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• Single cell phenotypic profiling of 27 DLBCL cases reveals marked inter- and intra-tumoral heterogeneity

  Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common histologic subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma and is notorious for its clinical heterogeneity. Patient outcomes can be predicted by cell-of-origin (COO) classification, demonstrating that the underlying transcriptional signature of malignant B-cells informs biological behavior in the context of standard combination chemotherapy regimens. In the current study, we used mass cytometry (CyTOF) to examine tumor phenotypes at the protein level with single cell resolution in a collection of 27 diagnostic DLBCL biopsy specimens from treatment naïve patients. We found that malignant B-cells from each patient occupied unique regions in 37-dimensional phenotypic space with no apparent clustering of samples into discrete subtypes. Interestingly, variable MHC class II expression was found to be the greatest contributor to phenotypic diversity. Within individual tumors, a subset of cases showed multiple phenotypic subpopulations, and in one case we were able to demonstrate direct correspondence between protein-level phenotypic subsets and DNA mutation-defined subclones. In summary, CyTOF analysis can resolve both inter- and intra-tumoral heterogeneity among primary samples, and reveals that each case of DLBCL is unique and may be comprised of multiple, genetically distinct subclones.

  Study EGAS00001003860

• Bisulfite-converted duplexes for the strand-specific detection and quantification of rare mutations

  The identification of mutations that are present at low frequencies in clinical samples is an essential component of precision medicine. The development of molecular barcoding for next generation sequencing has greatly enhanced the sensitivity of detecting such mutations by massively parallel sequencing. However, further improvements in specificity would be useful for a variety of applications. We herein describe a technology (BiSeqS) that can increase the specificity of sequencing by at least two orders of magnitude over and above that achieved with molecular barcoding and can be applied to any massively parallel sequencing instrument. BiSeqS employs bisulfite treatment to distinguish the two strands of molecularly barcoded DNA; its specificity arises from the requirement for the same mutation to be identified in both strands. Because no library preparation is required, the technology permits very efficient use of the template DNA as well as sequence reads, which are nearly all confined to the amplicons of interest. Such efficiency is critical for clinical samples, such as plasma, in which only tiny amounts of DNA are often available. We show here that BiSeqS can be applied to evaluate transversions, as well as small insertions or deletions, and can reliably detect one mutation among >10,000 wild type molecules.

  Study EGAS00001002406

• Cardiovascular disease biomarkers derived from circulating cell-free DNA methylation

  Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) remains a major cause of worldwide mortality. The syndrome occurs when blood flow to the heart muscle is decreased or blocked, causing muscle tissues to die or malfunction. There are three main types of ACS: Non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction, ST-elevation myocardial infarction, and unstable angina. The treatment depends on the type of ACS, and this is decided by a combination of clinical findings, such as electrocardiogram and plasma biomarkers. Circulating cell-free DNA (ccfDNA) is proposed as an additional marker for ACS since the damaged tissues can release DNA to the bloodstream. We used ccfDNA methylation profiles for differentiating between the ACS types and provided computational tools to repeat similar analysis for other diseases. We leveraged cell type specificity of DNA methylation to deconvolute the ccfDNA cell types of origin and to find methylation-based biomarkers that stratify patients. We identified hundreds of methylation markers associated with ACS types and validated them in an independent cohort. Many such markers were associated with genes involved in cardiovascular conditions and inflammation. ccfDNA methylation showed promise as a non-invasive diagnostic for acute coronary events. These methods are not limited to acute events, and may be used for chronic cardiovascular diseases as well.

  Study EGAS00001007263

• Integrated genomic analysis for HCC

  Liver cancer is a common malignancy and is the third cause of cancer-related death in the world and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the major type of liver cancer, accounting for ~90% of cases. Only 20 ~ 30% of patients can benefit from combined immunotherapy and targeted therapy due to the high inter-tumor heterogeneity of HCC. This work aims to identify homogeneous and robust molecular subtypes in HCC based on a large, homogenous and well-annotated cohort. We performed whole genome/exome sequencing (WGS/WES) and/or RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) on 529 HCC from 461 patients collected mainly in France. Based on the great consistence between genomic and transcriptomic data, we identified 9 robust HCC subtypes mainly based on driver mutations. And we further characterized HCC subtypes using genomic, transcriptomic and clinicopathological features. Among 9 subtypes, 5 subtypes belonged to chromosome instable tumors, while 3 subtypes belonged to chromosome stable tumors. In addition, our subtypes were associated with prognosis and we also found different distributions of subtypes across various features, such as etiology and gender. Our study provided a robust molecular classification based on a large HCC dataset from Western country, it improves our understanding of the mechanisms of carcinogenesis and will facilitate development of genome-based precision medicine in HCC.

  Study EGAS00001007957

• Diverse_outcomes_of_controlled_human_malaria_infection_originate_from_host_intrinsic_immune_variation_and_not_var_gene_switching

  Falciparum malaria is clinically heterogeneous and the relative contribution of parasite and host factors in shaping disease severity remains unclear. We set out to explore the interaction between host inflammation and parasite variant surface antigen (VSA) expression, asking whether this relationship underpins the variation observed in controlled human malaria infection. We uncovered marked heterogeneity in the response of naive hosts to blood challenge with some volunteers maintaining a state of immune quiescence, others triggering interferon-stimulated inflammation and a small group showing transcriptional evidence of myeloid cell suppression. Significantly, only inflammatory volunteers experienced hallmark symptoms of clinical malaria. When we then tracked temporal changes in parasite VSA expression to ask whether variants associated with severe disease preferentially expand in naive hosts (as predicted by current theory) we found that var gene profiles were essentially unchanged after 10-days of blood-stage infection. These data therefore show that the diverse clinical outcomes of CHMI largely originate from host-intrinsic variation and there is no evidence for switching or selection of var genes in naïve hosts. This data is part of a pre-publication release. For information on the proper use of pre-publication data shared by the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute (including details of any publication moratoria), please see http://www.sanger.ac.uk/datasharing/

  Study EGAS00001003766

• RNA-Seq of vocal fold fibroblasts in Reinke’s edema and control subjects

  The voice disorder Reinke’s edema (RE) is a smoking- and voice-abuse associated benign lesion of the vocal folds, defined by an edema of the Reinke space, accompanied with pathological microvasculature changes and immune cell infiltration. Vocal fold fibroblasts (VFF) are the main cell type of the lamina propria and play a key role in the disease progression. Current therapy is restricted to symptomatic treatment. Hence, there is an urgent need for a better understanding of the molecular causes of the disease. In the present study, we investigated differential expression profiles of RE and control VFF by means of RNA sequencing. In addition, fast gene set enrichment analysis (FGSEA) was performed in order to obtain involved biological processes, mRNA and protein levels of targets of interest were further evaluated. We identified 74 differentially regulated genes in total, 19 of which were upregulated and 55 downregulated. Differential expression analysis and FGSEA revealed upregulated genes and pathways involved in extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, inflammation and fibrosis. Downregulated genes and pathways were involved in ECM degradation, cell cycle control and proliferation. The current study addressed for the first time a direct comparison of VFF from RE to control and evaluated immediate functional consequences.

