and subsequent therapeutic inhibition of amplified FGFR1 in a patient with metastatic leiomyosarcoma, we investigated the oncogenic properties and potential as drug target of FGFR1 in STS.Experimental Design: The frequency of FGFR1 amplification and overexpression, as assessed by fluorescence in situ hybridization, microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization and mRNA expression profiling, SNP array profiling, and RNA sequencing, was determined in three independent patient cohorts. The sensitivity of STS cell lines with or without FGFR1 alterations to genetic and pharmacologic FGFR1 inhibition and the signaling pathways engaged by FGFR1 were investigated using short-term viability assays, long-term colony formation assays, and biochemical analysis.Results: Increased FGFR1 copy number was detected in 74 of 190 (38.9%; Cohort 1), 13 of 79 (16.5%; Cohort 2), and 80 of 254 (31.5%; Cohort 3) patients. FGFR1 overexpression occurred in 16 of 79 (20.2%, Cohort 2) and 39 of 254 (15.4%; Cohort 3) patients. Targeting of FGFR1 by short hairpin RNA-mediated knockdown and different small-molecule inhibitors (PD173074, AZD4547, BGJ398) revealed that the requirement for FGFR1 signaling in STS cells is primarily dictated by FGFR1 expression levels, and identified the MAPK-ERK1/2 axis as critical FGFR1 effector pathway.Conclusion: These data identify FGFR1 as driver gene in multiple STS subtypes and support FGFR1 inhibition, guided by patient selection according to FGFR1 expression and monitoring of MAPK-ERK1/2 signaling, as therapeutic option in this challenging group of diseases.H021

  Study EGAS00001001844

• DSRCT RNA genomic sequencing

  Purpose: To further understand the molecular pathogenesis of desmoplastic small round cell tumor (DSRCT), a rare but often fatal malignancy occurring primarily in young males, we used next-generation RNA sequencing to investigate the gene expression profiles intrinsic to this disease.Experimental Design: RNA from DSRCT tumor samples were obtained from the Cooperative Human Tissue Network biorepository. RNA sequencing was completed using the Illumina HiSeq 2000 system. Presence of the EWSR1-WT1 fusion was verified using both RNA-sequencing and PCR. Validation studies, including WT1 ChIP-seq, RNA sequencing, and EWS-WT1 knockdown experiments, were performed on an established DSRCT cell line, JN-DSRCT-1. Protein expression of clinically relevant genes determined by RNA sequencing was confirmed using immunohistochemistry. A panel of immune signature genes was also evaluated to identify possible immune therapeutic targets. Results: We analyzed the RNA from 14 tumor samples, of which two were confirmed negative for the diagnostic EWSR1-WT1 translocation. Principal component analysis of the sequencing data indicated that fusion-negative and fusion-positive tumors are transcriptionally distinct entities. Overlapping the significant ChIP-seq peaks with genes found to be highly expressed in the RNA sequencing data revealed that IGF2 and FGFR4 were both highly expressed, and targets of the EWS-WT1 fusion gene. This finding has potential clinical relevance for targeted therapeutic intervention. In addition, we identified the immune checkpoints CD200 and CD276 as potentially targetable genes whose expression is independent of the EWS-WT1 fusion gene in vitro.Conclusions: Despite the transcriptional complexity of this disease, we were able to identify IGF2, FGFR4, CD200, and CD276 as potential therapeutic targets for patients suffering from DSRCT.

  Study EGAS00001002770

• ctDNA monitoring using patient-specific sequencing and integration of variant reads - Breast cohort

  Circulating tumor-derived DNA (ctDNA) can be used to monitor cancer dynamics noninvasively. Detection of ctDNA can be challenging in patients with low-volume or residual disease, where plasma contains very few tumor-derived DNA fragments. We show that sensitivity for ctDNA detection in plasma can be improved by analyzing hundreds to thousands of mutations that are first identified by tumor genotyping. We describe the INtegration of VAriant Reads (INVAR) pipeline, which combines custom error-suppression methods and signal-enrichment approaches based on biological features of ctDNA. With this approach, the detection limit in each sample can be estimated independently based on the number of informative reads sequenced across multiple patient-specific loci. We applied INVAR to custom hybrid-capture sequencing data from 176 plasma samples from 105 patients with melanoma, lung, renal, glioma, and breast cancer across both early and advanced disease. By integrating signal across a median of >105 informative reads, ctDNA was routinely quantified to 1 mutant molecule per 100,000, and in some cases with high tumor mutation burden and/or plasma input material, to individual parts per million. This resulted in median Area Under the Curve (AUC) values of 0.98 in advanced cancers, and 0.80 in early stage and challenging settings for ctDNA detection. We generalized this method to whole-exome and whole-genome sequencing, showing that the INVAR may be applied without requiring personalized sequencing panels, so long as a tumor mutation list is available. As tumor sequencing becomes increasingly performed, such methods for personalized cancer monitoring may enhance the sensitivity of cancer liquid biopsies.

  Study EGAS00001004446

• Immune microenvironment and lineage tracing help deciphering Rosette-forming GlioNeuronal Tumors: a multi-omic analysis of 9 cases

  Rosette-forming GlioNeuronal Tumor (RGNT) is a rare central nervous system neoplasm containing two components, glial and neuronal. The delineation of histological diagnosis of RGNT from similar low-grade tumors such as pilocytic astrocytoma (PA) and ganglioglioma (GG) may be challenging. We performed here a comprehensive molecular analysis of a cohort of tumors with same histology features to identify molecular characteristics of RGNT. A cohort of 9 rosette-forming tumors histologically-diagnosed were analyzed at molecular level using multimodal approaches as Whole Exome Sequencing (WES), RNAseq and methylome. In our cohort, 3 tumors were plotted within the Methylation Class-RGNT (MC-RGNT) characterized by FGFR1 mutation associated with PIK3CA or NF1 mutations. Transcriptome analysis was performed in 7 cases. RNAseq identified a “Hot” and a “Cold” transcriptomic group; the latter includes the 3 MC-RGNT and 1 MC-Pilocytic Astrocytoma and exhibited a “Cold” immune tumor microenvironment in comparison with the “Hot” group. The distinct immune cell content of both groups was confirmed by quantitative immunostainings. Get Set Enrichment Analysis showed that the “Cold” group had upregulated NOTCH pathway and mainly oligodendrocyte precursor cell and neuronal phenotypes while the “Hot” group exhibited predominantly astrocytic and neural stem cell phenotypes. In silico deconvolution identified the cerebellar granule cell lineage as a putative origin and as the cell context to understand the effects of genetic alterations and NOTCH signaling. Histological diagnosis of rosette-forming tumors encompasses heterogeneous tumor entities. Our study identified distinct tumor cell contexts and microenvironments as key features to better understand and manage these neoplasms.

  Study EGAS00001006502

• Determinants of Venetoclax Resistance

  The study aimed to identify genetic determinants of resistance to Venetoclax, a recently approved BCL-2 inhibitor for patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Whole exome sequencing of tumor samples from 6 CLL patients relapsing on Venetoclax revealed clonal evolution when comparing pre- and post-Venetoclax samples. Genetic screens for genes involved in sensitivity to Venetoclax and investigations of resistant cell lines (including OCI-Ly1) revealed MCL-1 and regulators of cellular energy metabolism (AMPK pathway) to drive resistance to Venetoclax. Further explorations of patient samples confirmed MCL-1 expression and AMPK activation to be increased at relapse on Venetoclax.

  Study phs001875

• Bulk RNA-seq of monocytes and in vitro cultured monocyte-derived macrophages of ANCA-associated vasculitis patients with active and stable disease and healthy controls

  To study monocyte and macrophage activation in ANCA-associtated vasculitis (AAV), we performed bulk RNA sequencing of bead-selected monocytes and in vitro cultured monocyte-derived macrophages from AAV patients and healthy controls. Overview patients included for sequencing monocytes: - AAV active disease, n=4, MPO-AAV=4 - AAV remission, n=10, PR3-AAV=5, MPO-AAV=5 - Healthy controls, n=6 Overview patients included for sequencing monocyte-derived macrophages: - AAV active, n=1, PR3-AAV=1 - AAV remission, n=3, PR3-AAV=3 - Healthy controls, n=3

  Study EGAS50000000311

• Primary breast tumor heterogeneity through therapy

  We performed whole-exome sequencing on multiple regions (n=2-3) from four primary untreated breast tumors (n=1 HER2+, n=2 ER+/HER2-, n=1 triple-negative), as well as matched normal. We also performed whole-exome sequencing on one region from the pre-treatment diagnostic core biopsy and multiple regions (n=2-6) from the post-treatment surgical specimen for five HER2+ primary breast tumors, as well as matched normal; all were treated with combination chemotherapy and trastuzumab. Analysis of these specimens allows characterization of breast tumor heterogeneity and clonal evolution.

  Study EGAS00001003168

• Whole transcriptome sequencing of chemotherapy-resistant muscle-invasive urothelial bladder cancer

  All mRNA sequencing data were acquired from single patients (BC159T) at a different time (BC159-T#1, BC159-T#2, and BC159-T#3). The first transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TUR-BT) (BC159-T#1) was diagnosed with non-MIUBC (muscle-invasive urothelial bladder cancer). Despite of intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG), the patient progressed into MIUBC at the second TUR-BT (BC159-T#2). After undergoing multiple neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimens (gemcitabine/paclitaxel and sequential paclitaxel), the patient developed local recurrence and multiple lung metastases and removed following palliative partial cystectomy (BC159-T#3).

