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• Biomarkers in Transplant Recipients

  Biliary atresia causes jaundice and liver failure in newborn children. In this study, single nucleotide polymorphisms were characterized in children with biliary atresia and identified ARF6 as a susceptibility gene for this disease. Knockdown of this gene in zebrafish embryos impaired formation of bile ducts and excretion of bile from the zebrafish liver. Subject enrollment: Children with biliary atresia were enrolled at Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh (CHP) after obtaining written consent from parents for the University of Pittsburgh IRB approved protocol number 0405628. At the Center for Applied Genomics (CAG), all subjects were enrolled after obtaining written consent from parents per Children's Hospital of Philadelphia IRB approval number 06-004886 Genotyping array: Genotyping of DNA obtained from blood was performed with the Infinium HumanHap550K BeadChip (Illumina, San Diego, CA). Statistical methods and software: SNP genotype frequencies were compared between cases and controls with a chi-square test statistic applied in Plink [Purcell et al, 2007] for SNPs with at least 90% call rate and 1% minor allele frequency (MAF). Cases and controls: All DNA samples had excellent data quality with call rates > 98%. A total of 63 Caucasian BA cases and 1907 controls were compared at > 550000 SNPs, and demonstrated a very low genomic inflation factor of 1.00627. Description of Cases: Biliary atresia patients had received a Kasai procedure and demonstrated histopathological features of biliary obstruction, and were recruited at evaluation for transplantation or after liver transplantation.

  Study phs000960

• KiCS WGS data for academic use only

  Data from samples that are marked for academic use only

  Dataset EGAD00001009698

• SMPaeds PanelSeq of tumour tissue

  Deep sequencing of a targeted panel of 92 paediatric cancer related genes or 233 pan-cancer related genes for both relapse/archival disgnostic tumour tissue and germline DNA from whole blood cell pellet. Tumour tissue was sequenced to approximately 400X coverage and germline DNA was sequences to aproximately 100X coverage.

  Dataset EGAD50000000783

• Autozygosity pilot - British-Pakistani from Birmingham

  The offspring of first cousin marriages have ~6% of their genome autozygous, i.e. homozygous identical by descent, or even more if there was further consanguinity in their ancestry. In the UK there are large populations with very high first cousin marriage rates of 50-80%. Sequencing the exomes of a sample of these individuals has the potential both to support genetic health programmes in these populations, and to provide genetic research information about rare loss of function mutations. This pilot study based on existing British-Pakistani cohort samples from Birmingham will identify homozygous individuals for almost all variants down to an allele frequency around 1%, plus individuals carrying hundreds of new homozygous rare loss-of-function variants, and will support development of community relations and ethics for a wider study currently being designed. The data deposited in the EGA consist of low coverage whole exome sequencing on these samples.

  Dataset EGAD00001001025

• Autozygosity pilot - British-Pakistani from Birmingham 2

  The offspring of first cousin marriages have ~6% of their genome autozygous, i.e. homozygous identical by descent, or even more if there was further consanguinity in their ancestry. In the UK there are large populations with very high first cousin marriage rates of 20-50%. Sequencing the exomes of a sample of these individuals has the potential both to support genetic health programmes in these populations, and to provide genetic research information about rare loss of function mutations. This pilot study based on existing British-Pakistani cohort samples from Birmingham will identify homozygous individuals for almost all variants down to an allele frequency around 1%, plus individuals carrying hundreds of new homozygous rare loss-of-function variants, and will support development of community relations and ethics for a wider study currently being designed. The data deposited in the EGA consists of low coverage whole exome sequencing on these samples.

  Dataset EGAD00001001026

• GWA Study of Oral Cavity, Pharynx and Larynx Cancers in European, and North and South American Populations - CIDR

  There is striking geographical variation in head and neck cancer (HNC) incidence globally. Some of the highest incidence rates have been observed in Southern and Eastern Europe and South America. The goal of this project is to assess susceptibility loci across and within ancestral backgrounds, using the All of Us array. Ten studies have come together in this initiative.

  Study phs002503

• NIH RECOVER: A Multi-Site Observational Study of Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Adults