  Study EGAS00001005130

• The EGA Helpdesk team: 2025 in review and what we are building next

  Behind every dataset submitted, every access request processed, and every technical question answered, there is a team working quietly to keep things moving: the Helpdesk (HD). With the onset of 2026, this feels like the right moment to look back on what 2025 has been like for the HD team: the challenges we faced, how we adapted, and where we're heading next. Why the Helpdesk matters to EGA The EGA Helpdesk is more than a support channel. It plays a key role in maintaining trust in the EGA ecosystem. By supporting data submitters, researchers, Data Access Committees (DACs), and institutional partners, the HD helps ensure that data can flow securely, efficiently, and reliably. When issues arise, the Helpdesk is often the first place where their impact is felt and addressed. In that sense, the HD sits at the intersection of technology, policy, and people. One Helpdesk, two locations, one shared mission The EGA Helpdesk is a joint, distributed team working closely across two locations: CRG (Barcelona, Spain) and EMBL-EBI (Cambridge, UK). Although we are based in different institutions, we operate as a single Helpdesk, with shared workflows, priorities, and responsibility towards users. At CRG, the HD team is formed by: Andrea Max Àlex and me At EMBL-EBI, we work closely with: Silvia Coline Aravind What defines us as a team is simple: we work user-first, even under pressure. In a highly technical environment, clarity, empathy, and consistency matter just as much as tools and processes. A close collaboration across sites is essential to making that happen. What does the EGA Helpdesk do? The HD supports users across the full lifecycle of data in EGA. This includes: Data submissions, uploads, and encryption workflows. Data access requests and permissions. Questions around policies, consent, and data usage. Technical and system-related issues. Coordination between users, internal teams, and external partners. 2025: growth, change, and recalibration 2025 was a year of growth, but not always a predictable one. Early in the year, several technical and system-related challenges required us to adjust our original plans. Priorities shifted, timelines changed, and some improvements had to be rethought. For the HD team, this is often the hardest part of the job: we see delays through the eyes of users and understand the real impact they can have on ongoing research. One of the key lessons from 2025 was that stability is not only a technical challenge, but also an organisational one. Teamwork proved to be essential: anticipating peak periods, sharing context early, and coordinating closely across teams made a tangible difference. When things became complex, working together across roles and locations was what allowed us to keep moving forward. In 2025, the Helpdesk received 5.313 tickets and resolved 5.511 requests, reflecting both increased adoption of EGA and the team’s ability to absorb higher demand. At the same time, demand continued to grow. Compared to 2024, ticket creation increased by over 6%, while resolution capacity grew by more than 11%. The team not only kept up with incoming requests but also resolved part of the accumulated backlog, finishing the year having solved more tickets than were created. The real challenge of 2025 was not overall performance, but how the workload was concentrated during peak months. Seasonality and demand spikes placed pressure on the system, even while overall efficiency remained strong. On a team level, 2025 was also a year of transition. I joined the HD leadership role in January 2025, stepping into a period of change and rapid learning. Later in the year, in October, we said goodbye to Raül, and in January 2026, we welcomed Àlex, strengthening the team for the next phase. What users needed most in 2025 While requests vary widely, some themes stood out throughout the year: Support with data submissions and uploads Data access requests and permissions Technical and system-related issues As EGA matures, day-to-day operations have become more complex. Many long-running tickets are not delayed due to a lack of follow-up, but because they depend on external approvals, cross-institutional coordination, or multi-step processes. Understanding these patterns helps us focus not just on resolving tickets, but on improving how work flows through the system. Looking ahead to 2026 With a reinforced team and clearer insights from 2025, our focus for 2026 shifts from throughput to flow. Key priorities include: Strengthening our web content and documentation Reducing structural backlog Improving cross-team and cross-system coordination Anticipating peak demand earlier and planning capacity accordingly Challenges will continue to arise in 2026, as they always do. However, 2025 reinforced something important: a stable, empathetic, and well-aligned Helpdesk team is essential to supporting EGA's mission at scale. Supporting users well means supporting research, and that remains at the core of what we do.

  Blog ega-helpdesk-team-2025-in-review-and-upcoming-improvements

• Multiple Myeloma Genomic Study (MMGS)

  Multiple Myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell dyscrasia characterized by bone marrow (BM) infiltration and lytic bone lesions. Recent studies of massive parallel sequencing of tumor cells obtained from the BM of patients with MM have demonstrated significant clonal heterogeneity in MM. Despite this remarkable clonal heterogeneity, it could be envisioned that such clonal diversity may be even higher since single BM samples only represent a small fraction of the whole BM compartment, and the pattern of BM infiltration in MM is typically patchy. In addition, BM biopsies are painful and cannot be repeated multiple times during the course of therapy, indicating a need for less invasive methods to molecularly characterize MM patients and monitor disease progression during the therapy. Thus, optimal characterization of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) may represent a non-invasive method to capture relevant mutations present in PC clones. In addition, MM almost always progresses from precursor states of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS)/smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM) to overt MM. However, some patients rapidly progress from MGUS/SMM to overt MM (progressors) with a rate of progression of up to 70% over 5 years, while others remain indolent with minimal progression over the same time period (non-progressors). Although many patients are diagnosed with earlier phases of disease, most patients do not receive treatment until their disease progresses, at which time they have overt end-organ damage. This concept of initiating therapy at the time of symptomatic disease is analogous to initiating therapy in patients with solid tumors only after the development of measurable metastatic disease. It is therefore not surprising that cure is not achieved for most patients with MM. Interestingly, studies have demonstrated that MGUS/SMM clones may already harbor chromosomal alterations (Ig loci or hyperdiploidy) and that progression to MM is mainly due to expansion of clones that were already present in the early stages of MGUS/SMM. However, the biological factors that discriminate progressors from non-progressors in MGUS/SMM are not well known. Therefore, our overarching hypothesis is that an effective therapeutic intervention will result from defining genomic and transcriptomic markers that are associated with disease progression. We believe, therefore, that focused research studies that define molecular mechanisms of clonal evolution in MGUS/SMM/MM will identify novel biomarkers of disease progression and help develop therapeutic agents that prevent or delay progression from MGUS to overt MM. Indeed, by eradicating the disease at the precursor stages, MM may become a preventable disease. Recently, a new term called Clonal Hematopoiesis of Indeterminate Potential (CHIP) has been proposed to describe asymptomatic individuals with hematologic malignancy-associated somatic mutations. Those individuals do not fulfill any diagnostic criteria for any hematological malignancy yet they have a tendency to progress into myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) or myeloid or lymphoid neoplasia at a rate of around 0.5-1% per year, similar to MGUS. The frequency of CHIP and role of HSCs mutations in enhancing acquisition of somatic mutations in MM plasma cells, allowing progression following treatment, has not been studied. Investigating the dysregulated pathways in early progenitor cells would allow us to understand the reasons of progression and establish novel therapeutic and potentially preventive strategies. This study dissects genomic and transcriptomic characteristics of clonal evolution from MGUS/SMM to MM as well as the characteristics of the tumor microenvironment/immune cells/peripheral blood. Our hypothesis is that molecular biomarkers will be strong predictors of progression from MGUS/SMM to MM and will allow for the development of novel therapeutic agents that prevent or delay this progression. We aim to define genomic and transcriptomic markers that lead to progression from MGUS/SMM to MM in tumor cells, blood biopsies (cell free DNA and circulating tumor cells), and the tumor microenvironment.

  Study phs001323

• Data Access Commitee for Schulte-Schrepping et al., 2020: Severe COVID-19 is marked by a dysregulated myeloid cell compartment

  Dac EGAC00001001684

• Whole Genome Sequencing of HCC

  The present series corresponds to 24 whole genome sequencing (12 Tumoral/Non-tumoral pairs). Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for more than 90% of liver cancers, and is a major health problem. It is the 3rd cause of cancer-related mortality. Advances in genomic analyses have formed a comprehensive understanding of different underlying pathobiological layers resulting in hepatocarcinogenesis. Thus, the development of next-generation sequencing technologies has made it possible to generate more comprehensive catalogues of somatic alteration events (single nucleotide substitutions, structural variations, and epigenetic changes) in liver cancer genome than ever before.

  Dataset EGAD00001003994

• Methylome profiling of Solitary fibrous tumor/Hemangiopericytoma (SFT/HPC) and a patient derived cell-line model

  Solitary fibrous tumor/Hemangiopericytoma (SFT/HPC) is a rare subtype of soft tissue sarcoma associated with NAB2-STAT6 gene fusions. This study established and characterized a novel SFT/HPC patient-derived cell line called SFT-S1 using the twist human methylome panel.

  Study EGAS50000000026

• Rheumatoid Arthritis Finger Stick RNA Sequence Data

  This is a longitudinal study of 355 blood samples collected weekly from 5 patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis with varying disease activity over the course of one to five years. Blood samples were self collected from finger sticks and mailed from home. RNA was extracted, purified and sequenced.

  Study phs003179

• Understanding the Biology of Language Impairment through Whole Genome Sequencing

  This study involves the whole genome sequencing of a cohort of 390 individuals assessed for language ability, IQ, and behavior as schoolchildren. The primary goal of the study is to identify genes, regulatory elements, and pathways which may underlie variation in language ability within an average population. 

  Study phs002255

• Genome-Wide Association Study on Calcific Aortic Valve Stenosis in Quebec (QUEBEC-CAVS)

  Calcific aortic valve stenosis (CAVS) is a common and life-threatening heart disease with no drug that can stop or delay its progression. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) on 1,009 cases and 1,017 ethnically-matched controls was performed to identify susceptibility genes for CAVS.

  Study phs001492

• Bulgarian Trio Sequencing Study to Identify de Novo Mutations in Schizophrenia

  The primary aim of this study is to whole exome sequence complete Bulgarian trios to identify de novo mutations in schizophrenic probands. We are investigating the rate of de novo mutations in probands as well as looking for enrichment among previously implicated genes and synaptic gene sets.

  Study phs000687

• Genetic investigation of 12q-amplified osteosarcomas

  Further investigation and characterisation of 12q-amplified low- and high-grade osteosarcomas with MDM2 and/or CDK4 amplification focusing on SV, copy number and gene fusion analyses. In total, 25 cases (33 samples total due to multi-sampling) were included, with some form of sequencing data available for 27 samples. Mate-pair whole genome sequencing (Illumina) is available for 19 samples, longread whole genome sequencing (PacBio HiFi) on 10 samples and RNA-sequencing (Illumina Truseq) on 21 samples. Data is available as BAM files.