  Study EGAS00001004232

• MD Anderson GU Data DAC 1

  Dac EGAC00001001412

• Age_TrainTest

  Rounded chronological age of the participants

  Dataset EGAD00010002755

• Age_Validation

  Rounded chronological age of the participants

  Dataset EGAD00010002753

• Health and Retirement Study (HRS)

  Introduction to V2: This data release comprises data from the V1 release combined with approximately 3,000 additional samples, collected during the HRS 2010 field period. The 2010 data include samples from a random half of the new cohort enrolled in 2010 along with a significant expansion of the minority sample. Description: The University of Michigan Health and Retirement Study (HRS) is a longitudinal panel study that surveys a representative sample of approximately 20,000 people in America over the age of 50 every two years. Supported by the National Institute on Aging (NIA U01AG009740) and the Social Security Administration, the HRS explores the changes in labor force participation and the health transitions that individuals undergo toward the end of their work lives and in the years that follow. The study collects information about income, work, assets, pension plans, health insurance, disability, physical health and functioning, cognitive functioning, and health care expenditures. Through its unique and in-depth interviews, the HRS provides an invaluable and growing body of multidisciplinary data that researchers can use to address important questions about the challenges and opportunities of aging. Because of its innovation and importance, the HRS has become the model and hub for a growing network of harmonized longitudinal aging studies around the world. Origins of the HRS. As the population ages it is increasingly important to obtain reliable data about aging and topics that are relevant to a range of policy issues in aging. To address this need, the National Institutes on Aging (NIA) established a cooperative agreement with the University of Michigan Institute for Social Research to collect such data. The HRS launched data collection in 1992 and has re-interviewed the original sample of respondents every two years since then. By adding new cohorts and refreshing the sample, the HRS has grown to become the largest, most representative longitudinal panel study of Americans 50 years and older. HRS Study Design. The target population for the original HRS cohort includes all adults in the contiguous United States born during the years 1931-1941 who reside in households, with a 2:1 oversample of African-American and Hispanic populations. The original sample is refreshed with new birth cohorts (51-56 years of age) every six years. The sample has been expanded over the years to include a broader range of birth cohorts as well. The target population for the AHEAD survey consists of United States household residents who were born in 1923 or earlier. Children of the Depression (CODA) recruits households born 1924-1930, War Babies 1942-47, Early Boomers 1948-53, and Mid-Boomers 1954-59. Data collection includes a mixed mode design combining in-person, telephone, mail, and Internet. For consenting respondents, HRS data are linked at the individual level to administrative records from Social Security and Medicare claims. Genetic Research in the HRS. The HRS has genotyped 2.5 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on respondents using Illumina's Human Omni2.5-Quad (Omni2.5) BeadChip. The genotyping was performed by the NIH Center for Inherited Disease Research (CIDR). Saliva was collected on half of the HRS sample each wave starting in 2006. In 2006, saliva was collected using a mouthwash collection method. From 2008 onward, the data collection method switched to the Oragene kit. Saliva completion rates were 83% in 2006, 84% in 2008, and 80% in 2010 among new cohort enrollees. HRS Phenotypic data. Phenotypic data are available on a variety of dimensions. Health measures include physical/psychological self-report, various health conditions, disabilities, cognitive performance, health behaviors (smoking, drinking, exercise), physical performance and anthropomorphic measures, and biomarkers (HbA1c, Total Cholesterol, HDL, CRP, Cystatin-C). Data are also available on health services including utilization, insurance and out-of-pocket spending with linkage to Medicare records. Economic measures include employment status/history, earnings, disability, retirement, type of work, income by source, wealth by asset type, capital gains/debt, consumption, linkage to pensions, Social Security earnings/benefit histories. There is also extensive information on family structure, proximity, transfers to/from of money, time, social and psychological characteristics, as well as a wide range of demographics. Performance on a cognitive test combining immediate and delayed word recall was selected as an example trait for the dbGaP data release. In the immediate word recall task the interviewer reads a list of 10 nouns to the respondent and asks the respondent to recall as many words as possible from the list in any order. After approximately five minutes of asking other survey questions, the respondent is asked to recall the nouns previously presented as part of the immediate recall task. The total recall score is the sum of the correct answers to these two tasks, with a range of 0 to 20. Researchers who wish to link to other HRS measures not in dbGaP will be able to apply for access from HRS. A separate Data Use Agreement (DUA) will be required for linkage to the HRS data. See the HRS website (http://hrsonline.isr.umich.edu/gwas) for details.

  Study phs000428

• T1DGC GWAS 1958 British Birth Cohort controls

  T1DGC genome-wide case-control association study for Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) using the 1958 British Birth Cohort as controls. The cases for this study are made available from the NCBI dbGAP.

  Study EGAS00000000038

• Total RNA sequencing of fibroblasts from unmethylated full mutation carrier 1

  Total RNA sequencing of fibroblasts from an individual with a fragile X syndrome related unmethylated full mutation (UFM1). Libraries were prepared with total RNA with Ribo-Zero ribosomal RNA depletion (illumina), and sequenced paired-end, 75bp on a NextSeq 550 system. This dataset contains three RNA-sequencing replicates from the same cell line.

  Dataset EGAD50000000918

• DNA methylation changes associated with hyperglycemia in type 1 diabetes

  This dataset includes DNA methylation profiles from 112 young with Type 1 Diabetes (T1D) at T1D diagnosis, who were longitudinally monitored for hyperglycemia over an average duration of 3 years. These datasets were generated using whole-genome bisulfite sequencing. It includes 1872 fastq files (i.e. 936 paired-end fastq files) generated through 150 bp paired-end sequencing on Illumina HiSeqX.

  Dac EGAC50000000237

• Gut microbiome sequencing in patients receiving combination immune checkpoint blockade

  This dataset contains 16S and WMS data for gut (fecal) microbiome samples taken from patients treated with combined anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 checkpoint blockade for advanced melanoma.

  Study EGAS00001004885

• Shallow whole genome sequencing on stage 1 epithelial ovarian cancer

  BAM files (aligned against the hg38 genome) from a shallow whole-genome sequencing experiment (median depth 0.5X) on 218 samples from Stage 1 epithelial ovarian cancer biopises. Samples labeled "bis" or "tris" with the same ID are relapses; "left" or "right" samples indicate, in the case of bilateral tumor, from which ovary the sample was taken.

  Dataset EGAD00001006881

• Myocardial Infarction Genetics Exome Sequencing Consortium: Malmo Diet and Cancer Study

  The Malmo Diet and Cancer Study (MDCS) is a community-based prospective epidemiologic cohort of 28,449 subjects who were recruited for baseline examination between 1991 and 1996. From this cohort, 6103 subjects were randomly selected to participate in a cardiovascular cohort (MDCSCC), which seeks to investigate risk factors for cardiovascular disease. This study is a subset of those samples. All exome sequencing was performed at the Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT; samples sequence capture was performed using Illumina's ICE Capture reagent and sequencing was performed on an Illumina HiSeq 2000 or 2500.

  Study phs001101

• NHLBI TOPMed: Study of African Americans, Asthma, Genes and Environment (SAGE)

  This is a parallel case-control pharmacogenetic study of bronchodilator drug response among African American children with and without asthma. Each participant had spirometry measured using the KoKo PFT System. Asthmatic participants were administered with 4 puffs of HFA Albuterol. Healthy participants were given a baseline spirometry test. The overall goal is to identify genetic factors which are predictive of drug response in children with asthma. The principal tools include a questionnaire and biological specimen collection. Participants were 8-21 years old at time of recruitment. Children with asthma have physician-diagnosed asthma, symptoms and medications.

  Study phs000921

• Biology and Molecular Analysis of Human Hematopoiesis Genetics

  In this study we have performed exome sequencing using the hybrid capture method that has previously been described (Gnirke et al., Nature Biotechnology, 2009) on genomic DNA samples from patients with the congenital bone marrow failure syndrome that affects the erythroid lineage, specifically, Diamond-Blackfan anemia. This disease is characterized by a hypoplastic anemia and approximately 50% of cases are attributable to mutations in ribosomal protein gene subunits. The other 50% of cases do not have a known genetic etiology and the purpose of this study is to attempt to delineate such causes.

  Study phs000474

• Joint Addiction, Aging, and Mental Health (JAAMH) Data Access Committee General Research Use Datasets

  This collection contains all the Joint Addiction, Aging, and Mental Health (JAAMH) Data Access Committee General Research Use Datasets authorized individual-level genomic datasets currently in dbGaP that are approved for General Research Use (GRU) and have no further limitations beyond those outlined in the model Data Use Certification Agreement. The public posting of Genomic Summary Results is allowed. Access to this study collection will include additional authorized individual-level GRU datasets that become available. Renewal of this study collection is required annually. To request access to this study collection, select phs003202 in the dbGaP Authorized Access System.

  Study phs003202

• Functional Analysis of Genetic Variants in African Americans with Breast Cancer

  The goal of this study is to identify and characterize novel genetic variants associated with a predisposition to breast cancer (BCa) in African Americans (AAs) using a family case-family control study design. Variants of unknown clinical significance (VUS) were characterized using bioinformatics tools. Future studies will further characterize select VUSs using in vitro genomic editing methods and functional assays to determine the functional consequences. The targeted sequencing data is made available for 85 actionable cancer genes. These genes have been previously classified with deleterious mutation(s) and whose phenotype results in a specific, defined medical recommendation(s).