  The NIH Researching COVID to Enhance Recovery (RECOVER) initiative comprises a set of three combined retrospective and prospective, longitudinal, observational meta-cohort studies with nested case-control studies designed to define and characterize the epidemiology, natural history, clinical spectrum, and underlying mechanisms of post-acute effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC or Post-COVID syndrome) in a diverse study population representative of the general COVID-19 population in the US. Enrolled patients with and without known SARS-CoV-2 infection will be observed for clinical signs and symptoms of PASC and will be assessed for risk and resiliency factors and potential mediating factors associated with the severity and progression of PASC. The objective of the RECOVER initiative is to enhance knowledge of recovery from SARS-CoV-2 infections in order to support development of novel diagnostic and therapeutic interventions. Overarching scientific objectives are as follows: Characterize the incidence and prevalence of sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Characterize the spectrum of clinical symptoms, subclinical organ dysfunction, natural history, and distinct phenotypes identified as sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection.Define the biological mechanisms underlying pathogenesis of the sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The RECOVER observational studies comprise three cohorts across the lifespan (adult, pediatric, and tissue pathology (autopsy)). The data collection and data analysis plans for each cohort have been harmonized to use common data elements where feasible. Brief descriptions of each cohort are provided in the following paragraphs:1) NIH RECOVER: A Multi-site Observational Study of Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Adults (this study)The RECOVER adult cohort study is a combined retrospective and prospective, longitudinal, observational meta-cohort of individuals who will enter the cohort with and without SARS-CoV-2 infection and at varying stages before and after infection. Individuals with and without SARS-CoV-2 infection and with or without PASC symptoms will be followed to identify risk factors and occurrence of PASC. This study will be conducted in the United States and subjects will be recruited through inpatient, outpatient, and community-based settings. Study data including age, demographics, social determinants of health, medical history, vaccination history, details of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, overall health and physical function, and PASC symptom screen will be reported by subjects or collected from the electronic health record using a case report form at specified intervals. Biologic specimens will be collected at specified intervals, with some tests performed in local clinical laboratories and others performed by centralized research centers or banked in the Biospecimen Repository. Advanced clinical examinations and radiologic examinations will be performed at local study sites with cross-site standardization. A summary of information available by request in the RECOVER Adult Cohort (this study) can be reviewed via the "Adult Cohort Dataset Release Notes" and the "REDCap Codebook for the Adult Cohort" documents.2) The RECOVER Post Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC) Pediatric Cohort Study: A Multi-Center Observational Study (data not yet released)The RECOVER pediatric study is a combined retrospective and prospective, longitudinal, observational meta-cohort of individuals ages newborn-25 years who will enter the cohort with and without SARS-CoV-2 infection at varying stages before and after infection. Individuals with and without SARS-CoV-2 infection and with or without PASC symptoms will be followed to identify risk factors and occurrence of PASC. This study recruit participants inpatient, outpatient, and community-based settings in the United States. Study data including age, demographics, social determinants of health, medical history, vaccination history, details of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection, overall health and physical function, and PASC symptoms will be reported by participants or collected from the electronic health record using a case report form at specified intervals. Biologic specimens will be collected at specified intervals, with some tests performed in local clinical laboratories and others performed by centralized research centers or banked in the Biospecimen Repository. Advanced clinical and radiologic examinations will be performed at local study sites with cross-site standardization.3) NIH RECOVER: A Multi-site Pathology Study of Post-Acute Sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 Infection (data not yet released)The RECOVER tissue pathology study is a cross-sectional study designed to define and characterize the epidemiology, natural history, clinical spectrum, and underlying mechanisms of post-acute effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection in a diverse population representative of the general COVID-19 population in the US. The autopsy study will characterize the pathology of PASC in (i) non-hospitalized patients who die 30 days or later from symptom onset of COVID-19, and (ii) hospitalized patients who die 30 days or later after discharge from a hospitalization for COVID-19. The study will include decedents who had previously fully recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection (i.e., >30 days from onset in non-hospitalized, or >30 days from discharge in hospitalized patients), and decedents who meet clinical criteria of PASC as defined by the recent World Health Organization publication (see Section 5.4 below). The autopsy study will also explore the pathology of acute SARS-CoV-2 infection in a smaller subset of patients who died 15-30 days from symptom onset. This protocol defines the common set of clinical data elements, autopsy procedures for tissue collection, core measures, pathology protocols, shared pathology tissues, data elements, and methodology. Each investigator site is expected to perform autopsies on the decedents to address the pathophysiology of the potential long-term effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection on human health. The Consortium analysis plan aims to address research questions by incorporating: 1) tissue obtained from autopsies performed at each Phase II participant's site; and 2) tissue available from other pathology investigators/autopsy sites within the Consortium.

  Study phs003463

• RNA-sequencing of ex vivo exhausted human antigen-specific T cells

  Tumor-specific T cells are frequently exhausted by chronic antigenic stimulation. To explore new pathways for reinvigoration of anti-tumor immune functions, we developed a human ex vivo exhaustion model by repetitive antigenic stimulation of primary CD8 T cells. This results in T cells that resemble patient-derived T cells in tumors on a phenotypic and transcriptional level.

  Study EGAS00001006794

• APOBEC3 mutagenesis drives therapy resistance in breast cancer

  Acquired genetic alterations commonly drive resistance to endocrine and targeted therapies in metastatic breast cancer, however the underlying processes engendering these diverse alterations are largely uncharacterized. To identify the mutational processes operant in breast cancer and their impact on clinical outcomes, we utilized a well-annotated cohort of 3,880 patient samples with paired tumor-normal sequencing data. The mutational signatures associated with apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme catalytic polypeptide-like 3 (APOBEC3) enzymes were highly prevalent and enriched in post-treatment compared to treatment-naïve hormone receptor-positive (HR+) cancers. APOBEC3 mutational signatures were independently associated with shorter progression-free survival on antiestrogen plus CDK4/6 inhibitor combination therapy in patients with HR+ metastatic breast cancer. Whole genome sequencing (WGS) of breast cancer models and selected paired primary-metastatic samples demonstrated that active APOBEC3 mutagenesis promoted resistance to both endocrine and targeted therapies through characteristic alterations such as RB1 loss-of-function mutations. Evidence of APOBEC3 activity in pre-treatment samples illustrated a pervasive role for this mutational process in breast cancer evolution. The study reveals APOBEC3 mutagenesis to be a frequent mediator of therapy resistance in breast cancer and highlights its potential as a biomarker and target for overcoming resistance.