  Dataset EGAD50000000707

• Cohort A spatial transcriptomics sequencing

  Cohort A includes glioma tumors of varied grading and pathology from male and female individuals. Fresh frozen glioma tissues for each sample in cohort A were analyzed with the 10X Genomics Visium Spatial Gene Expression protocol. Processed data is available on the NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus database with accession GSE242352.

  Study EGAS50000000954

• Cohort B spatial transcriptomics sequencing

  Cohort B includes IDH-wild type, EGFR amplified, surgically derived glioblastoma tissue samples from male and female individuals. FFPE tissues for each sample in cohort B were analyzed with the 10X Genomics Visium CytAssist protocol. Processed data is available on the NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus database with accession GSE242352.

  Study EGAS50000000956

• NHLBI TOPMed: Genetic Causes of Complex Pediatric Disorders - Asthma (GCPD-A)

  The Center for Applied Genomics (CAG) at the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP) is focused on addressing the roles of both single nucleotide variants and structural copy number variants, and their functional impact, together with gene-environment interactions and their influence on asthma drug response.

  Study phs001661

• CD79B expression in DLBCL

  This study proposes a novel association between CD79B expression and cell-of-origin subtypes of DLBCL. Integrative single-cell analyses also revealed a distinct association between germinal center B-cell physiology and the pattern of CD79B expression, which is potentially a key explanation for the variable CD79B expression in DLBCL.

  Study EGAS50000000363

• Spatial and temporal transcriptome analysis on human skeletal muscle regeneration

  Skeletal muscle carries a unique ability for adaptation as well as regeneration that highly depends on a supportive cellular microenvironment. Here we show that spatial and single-cell transcriptomic analysis in human skeletal muscle is a unique approach to illuminate cellular interactions in the microenvironment.

  Study EGAS50000000182

• Genomic analysis of high-risk prostate cancer.

  Whole genome sequencing analysis of high risk localised primary prostate cancer samples including metastatic samples was performed across 153 tumour samples with matching germline sequencing (whole blood). Samples were all fresh frozen frozen section confirmed tumour specimens and associated clinical and pathological metadata is available for these specimens.

  Study EGAS00001003088

• SDR-seq_06_BCL

  Multiomic targeted scDNA-scRNA-seq (SDR-seq) of primary B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas. Aim is to link genomci variants to gene expression in single cells. Profiled two follicular lymphoma (FL) primary patient samples and one germinal center subtype diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (GCB) primary patient sample.

  Study EGAS50000000374

• Chromatin accessibility analysis of epidermal keratinocytes from psoriatic, clinically healed, and healthy control skin

  This study uses ATAC-seq to analyze epidermal keratinocytes from psoriatic lesions, clinically healed skin of the same patients, and healthy control skin. The aim is to elucidate chromatin accessibility changes associated with psoriasis pathogenesis and remission from 6 lesional, 6 healed, and 5 control samples.

  Study JGAS000844

• Epigenome mapping in purified cells of the digestive and urogenital organs: Participation in International Human Epigenome Consortium (IHEC) (RNA-Seq)

  The aim of this study is to participate in International Human Epigenome Consortium (IHEC, http://ihec-epigenomes.org/), through disclosure of quality epigenome profiles of various normal cell lineages and diseased cells purified from surgically resected materials of multiple Japanese people.

  Study JGAS000028

• Single cell RNA sequencing of human cord Blood CD34 Cells

  We performed single cell RNA sequencing and ATAC e valuation of human umbilical cord blood. To explore the differentiation pathway for human lymphoid lineage, our target cells contain CD34-positive cord blood. That population is evaluated by single cell RNA sequencing and single cell ATAC.

  Study JGAS000528

• Genetic and epigentic analysis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Methylation analysis of nonalcoholic fatty liver.

  The aim of this study is to elucidate the mRNA expression related to the development and/or progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. We performed genome-wide methylation analysis and determined the differentially methylated CpGs between mild and advanced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

  Study JGAS000059

• comprehensive genetic analysis and database construction for head and neck cancer

  The main purpose is to conduct comprehensive genetic analysis of head and neck malignant tumor tissue and patient-derived blood, and to construct a database for it. By analyzing these databases, we aim to clinically identify recurrence and metastasis prediction markers and establish new molecular target therapies.

  Study JGAS000214

• Epigenome mapping in purified cells of the digestive and urogenital organs: Participation in International Human Epigenome Consortium (IHEC) (WGBS)

  The aim of this study is to participate in International Human Epigenome Consortium (IHEC, http://ihec-epigenomes.org/), through disclosure of quality epigenome profiles of various normal cell lineages and diseased cells purified from surgically resected materials of multiple Japanese people.

  Study JGAS000026

• Epigenome mapping in purified cells of the digestive and urogenital organs: Participation in International Human Epigenome Consortium (IHEC) (ChIP-seq)

  The aim of this study is to participate in International Human Epigenome Consortium (IHEC, http://ihec-epigenomes.org/), through disclosure of quality epigenome profiles of various normal cell lineages and diseased cells purified from surgically resected materials of multiple Japanese people.

  Study JGAS000027

• TTFields Glioblastoma Data Access Committee, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin

  This Data Access Committee is responsible for reviewing and approving data access requests for genomic and associated clinical data from patients with glioblastoma, IDH wildtype, treated with surgery, standard chemoradiotherapy and Tumor Treating Fields at Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin. The DAC ensures that any data use is consistent with the patients’ informed consent, the study’s ethical approval and applicable data protection regulations. Approved applicants may use the data only for biomedical research on brain tumours and related methods, must not attempt re-identification of participants, and may not share the data with unauthorized third parties

  Dac EGAC50000000843

• Transcriptomics for LUNG-NSCLC2 cohort

  The goal of IMMUcan is to understand how the immune system interacts with tumors and how therapeutic interventions influence this interaction. This cohort includes patients with non-small cell lung cancer who had surgical resection. This is a subcohort of the EORTC SPECTAlung study. This dataset contains transcriptomics data processed with the STAR pipeline. Two sequencing kits were employed: Roche KAPA for high-quality RNA samples and Takara SMART-Seq Stranded for samples with limited RNA quantities.

  Dataset EGAD50000002236

• IBD_Whole_Genome_Sequencing

  Whole genome sequences at 15X depth of patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease. This data is part of a pre-publication release. For information on the proper use of pre-publication data shared by the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute (including details of any publication moratoria), please see http://www.sanger.ac.uk/datasharing/

  Study EGAS00001002754

• Repeated_clinical_malaria_episodes_are_associated_with_modification_of_the_immune_system_in_children_

  Repeated clinical malaria episodes are associated with modification of the immune system in children.This data is part of a pre-publication release. For information on the proper use of pre-publication data shared by the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute (including details of any publication moratoria), please see http://www.sanger.ac.uk/datasharing/.

  Study EGAS00001003167

• Immunodeficiency_

  We are doing single-cell RNAseq from B cells from monozygotic twins discordant for common variable immunodeficiency 1) This data is part of a pre-publication release. For information on the proper use of pre-publication data shared by the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute please see http://www.sanger.ac.uk/datasharing/

  Study EGAS00001002667

• Whole genome sequencing and whole exome sequencing of DIPG tumors and matched normal tissue

  Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma (DIPG) is a fatal brain cancer that arises in the brainstem of children with no effective treatment. To understand what drives DIPGs we integrated whole-genome-sequencing with methylation, expression and copy-number profiling.

  Study EGAS00001000575

• Whole_Genome_Sequencing_of_INTERVAL

  15x Whole Genome Sequencing of 15,000 individuals from the INTERVAL study cohort, phase II. This data is part of a pre-publication release. For information on the proper use of pre-publication data shared by the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute (including details of any publication moratoria), please see http://www.sanger.ac.uk/datasharing/

  Study EGAS00001002461

• _Isotype_resolved_sequencing_of_B_cell_receptor__in_sorted_memory_populations

  Optimisation of ex vivo Memory B cell Expansion/Differentiation for Interrogation of Rare Peripheral Memory B Cell Subset Responses 1) This data is part of a pre-publication release. For information on the proper use of pre-publication data shared by the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute please see http://www.sanger.ac.uk/datasharing/

  Study EGAS00001002633

• V2_panel_bait_design_test

  This study comprises of three different datasets. 1) 57 samples from the 1243 canapps cell line study,2) 91 FFPE normal samples and 3) 87 samples from the SCORT WS2 dataset. The aim is to sequence these 235 samples in order to test the new V2 Colorectal bait design.

  Study EGAS00001001780

• Whole_Genome_Sequencing_of_INTERVAL

  15x Whole Genome Sequencing of 15,000 individuals from the INTERVAL study cohort, phase III. This data is part of a pre-publication release. For information on the proper use of pre-publication data shared by the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute (including details of any publication moratoria), please see http://www.sanger.ac.uk/datasharing/

  Study EGAS00001002787

• Predictor_ChemoNEAR_TNBC

  In this study a collection of core biopsies from breast cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy as part of the ChemoNEAR trial will be investigated. The study is intended to detect early acquired resistance in women with diagnosed breast carcinoma. Samples will undergo whole genome sequencing and analysis, including use of HR Predict.