  Study phs002977

• Rapid Acceleration of Diagnostics - Digital Health Technologies (RADx-DHT): NIH Digital Health Solutions for COVID-19: Clear2Go - A Digital Identity Wallet for Health Status

  Clear2Go is a solution/app that provides digital, non-refutable cryptographic proof of testing or vaccination that can be used to evaluate risk of allowing individuals to return to normal work, travel, and public life activities. It is a mobile service that maps a person's vetted identity and biometrics to the phone and then cryptographically binds it with their COVID-19 test and vaccination records. The person can then prove their status by utilizing the credentials with a QRCode or NFC tap.DOI: https://rapids.ll.mit.edu/10.57895/b2d6-8060

  Study phs002628

• Single Cell Colony Whole Genome Sequencing Data From Individuals With Telomere Syndromes

  This is an observational study which examined the phylogenetic evolution of somatic clonal mutations in POT1 mutation carriers. Two individuals with telomere syndromes who carry a heterozygous germline POT1 p.R273Q variant and one related control who did not carry this variant were studied. Single cell hematopoietic colonies were derived from peripheral blood mononuclear isolates. These colonies were analyzed by whole genome sequencing (WGS) and phylogenetic trees were reconstructed accordingly. Phylogenetic reconstruction of somatic mutations show clonality is increased among POT1 p.R273Q mutation carriers and co-occurs with known clonal hematopoiesis driver mutations, including DNMT3A and/or JAK2.

  Study phs003207

• Stanford Center for Urologic Genomics: Genomic Analysis of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia

  Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) entails growth in the central regions of the prostate gland and is common among older men. BPH obstructs urinary outflow, resulting in voiding symptoms for which current treatments that target prostate physiology are only partially effective. A better understanding of BPH may suggest new treatment strategies that target its pathophysiology. The overall goal of the study is to apply next-generation sequencing-based approaches to investigate BPH, to discover new insight into BPH disease processes and new targets for precision therapy, and to determine whether the hyperplasia reflects underlying clonal expansions of prostatic cells.

  Study phs001698

• Whole Genome Sequencing of Bilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Families from Africa: CIDR

  The focus of this study is to identify and test both common and rare genetic variants that elevate risk for CL/P, and to identify genetic variants associated with specific orofacial cleft (OFC) phenotypes in the population that has accumulated the greatest genetic variation in the human race. We hypothesize that bilateral complete cleft lip and palate (BCLP), the most clinically severe form of OFC, is associated with a higher mutation load than less severe forms (cleft lip only and unilateral cleft lip and palate) and focusing on BCLP will facilitate the discovery of novel risk variants.

  Study phs002623

• The variable genomic landscape during osteosarcoma progression: insights from a longitudinal WGS analysis

  Osteosarcoma is a primary bone tumor that exhibits a complex genome characterized by gross chromosomal abnormalities. Osteosarcoma patients often develop metastatic disease, resulting in limited therapeutic options and poor survival rates. To gain knowledge on the mechanisms underlying osteosarcoma heterogeneity and metastatic process, it is important to obtain a detailed profile of the genomic alterations that accompany osteosarcoma progression. Therefore, in this study we performed WGS on multiple tissue samples from six patients with osteosarcoma, including the treatment naïve biopsy of the primary tumor, resection of the primary tumor after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, local recurrence and distant metastases.

  Study EGAS50000000329

• Divergent WNT Signaling and Drug Sensitivity Profiles within Hepatoblastoma Tumors and Organoids

  Hepatoblastoma, the most prevalent pediatric liver cancer, almost always carries a WNT-activating CTNNB1 mutation, yet exhibits notable molecular heterogeneity. To characterize this heterogeneity and identify novel targeted therapies, we perform comprehensive analysis of hepatoblastomas and tumor-derived organoids using single-cell RNA-seq/ATAC-seq, spatial transcriptomics, and high-throughput drug profiling. We identify two distinct tumor epithelial signatures: hepatic ‘fetal’ and WNT-high ‘embryonal’, displaying divergent WNT signaling patterns. The fetal group is enriched for liver-specific WNT targets, while the embryonal group is enriched in canonical WNT target genes.

  Study EGAS50000000561

• Rapid Acceleration of Diagnostics - Underserved Populations (RADx-UP) Collection of General Research Use Datasets

  This individual-level collection of datasets contains all the RADx Underserved Populations (RADx-UP) studies in dbGaP for General Research Use (GRU) and have no further limitations beyond those outlined in the model RADx Data Use Certification Agreement. Access to this study collection will include additional authorized individual-level GRU datasets that become available. Renewal of this study collection is required annually. Access to studies in this collection is on the RADx® Data Hub. To request access to this study collection, select phs003832 in the dbGaP when submitting a data access request.

  Study phs003832

• Rapid Acceleration of Diagnostics - Tech Program (RADx-Tech) Collection of General Research Use Datasets

  This individual-level collection of datasets contains all the RADx® Tech Programs (RADx-Tech) studies in dbGaP for General Research Use (GRU) and have no further limitations beyond those outlined in the model RADx Data Use Certification Agreement. Access to this study collection will include additional authorized individual-level GRU datasets that become available. Renewal of this study collection is required annually. Access to studies in this collection is on the RADx® Data Hub. To request access to this study collection, select phs003831 in the dbGaP when submitting a data access request.

  Study phs003831

• Rapid Acceleration of Diagnostics - Radical (RADx-rad) Collection of General Research Use Datasets

  This individual-level collection of datasets contains all the RADx® Radical (RADx-rad) studies in dbGaP for General Research Use (GRU) and have no further limitations beyond those outlined in the model RADx Data Use Certification Agreement. Access to this study collection will include additional authorized individual-level GRU datasets that become available. Renewal of this study collection is required annually. Access to studies in this collection is on the RADx® Data Hub. To request access to this study collection, select phs003834 in the dbGaP when submitting a data access request.

  Study phs003834

• NHLBI TOPMed - NHGRI CCDG: Groningen Genetics of Atrial Fibrillation (GGAF) Study

  Atrial fibrillation (also called AFib or AF) is a quivering or irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia) that can lead to blood clots, stroke, heart failure and other heart-related complications. The Groningen Genetics of Atrial Fibrillation (GGAF) cohort is a cohort composed from 5 different sources of individuals with atrial fibrillation (AF) and age and sex-matched controls. Written informed consent was provided from all participating individuals, and all 5 studies were approved by the ethical committee at the University Medical Center (www.atrialfibrillationresearch.nl) and Maastricht University. All samples selected for TOPMed WGS are from individuals with atrial fibrillation.

  Study phs001725

• The Multiethnic Cohort (MEC) Study

  The Multiethnic Cohort (MEC) study of over 215,000 men and women in Hawaii and California is unique in that it is population-based and includes large representations of older adults (45-75 years at baseline) for five US racial/ethnic groups (Japanese Americans, African Americans, European Americans, Latinos and Native Hawaiians) at varying risks of chronic diseases. The MEC has established a large biorepository of mainly blood and urine collected from over 70,000 participants, linked to extensive, prospectively collected risk factors (e.g., diet, smoking, physical activity), biomarkers and clinical data for five racial/ethnic groups.

  Study phs002183

• mRNA-seq of paired Follicular Lymphoma (FL) patient samples before and after high-grade transformation to DLBCL (FL vs. tFL) from FFPE tissues

  The aim of this study was to analyze transcriptional changes in paired samples of follicular lymphoma (FL) and its histological transformation (tFL). Transformation of FL is an adverse event in the course of the disease and is associated with poor outcome. Several genetic aberrations have been linked to tFL pathogenesis, but gene expression changes and microenvironmental interactions have not been well characterized. We performed RNA profiling of FL and paired tFL samples transformed to DLBCL (n=11 pairs). For RNA profiling, we utilized libraries prepared using RNA isolated from archival FFPE tissues.

  Study EGAS50000000941

• Feasibility study of enzymatic methylation sequencing of cell-free DNA from cerebrospinal fluid of pediatric brain tumors for classification

  Array-based DNA methylation profiling is the gold standard for molecular classification of brain tumors. However, it relies on significant amount of input DNA extracted from surgical tissue, thus limiting its use for tumors where biopsy is challenging or limited in quantity. Cell-free tumor DNA (cfDNA) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) presents alternative opportunities for brain tumor diagnosis and disease monitoring following treatment. Novel enzymatic DNA methylation sequencing (EM-seq) methods may allow us to overcome input DNA limitations and accurately quantify methylation from cfDNA for tumor classification.

  Study EGAS50000000871

• miRNA-seq of paired Follicular Lymphoma (FL) patient samples before and after high-grade transformation to DLBCL (FL vs. tFL) from FFPE tissues

  The aim of this study was to analyze transcriptional changes in paired samples of follicular lymphoma (FL) and its histological transformation (tFL). Transformation of FL is an adverse event in the course of the disease and is associated with poor outcome. Several genetic aberrations have been linked to tFL pathogenesis, but gene expression changes and microenvironmental interactions have not been well characterized. We performed miRNA profiling of FL and paired tFL samples transformed to DLBCL (n=10 pairs). For miRNA profiling, we utilized libraries prepared using RNA isolated from archival FFPE tissues.

  Study EGAS50000000942

• ABHD11 inhibition drives sterol metabolism to modulate T cell effector function and alleviate autoimmunity

  Chronic inflammation in autoimmunity is driven by hyperactive T cells with dysregulated metabolism. ABHD11 is a mitochondrial hydrolase that supports alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase function and has been associated with remission in rheumatoid arthritis. To explore its role in T cell function, we used CRISPR/Cas9 to knock down ABHD11 in Jurkat T cells and performed RNA-Seq analysis. Differential gene expression revealed widespread transcriptional changes, with sterol-related pathways among the most significantly enriched. These findings highlight ABHD11 as a potential regulator of metabolic programming in T cells with implications for autoimmunity.