  Study EGAS50000000875

• Full characterization of structural variation

  Structural variants (SVs) are important contributors to human disease. Their characterization remains however difficult due to their size and association with repetitive regions. Long-read sequencing (LRS) and optical genome mapping (OGM) can aid as their molecules span multiple kilobases and capture SVs in full. In this study, we selected six individuals who presented with unresolved SVs. We applied LRS onto all individuals and OGM to a subset of three complex cases. LRS detected and fully resolved the interrogated SV in all samples. This enabled a precise molecular diagnosis in two individuals. Overall, LRS identified 100% of the junctions at single-basepair level, providing valuable insights into their formation mechanisms without need for additional data sources. Application of OGM added straightforward variant phasing, aiding in the unravelment of complex rearrangements. These results highlight the potential of LRS and OGM as follow-up molecular tests for complete SV characterization. We show that they can assess clinically relevant structural variation at unprecedented resolution. Additionally, they detect (complex) cryptic rearrangements missed by conventional methods. This ultimately leads to an increased diagnostic yield, emphasizing their added benefit in a diagnostic setting. To aid their rapid adoption, we provide detailed laboratory and bioinformatics workflows in this manuscript.

  Study EGAS50000000520

• Puerto Rico Heart Health Program (PRHHP-BioLINCC)

  Data Access NOTE: Please refer to the “Authorized Access” section below for information about how access to the data from this accession differs from many other dbGaP accessions. Objectives: To investigate morbidity and mortality from Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) in Puerto Rican rural and urban men. The objectives of the study were: (1) to identify factors related to the development of CHD, (2) compare the etiology of disease in rural versus urban men, and (3) determine the prevalence and incidence of CHD and other cardiovascular diseases in Puerto Rican males.Background: As Puerto Rico became more industrialized in the 1940s and 1950s, mortality rates for CHD increased. Since many factors related to CHD can be relatively homogenous within a population, two contrasting subgroups were selected for study in Puerto Rico: a rural population of men from a mountainous community and an urban population selected from San Juan. The NHLBI initiated the Puerto Rico Heart Health Program in May, 1965 as a prospective study of lifestyle, environmental and biological factors in the progression of cardiovascular disease in Puerto Rican men.Participants: A total of 9,824 (2,976 rural, 6,848 urban) men, age 45 to 64 were examined at the baseline exam.Design: The examination consisted of standardized questionnaires to determine education, occupation, smoking habits, and physical activity. Trained interviewers conducted a nutritional survey through a 24 hour diet recall. Subjects were also examined to determine prevalent cardiovascular, cerebrovascular and peripheral vascular abnormalities. The examination included vital capacity, a 12-lead ECG, and laboratory tests for hematocrit, glucose, serum cholesterol, serum glycercides and lipoprotein electrophoresis. A medical history was also obtained. Three additional exams, approximately three years apart, were conducted and morbidity and mortality follow-up concluded in 1980.

  Study phs003930

• Platelet response in aspirin adherent pregnant women

  We conducted an unbiased genome-wide assessment of genomic factors that may influence response to low-dose aspirin in pregnant women at high risk of pre-eclampsia in two pregnancy cohorts: Liverpool (n=91) and Dublin (n=91). We applied UK Axiom microarray technology for GWAS investigations. We specified tight phenotyping with COX-selective urinary 11-dehydrothromboxane B2 (pg/mg creatinine) and accounted for adherence/platelet exposure to aspirin by detection of aspirin’s principal urinary metabolite, SUA, with nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR).

  Study EGAS00001005188

• Epigenomic analysis of human androgenetic trophoblast stem cells derived from complete hydatidiform mole

  A complete hydatidiform mole (CHM) is an abnormal pregnancy caused by genetic fertilization disorders. The aim of this study is to establish human trophoblast stem (TS) cell lines from CHMs and elucidate their pathogenesis.

  Study JGAS000207

• Genetic analysis of short stature using whole exome sequencing

  The aim of the study is to find the genetic aetiologies of short stature, using whole-exome sequencing technology.

  Study EGAS50000000578

• Long-read whole genome sequencing as a tool for variant detection in inherited retinal dystrophies

  Advances in whole-genome sequencing (WGS) have significantly enhanced our ability to detect genomic variants underlying inherited diseases. In this study, we performed long-read WGS on 24 patients with inherited retinal dystrophies (IRDs) to validate the utility of nanopore sequencing in detecting genomic variations. We confirmed the presence of all previously detected variants and demonstrated that this approach allows for precise refinement of structural variants (SVs). Furthermore, we could perform genotype phasing by sequencing only the probands, confirming variants were inherited in trans. Moreover, nanopore sequencing enabled the detection of complex variants, such as transposon insertions and structural rearrangements. This comprehensive assessment illustrates the power of long-read sequencing in capturing diverse forms of genomic variation and in improving diagnostic accuracy in IRDs.