  Study EGAS00001002806

• ENGAGE___Amendment__500_genes_exon_sequencing_

  The ENGAGE project is a FP7 funded EU project aiming to combine genetic and phenotype information from European population based cohorts. In this sub-project we aim to do whole exome sequencing of individuals selected from Health 2000 and FINRISK cohorts. Individuals have been selected based on their metabolic trait phenotypes

  Study EGAS00001000137

• Paired whole exome sequence of subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma.

  Subcutaneous panniculitis-like T-cell lymphoma (SPTCL) is a rare subtype of peripheral T-cell lymphoma affecting younger cases and associated with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis. To clarify molecular pathogenesis of SPTCL, we analyzed paired tumor and germline DNAs from 13 patients by whole exome sequencing.

  Study EGAS00001003282

• MDS Sequencing Project_Cancer Cell

  Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are uncommon entities, heterogeneous clinically and cytogenetically. The aim of the present study is to determine genetic alteration in this subset of patients. Expected results: Identification of new aberrations and genetic markers in order to detect novel genes involved in MDS 5q-response to Lenalidomide's treatment.

  Study EGAS00001001011

• Platelet_collagen_defect

  As part of the Bloodomics collaboration we have several categories of pedigrees with diseases/syndromes relevant to cardiovascular diseases (CVD). One such pedigree, is from families who have a platelet collagen defect. Exome sequencing has been performed as part of a discovery program to ascertain potential causative variants of the clinical phenotype.

  Study EGAS00001000105

• Integrated molecular analysis of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma

  This study is an integrated molecular study of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma which includes whole-exome (n = 81), whole-genome (n = 48), and transcriptome sequencing data (n = 57) as well as methylation (n = 109) and SNP array data (n = 426)

  Study EGAS00001001296

• RNA-sequencing of adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma samples

  Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) is a highly aggressive hematological malignancy derived from mature CD4+ T-lymphocytes. In this study, we performed RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis for ATL samples including 9 primary tumors and 1 ATL cell line to clarify gene expression profiles in this disease.

  Study EGAS00001003575

• ENU_HT_29_BRAF_Triple_Therapy_Clones

  KRAS mutant CRC is currently in clinical trial with a combination of a MEK and Akt inhibitor. These patients will likely develop resistance to this combination. We aim to identify the mechanisms of resistance via ENU mutagenesis, with a view to identifying additional therapeutics which have the ability to overcome this resistance.

  Study EGAS00001001778

• Glioblastoma_CRISPR_Screen

  This is an in vitro genome-wide CRISPR/cas9 screen in human glioblastoma stem cells, screening for genes essential for survival of these cells. These cells express cas9 and have been transfected with a guide RNA library causing gene knockouts. We will analyse the sequencing data for depletion of guide RNAs.

  Study EGAS00001001519

• Post-zygotic germline mutations in sperm

  These data from sperm were generated to demonstrate detection of post-zygotic mutations in the male germline. This data is part of a pre-publication release. For information on the proper use of pre-publication data shared by the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute please see http://www.sanger.ac.uk/datasharing/

  Study EGAS00001001700

• Australia_and_New_Guinea_haplotype_phasing_

  Whole-genome sequencing and phasing of admixed Aboriginal Australian genomes and Papua New Guinean genomes using 10x Genomics Chromium technology. This data is part of a pre-publication release. For information on the proper use of pre-publication data shared by the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute please see http://www.sanger.ac.uk/datasharing/

  Study EGAS00001001853

• Melanoma_brain_metastases

  This is a whole exome study of brain metastases in melanoma. We are studying the genomic evolution of primary cutaneous melanoma to brain met in patients with brain-only metastatic disease. We are also looking at the genomic heterogeneity in patients with temporally, anatomically and regionally separated brian metastases.

  Study EGAS00001002107

• Bottleneck_Sequencing_Of_Human_Tissue__Wgs_

  Bottleneck sequencing of human tissue including neurons, cord blood, sperm This data is part of a pre-publication release. For information on the proper use of pre-publication data shared by the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute (including details of any publication moratoria), please see http://www.sanger.ac.uk/datasharing/

  Study EGAS00001004066

• Ensemble learning for classifying single-cell data and projection across reference atlases

  Single-cell data are being generated at an accelerating pace.How best to project data across single-cell atlases is an open problem. We developed a boosted learner that overcomes the greatest challenge with status quo classifiers: low sensitivity, especially when dealing with rare cell types.

  Study EGAS00001004283

• scRNAseq_of_newly_diagnosed_IBD

  We will perform scRNAseq of newly diagnosed IBD patient terminal ileum and blood, and patients will be longitudinally followed up 1) This data is part of a pre-publication release. For information on the proper use of pre-publication data shared by the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute please see http://www.sanger.ac.uk/datasharing/

  Study EGAS00001006219

• Investigation of human variation in healthy individuals on gene and protein levels

  The study examines human variation in healthy individuals, with samples taken from peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The study is a part of a larger effort to understand variants better both on level of genes and proteins. Thus for each DNA sample, corresponding protein samples are available.

  Study EGAS00001003590

• Search for genetic variants influencing gestational weight gain in type 1 diabetes patients by genome wide association method

  Clinical data suggest that BMI and gestational weight gain (GWG) are strongly interconnected phenotypes, however the genetic basis of the latter is rather unclear. Here we aim to investigate the genetic factors associated with GWG from the perspective of the genetics of obesity.

  Study EGAS00001004408

• Assessment of genetic and epigenetic variation in human IPS cells

  In order to progress human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) towards the clinic, several outstanding questions must be addressed. It is possible to reprogram different somatic cell types into hiPSCs but it is unlcear whether some cell types carry through fewer mutations through reprogramming (either due to mutations present in the primary cells, or mutations accumulated during reprogramming). Through in depth analysis of hiPSCs generated from different somatic cells, it will be possible to assess the variation in genetic stability of different cell types.

  Dataset EGAD00001000384

• ICU transcriptomics: Assessing the role of the host immune response in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia

  This is a study of 100 patients with the aim to provide transcriptomic sequencing data analysis of cells isolated from bronchioalveolar lavage and blood samples from critically ill patients with pneumonia on an intensive care unit in order to investigate the host contribution to disease. This data is part of a pre-publication release. For information on the proper use of pre-publication data shared by the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute (including details of any publication moratoria), please see http://www.sanger.ac.uk/datasharing/

  Dataset EGAD00001015407

• Whole Exome Sequencing of 60 tumor/normal matched liver Cancers (HCC)

  The French ICGC project on liver tumors is coordinated by Pr Jessica Zucman-Rossi and funded by Inca (French Institute for Cancer). The aim of the present project is to identify the catalog of somatic and germline mutations in liver tumors using whole genome (WGS) and whole exome sequencing (WGS), integrated with DNA methylation and RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data. The present series corresponds to 60 whole exome tumor/normal pairs with matched RNA-seq.

  Dataset EGAD00001004180

• WGS and WES of Advance Prostate Cancer

  The dataset consists of BAM files of 2 pairs of matched tumor/normal samples of a men with advanced prostate cancer. One pair is whole genome sequencing: WGS_T/WGS_N for tumor and normal samples, respectively; and the other pair is whole exome sequencing: WES_T/WES_N for tumor and normal specimens, respectively. Details can be found at the publication titled: "Molecular Medicine Tumor Board: Whole Genome Sequencing to Inform on Personalized Medicine for a Man with Advanced Prostate Cancer"

  Dataset EGAD00001006487

• Long-read sequencing identifies a common transposition haplotype predisposing for CLCNKB deletions

  Long-read whole genome sequencing, long-read long-range PCR sequencing, targetted long fragment long-read sequencing data of the CLCNKA/CLCNKB locus in 27 Bartter syndrome patients. Multiple different deletion alleles are identified and a new common transposition haplotype predisposing for CLCNKB deletions is described.

  Study EGAS00001007339

• RRBS data from TRACERx non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumours and matched normal adjacent tissue.

  TRACERx (TRAcking Cancer Evolution through therapy (Rx)) is a prospective cohort study designed to investigate intratumor heterogeneity (ITH) in relation to clinical outcome, and to determine the clonal nature of driver events and evolutionary processes in early stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

  Study EGAS00001008071

• Molecular characterisation of paediatric PDX cells before and after 3D RASTRUM bioprintin

  This dataset is a part of the publication and contains source data for comparative analysis of the molecular (TSO500, RNAseq) characteristics between patient-derived xenograft (PDX) cells from high-risk paediatric neuroblastoma and sarcoma models before and after 3D bioprinting using RASTRUM Bioprinter.

  Study EGAS00001008220

• This DAC is the list of persons that, on behalf of the UKBEC consortium, manage the access to the UKBEC data.