  Study EGAS50000001297

• Research for candidate genes of splenic epidermoid cyst

  Splenic epidermoid cyst is a very rare benign tumor-like lesion filled with fluid or semi-fluid material. It occurs mostly in 2nd or 3rd decades of life with some female dominance. Most cases are asymptomatic and the clinical symptoms are dependent on the size of the cyst. Exome re-sequencing is an efficient strategy to selectively sequence the protein-coding regions of the genome, and has increasingly been used to identify novel genetic variants underlying Mendelian diseases. In this study, exome re-sequencing of 8 Japanese patients with splenic epidermoid cyst were conducted.

  Study JGAS000008

• Global Architecture of anti-Tumor B-Cell Immunity against Gastric Cancer

  Recent successes in tumor immunotherapies have warranted the importance of tumor immunity. Compared to the T-cell immunity, B-cell immune system in cancer is largely elusive. Here we immunogenetically profiled tumor-infiltrating B-cell and T-cell repertoires for exome- characterized diffuse-type gastric carcinoma (DGC), which is remarkable for its B-cell infiltrations, unraveling previously un-defined architectures of B-cell immunity and its interplays with T-cell immunity in cancer. We also performed transcriptome analysis to enumerate the proportions of tumor-infiltrating immune cells in the gastric cancer environment .

  Study JGAS000141

• Expression quantitative trait loci analysis using human immune cells in a Japanese population

  Recent evidence suggests that a substantial portion of complex disease risk alleles modify gene expression in a cell-specific manner. Therefore, it is reasonable to expect that cell-specific expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analysis can identify the candidate causal mechanisms of complex diseases (an eQTL is a variant whose polymorphism affects gene expression). We fractionated peripheral blood from 105 healthy Japanese volunteers into five major immune cell subsets (CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, B cells, NK cells, and monocytes). We quantified gene and exon expression by RNA sequencing, and tested associations with neighboring common variants (MAF ? 0.05).

  Study JGAS000085

• Global Architecture of anti-Tumor B-Cell Immunity against Gastric Cancer

  Recent successes in tumor immunotherapies have warranted the importance of tumor immunity. Compared to the T-cell immunity, B-cell immune system in cancer is largely elusive. Here we immunogenetically profiled tumor-infiltrating B-cell and T-cell repertoires for exome- characterized diffuse-type gastric carcinoma (DGC), which is remarkable for its B-cell infiltrations, unraveling previously un-defined architectures of B-cell immunity and its interplays with T-cell immunity in cancer. We also performed transcriptome analysis to enumerate the proportions of tumor-infiltrating immune cells in the gastric cancer environment .

  Study JGAS000103

• Whole exome sequencing of uterine adenomyosis

  Uterine adenomyosis, defined by proliferation of the ectopic endometrial glands in myometrium, is a common benign uterine disorder that significantly impairs the quality of life of the women it affects. Adenomyosis lesions have chronic inflammatory reactions as well as cancer-like features such as invasive capacity into the normal myometrium. In contrast to endometriosis and leiomyoma, the genomic characterization of adenomyosis has yet to be reported. We conducted high-coverage whole exome sequencing analyses of freshly frozen adenomyosis samples, as well as co-occurring leiomyoma. Our WES analyses showed that adenomyosis is a clonal disorder with somatic mutations.

  Study JGAS000169

• Reconstruction of the personal information from human genome reads in gut metagenome sequencing data

  Human DNA present in fecal samples can result in a small number of human reads in gut shotgun metagenomic sequencing data. However, it is currently unclear how much personal information can be reconstructed from such reads and this has not been quantitatively evaluated. Such a quantitative evaluation is necessary to clarify the ethical concerns related to data sharing and to enable the efficient use of human genetic information in stool samples, such as for research and forensics. Here, we used genomic approaches to reconstruct personal information from fecal metagenomes of 343 Japanese individuals with associated human genotype data.

  Study JGAS000600

• Japanese Reference Genome JG1

  The complete human genome sequence is used as a reference for next-generation sequencing analyses. However, some ethnic ancestries are under-represented in the reference genome (e.g., GRCh37) due to its bias toward European and African ancestries. Here, we perform de novo assembly of three Japanese male genomes using >100�� Pacific Biosciences long reads and Bionano Genomics optical maps per sample. We integrate the genomes using the major allele for consensus and anchor the scaffolds using genetic and radiation hybrid maps to reconstruct each chromosome. The resulting genome sequence, JG1, is contiguous, accurate, and carries the major allele for a Japanese population.

  Study JGAS000259

• Adult B-precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia RoCK and ROI single-cell transcriptome

  Whohle Transcriptome sequencing was performed following the manufactures protocol from BD Rhapsody. Capture of BCR::ABL1 was performed using RoCK and ROI. RoCK and ROI is based on barcoded beads of the BD Rhapsody platform. For RoCKseq specific capture, TSO oligos on BD Rhapsody beads are modified with a/ multiple capture sequence(s) specific to transcripts of interest. ROIseq, on the other hand, is based on specific primers which are spiked in during library generation, directing reads to regions of interest (ROIs). Multiple scRNAseq experiments were performed on several biological samples to validate RoCK and ROI.

  Study EGAS50000001366

• High-depth whole genome sequencing of 51 premalignant breast lesions

  Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a non-obligate precursor lesion of breast cancer, representing 20-25% of newly diagnosed breast cancer lesions. It is currently not possible to predict which DCIS patients will progress to invasive breast cancer. The samples deposited here are part of a larger study using high-depth whole-genome sequencing (WGS) to investigate the somatic mutation genomic landscape of DCIS. Comprehensive evaluation of DCIS genomes aims to uncover biological insights into breast cancer progression and potential opportunities to stratify DCIS patients for personalised treatment options or active surveillance.

  Study EGAS50000001436

• Lethal malformation syndrome

  Identification of the genetic basis of rare monogenic diseases can provide insights into disease mechanisms, biological pathways and potential therapeutic targets. Exome sequencing has proven to be a powerful, efficient strategy for the identification of the genes underlying rare Mendelian disorders. The genetic defect behind the lethal malformation syndrome under study is known in some cases and has proven useful in revealing the primary underlying defect. We have six typical unrelated families with no known mutation. The aim of this study is to identify the locus associated with this lethal malformation syndrome in these families using exome sequencing.

  Study EGAS00001000061

• Stage-specific gene and transcript dynamics in human male germ cells

  The testis is one of the most transcriptionallyactive organs, however how germ cell differentiation is controlled at the molecular level remains largely unknown. To study global transcriptional dynamics during human spermatogenesis we sequenced total RNA of human testicular biopsies with 5 specific histological phenotypes: Sertoli cell-only (SCO, n=3), spermatogenic arrests at the spermatogonial (SPG, n=4), spermatocyte (SPC, n=3), and spermatid (SPD, n=3) level, as well as normal spermatogenesis (Normal, n=3). To our knowledge, this work provides the most complete capture of the transcriptome and its dynamics during human spermatogenesis to date.

  Study EGAS00001006135

• RNA-seq analysis of megakaryocytes and granulocytes in Quebec platelet disorder

  Quebec Platelet disorder (QPD) is a unique bleeding disorder that markedly increases urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) in megakaryocytes and platelets but not in plasma or urine. The cause is tandem duplication of a 77 kb region of chromosome 10 containing PLAU and C10orf55. Blood cells and cultured megakaryocytes from donors (7 QPD, 10 control subjects) were prepared for total and allele-specific, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, immunoassays, Western blots and RNA-seq. Transcriptomes for cultured megakaryocytes and peripheral blood granulocytes from 4 control and 3 QPD individuals were analyzed using mRNA-seq.

  Study EGAS00001001840

• RNA_sequencing

  All cancers arise due to somatically acquired mutations in their genomes which alter the function of key cancer genes. Understanding the critical mutational events underlying the development of cancer is paramount for advancing prevention, early detection and effective treatment of the disease. Breast cancer is the most common cause of cancer death among women. Extraordinary recent advances in sequencing now make it a realistic aim to sequence large numbers of breast cancer genomes to find somatic mutations on a massive scale. NB bam files for manuscript A_Proteomic_Chronology_of_Gene_Expression_through_the_Cell_Cycle_in_Human_Myeloid_Leukemia_Cells are now available at the following link:http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/data/view/ERP008483

  Study EGAS00001000310

• Novel Epigenetic Markers for Toxicity after Intraoperative and Conventional Radiotherapy for Breast Cancer

  Ionizing radiation is a common treatment option for cancer but its use is limited by the unpredictable and highly heterogeneous onset of late side effects, especially radiation-induced fibrosis. Clinically applicable biomarkers and effective treatments for radiation fibrosis are currently unavailable. In order to identify novel markers we ran a genome-wide DNA methylation screen in primary dermal fibroblasts obtained from breast cancer patients before intraoperative radiotherapy. Cells from patients developing fibrosis within a three-year follow up were compared to those without fibrosis (12 individuals per group). Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip Technology was used.

  Study EGAS00001001279

• Non-invasive prenatal diagnosis by genome-wide haplotyping of maternal cell-free plasma DNA

  Whereas non-invasive prenatal testing for aneuploidies (NIPT-A) is widely implemented, non-invasive prenatal testing for monogenic diseases (NIPT-M) is lagging. By capturing and targeted sequencing of 250000 polymorphic SNP loci from maternal plasma circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) and DNA from relatives, the fetal haplotype and chromosomal copy numbers are deduced. In all families tested, the cfDNA derived haplotypes are on average 97% concordant with the neonatal and embryo haplotype. This generic non-invasive prenatal diagnostic approach allows cost efficient scrutinizing the fetal genome for the presence of any inherited monogenic disease or trait.