  Dataset EGAD50000001238

• Single Cell Analysis of Psoriasis Resolution following IL-23 Blockade

  Full-thickness skin biopsies were obtained from five individuals with severe psoriasis who were receiving risankizumab treatment. Skin biopsies were taken from lesional and non-lesional sites at baseline, and from lesional sites at day 3 and day 14 of therapy. All biopsies were taken from site-matched areas on the lower back/buttocks. Single-cell RNA sequencing was performed using a 10x Genomics platform. Myeloid and fibroblast populations showed the strongest change in gene expression after 3 days. An inflammatory, transient WNT5A+/IL24+ fibroblast state was identified, which was elevated in abundance in lesional skin versus non lesional skin, and decreased after 14 days of treatment. R1 and R2 FASTQs files are available.

  Study phs003351

• Single-cell RNA-Seq analysis of thymic ILC1 progenitors and NK cell differentiation This analysis involved a multiplexed sequencing run to study thymic innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) and NK progenitors. The generated data requires a demultiplexing file to separate and identify the individual sample tags for downstream analysis.

  This dataset contains multiplexed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data from human thymic tissue, focusing on ILC1 progenitors and NK cell differentiation. The data were generated using the BD Rhapsody system and sequenced on the Illumina NovaSeq S4 platform. A demultiplexing file is required to assign sample identities.

  Dataset EGAD50000001157

• Bulk RNASeq of DLL1 positive or negative cells in two different metastatic colorectal cancer organoids under cetuximab treatment

  Standard Poly-A enriched stranded RNASeq libraries were obtained from DLL1 positive and negative subpopulations on two different mestastatic colorectal cancer organoids under cetuximab treatment. Paired sequencing was performed on a NovaSeq 6000 with 100bp reads aiming at 70M clusters. 8 fastq files have been deposited for the 4 samples.

  Dataset EGAD50000002555

• NSCLC ctDNA multigenic panel

  We analyzed cfDNA plasma samples of subjects with non-small cell lung cancer: treatment naïve (n=24) and prior-treated (n=8). Driver variants for 11 genes was available with Oncomine Lung cfDNA Assay, were assessed by Next-Generation Sequecing. Sequencing data were pre-processed in Ion S5 Torrent Server and aligned to the hg19 human reference genome. Variant calls were performed by IonReporter 5.10 software.

  Dataset EGAD50000000908

• WGS

  Whole Genome sequencing. 1 ug of genomic DNA from each lymph node sample was used for the construction of a TruSeq DNA PCR Free (350) library before sequencing in a Illumina HiSeq X Ten (2 × 151 bp). Mean coverage 30x.

  Dataset EGAD00001005423

• Salivary Gland Cancer TSO500 dataset

  DNA was extracted from archival tissue of 119 patients with various SGC subtypes and sequenced using a targeted NGS panel encompassing 523 cancer related genes (TruSight Oncology 500, TSO500). This dataset belongs to the publication entitled: 'Identification of fusion genes and targets for genetically matched therapies in a large cohort of salivary gland cancer patients'.

  Dataset EGAD00001008759

• Dataset for upper_gastrointestinal_tumor-WHOLE_GENOME

  Rare cancer sequencing data of 28 runs in tumor/control pairs, which were uploaded to umbrella studies. The sequencing was always paired

  Dataset EGAD00001008901

• Single Cell, Whole Genome Analysis of the Aging Human Cardiomyocytes

  In this study we have sequenced single cardiomyocytes from 12 individuals (ages from 0.4 to 82 yrs.). We have identified and characterized the somatic single-nucleotide variants (sSNVs). Our study indicates that cardiomyocyte sSNVs increased with age with distinctive mutational signatures.

  Study phs002284

• Somatic mutations reveal embryonic genetic bottlenecks generating placental mosaicism

  The human placenta harbours chromosomal aberrations that are absent from the fetus in one to two percent of pregnancies. This confined mosaicism suggests that embryonic genetic bottlenecks exist, which phylogenetically segregate placental tissue. Here, we studied the somatic genetic landscape of human placentas by whole genome sequencing of 86 placental biopsies and of 106 microdissections.

  Dataset EGAD00001006337

• Bulk RNA and ATACseq of 2 XLP patients and 5-6 HD

  The dataset contains five samples from P1, one pre-HSCT and four post-HSCT, one sample from P2 and 5-6 HD. RNAseq reads were processed using the LUMC BIOWDL RNAseq pipeline v5.0.0 (https://github.com/biowdl/RNA-seq). Genes with log2CPM≥1 in at least 10% of all samples were retained for downstream analysis. Differential gene expression analysis was performed using the dgeAnalysis R-Shiny application (https://github.com/LUMC/dgeAnalysis/tree/v1.4.4). ATACseq reads were processed using the LUMC BIOWDL Chipseq pipeline 1.0.0-dev (https://github.com/biowdl/ChIP-seq).