  Dac EGAC00001000314

• Targeted analysis of cell-free circulating tumor DNA is suitable for early relapse and actionable target detection in patients with neuroblastoma

  Study EGAS00001006027

• BotSeq sequences1

  This is the first dataset for the Botseq sequencing project

  Dataset EGAD00001002263

• Transdisciplinary Research Into Cancer of the Lung (TRICL) - Exome Plus Targeted Sequencing

  The study was conducted under the auspices of the Transdisciplinary Research In Cancer of the Lung (TRICL) Research Team, which is a part of the Genetic Associations and MEchanisms in ONcology (GAME-ON) consortium, and associated with the International Lung Cancer Consortium (ILCCO). Ethics All participants provided written informed consent. All studies were reviewed and approved by institutional ethics review committees at the involved institutions. Sequencing data are derived from four sub-studies. The sub-studies that contributed include Harvard, Liverpool, Toronto, and IARC. The IARC and Toronto studies are described above. A description of the Harvard and Liverpool studies is provided below. Liverpool Lung Project: The Liverpool Lung Project (LLP)1 is a case control and cohort study, which has over 11,500 individuals, with detailed epidemiological, clinical and outcome data with associated specimens (i.e. tumour tissue, blood, plasma, sputum, bronchial lavage, EBUS and oral brushings). The participants have completed a detailed lifestyle questionnaire and updated data on clinical outcome and hospital events are collected through the Office of National Statistics, Cancer Registry and from Health Episode Statistics. The project is registered on the UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) lung cancer portfolio and has all the required ethical approvals and sponsorship arrangements in place. The LLP has detailed standard operating procedures (SOP) for all aspects of the recruitment, data, specimen collection as well as the data storage. The LLP Cohort study has 8,224 participants with blood and 7,761 with plasma samples. The LLP case-control samples have been incorporated into in a large number of international GWAS and molecular studies 2,3, methylation 4-7, microRNA 8and next generation studies 9-11, resulting in high ranking publications, as well as forming the basis for the LLP risk prediction model 12-14 which has been utilised in the UK lung cancer screening trial (UKLS) 15-17 Patient and control DNAs were derived from EDTA-venous blood samples. Harvard Samples. David Christiani at the Harvard University School of Public Health has been directing research studies to investigate etiological factors influencing lung cancer development since 1983 and has amassed a collection of 2000 controls and 5055 lung cancer cases. He has been actively collecting and storing snap frozen tumor samples since 1992. Around 1500 tumor samples have been collected and the average wet tumor yield is about 30 grams of tumor, of which 631 cases have completely annotated clinical and survival information. Pathology confirmation is provided by two pathologists. At the time of surgery, a minimum of 30 grams of wet lung tumor tissue and 30 grams of non-involved tissue from the same lobe is sectioned, flash frozen and sent to Dr. Christiani's lab for logging and storage. A blood sample for DNA and serum is collected. A structured interview by trained research staff is conducted on each case, and clinical outcomes and treatments is extracted and entered into the molecular epidemiology data base at Harvard. Fresh frozen samples have been collected from 1451 lung cancer and are available for study. Samples from this collaborative study have played key roles in major studies, including the initial finding describing EGFR mutations in lung cancer 22. Participants in this study are patients, > 18 years of age, with newly diagnosed histologically confirmed lung cancer. Samples that are included in the analysis have the following histologies: Adenocarcinoma: 8140/3, 8250/3, 8260/3, 8310/3, 8480/3 8560/3; LCC: 8012/3, 8031/3; squamous carcinoma: 8070/3, 8071/3, 8072/3, 8074/3; and other NSCLC: 8010/3, 8020/3, 8021/3, 8032/3, 8230/3. The Toronto Study: The Toronto study was conducted in the Great Toronto Area between 1997 and 2014. Cases were recruited at the hospitals in the network of University of Toronto and Lunenfeld- Tanenbaum Research Institute. At the time of recruitment in the clinical setting, provisional diagnoses of lung carcinoma were first assigned based on clinical criteria. Diagnoses for all cases included were histologically confirmed by the reference pathologist who is a specialist in pulmonary pathology, based on review of pathology reports from surgery, biopsy or cytology samples in 100% of cases. Diagnostic classification was done initially according to ICD-9, ICD-10, and ICD for oncology-2, and subsequently converted to ICD-O-3. Tumors were grouped into the major categories included in this analysis according to primary cancer type based on the ICD-3 definitions. Controls were randomly selected from individual visiting family medicine clinics and Ministry of Finance Municipal Tax Tapes. All subjects were interviewed using a standard questionnaire and information on lifestyle risk factors, occupational history, medical and family history was collected. Blood samples were collected from more than 85% of the subjects. IARC: The IARC data are derived from case-control studies conducted in Russia and include samples that have available tissue samples. Patient and control DNAs were derived from EDTA-venous blood samples. The lung cancer patients were classified according to ICD-O-3; SQ: 8070/3, 8071/3, 8072/3, 8074/3; AD: 8140/3, 8250/3, 8260/3, 8310/3, 8480/3, 8560/3, 8251/3, 8490/3, 8570/3, 8574/3; with tumous with overlapping histologies classified as mixed. The Lung Cancer Transdisciplinary Research Cohort is utilized in the following dbGaP sub-studies. To view genotypes, other molecular data, and derived variables collected in these sub-studies, please click on the following sub-studies below or in the "Sub-studies" section of this top-level study page phs000876 Lung Cancer Transdisciplinary Research Cohort. phs000877 Meta Analysis phs000878 CIDR Lung Cancer phs001681 Affy Axiom Array

  Study phs000876

• Genomics of Opioid Pharmacogenomics and Acute/Chronic Postsurgical Pain after Major Surgery in Children

  Pain management after surgery is not optimal, partly due to great interindividual variability in pain perception and coping. This can lead to persistent pain beyond the healing period and disability. Up to two-thirds of the inter-individual variability results from genetic variations in pain perception as well as response to the pain medicine. The investigators aim to identify genomic (genetic/epigenetic), psychological and drug profiles contributing to this variability. Opioids are the mainstay for treatment of postoperative pain in children. Experience dictates that opioids have narrow therapeutic indices and large inter-patient variability in response. This leads to serious side effects like respiratory depression in up to 50% of children undergoing invasive surgery, which can be fatal. It is evident that there are particular children who are more susceptible to suffering side effects and having inadequate pain relief from opioids.It is hypothesized that much of the genetic variability can be explained by gene function which is modulated by a) Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in genes that encode proteins involved in pain perception, opioid transport/metabolism (pharmacokinetics), and opioid receptor signaling (pharmacodynamics); b) epigenetics which modify gene expression without structural changes to the DNA, and c) genes that influence psychological factors.The purpose of this research study is to identify factors and genes that may be associated with acute and chronic post-surgical pain, and to develop pharmacometric models for response to opioids, like morphine and hydromorphone. While children undergoing different surgeries will be recruited for acute outcomes, children undergoing spine fusion will be followed for 10-12 months for evaluation of psychological and genomic factors affecting chronic post-surgical pain, with a goal of identifying genetic and epigenetic risk models for prediction of acute and chronic post-surgical pain. Although opioids are used every day, some children have bad reactions from their use, like breathing problems, sedation, etc. The investigators want to study factors that may be associated with pain sensitivity, opioid requirements after surgery, their metabolism, efficacy and their side-effects. The investigators expect that the information obtained in this research study will help to develop effective, safer, and tailored treatment options in the future.

  Study phs002105

• Effect of Crohn's Disease Risk Alleles on Enteric Microbiota

  This UH2/UH3 demonstration project entitled "Effects of Crohn's disease risk alleles on enteric microbiota" is focused on characterizing intestinal associated microbiota in patients with ileal Crohn's disease (ileal CD), ulcerative colitis (UC) and control patients without inflammatory bowel diseases (non-IBD). We hypothesize that genetic factors that affect Paneth cell function, contribute to compositional changes in intestinal microbiota. These changes in microbiota may lead to reduction of protective commensal organisms and increased numbers of aggressive organisms that incite intestinal inflammation. This hypothesis is being tested by high throughput 16S rRNA sequence analysis of de-identified ileal and colonic tissues that have been archived at Washington University St. Louis, University of North Carolina, Mount Sinai Hospital and the Cleveland Clinic. Multivariate analysis of the metagenomic data will be conducted with genotyping metadata (highly reproducible CD risk alleles, including NOD2 and ATG16L1) and phenotyping metadata (e.g. age, gender, race, body mass index, medications and smoking.) Shotgun sequencing will be performed on selected fecal specimens linked to ileal tissues to identify additional, or auxiliary, or synergistic pathogenic factors or other functional changes in the microbiome. Because members of this research team have observed that a chronic viral infection is required for the Paneth cell defect in Atg16l1 hypomorphic mice, a major focus of these studies will be towards identifying potential viral triggers for the defective Paneth cell phenotype in individuals harboring the ATG16L1 risk allele. Novel genetic probes for protective and aggressive organisms will be developed by mining bacterial genome and shotgun sequencing data. Genomic sequences will be produced for candidate protective and aggressive strains (e.g. adherent-invasive strains of E. coli) isolated from human intestinal tissues where there is limited existing genome information. Quantitative qPCR assays using the novel as well as established genetic probes will be conducted to test the hypothesis that an imbalance between protective and aggressive organisms is associated with genetic factors that affect Paneth cell function. Our combined expertise in multiple disciplines across multiple institutions, our demonstrated ability to collect a large number of well-phenotyped samples with longitudinal clinical information that will be linked to host response and morphologic studies, and our consortium's capacity for high-throughput sequencing will be used to investigate how alterations in human microbiome relate to CD risk alleles and CD pathogenesis.