  Study EGAS00001003634

• Transcriptomics_of_human_olfactory_mucosa

  The olfactory gene repertoire is largely species-specific, shaped by the nature and necessityof chemosensory information for survival in each species' niche. We are intrigued by thisinterspecific variation and started to investigate the olfactory transcriptome in primates forevidence of selection at the level of receptor gene choice. Having collected this data fromtwo primates, we now wish to extend the analysis to humans.This data is part of a pre-publication release. For information on the proper use of pre-publication data shared by the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute (including details of any publication moratoria), please see http://www.sanger.ac.uk/datasharing/

  Study EGAS00001001486

• Linking genes, genomic instability and molecular subgroups in medulloblastoma

  Brain tumors are the second most common pediatric cancer and carry the highest mortality rates in this age group. Medulloblastoma is the most frequent malignant brain tumor of childhood. Recent studies indicate that medulloblastoma comprises at least four sub-entities (SHH-signaling, WNT-signaling, Group-C, Group-D) that differ in molecular alterations, cell of origin, clinicopathological features and outcome. Further characterization of the entire spectrum of genomic alterations underlying the formation of these distinct groups is urgently needed to identify diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for clinical management and uncover novel therapeutic targets.

  Study EGAS00001000085

• The exomic landscape of t(14,18) negative diffuse follicular lymphoma with 1p36 deletion

  t(14,18) negative diffuse follicular lymphoma with 1p36 deletion is a well characterized variant of follicular lymphoma with typical clinical, morphological, immunophenotypical and genetic features. The genetic landscape of this variant is however largely unknown. We performed exome sequencing of six well characterised cases and detected 1642 single nucleotide variations and 641 insertions-deletions not reported in common databases (dbSNP and 1000G). We report several recurrent mutations, among which CREBBP, STAT6, KMT2D, HEATR6, LAMA5 and VPS13B are the most prevalent. Pathway annotation using GSEA showed an enrichment in mutated genes belonging to the MAPK pathway.

  Study EGAS00001002594

• Primary breast cancers and paired brain metastases sequencing study

  Improving management of brain metastases (BM) from primary breast cancer (PBC) is a challenge in which targeted therapies play a promising role. However this approach is impaired by miss-knowledge of molecular patterns of the metastatic and drug-resistance processes.We performed a differential analysis of copy-number-alterations (CNAs) and mutations profiles by using pan-genomic array-CGH and targeted next-generation-sequencing of 494 cancer-associated genes, in a series of 14 pairs of matched PBC/BM and assessed if the observed genomic alterations may be used as a druggable agent in a clinical trial.

  Study EGAS00001003173

• Role_of_Epigenetic_Memory_in_Human_Induced_Pluripotent_Stem_Cells_Pilot

  Fibroblasts have been shown to re-program into induced pluripotent stem (hiPS) cells, through over-expression of pluripotency genes. These hiPS cells show similar characteristics to embryonic stem cells including cell surface markers, epigenetic changes and ability to differentiate into the three germ layers. However it is unclear as to the extent of changes in gene expression through the re-programming process.. This data is part of a pre-publication release. For information on the proper use of pre-publication data shared by the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute (including details of any publication moratoria), please see http://www.sanger.ac.uk/datasharing/

  Study EGAS00001000742

• Molecular profiling of blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) as compared to acute myeloid leukemia (AML)

  Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is a rare, male-predominant myeloid malignancy that is characterized by the malignant proliferation of precursor plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) with morphologic and molecular similarities to acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) in its presentation within the bone marrow and peripheral blood. To identify disease-specific molecular features of BPDCN, we profiled bone marrow, peripheral blood and serum samples from primary patient samples using an in-house hematologic malignancy panel (“T300” panel), transcriptome microarray, and serum multiplex immunoassays and compared results to a cohort of AML patients.

  Study EGAS00001003453

• Alternative lengthening of telomeres in childhood neuroblastoma from genome to proteome

  Telomere maintenance by telomerase activation or alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) is a major determinant of poor outcome in neuroblastoma. Here, we screen for ALT in primary and relapsed neuroblastomas and characterize its features using multi-omics profiling. We aim to deepen the knowledge about the biology and clinical features of ALT-positive neuroblastomas by enriching ALT tumors in the study cohort independent of ATRX mutation status. Using a combination of genomic, transcriptomic and proteomic profiling, we provide evidence that this subgroup is clinically and molecularly distinct.

  Study EGAS00001004349

• HCA_Female_Reproductive_Adult_WSSS_RNA

  HCA Endometrium_LM The endometrium regenerates monthly and its transformation is executed through dynamic changes in states and interactions of multiple cell types. Using transcriptomics methods we seek to profile changes of the endometrium across the menstrual cycle. Our map will have implications in women’s health and cancer, by enabling the interpretation of GWAS analyses or the studying functional consequences of somatic mutations. This data is part of a pre-publication release. For information on the proper use of pre-publication data shared by the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute (including details of any publication moratoria), please see http://www.sanger.ac.uk/datasharing/

  Study EGAS00001004727

• COVID_19_UK_CIC_Spatial

  Understanding the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 is critical to our ability to control the coronavirus pandemic. Spatial transcriptomics will be performed on COVID-19 post-mortem tissues in collaboration with the UK - Coronavirus Immunology Consortium (UK-CIC). UK-CIC encompasses a concerted effort by the UK's world-leading immunology community to deliver a co-ordinated and agile national research programme to increase our understanding of how the immune system interacts with SARS-CoV-2. UK-CIC is led by Professor Paul Moss (University of Birmingham) and brings together 20 UK immunology centres of excellence, with support from the British Society for Immunology.

  Study EGAS00001005817

• SARS-CoV-2 host genetics and COVID-19 outcomes in admixed Brazilians with extreme phenotypes

  COVID-19 comprises clinical outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection and is highly heterogeneous, ranging from asymptomatic individuals to deceased young adults without comorbidities. There is growing evidence that host genetics play an important role in COVID-19 severity, including inborn errors of immunity, age-related inflammation and immunosenescence. This study proposes a strategy of subject’s ascertainment based on phenotypic extremes to take part in genomic studies and elucidate intrinsic risk factors involved in COVID-19 severe outcomes. Different cohorts were collected and submitted to Next-Generation Sequencing (Whole exome and whole genome sequencing).

  Study EGAS00001006376

• Characterization of chromatin accessibility in metastatic prostate cancer

  The development of resistance to second-generation AR-signaling inhibitors (ARSIs) and progression to metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) represents a huge obstacle to the improvement of patients’ clinical outcomes. Lineage plasticity is a common mechanism that drives the development of mCRPC by changing chromatin conformation at regulatory elements affecting downstream gene activity. ATAC-seq is a popular technique that measures accessible chromatin regions. To better understand of potential epigenomic mechanisms of ARSI resistance in prostate cancer, in this study, we performed ATAC-seq on 70 mCRPC tissue biopsies from the SU2C/PCF West Coast Dream Team (WCDT) cohort.

  Study EGAS00001006698

• RAG mediated recombination is the predominant driver of oncogenic rearrangement in ETV6-RUNX1 Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (Whole_Genome_sequencing_data)

  The ETV6-RUNX1 fusion gene, found in 25% of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), is acquired in utero but requires additional somatic mutations for overt leukemia. We used exome and low-coverage whole-genome sequencing to characterize the critical secondary events associated with leukemic transformation. RAG-mediated deletions emerge as the dominant mutational process, accounting for at least 43% of genomic rearrangements and characterized by the presence of recombination signal sequence motifs near the breakpoints; incorporation of non-templated sequence at the junction and a ten-fold enrichment at promoters and enhancers of genes actively transcribed in early B-lineage development. Single-cell tracking shows that this mechanism is not restricted to one founder cell but is rather active throughout leukemic evolution. Integration of point mutation and rearrangement data identifies recurrent inactivation of ATF7IP and MGA as two new tumor suppressor genes.Thus, a remarkably parsimonious mutational process transforms ETV6-RUNX1 lymphoblasts, striking promoters and enhancers of the genes that normally control B-cell differentiation.

  Dataset EGAD00001000634

• RAG mediated recombination is the predominant driver of oncogenic rearrangement in ETV6-RUNX1 Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (Rearrangement_sequencing_data)

  The ETV6-RUNX1 fusion gene, found in 25% of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), is acquired in utero but requires additional somatic mutations for overt leukemia. We used exome and low-coverage whole-genome sequencing to characterize the critical secondary events associated with leukemic transformation. RAG-mediated deletions emerge as the dominant mutational process, accounting for at least 43% of genomic rearrangements and characterized by the presence of recombination signal sequence motifs near the breakpoints; incorporation of non-templated sequence at the junction and a ten-fold enrichment at promoters and enhancers of genes actively transcribed in early B-lineage development. Single-cell tracking shows that this mechanism is not restricted to one founder cell but is rather active throughout leukemic evolution. Integration of point mutation and rearrangement data identifies recurrent inactivation of ATF7IP and MGA as two new tumor suppressor genes.Thus, a remarkably parsimonious mutational process transforms ETV6-RUNX1 lymphoblasts, striking promoters and enhancers of the genes that normally control B-cell differentiation.