  Dataset EGAD50000002072

• Amplicon based re-sequencing of multi-region PDAC samples

  Multi-region tumor samples were cut from frozen sections or FFPEs and reviewed from microdissection and H&E staining in order to select ones with high cellularity. DNA extraction was done using DNeasy Blood & Tissue Kits for frozen samples following the manufacturer’s guideline. Extracted DNAs were processed on an Illumina HiSeq 2500 in a paired end mode (100x100) using a custom targeted panel based on the list of all unique somatic mutations from the original WES data by the Integrated Genomics Operation (IGO) at Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (New York, NY).

  Dataset EGAD50000000354

• WGS of tissues from members of family with germline POLD1 L474P variant

  The study includes WGS data for DNA extracted from blood, fibroblasts or buccal swabs from sixteen family members, who represent four sub-families, each including two parents and one to three children, comprising a total of eight offspring. In two sub-families POLD1 L474P was carried by the father; in one sub-family, by the mother; and in the other sub-family, both parents had wild-type POLD1.

  Dataset EGAD00001009282

• WGS data from NEN patient derived tumor organoids (PDTOs) and matched parental tumors - UMCU/NKI

  The dataset includes cram files from WGS of 6 NEN tumors or metastases and matched PDTOs. For all tumors, cram files from WGS of either matched normal tissue or matched blood from the corresponding patients are included. Analysis VCF files are also included in the dataset. The sequencing was done with a NovaSeq 6000 instrument.

  Dataset EGAD00001009989

• Osteosarcoma_X10

  This is a continuation of the osteosarcoma work we have undertaken.

  Study EGAS00001002167

• CALGB 80303:Genome-Wide Association Study of Advanced Pancreatic Cancer Patients - A Randomized Phase III trial of Gemcitabine Plus Bevacizumab versus Gemcitabine Plus Placebo in Patients with Advanced Pancreatic Cancer

  CALGB 80303 was a randomized, phase III study in advanced pancreatic cancer patients treated with Gemcitabine plus either Bevacizumab or placebo. No difference in overall survival (OS) was observed between the two arms. We prospectively collected germline DNA and conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS).

  Study phs000250

• Genomic characterization of a patient with AGS and CdLS transcriptomic comparison of his monocytes against healthy and disease control samples

  In this study, we describe an extreme genetic phenotype of two simultaneous genetic lesions, leading to broad alterations in immunophenotype and transcriptome. Whole Exome Sequencing and RNA-Sequencing of CD14+ monocytes was performed on the case patient, and RNA-sequencing was also performed on disease (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus) and healthy controls.

  Study EGAS00001007829

• Molecular analysis of giant cell lesions

  Giant cell lesions of the jaws are aggressive proliferative conditions that affect young and adult patients. The genetic profile of the tumour has not been established yet. In this project we performed whole exome sequencing of 18 samples and RNAseq (n=6) of giant cell lesions of the jaws. All the tumours are sporadic and only non-syndromic patients were included.

  Study EGAS00001002910

• WES Analysis of precancerous lesions in Lynch Syndrome

  The project focuses on identifying the genetic alterations involved in the early stages of tumor development in individuals with Lynch Syndrome. Using Whole Exome Sequencing (WES), the study aims to characterize somatic mutations and molecular pathways that drive the transformation from normal tissue to precancerous lesions. This research contributes to a better understanding of tumorigenesis in hereditary colorectal cancer syndromes.

  Study EGAS50000001546

• NIDDK International IBD Genetics Consortium Repository Global Screening Array

  The purpose of this GWAS meta-analysis is to assess IBD risk alleles using data collected by members of the International IBD Genetics Consortium and their collaborators around the world. Data from over 30 cohorts have been identified and are being combined for analysis. Genotyping has been conducted using a variety of chips with most samples genotyped using GSAMD-24v1-0 or GSA-CHO-Custom. Individual level genotype data will be made available whenever possible (some groups are only able to provide summary statistics due to institutional and/or governmental restrictions on data sharing), together with information on sex, self-reported ancestry, IBD affection status and diagnosis. This first batch includes data from North American sites who are members of the NIDDK-funded IBD Genetics Consortium. Additional data will be provided in an update as soon as they have gone through the QC process.

  Study phs002336

• Uncovering tumor intrinsic and extrinsic factors that regulate hepatocellular carcinoma growth using patient derived xenograft assays

  Exome Sequencing and RNA Sequencing Data for PDX Samples

  Dataset EGAD00001005734

• RNA-seq of cultured human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells from umblical cord blood in cytokine-rich ex vivo culture conditions following sphingolipid modulation

  To elucidate the biological pathways altered by sphingolipid modulation with N-(4-hydroxyphenyl) retinamide (4HPR) treatment in human HSPC that may contribute to the restraint in proliferation while promoting persistence of HSC self-renewal as well as determine the mechanism of synergy in enhancement of HSC self-renewal with CB CD34+ agonists UM171 and StemRegenin 1 (SR1), we performed RNA-sequencing (RNA-Seq) of 3 pools of lin-CB cells following 2 or 4 days with DMSO, 4HPR, UM171+SR1 or 3-Factor (4HPR+UM171+SR1). We identified modulation of sphingolipid metabolism regulates self-renewal through activating coordinated stress pathways that coalesce on endoplasmic reticulum stress and autophagy programs.