  Study phs000255

• CSER: Clinical Implementation of Carrier Testing Using Next Generation Sequencing (NextGen)

  We will investigate the clinical implementation of genome sequencing (GS) for carrier screening to aid reproductive decision-making in adults. The study is organized into three inter-related Projects. The study population will include women and their partners who receive pre-conception testing. In Project 1, we will conduct a Randomized Clinical Trial to test clinical implementation of WGS compared with usual care. We will integrate WGS results with the electronic medical record (EMR), and measure outcomes from patient and physician perspectives. In Project 2, we will perform whole genome sequencing, including validation and interpretation of the identified variants to identify "actionable variants", meaning variants deemed worthy of reporting. This will include a robust approach using a Return of Results Committee (RORC) for determination of reportable results. In Project 3, we will evaluate the ethical and psychosocial implications of expanded carrier screening using WGS for the return of carrier status and secondary findings, and measure the impact on downstream healthcare utilization and cost. Two groups of women are identified through the electronic medical record. The first group has a clinical carrier screening test, usually Cystic Fibrosis (CF), ordered and completed as part of a preconception planning visit. The second group has a carrier screening test, usually CF, performed during pregnancy, they have delivered their baby and are planning a future pregnancy. Eligible women are randomized to either usual care or genome sequencing (GS). Women randomized into the usual care arm have already received their clinical genetic test. These women will not receive genome sequencing. Women in the GS arm will receive their carrier status results for about 700 gene/condition pairs approximately three months after randomization. If there are results to return, women come in for a genetic counseling session. If there are no results, a letter is sent in the mail. Incidental findings (IF) are returned about one month later. As with the carrier status results, all IF are returned in person, and if there are no results a letter is sent in the mail. If a participant is found to be a carrier of an autosomal recessive condition, her male partner is then eligible and invited to participate in the study and receive GS.

  Study phs000927

• Genetic mechanisms of resistance to chemotherapy in breast cancer

  Resistance towards chemotherapy is one of the main causes of treatment failure and deathamong breast cancer patients.The main objective of this project is toidentify genetic mechanisms causing some breast cancer patients not torespond to a particluar type of chemotherapy (epirubicin) while otherpatients respond very well to the same treatment. In the project wewill perform genome / exome sequencing of a selection of breast cancerpatients (n=30). These patients are drawn from a cohort where allpatients have recieved treatment with epirubicin monotherapy before surgical removal of alocally advanced breast tumour, and where all patients have beensubjected to objective evaluation of the response to thetherapy. Subsequent to sequencing, we will analyse the data andcompare with the clinical data for each patient (object response totherapy). The main aim being to identify mutations that are associatedwith resistance to epirubicin. Identification of mutations with strongpredictive value, may have a direct impact on cancer treatment sinceit opens the possibility for genetic testing of a tumour, and desicionon which drug is likely to work best, prior to treatment start.

  Dataset EGAD00001000264

• Shallow Whole Genome Sequencing of Patient Derived Xenografts

  Chemotherapy is the standard-of-care treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) and benefits some patients, but what distinguishes responders from non-responders is unclear. In this study, we leveraged a comprehensive collection of 27 molecularly annotated patient-derived xenografts to uncover functional predictors of response to 5-FU and irinotecan combination therapy (FOLFIRI) in mCRC. Genetic analyses revealed that treatment sensitivity was marked by genomic scars indicative of BRCAness, suggesting homologous recombination (HR) deficiency as a key determinant. Accordingly, we surveyed a manually curated panel of 44 genes with a documented role in HR for the potential presence of pathogenic mutations. We did not observe a specific enrichment of HR gene mutations based on response to FOLFIRI. This result, combined with the absence of widespread biallelic inactivation of the analyzed genes and the predominance of mutations categorized as variants of unknown significance, suggests that FOLFIRI sensitivity is not primarily governed by underlying mutations in HR genes responsible for mitigating the genotoxic effects of this therapeutic regimen.

  Dataset EGAD50000000277

• Whole exome sequencing (WES) of EBV- primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL)

  This dataset contains whole exome sequencing (WES) of 29 HIV- EBV- primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) tumors and 5 activated B-cell-like PCNSL (ABC-PCNSL) and activated B-cell-like diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (ABC-DLBCL) cell lines (TK, HKBML, OCI-Ly3, HBL-1, TMD-8). Cases with secondary involvement of the CNS were excluded. DNA was extracted with AllPrep DNA/RNA FFPE kit and libraries were prepared using the Agilent SureSelect Human All Exon v6 + UTR kit. Paired end reads were aligned to GRCh37 using bwa mem v.0.7.17, and reads were sorted and duplicated were marked in the final BAM files. Access to this data is controlled. There are a number of steps that a researcher must take to obtain access to this data, including execution of a Data Access Agreement between the institutions. The process is overseen by the Technology Development Office; please contact our general email address TDOadmin@phsa.ca. Please only click the "request data" button on the EGA website after a Data Access Agreement is fully executed.

  Dataset EGAD50000000451

• Intrapatient tumor heterogeneity and clonal evolution in metastatic salivary gland cancer: an autopsy study: access to data

  Funded by the Radboud Oncology Fund and the Dr. C.J. Vaillant Fund, the Salivary Gland Cancer Autopsy research group (Research Group) has sequenced DNA of 17 salivary gland cancer samples of and three healthy control samples from three patients with salivary gland cancer. This research project is led by Carla M.L. van Herpen from Radboud University Medical Centre in Nijmegen, the Netherlands (“Radboudumc”). The DNA sequencing data have been used for an analysis of intrapatient tumor heterogeneity and clonal evolution of metastatic salivary gland cancer. The Research Group is willing to consider applications from third party researchers for access to the DNA sequence data. Access to the data will be granted to qualified researchers for approved use. Access to DNA Sequencing Data is available by application to the Data Access Committee (DAC). Researchers granted access to DNA Sequencing Data must feedback the results of their research to the Research Group, after publication in accordance with the Research Group publication policy set forth in the Data Access Agreement.

  Dac EGAC50000000792

• Lenalidomide Resistance in del(5q) Myelodysplastic Syndrome Follows Loss of RUNX1/TP53-mediated Megakaryocytic Differentiation

  Interstitial deletion of the long arm of chromosome 5 (del(5q)) is the commonest structural genomic variant in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). Lenalidomide (LEN) is the treatment of choice for patients with del(5q) MDS, but half of the responding patients become resistant within two years. TP53 mutations are detected in ~20% of patients who become resistant to LEN. Our data show that patients who become resistant to LEN harbor either TP53 or RUNX1 mutations or loss of RUNX1 expression. Here we show that LEN-induced degradation of IKZF1 permits a RUNX1/GATA2 complex to drive megakaryocytic differentiation and consequent del(5q) MDS progenitor cell death via CRBN-mediated CSNK1A1 degradation. Overexpression of GATA2 is able to restore LEN sensitivity in the context of RUNX1 or TP53 mutations by enhancing LEN-induced megakaryocytic differentiation. Screening for TP53 and RUNX1 mutations or downregulation should identify patients resistant to LEN, and strategies to activate GATA2 may resensitize del(5q) MDS cells to LEN.

  Dataset EGAD00001005769

• WGS dataset of Mutational Mechanisms in Multiply Relapsed Pediatric Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

  Pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is marked by low mutational load at initial diagnosis, which increases at relapse. The elevated mutational load at relapse can partly be explained by at least two therapy-related effects and a combination of therapy and underlying mismatch repair deficiency. However, our understanding of the type and timing of mutational mechanisms in relapsed ALL is limited, and it is unclear to what extent mutational processes contribute to disease progression. We collected a cohort of 29 Dutch ALL patients across multiple treatment protocols who had multiple relapses. Using whole genome sequencing of the sequential tumor samples of each patient we were able to distinguish the mutational processes active in relapsed ALL and could track the activity of mutational processes over time. This allowed us to investigate whether subtype-specific mutational processes at diagnosis can continue in relapse or emerge at relapse if absent in initial diagnosis. Furthermore, we assessed whether the activity of mutational processes contributed to disease development and relapse.