  Dataset EGAD00001000635

• RAG mediated recombination is the predominant driver of oncogenic rearrangement in ETV6-RUNX1 Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (Whole_exome_sequencing_data)

  The ETV6-RUNX1 fusion gene, found in 25% of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), is acquired in utero but requires additional somatic mutations for overt leukemia. We used exome and low-coverage whole-genome sequencing to characterize the critical secondary events associated with leukemic transformation. RAG-mediated deletions emerge as the dominant mutational process, accounting for at least 43% of genomic rearrangements and characterized by the presence of recombination signal sequence motifs near the breakpoints; incorporation of non-templated sequence at the junction and a ten-fold enrichment at promoters and enhancers of genes actively transcribed in early B-lineage development. Single-cell tracking shows that this mechanism is not restricted to one founder cell but is rather active throughout leukemic evolution. Integration of point mutation and rearrangement data identifies recurrent inactivation of ATF7IP and MGA as two new tumor suppressor genes.Thus, a remarkably parsimonious mutational process transforms ETV6-RUNX1 lymphoblasts, striking promoters and enhancers of the genes that normally control B-cell differentiation.

  Dataset EGAD00001000636

• Subclonal somatic copy number alterations emerge and dominate in recurrent osteosarcoma

  Multiple large-scale genomic profiling efforts have been undertaken in osteosarcoma to define the genomic drivers of tumorigenesis, therapeutic response, and disease recurrence. The spatial and temporal intratumor heterogeneity could also play a role in promoting tumor growth and treatment resistance. Here, we conducted longitudinal whole-genome sequencing of 37 tumor samples from eight patients with osteosarcoma that relapsed or became refractory to initial therapy. We found that the chemoresistant population in recurrent osteosarcoma is subclonal at diagnosis, emerges at the time of primary resection due to selective pressure from neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and is characterized by unique oncogenic amplifications.

  Study EGAS00001007486

• NOUS-209 off-the-shelf immunotherapy has the potential to hit primary and metachronous colorectal and urothelial cancer in Lynch syndrome

  Lynch syndrome is an inherited cancer predisposition characterized by the development of microsatellite-instable tumors, most commonly colorectal and urothelial cancers. These cancers harbor recurrent frameshift mutations (FSMs) that generate shared neoantigens, creating opportunities for targeted immunotherapy. NOUS-209 is a viral-vector–based cancer vaccine encoding 209 of these shared neoantigen peptides. This study investigated the presence and evolution of NOUS-209 target FSMs in Lynch syndrome–associated tumors, revealing their persistence across primary and metachronous cancers and supporting the rationale for NOUS-209 as a preventive immunotherapy.

  Study EGAS50000001336

• EGAD00010000658

  DLBCL 148 SNP 6.0 Cohort

  Dataset EGAD00010000658

• Synergy study: "Tissue resident CD8+ T cell clonal expansion in advanced triple negative breast cancer is associated with response to chemoimmunotherapy"

  Dataset of the study "Synergy study: "Tissue resident CD8+ T cell clonal expansion in advanced triple negative breast cancer is associated with response to chemoimmunotherapy". This dataset contains the cellranger's gene-expression matrices for the 5 prime single-cell RNA sequencing experiments

  Dataset EGAD50000000748

• Comprehensive analyses of clinicopathological features and genomic mutations of combined hepatocellular-cholangiocarcinoma

  Combined hepatocellular and cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-CCA) is a rare primary liver cancer. We performed whole exome sequencing to clarify the relationship between genetic mutations and clinicopathological features in cHCC-CCA.

  Study JGAS000599

• Early-onset Colorectal Cancer Study TOGETHER Data Access Committee

  The Early-onset Colorectal Cancer Study TOGETHER Data Access Committee (DAC) is responsible for reviewing requests to access sequencing and clinical data from the study. Access to the data is restricted to researchers with approved ethical clearance and scientifically valid research projects. Each request will be evaluated by the DAC to ensure compliance with participants’ informed consent and all applicable data protection regulations.

  Dac EGAC50000000752

• Data Access Committee for Genomics of bone marrow failure (BMF) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS)

  The Data Access Committee for the genomics of bone marrow failure and myelodysplastic syndrome project is responsible for reviewing applications for access to controlled human genomic and phenotypic datasets generated as part of this project. The DAC ensures that data sharing with qualified researchers is conducted in accordance with participant consent, institutional ethical approvals, and all applicable data protection regulations. 

  Dac EGAC50000000754

• PDAC Phenotype and Germline Genotype Data Access Committee

  This Data Access Committee (DAC) is responsible for reviewing and approving requests for access to controlled phenotype metadata and derived germline FUT2/FUT3 genotype data from patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Access is granted to bona fide researchers for non-commercial research purposes only, subject to approval by the DAC and in accordance with the original informed consent and applicable ethical regulations.

  Dac EGAC50000000893

• Rare_renal_tumours_RNA_

  Rare renal tumours are by hard to classify and there is very little available information regarding prognosis and sensitivity to treatment. Here we endevour to understand their genomic properties in order to better understand their biology.

  Study EGAS00001004323

• Rare_renal_tumours_WGS_

  Rare renal tumours are by hard to classify and there is very little available information regarding prognosis and sensitivity to treatment. Here we endevour to understand their genomic properties in order to better understand their biology.

  Study EGAS00001004322

• Cancer Genomics of the Kidney

  The aim of CAGEKID is to carry out comprehensive detection of DNA markers for conventional (clear cell) renal carcinoma. The project includes complete analysis of somatic and constitutional DNA variation, methylation patterns and expression in a large number of constitutional/tumor pairs. CAGEKID is a part of the International Cancer Genome Consortium, ICGC.

  Dataset EGAD00001004018

• Response to tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte adoptive therapy is associated with preexisting CD8+ T-myeloid cell networks in melanoma

  Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) using ex vivo–expanded tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) can eliminate or shrink metastatic melanoma, but its long-term efficacy remains limited to a fraction of patients. Using longitudinal samples from 13 patients with metastatic melanoma treated with TIL-ACT in a phase 1 clinical study, we interrogated cellular states within the tumor microenvironment (TME) and their interactions. We performed bulk and single-cell RNA sequencing, whole-exome sequencing, and spatial proteomic analyses in pre- and post-ACT tumor tissues, finding that ACT responders exhibited higher basal tumor cell–intrinsic immunogenicity and mutational burden. Compared with nonresponders, CD8+ TILs exhibited increased cytotoxicity, exhaustion, and costimulation, whereas myeloid cells had increased type I interferon signaling in responders. Cell-cell interaction prediction analyses corroborated by spatial neighborhood analyses revealed that responders had rich baseline intratumoral and stromal tumor–reactive T cell networks with activated myeloid populations. Successful TIL-ACT therapy further reprogrammed the myeloid compartment and increased TIL-myeloid networks. Our systematic target discovery study identifies potential T-myeloid cell network–based biomarkers that could improve patient selection and guide the design of ACT clinical trials.