  Study EGAS00001003756

• Single cell transcriptomic profiles of advanced melanoma patients treated with checkpoint inhibitor immunotherapy

  Little is known about the resistant clones within the tumour ecosystem treated with immunotherapy. This work provides a comprehensive and integrative analysis of each individual non-responding melanoma patients, including clinical features integrated with single cell analysis, which is critical to understand features of resistance in order to improve cancer patients’ outcomes.

  Study EGAS50000000339

• Exome sequencing analysis of BCP-LBL patients samples

  In order to perform comprehensive SNV and CNA analyses of a cohort of BCP-LBL patients, we performed whole exome sequencing of 41 tissue samples from BCP-LBL patients. Because the material was available as FFPE, the target coverage of the samples was >200x.

  Dataset EGAD50000000418

• The polarity and specificity of antiviral T lymphocyte responses determine susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection in cancer patients and healthy individuals.

  The goal of this study was to identify immune correlates of clinical protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection.

  Study EGAS00001005985

• Whole genome sequencing of matched esophageal tumor-normal samples

  The dataset includes whole genome sequencing (WGS) data on ten matched esophageal tumor-normal pairs. WGS was performed by the cancer sequencing service of CG with an average read coverage of approximately 50-fold. Illumina HiSeq2000 instrument was used to perform the sequencing.

  Dataset EGAD00001004832

• DNA methylation array study for 7 pairs of primary NSCLCs and distant metastases

  This study is to compare DNA methylation profiles between primary NSCLCs and paired distant metastases.

  Study EGAS00001004079

• NHLBI TOPMed: Chicago Initiative to Raise Asthma Health Equity (CHIRAH)

  The CHIRAH project was a community-based study of the factors associated with asthma morbidity in the African American population. CHIRAH evaluated the role of various variables (biologic/environmental, psychologic/behavioral, and socioeconomic) on asthma morbidity and the function of changes in these variables on asthma morbidity in a longitudinal fashion. This involved collection of a cohort-based on school screening which was sampled to include similar numbers of underprivileged and non-underprivileged subjects which roughly equally represented self-reported African Americans and self-reported non-African Americans. Subjects were followed up every 3 months of this cohort over the course of 2 years.

  Study phs001605

• Gabriella Miller Kids First Pediatric Research Project in Cornelia de Lange Syndrome, Related Diagnosis and Structural Birth Defects

  This study involves a cohort of 400 individuals and family members with Cornelia de Lange Syndrome (CdLS) and CdLS-like phenotypes for which a molecular etiology has not yet been established. CdLS is a developmental disorder characterized by development delays, cognitive impairment, short stature, hearing loss, specific facial features, and structural birth defects such as differences of the limbs, heart, kidneys, and GI tract. Our approach to tease out genetic contributions to birth defects has been to identify the underlying causes of syndromic birth defects which are often Mendelian in nature and therefore lend themselves more readily to genetic causal identification. Once identified, these genetic causes of syndromic forms of birth defects can be leveraged to understand the genetic contributions to isolated birth defects seen in constellation in syndromes such as CdLS. This work will lead to the identification of genes critical in human embryonic development, provide novel insights into transcriptional regulation and help to identify genetic causes and candidate genes for isolated birth defects seen in constellation in similar diagnoses.

  Study phs002174

• TenK10K Phase 1:  Single Cell

  Understanding the genetic basis of gene expression can shed light on the regulatory mechanisms underlying complex traits and diseases. Single-cell resolved measures of RNA levels and single-cell expression quantitative trait loci (sc-eQTLs) have revealed genetic regulation that drives sub-tissue cell states and types across diverse human tissues. Here, we describe the first phase of TenK10K, the largest- to-date dataset of matched whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq). We leverage scRNA-seq data from over 5 million cells across 28 immune cell types and matched WGS from 1,925 individuals. This provides power to detect associations between rare and low-frequency genetic variants that have largely been uncharacterised in their impact on cell-specific gene expression. We map the effects of both common and rare variants in a cell type specific manner using SAIGE-QTL.

  Study EGAS50000001653

• Conserved interferon-gamma signaling and decreased immune exclusion programs in responses to immune checkpoint blockade therapy

  We analyzed baseline and on-therapy tumor biopsies from 101 patients with advanced melanoma treated with nivolumab (anti-PD-1) alone or combined with ipilimumab (anti-CTLA-4). Analysis of whole transcriptome data showed that T cell infiltration and interferon-gamma signaling signatures corresponded most highly with clinical response to therapy, with a reciprocal decrease in cell cycle and WNT signaling pathways in responding biopsies. Clinical outcome differences were likely not due to differential melanoma cell responses to interferon-gamma, as 57 human melanoma cell lines exposed in vitro to this cytokine showed a conserved interferon-gamma transcriptome response unless they had mutations that precluded signaling from the interferon-gamma receptor. Therefore, the magnitude of the antitumor T cell response and the corresponding downstream interferon-gamma signaling are the main drivers of clinical response or resistance to immune checkpoint blockade therapy.