  Dataset EGAD00001015401

• Next gen seq of eye cancers (2019-08-14)

  Retinoblastoma (RB), the commonest eye cancer in children was the first cancer for which a genetic cause was identified: the Rb1 gene is a tumour suppressor gene that is mutated in RB. The Rb1 gene defect alone does not predict the clinical outcome. We propose to study other possible mechanisms: 1. Stepwise further mutations occur in RB, increasing its carcinogenesis. We will sequence the whole genome in RB tissue, and relate the different genes expressed to the treatments used. 2. Extracellular matric proteins contribute to a tumour permissive environment for RB to continue to grow. This includes Samll Leucine Rich Proteoglycans (SLRP), a family of 15 secreted extracellular matrix proteins involved in eye development. 3. Cancer stem cells (CSC), a subpopulation of treatment resistant cells, drive RB tumours, and whether these stem cells can be manipulated for new therapies. The aim of this study is to assist finding targeted diagnostic techniques and treatments for RB. . This dataset contains all the data available for this study on 2019-08-14.

  Dataset EGAD00001005251

• Recording physiological history of cells with chemical labeling.

  Recordings of the physiological history of cells provide insights into biological processes, yet obtaining such recordings is a challenge. To address this, we introduce a method to record transient cellular events for later analysis. We designed proteins that become labeled in the presence of both a specific cellular activity and a fluorescent substrate. The recording period is set by the presence of the substrate, whereas the cellular activity controls the degree of the labeling. The use of distinguishable substrates enabled the recording of successive periods of activity. We recorded protein-protein interactions, G-protein-coupled receptor activation and elevations in intracellular calcium. Recordings of elevated calcium levels allowed selections of cells from heterogenous populations for transcriptomic analysis and tracking of neuronal activities in flies and zebrafish.

  Study EGAS50000000056

• Accelerating Medicines Partnership-Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (AMP-RA/SLE)

  This project is analyzing tissue and blood samples from people with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and lupus to pinpoint genes, proteins, chemical pathways, and networks involved at a single cell level. This type of modular, molecular analysis will allow comparisons across the diseases and will provide insights into key aspects of the disease process. The project will identify differences between those RA patients who respond to therapies and those who do not, as well as provide a better systems level understanding of disease mechanisms in both RA and lupus. This knowledge is essential for the development of targeted therapies and for the application of existing and future therapies to appropriate patient populations. Additional datasets can be accessed through ImmPort (http://www.immport.org/immport-open/public/home/studySearch), accession: SDY997

  Study phs001459

• Genome wide association study for early onset coronary disease and related phenotypes (ADVANCE)

  ADVANCE (Atherosclerotic Disease, VAscular functioN, and genetiC Epidemiology) is a large epidemiological study of genetic and non-genetic determinants of coronary artery disease (CAD) that started in 2000 as a collaborative effort between researchers at Stanford University and Kaiser Permanente of Northern California. The overarching goal of the study is to improve our ability to prevent, diagnose and treat CAD. The initial study included recruitment of over 3600 subjects (including 1873 subjects with incident clinically significant coronary disease and 1745 control subjects) from multiple race/ethnic backgrounds. A subset of ~ 500 subjects with very early onset coronary disease (men < 45 and women < 55) and ~ 500 similar aged controls were genotyped using the Illumina 550K platform as part of an NIH funded effort within the STAMPEED consortium.

  Study phs000423

• PD-1 Instructs a Tumor Suppressive Metabolic Program to Restrain AP-1 Activity in T Cell Lymphoma

  T cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (T-NHLs) represent a heterogeneous group of aggressive cancers of mature CD4+ T cells, for which therapeutic options are limited. Recent work uncovered that the PDCD1 encoded immune checkpoint receptor PD-1 is a key tumor suppressor in T cells. PD-1 is recurrently inactivated in T-NHL and the highest frequencies of PDCD1 deletions are detected in advanced disease, predicting worse prognosis. The tumor-suppressive mechanisms of PD-1 signaling remain unknown. In the present study, we identify transcriptional and epigenetic mechanisms underlying PD-1 tumor suppression in T-NHL.Some subjects included in this study overlap with the subjects from phs002456. To establish the link between the overlapping subjects, the Subject Consent datasets will be utilized.

  Study phs003312

• Human Lung Tissue eQTL Study

  Genetic risks underlying respiratory diseases (e.g. COPD and asthma) are carefully studied by large genome-wide association studies (GWAS), where many loci were identified. In the post-GWAS era, the main challenge is to find the causal genes and pathways in GWAS-nominated chromosomal regions and to characterize etiology mechanism. The Lung eQTL Consortium is an international effort to systematically capture the genetic architecture of gene expression regulation in human lung. By studying lung specimens from 1,103 individuals of mostly European ancestry, we report a large number of genetic variants affecting gene expression in the lung, or lung expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL). These lung eQTLs will serve as an important resource to aid in the understanding of the molecular underpinnings of lung biology and its disruption in disease.

  Study phs001745

• Genomic sequencing of Pediatric Rhabdomyosarcoma

  Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft tissue sarcoma of childhood accounting for approximately 350 newly diagnosed cases yearly in the United States. With the development of multimodal chemotherapy regimens, relapse-free survival rates have improved to 70-80% in patients with localized disease albeit with significant toxicity. Unfortunately, despite aggressive treatment, patients with metastatic or recurrent disease continue to suffer from high mortality. Further characterization of the genetic events underlying this tumor type is critical for the development of more effective diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic strategies. In a collaborative effort between the National Cancer Institute, the Children's Oncology Group, and the Broad Institute, we use a combination of whole-genome and whole-exome sequencing to characterize the landscape of somatic alterations in 147 tumor/normal pairs.

  Study phs000720

• Genome Sequencing of Hepatocellular Carcinoma at The Human Genome Sequencing Center of Baylor College of Medicine (HGSC-BCM)

  Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) accounts for 85-90% of primary liver cancers. We have focused on three major HCC etiologies:hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and nonviral causes. The onset and progression of cancer is driven by extensive rearrangement and mutation of the genome. We combined our capability to capture and enrich exome DNA with the next generation sequencing capacity to allow us to detect and characterize the somatic mutation profile of patients with HCC. Patient samples were collected by the Liver Center, Division of Abdominal Transplantation in the Baylor College of Medicine Department of Surgery. Sequencing of HCC is one of the NHGRI Center Initiated Projects in progress in the Human Genome Sequencing Center at Baylor College of Medicine.

  Study phs000509

• The Longevity Genes Project

  Aging is a complex, universal condition leading to the functional decline of all cells and organisms, and to major national and global public health problems. Although aging is the major risk factor for developing most adult-onset diseases, systematic investigations into the fundamental physiology, biology and genetics of aging are only just beginning. In the Longevity Genes Project at Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Dr. Nir Barzilai and his team conducted genetic research on more than 500 healthy elderly people between the ages of 95 and 112, and on their children. The identification of longevity genes by Einstein researchers could lead to new drug therapies that might help people live longer, healthier lives and avoid or significantly delay age-related diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

  Study phs000584

• Health Professionals Follow-Up Study

  Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS) is a prospective cohort study of men designed to evaluate hypotheses about men’s health related to diet and lifestyle to the incidence of serious illnesses, such as cancer, heart disease, and other vascular diseases. It consisted of 51,529 U.S. male health professionals who were 40-75 years old at baseline in 1986 and completed a mailed six-page baseline questionnaire. Information on age, height and weight, ancestry, medications, disease history, physical activity, lifestyle factors, and diet were gathered, with follow-up questionnaires sent biennially to update information and record health outcomes with every four years to update their diet. This datafile includes responses to the 2016 questionnaire, which is available at: https://cdn1.sph.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/sites/2471/2017/09/16L.pdf

  Study phs002460

• Multimodal Mapping of the Immune Landscape in Human Pancreatic Cancer

  Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is characterized by an immune-suppressive tumor microenvironment that has rendered it largely refractory to immunotherapy. We used single-cell RNA sequencing on patient tumors and matched blood, and we uncovered a previously unappreciated, complex environment of immune-suppressive cellular interactions. These experiments reveal immune checkpoint expression heterogeneity on individual patient T cells, with corresponding ligands on neoplastic and myeloid cells. TIGIT was upregulated on tumor infiltrating CD8+ T cells and was the only checkpoint receptor consistently expressed by exhausted CD8+ T cells. Clinical annotation of the samples revealed that the exhausted signature is most prominent in patients with advanced stages of disease. Our findings suggest individualized combination therapy, involving anti-TIGIT therapies, may be necessary to extend the benefits of immunotherapy to pancreatic cancer patients.

  Study phs002071

• Accelerating Medicines Partnership-Rheumatoid Arthritis (AMP-RA/SLE)

  This project is analyzing tissue and blood samples from people with RA and lupus to pinpoint genes, proteins, chemical pathways, and networks involved at a single cell level. This type of modular, molecular analysis will allow comparisons across the diseases and will provide insights into key aspects of the disease process. The project will identify differences between those RA patients who respond to therapies and those who do not, as well as provide a better systems level understanding of disease mechanisms in both RA and lupus. This knowledge is essential for the development of targeted therapies and for the application of existing and future therapies to appropriate patient populations. Additional datasets can be accessed through ImmPort (http://www.immport.org/immport-open/public/home/studySearch), accession: SDY998, SDY999.