  Study EGAS50000001217

• EGAD00010000648

  nccRCC tumor/normal genotypes

  Dataset EGAD00010000648

• HLA-DQ?1 insertion

  Achalasia cases & controls

  Dataset EGAD00010000858

• SEA_610K

  SEA 610K

  Dataset EGAD00010000912

• Whole Genome Sequencing of HCC

  Dataset EGAD00001009743

• Institut Curie Neuroblastoma Whole Genome Sequencing Diagnosis Relapse

  Neuroblastoma, a clinically heterogeneous pediatric cancer, is characterized by distinct genomic profiles but few recurrent mutations. As neuroblastoma is expected to have high degree of genetic heterogeneity, study of neuroblastoma's clonal evolution with deep coverage whole-genome sequencing of diagnosis and relapse samples will lead to a better understanding of the molecular events associated with relapse. Samples were included in this study if sufficient DNA from constitutional, diagnosis and relapse tumors was available for WGS. Whole genome sequencing was performed on trios (constitutional, diagnose and relapse DNA) from eight patients using Illumina Hi-seq2500 leading to paired-ends (PE) 90x90 for 6 of them and 100x100 for two. Expected coverage for sample NB0175 100x100bp was 30X for tumor and constitutional samples. For the seven other patients expected coverage was 80X for tumor samples with PE 100x100, 100X in the other tumor samples and 50X for all constitutional samples (see table 1). Following alignment with BWA (Li et al., Oxford J, 2009 Jul) allowing up to 4% of mismatches, bam files were cleaned up according to the Genome Analysis Toolkit (GATK) recommendations (Van der Auwera et al., Current Protocols in Bioinformatics, 2013, picard-1.45, GenomeAnalysisTK-2.2-16). Variant calling was performed in parallel using 3 variant callers: GenomeAnalysisTK-2.2-16, Samtools-0.1.18 and MuTect-1.1.4 (McKenna et al., Genome Res, 2010; Li et al., Oxford J, 2009 Aug; Cibulskis et al., Nature, 2013). Annovar-v2012-10-23 with cosmic-v64 and dbsnp-v137 were used for the annotation and RefSeq for the structural annotation. For GATK and Samtools, single nucleotide variants (SNVs) with a quality under 30, a depth of coverage under 6 or with less than 2 reads supporting the variant were filter out. MuTect with parameters following GATK and Samtools thresholds have been used to filter our irrelevant variants. .SNVs within and around exons of coding genes overlapping splice sites.. Then,variants reported in more than 1% of the population in the 1000 genomes (1000gAprl_2012) or Exome Sequencing Project (ESP6500) have been discarded in order to filter polymorphisms. Finally, synonymous variants were filtered out. MuTect focuses on somatic by filtering with constitutional sample. Mpileup comparison between constitutional and somatic DNAs allowed us to focus also on tumor specific SNVs with GATK and Samtools. Finally, every SNV called by our pipeline and also supported in any constitutional samples were filtered our in order to prevent putative constitutional DNA coverage deficiency. Then we analyzed CNVs (copy number variants) with HMMcopy-v0.1.1 (Gavin et al., Genome Res, 2012) and control-FREEC-v6.7 (Boeva et al., Bioinformatics 2011) with a respective window of 2000bp and 1000 bp, and auto-correction of normal contamination of tumor samples for Control-FREEC. Finally we explored Structural variants (SVs) including deletions, inversions, tandem duplications and translocations using DELLY-v0.5.5 with standard parameters (Rausch et al., Oxford J, 2012). In tumors, at least 10 supporting reads were required to make a call and 5 supporting reads for the sample NB0175 with a coverage of only 40X (see table 2). To predict SVs in constitutional samples for subsequent somatic filtering, only 2 supporting reads were required in order not to miss one. To identify somatic events, all the SVs in each normal sample were first flanked by 500 bp in both directions and any SVs called in a tumor sample which was in the combined flanked regions of respective normal sample was removed (see graph 1). Deletions with more than 5 genes impacted or larger than 1Mb and inversions or tandem duplications covering more than 4 genes, were removed. We focused on exonic and splicing events for deletions, inversions, and tandem duplications. For translocation, we keep all SVs that occurred in intronic, exonic, 5'UTR, upstream or splicing regions. Bioinformatics detection of variations with Deep sequencing approach Once PE reads merged and adaptors trimmed by SeqPrep with default parameters, merged reads were aligned via the BWA (Li H. and Durbin R. 2009 PMID 19451168) allowing up to 1 differences in the 22-base-long seeds and reporting only unique alignments. Only reads having a mapping quality 20 or more have been further analysed. Variant calling software was not used, since we aimed to predict variations at low frequencies, observed in less than 1% of reads. Such variants require a custom approach. Using DepthOfCoverage functions of the Genome Analysis Toolkit (GATK) v2.13.2 (McKenna A, et al., 2010 Genome Research PMID: 20644199), we focused on high quality coverage of bases A, C, G and T at the targeted variant position. Depth of coverage of each base following a mapping quality higher than 20 and a base quality higher than 10 have been taken into account in order to focus only on high quality data. Aiming to determine the background level of variability at the studied regions, 10 control samples were included in the analysis. The same approach and filtering criteria have been applied as introduced above over the entire amplicons. In order to highlight variants, for each sample the frequencies of each bases at each amplicon position were then compared to those observed in the set of controls. Statistical analyses were performed with the R statistical software (http://www.R-project.org). Fisher’s exact two-sided tests with a Bonferroni correction were performed to compare percentages of bases between the data sets, i.e. for a given base between a case and the controls. Finally, significant variations were filtered-in once (i) a significant increase in the percentage of avariant base and (ii) a significant decrease in the percentage of it's reference base following our p.values criteria was observed (p.val < 0.05).

  Dataset EGAD00001001356

• Cooperative Study of Sickle Cell Disease (CSSCD)

  The Cooperative Study of Sickle Cell Disease was initiated in 1977 to determine the natural history of sickle cell disease (SCD) from birth to death in order to identify those factors contributing to the morbidity and mortality of the disease. Specific objectives included: 1) to study the effect of sickle cell disease on growth and development from birth through adolescence 2) to study the conditions or events that may be related to the onset of painful crises 3) to obtain data on the nature, duration, and outcome of major complications of SCD 4) determine the nature, prevalence, and age- related incidence of organ damage due to SCD, and 5) study the role of SCD and its interaction with selected health events.Phases 2 and 3 of the study involved followup of the infant cohort. A total of 709 infants (age less than 6 months) were enrolled during Phase 1 of the Cooperative Study of Sickle Cell Disease (CSSCD), and Phases 2 and 3 of the CSSCD was designed to follow these children for an additional 10 years. The study objectives included: 1) define prospectively the natural history of sickle cell disease; 2) determine the relationships between cognitive and academic functioning and brain status as determined by MRI; 3) determine the cognitive or behavioral markers of silent infarct; 4) determine the relationship of family functioning on the Family Environment Scale (FES) to brain status, cognitive functioning, and social and demographic factors; 5) continue studies that will enhance the state of knowledge on the influence of sickle cell disease on the psychosocial adjustment of children and adolescents. Phase 2A of the study sought to examine the progression of organ damage in the heart, lung, kidney, and liver in adult cohort patients (born before 1/1/56) enrolled in phase 1 of the study between 3/79 and 5/81. A total of 620 patients from 11 centers were eligible for phase 2A.Instructions for requesting individual-level data are available on BioData Catalyst at https://biodatacatalyst.nhlbi.nih.gov/resources/data/. Apply for data access in dbGaP. Upon approval, users may begin accessing requested data in BioData Catalyst. For questions about availability, you may contact the BioData Catalyst team at https://biodatacatalyst.nhlbi.nih.gov/contact.

  Study phs002362

• Whole genome sequencing of circulating cell-free DNA on Illumina and Ultima platforms

  The dataset includes Illumina (n=1) and Ultima (n=92) sequencing of circulating cell-free DNA. The dataset was generated through standard whole genome sequencing (Illumina n=1 & Ultima n = 15) and using a duplex unique molecular identifier whole genome sequencing workflow (Ultima, n=77). This dataset includes cancer samples and cancer-free control samples.

  Dataset EGAD50000001234

• Synthetic - GDI synthetic dataset (Population 11 Finland, Subgroup 2)

  Synthetic - This dataset contains the pheno-clinical and genomic information of 42046 individuals from COVID Population 11 Finland, Subgroup 2. 2010 are affected by Phenotype 1, 2010 are affected by Phenotype 2, 188 are affected by Phenotype 1 and 2, and 37838 are control. The dataset also contains the information about the smoking habits of each individual.

  Dataset EGAD50000000955

• 419 Japanese healthy control

  Genotypes of 419 Japanese healthy individuals genotyped by using of SNP arrays (Genome-Wide Human SNP Array 6.0 and Axiom Genome-Wide ASI 1 Array). CEL files and CHP files are included in this data set.

  Study JGAS000120

• The dataset of Detection and characterization of lung cancer using cell-free DNA fragmentomes on NovaSeq 6000 at 1-2x coverage

  The dataset contains 364 CRAM files from whole-genome next-generation sequencing on the Illumina NovaSeq 6000 at 1- 2x coverage. These are plasma samples from healthy individuals and patients with cancer.

  Dataset EGAD50000001961

• Using Exome-sequencing to characterize the resistance to lirafugratinib

  We characterized resistance to lirafugratinib with whole exome sequencing in patients with FGFR2-driven cancers, treated in the phase 1/2 ReFocus trial (NCT04526106) and enrolled in the UNLOCK program at Gustave Roussy

  Study EGAS50000001371

• TenK10K Phase 1: scRNA-seq AnnData objects

  Single cell RNA-sequencing data for PBMCs from the Tenk10k Phase 1 cohort (1925 individuals post-QC). Libraries were prepared using the 10x Genomics 3’ Chromium Next GEM Single Cell HT V3.1 kit and sequenced on the NovaSeq 6000 platform. Reads were mapped to the GRCh38 reference genome with Cellranger, and count matrices were preprocessed using Scanpy.

  Dataset EGAD50000002379

• Single-cell long-read transcriptomes from CH, MDS and AML patients with CH mutations

  Single-cell long-read (ONT) transcriptome sequencing from CH (n = 3), MDS (n = 5, MDS02 in 2 replicates) and AML (n =1, in 2 replicates) samples with mutations in splicing factors (SF3B1 - n = 8, U2AF1 n = 1) or transcription regulators (DNMT3A - CH04). Full length cDNA from 10x Genomics 3' V3.

  Dataset EGAD00001011282

• Targeted amplicon sequencing on 218 samples from Stage 1 epithelial ovarian cancer biopises

  BAM files (aligned against the hg38 genome) from a targeted amplicon sequencing (139 genes) experiment (median depth 1000X) on 218 samples from Stage 1 epithelial ovarian cancer biopises. Samples labeled "bis" or "tris" with the same ID are relapses; "left" or "right" samples indicate, in the case of bilateral tumor, from which ovary the sample was taken.

  Dataset EGAD00001006873

• Genomic Analysis of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma

  This dataset includes WGS & WTS alignment data generated from 1 ATC tumor, its matched peripheral blood specimen and 3 authenticated ATC cell lines, THJ-16T, THJ-21T and THJ-29T. In addition, it includes WTS data from extra 4 unique anaplastic cell lines, ACT-1, C643, HTh7 and T238.

  Dataset EGAD00001001321

• RNAseq of ribosomal footprints

  Cancer genes can affect ribosomal RNA processing and this can underlie their essentiality to cells, making them cell-essential in the same way as ribosomal genes themselves. We want to confirm this, in order to understand the results of our CRISPR drop-out screens.NOTE FROM BESPOKE TEAM: Run a single read 1 (forward read) of 30 bases, then an index 1 read as normal. This would fit a 50cycle kit

  Dataset EGAD00001001930

• PIK3R4 (VPS15)

  WES of human: A mutation in VPS15 (PIK3R4) causes a ciliopathy and affects IFT20 release from the cis-Golgi WES (Agilent SureSelect All Exon XT2 50 Mb kit) has been realized on three affected siblings (II.1, II.3, II.5) and one healthy sister (II.4). Raw data (BAM files) are provided: - II.1.aligned.sorted.dedup.realign.recal.bam - II.3.aligned.sorted.dedup.realign.recal.bam - II.5.aligned.sorted.dedup.realign.recal.bam - II.4.aligned.sorted.dedup.realign.recal.bam

  Dataset EGAD00001002736

• Targeted sequencing data of peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from 4 ATL patients and 10 HTLV-1-infected asymptomatic carriers.