  Study EGAS00001004545

• Disorders/Differences of Sex Development (DSD) Study Performed at UCLA in Collaboration with the DSD-Translational Research Network (DSD-TRN), with the Support of the Gabriella Miller Kids First Pediatric Research Program

  The Gabriella Miller Kids First Pediatric Research Program (Kids First) is a trans-NIH effort initiated in response to the 2014 Gabriella Miller Kids First Research Act and supported by the NIH Common Fund. This program focuses on gene discovery in pediatric cancers and structural birth defects and the development of the Gabriella Miller Kids First Pediatric Data Resource (Kids First Data Resource). Both childhood cancers and structural birth defects are critical and costly conditions associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Elucidating the underlying genetic etiology of these diseases has the potential to profoundly improve preventative measures, diagnostics, and therapeutic interventions. Whole Genome Sequence (WGS) and phenotypic data from this study are accessible through dbGaP and kidsfirstdrc.org, where other Kids First datasets can also be accessed. Disorders/Differences of Sex Development (DSD) are congenital conditions in which development of chromosomal, gonadal, or anatomic sex is atypical. DSD are chronic medical conditions collectively affecting ~1% of the population, frequently requiring life-long care by multiple specialists, and carrying a significant public health burden. Some are associated with life-threatening events, such as adrenal crises in Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia (CAH). DSD are also associated with increased infertility, cancer, gender dysphoria risks, psychosocial distress and pervasive challenges to health-related quality of life (HRQoL) for patients and families. DSD are broadly classified into three categories: sex chromosome DSD, 46,XY DSD and 46,XX DSD, and further classified according to the type of gonad found in the patient (ovary, testis, ovotestis). We were able to increase significantly the diagnostic success for DSD using Whole Exome Sequencing (WES), with the identification of disease-causing and likely pathogenic variants in a third of a cohort of 46,XY patients. We have therefore proposed a shift in the diagnostic approach to DSD to use next-gen sequencing as a first-line clinical test, which could lead to faster and more accurate diagnosis, and orient further clinical management, limiting unnecessary, costly, and often invasive endocrine testing and imaging. However many remain unexplained (over half of the XY cases, a significant minority of XX cases, including most ovotesticular DSD, and most syndromic cases). In addition, the very large phenotypic variability in cases with known variants in the same gene is unexplained. We here propose to use Whole-Genome Sequencing (WGS), which dramatically improves upon exome sequencing, covering both coding and non-coding parts of the genome more uniformly, as an approach to not only improve diagnostic yield, but also to identify novel genes and regulatory elements involved in DSD.

  Study phs001178

• Single MII oocyte mRNA expression from women

  This dataset contains 14 paired-end FASTQ sequences from mRNA-Seq on single human M-II stage oocytes that were collected from ovarian tissue from unstimulated patients undergoing fertility preservation treatments due to cancer diagnoses, which did not influence ovarian function. Cumulus-oocyte-complexes were matured in vitro according Gruhn et al (Science 365: 1466-1469) and short term flash frozen prior to lysis, RNA extraction, full length cDNA preparation and amplification using the Ultra-low-input SMART-Seq2 v4 kit from Takara Clonetech. Further, these cDNA were used to prepare libraries for sequencing according the Nextera XT DNA library preparation kit from Illumina

  Dataset EGAD00001005971

• Structural Expression of BMMF in tissues of colorectal, lung and pancreatic cancer patients

  Chronic inflammation, linked to the presence of bovine milk and meat factors (BMMF) and specific subsets of macrophages, results in oxygen radical synthesis and induction of mutations in DNA of actively replicating cells and replicating single stranded DNA (zur Hausen et al., 2017). Cancers arising from this process have been characterized as indirect carcinogenesis by infectious agents (without persistence of genes of the agent in premalignant or cancers cells). Here we investigate structural properties of pleomorphic vesicles, regularly identified by staining peritumour tissues of colorectal, lung and pancreatic cancer for expression of BMMF Rep. The latter represents a subgroup of BMMF1 proteins involved in replication of small single-stranded circular plasmids of BMMF, but most likely also contributing to pleomorphic vesicular structures found in the periphery of colorectal, lung and pancreatic cancers. Structurally dense regions are demonstrated in preselected areas of colorectal cancer, after staining with monoclonal antibodies against BMMF1 Rep. Similar structures were observed in human embryonic cells (HEK293TT) overexpressing Rep. These data suggest that Rep or Rep isoforms contribute to the structural formation of vesicles.