  Study phs001457

• The Finland-United States Investigation of NIDDM Genetics (FUSION) Study

  The Finland-United States Investigation of NIDDM Genetics (FUSION) study is a long-term effort to identify genetic variants that predispose to type 2 diabetes (T2D) or that impact the variability of T2D-related quantitative traits. The initial effort involved linkage analysis of affected-sibling-pair (ASP) families based on over 5,000 individuals living in Finland, and association fine mapping based on these family members and additional T2D cases and controls. Recently we completed a genome-wide association scan on 1161 T2D cases and 1174 normal glucose tolerant (NGT) controls. Individual-level data is available here for the 919 T2D cases and 787 NGT controls who reconsented to the use of their data or are deceased. Version 3 adds individual-level data for additional phenotypic variables.

  Study phs000100

• AACR Project Genomics, Evidence, Neoplasia, Information, Exchange (GENIE)

  AACR Project Genomics Evidence Neoplasia Information Exchange (GENIE) is an international pancancer registry of real-world data assembled through data sharing between 19 leading international cancer centers with the goal of improving clinical decision-making. The registry leverages ongoing clinical sequencing efforts (CLIA/ISO-certified) at participating cancer centers by pooling their data to create a novel, open-access registry to serve as an evidence base for the entire cancer community. Genomic and baseline clinical data from more than 70,000 tumors is accessible through the efforts of our strategic and technical partners, Sage Bionetworks and cBioPortal. The consortium and its activities are driven by openness, transparency, and inclusion to ensure that the project output remains accessible to the global cancer research community and ultimately benefits patients.

  Study phs001337

• GWAS for IgA Nephropathy

  IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is a common form of immune-mediated glomerulonephritis characterized by glomerular deposition of IgA-containing immune complexes and manifesting with hematuria, proteinuria, and often kidney failure. This dataset is from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) designed to identify novel genetic risk loci for IgAN. In this dataset, seven cohorts were genotyped by Illumina Multi-Ethnic Global Array, consisting of 3,337 IgAN cases and 2,177 healthy controls of European and East Asian ancestries. Three of the provided cohorts were genotyped by Illumina HumanImmuno Chip, which are composed of 2007 cases of IgAN of European ancestry. These cohorts were used in the GWAS meta-analysis, as described in the manuscript entitled "GWAS defines pathogenic signaling pathways and prioritizes drug targets for IgA nephropathy" (Nature Genetics 2022, in press).

  Study phs000431

• Prevention of Viral Hepatitis and HIV in Drug Users - A Hepatitis B Model for HIV and an HB Vaccine Model for HIV Vaccine Trials in Drug Users (DASH)

  The goal of the proposed study is to use the Hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine as a model for a future Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) vaccine trial, examining the efficacy of community-based outreach intervention as well as an accelerated vaccine schedule as a method for increasing acceptance/adherence with HBV vaccination protocols among not-in-treatment drug users. This study also examined the effect of HBV vaccination coupled with community-based outreach intervention on reducing the incidence of HIV, HBV and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infections and the frequency of needle use and sexual risk behaviors related to these viral transmissions. A secondary purpose is to assess the antibody response after HBV vaccination as a measurement of immunological response in drug users.

  Study phs002331

• IGNITE: Implementing GeNomics In practice: Genomic Medicine Implementation - The Personalized Medicine Program

  IGNITE is an NIH-funded network dedicated to supporting the implementation of genomics in healthcare. IGNITE was created to enhance the use of genomic medicine by supporting the development of methods for incorporating genomic information into clinical care and exploration of the methods for effective implementation, diffusion and sustainability in diverse clinical settings. As part of the IGNITE network, the University of Florida Health Personalized Medicine Program partners with health professionals and patients at UF Health and across the state to develop, implement, study and refine methods that allow genetic information to be used as a routine part of patient care. The program's initial focus is on pharmacogenetics. We also aimed to develop and implement innovative genomic medicine educational programs for health-care providers, health professions students, patients.

  Study phs001978

• TCGA WGS Variants Across 18 Cancer Types

  Even though whole genome sequence (WGS) data has been generated and published in many studies, much of this information is not yet processed for use in down-stream analysis. This study's aim is to provide 1342 WGS normal-tumor paired single nucleotide variations (SNP) over 18 different cancer types provided by The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project. Individual level data for TCGA can be accessed by requesting access for phs000178. This data includes variations within self-reported white and African-American populations. Variations that exist within the tumor tissue but are absent in associated normal organ tissue (as compared to the human reference genome) are reported. Data published includes SNP and small insertions and deletions, which were generated through a pipeline including the VarScan2 variant calling software.

  Study phs003155

• International Genetics of Parkinson Disease Progression (IGPP) Consortium: EPIPARK and HBS2 Cohorts

  EPIPARK and HBS2 cohorts were analyzed as part of the International Genetics of Parkinson Disease Progression (IGPP) Consortium. EPIPARK is a population-based cohort to study non-motor symptoms in parkinsonism in the city of Lübeck, Germany led by Drs. Meike Kasten and Christine Klein. HBS2 is a recently enrolled subset of participants in the Harvard Biomarkers Study led by Dr. Clemens Scherzer (www.bwhparkinsoncenter.org/biobank) of 89 participants with a diagnosis of Parkinson Disease (PD). Genotyping with Illumina Infinium Multi-Ethnic Genotyping Arrays (MEGA chip) was performed by Dr. Scherzer, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women’s Hospital. 179 participants with a diagnosis of PD from EPIPARK and 89 participants with a diagnosis of PD from HBS2 met Q/C criteria were analyzed.

  Study phs002328

• National Sleep Research Resource (NSRR): Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos

  The Hispanic Community Health Study / Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL) is a multi-center epidemiologic study in Hispanic/Latino populations to determine the role of acculturation in the prevalence and development of disease, and to identify risk factors playing a protective or harmful role in Hispanics/Latinos. The study is sponsored by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) and six other institutes, centers, and offices of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) contributed to the first phase of the project. Raw polysomnography data are available from the HCHS/SOL Baseline visit and raw actigraphy data are available from the Sueño Ancillary visit. Primary HCHS/SOL data can be requested through dbGaP phs000810 Hispanic Community Health Study /Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL).

  Study phs003543

• Clinical Outcomes and ctDNA Correlates for CAPOX BETR: A phase II trial of Capecitabine, Oxaliplatin, Bevacizumab, Trastuzumab in Previously Untreated Advanced HER2+ Gastroesophageal Adenocarcinoma

  We performed circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) analysis on plasma of patients with advanced HER2 positive gastroesophageal adenocarcinomas who were treated on a phase 2 clinical trial testing the addition of bevacizumab to capecitabine, oxaliplatin, and trastuzumab. ctDNA was analyzed using panel based next generation sequencing assay (Predicine CARE), low-pass whole genome sequencing (LP-WGS), and methylation based panel assay (Predicine ALERT). This allowed us to derive tumor mutational profiles, circulating tumor fractions in plasma, and changes in both over time. We show that tumor fraction and the presence of mutations in the MAPK pathway are prognostic in our patient cohort. LP-WGS data from baseline and cycle 2 of treatment is available through dbGaP. Additional data is submitted alongside the manuscript.

  Study phs003706

• Clonal heterogeneity leads to secondary resistance in a melanoma patient after adoptive cell therapy with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes

  Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) is effective in melanoma patients, although long-term responses seem restricted to patients with complete remissions. Many patients develop secondary resistance to TIL-ACT but involved mechanisms are unclear. Here, we describe a case of secondary resistance to TIL-ACT likely due to intratumoral heterogeneity and selection of a resistant tumor cell clone via transferred T cells. This is the first case of clonal selection of a pre-existing non-dominant tumor cell clone and demonstrates a new mechanism involved in secondary resistance to TIL-ACT and could potentially change current clinical practice, because it advocates for T cell collection from different tumor sites and analysis of tumor heterogeneity before the treatment with TIL-ACT.

  Study EGAS50000000279

• Identification of germline variants in Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) by whole- exome sequencing

  Medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) is a rare malignant tumor that arises from parafollicular cells. Approximately 8% of thyroid cancer cases are MTC, and about 25% of these have a hereditary component. Incorporating molecular parameters into tumor classification is important. Besides, the presence of pathogenic germline variants can impact directly on cancer prevention. Thus, the aim of this study was to perform whole exome sequencing (WES) on a consecutive series of hereditary RET wild-type MTC patients to identify genetic variants that may be involved in the carcinogenesis of this tumor. WES was performed on 28 patients negative for germline RET pathogenic variants using the NovaSeq 6000 platform. Variant classification followed American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics guidelines.Our study represents a significant advancement in gene discovery for MTC genetics.

  Study EGAS50000000061