  Targeted capture sequencing data of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) obtained from 4 ATL patients (6 samples) and 10 HTLV-1-infected asymptomatic carriers.

  Dataset EGAD00001007031

• Methylation biomarker study of magnesium deficiency and colorectal cancer

  Five US studies using the Mg tolerance test, the "gold standard" test of Mg status, indicated that >50% participants had Mg deficiency. In our ongoing US trial, we have found a similar result. In growing recognition of the importance of Mg in human health, very recently, Mg was selected by the US Federal Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) Committee to update the DRI. In US and other populations at high risk of Mg deficiency, high Mg intake has been linked to reduced risk of colorectal neoplasia, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Conversely, in populations not at high risk of Mg deficiency, high Mg intake has been related to increased risk of total mortality (e.g. total cancer, colorectal cancer, and CVD), particularly when calcium intake is low. These observations suggest that the associations between high Mg intake and disease risks may completely differ by the underlying Mg status. Due to major limitations, the Mg tolerance test is not used in conventional clinical practice and rarely used in research. Instead, serum Mg is used for clinical diagnosis. However, serum Mg performs very poorly at identifying those with Mg deficiency. There is a great need to develop implementable, sensitive, and specific biomarkers which can be easily used for identifying people with Mg deficiency. Without such a marker, it is impossible to develop effective strategies that minimize adverse effects by targeting those who, as a result of Mg deficiency, are at risk of common diseases. It is known that DNA methylation changes are inducible by environmental exposures, including nutrients, and reversible when the exposure disappears. There are two major types of cytosine modifications in DNA, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) and 5-methylcytosine (5-mC). 5-mC is often associated with suppressed gene expression. 5-hmC, generated by the oxidation of 5-mC, is specifically enriched in expressed genes and plays a critical role in activating and/or maintaining gene expression. However, current epigenomic profiling platforms cannot distinguish 5-hmC from 5-mC. Just recently, our collaborator, Dr. Chuan He (HHMI Investigator), established a novel and state of the art technique, TAB-Seq and TAB-Array protocol, which can separate 5-hmC from 5-mC in the genome. Our pilot studies indicate that Mg intake or treatment significantly affects methylation capacity, 5-mC and 5-hmC biomarkers. Our findings suggest blood leukocyte 5-hmC/5-mC biomarkers may serve as more sensitive biomarkers to identify Mg deficiency than serum Mg. Thus, a comprehensive epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) may help to identify the most sensitive 5-hmC/ 5- mC biomarkers for Mg deficiency. We propose to identify 5-hmC/5-mC biomarkers for Mg deficiency by a 4- phase EWAS study in the "Personalized Prevention of Colorectal Cancer Trial [PPCCT, R01CA149633; PI, Dai and Yu]" with a total of 240 participants. Mg tolerance test will be used as the gold standard. Finally, using newly identified biomarkers, we will evaluate if 12-week Mg treatment reduces TRPM7 expression, essential in Mg homeostasis and colorectal carcinogenesis, in rectal tissues only among those with Mg deficiency.

  Study phs002037

• Genome-Wide Association Studies of Prematurity and Its Complications (African American)

  Preterm delivery resulting in the birth of a premature infant is a complex problem with a devastating impact on individuals, families and society. The prevalence of preterm birth has increased steadily in developed countries over the last 20 years and more than three million children die of preterm birth worldwide each year. Despite the importance of the problem and its disproportionate occurrence in poor and minority populations, the underlying causes have been difficult to identify. Spontaneous preterm labor has as its suspected triggers infection, stress, poor nutrition and inherited factors. The single best predictor for preterm delivery is a previous preterm birth. Studies of twins and of recurrences within families provide evidence that genetic factors underlie a substantive component of the risk for prematurity. One major challenge in studying genetic factors in prematurity is that the risk case is not truly established. The genetic risk could reside either in the mother and her uterus or in the infant/placenta. Identification of genetic factors in the mother and/or infant could provide insights into identifying relevant environmental covariates that may be more amenable to rapid interventions but difficult to find using standard epidemiology alone. A comprehensive genome-wide association study (GWAS) is the ideal way to identify those genes that would not be suspected based on our current understanding of the biology of parturition. We are using 2200 African American samples with term or preterm labor. A subset of these (~800) are infant samples recruited by the Neonatal Research Network as part of a study on cytokines and infection in extremely low birth weight infants (Schelonka RL, et al., 2011. PMID: 21145756). Therefore, this group consists of infants <1,000 grams with clinical outcome data for the infant allowing study of the genetic contributors for not only preterm birth but also the complications that often accompany preterm birth. The result will enable a better understanding of the biology of parturition and suggest environmental modifications that can prolong gestations to improve neonatal and adult outcomes. This study is part of the Gene Environment Association Studies initiative (GENEVA, http://www.genevastudy.org) funded by the trans-NIH Genes, Environment, and Health Initiative (GEI). The overarching goal is to identify novel genetic factors that contribute to preterm birth through large-scale genome-wide association studies of African-American cases and controls from multiple sites in the United States. Genotyping was performed at the Johns Hopkins University Center for Inherited Disease Research (CIDR). Data cleaning and harmonization were done at the GEI-funded GENEVA Coordinating Center at the University of Washington.

  Study phs000353

• PanCuRx Translational Research Initiative

  The goal of the PanCuRx TRI is to seek solutions to the high fatality rate of pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC), the most common type of pancreatic cancer, by generating new knowledge about the genetics and biology of the disease, mechanisms of how tumours grow and tailored treatment options. PDAC is the fourth leading cause of cancer death in Canada and is expected to become the second-leading cause of cancer death within the next decade. The current five-year survival rate of eight per cent is the lowest of all epithelial cancers. There are major clinical challenges to treating the disease, including the fact that PDAC spreads to other parts of the body early so surgical removal of the tumour benefits few patients, that PDAC has proven relatively resistant to systemic therapies such as chemotherapy and that there has been limited benefit from the use of newer molecular targeted agents. The PanCuRx team has created the world’s first resource of tumour-purified PDAC whole genomes; more than 500 PDAC samples, with combined clinical annotation, have been successfully sequenced and analyzed at the Ontario Institute for Cancer research in Toronto. The resulting clinical genomic resource created from this data has led to multiple new findings that have established a framework to better understand PDAC biology and lays the foundation for new genomic approaches to better understanding the disease. The team also launched a clinical trial called COMPASS (Comprehensive Molecular Characterization of Advanced Ductal Pancreas Adenocarcinoma for Better Treatment Selection: A Prospective Study), which is recruiting patients with advanced PDAC (both locally advanced and metastatic) at The Princess Margaret Cancer Centre (PM) in Toronto. The study uses the molecular results from individual patient tumours to guide selection of better second line treatment on a case-by-case basis. The primary objective of the initial study was to assess the feasibility of collecting tumour materials from patients with advanced PDAC and delivering results within 56 days of biopsy. Having achieved this objective, the trial has expanded to other cancer centres across Canada. Pancreatic cancer is one of the most deadly forms of cancer and outcomes have not improved in four decades. The PanCuRx initiative is providing a better understanding of the disease and actively applying new knowledge to cancer patients through clinical trials. This knowledge will help to improve quality of life and prolong survival for pancreatic cancer patients worldwide.

  Study EGAS00001002543

• Center for Common Disease Genomics [CCDG] - Cardiovascular: Genetic and Phenotypic Determinants of Blood Pressure and Other Cardiovascular Risk Factors

  This study is a part of NHGRI's Center for Common Disease Genomics, which is a collaborative large-scale genome sequencing effort to comprehensively identify rare risk and protective variants contributing to multiple common disease phenotypes. Current estimates anticipate that the CCDG program will sequence approximately 140K whole genomes and 225K whole exomes during the life of the project. The Cardiovascular Disease working group of the CCDG considered five diseases: early-onset coronary artery disease (EOCAD), stroke, atrial fibrillation, congestive heart failure and type 2 diabetes. Atrial fibrillation will affect between 6-12 million individuals in the US by 2050. AF also is associated with increased risks of stroke, dementia, heart failure, death, and high health care costs. Many risk factors for AF have been identified, including advancing age, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and CVD risk factors. However, there is little knowledge how to prevent AF. Furthermore, therapies for AF are only partially effective, and are themselves associated with substantial morbidity. Previously, heritable forms of AF have been considered rare; yet in the last decade, it has been established that AF, and in particular early-onset forms of AF, are heritable. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) provide a powerful tool to identify common variants underlying disease risk. The AFGen Consortium currently consists of investigators from more than 25 studies with >20,000 individuals with AF and >100,000 without AF. In the latest analyses, 14 loci have been identified for AF1. Broadly, the loci implicate genes related to cardiopulmonary development, cardiac-expressed ion channels, and cell signaling molecules. Source: ccdg.rutgers.edu The GAPP study is an ongoing national population-based prospective cohort study conducted in the Principality of Liechtenstein. Between 2010 and 2014, all inhabitants of Liechtenstein aged 25-41 years old were asked to participate in the study, and 2170 could be enrolled. The aim of the study is to identify the determinants of blood pressure and other cardiovascular risk factors and their progression over time. A large number of baseline characteristics and health information as well as several blood, urinary and genetic markers were collected. The samples were sent to The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard to generate genetic data using whole exome sequencing and whole genome genotyping (Infinium Global Screening Array); all samples serving as controls.

  Study phs002236