  Study EGAS00001006744

• Rare Diseases Clinical Research Network (RDCRN) Vasculitis Clinical Research Consortium (VCRC) Longitudinal Protocol for Takayasu's Arteritis

  The development and validation of accurate biological markers and predictors of disease activity and outcome for Takayasu's arteritis, a form of idiopathic vasculitis, would have a major positive impact on the clinical care of patients with this rare disease, be an important advance in the design of clinical trials and feasibility of new drug development, and provide important insight into the pathogenesis of this condition. Current measures of disease activity, including erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP), while helpful in selected settings, are mostly considered highly flawed and markers whose poor correlation with disease flares makes them inadequate to help guide therapy. Similarly, ESR and CRP are clearly unhelpful as diagnostic tests for vasculitis. The current state of clinical investigation for vasculitis relies heavily upon determination of disease status solely by clinical presentation and investigator opinion. Thus, discovery and validation of more precise markers that quantifiably measure activity, predict disease course, and correlate with an important biological process, would be of great importance. Knowledge to be gained from this study could potentially be highly important. Discovery of effective biomarkers of vasculitis and assessment of long term disease course and complications by the collection of clinical and diagnostic imaging studies proposed could lead to better care and less toxic treatment regimens. Furthermore, insight into the pathophysiology of vasculitis could be gained and this might lead to better treatments and improved outcomes in terms of reduction of vascular and treatment related complications. Ideally, excellent biomarkers reflect a sophisticated understanding of the pathophysiology of a disease.

  Study phs000589

• Gene_Discovery_in_Age_Related_Hearing_Loss

  The aim is to find new candidate genes associated with progressive hearing loss

  Study EGAS00001000295

• Placental_mosaicism

  The aim of this study is to survey somatic mutations in human placentas.

  Study EGAS00001003549

• Mutational Landscape of MCPyV-Positive and MCPyV-Negative Merkel Cell Carcinomas

  Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an aggressive neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin most commonly found on the sun-exposed skin of older Caucasian adults. Roughly one-third of patients with MCCs die of the disease; therefore, MCC is the most lethal skin cancer on a case-by-case basis. 49 cases were studied, and putative cancer driver gene mutations and tumor antigens in both MCPyV-negative and MCPyV-positive MCCs were identified.

  Study phs002515

• Whole genome sequencing of patients affected by acute intermittent porphyria

  Acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) is an hereditary rare metabolic disorder of incomplete penetrance, affecting the biosynthesis of heme. IAP is an autosomal dominant disorder, resulting in a substantial reduction of the activity of the hydroxymethylbilane synthase coding gene (HMBS). Most HMBS mutation carriers are asymptomatic and only between 10% and 20% of patients present acute attacks of the associated symptoms. Here, we sequenced whole genomes of 16 AIP patients.

  Study EGAS00001004999

• Powerful Identification of Cis-regulatory SNPs in Human Primary Monocytes Using Allele-Specific Gene Expression

  The aim of this study was to compare the power to detect associations between SNPs using cis-eQTL mapping and ASE analysis (allele specific expression).

  Study EGAS00000000119

• Etiology of congenital thyroid dysfunction in Down Syndrome: a multi-omics investigation

  The goal of this study was to investigate dfiferences in the thyroid DNA methylome and transcriptome between fetuses with Down syndrome and fetuses with no genetic/developmental abnormality.

  Study EGAS50000000264

• BipEx-Landen: Bipolar Exome Sequencing

  This research project was a collaboration between the Karolinska Institute and the Stanley Center at the Broad Institute. In this project we sequenced and analyzed the whole exomes of 5,876 Bipolar case/control samples from collaborators in Sweden. Genomic DNA from each samples was sequenced to a mean depth of 20x.

  Dataset EGAD50000000307

• Human T-bet governs innate and innate-like adaptive IFN-g immunity against mycobacteria.

  We report a patient with mycobacterial disease due to inherited deficiency of the transcription factor T-bet. PBMCs from the patient was analyzed with scRNA-seq.

  Study EGAS00001004504

• GWAS genotype data of Japanese

  GWAS genotype data of the Japanese population (N=2,380) were collected at Osaka University and the affiliated medical institutes. GWAS genotyping was performed using Infinium Asian Screening Array (Illumina, USA).

  Study EGAS00001006423

• TB-DAR Genotyping Study

  Active TB patients (sputum smear-positive and GeneXpert-positive) recruited at the Temeke District Hospital in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, as part of a prospective study that ran between November 2013 and June 2022 (TB-DAR cohort).

  Study EGAS00001007216

• Functional and genomic heterogeneity of long-term self-renewing compartment as the origin of treatment resistance in pancreatic tumors

  Adaptive drug-resistance mechanisms allow human tumors to evade treatment through selection and expansion of treatment-resistant clones. Here, studying clonal evolution of tumor cells derived from human pancreatic tumors, we demonstrate that in vitro cultures and in vivo tumors are maintained by a common set of tumorigenic cells that can be used to establish clonal replica tumors (CRTs), large cohorts of animals bearing human tumors with identical clonal composition. Using CRTs to conduct quantitative assessments of adaptive responses to therapeutics, we uncovered a multitude of functionally heterogeneous subpopulations of cells with differential degrees of drug sensitivity. High-throughput isolation and deep characterization of unique clonal lineages showed genetic and transcriptomic diversity underlying functionally diverse subpopulations. Molecular annotation of gemcitabine-naïve clonal lineages with distinct responses to treatment in the context of CRTs generated signatures that can predict the response to chemotherapy, representing a potential biomarker to stratify patients with pancreatic cancer. RNA-Seq data on these clones are available on EBI ENA, under accession number: PRJEB27735.

  Study EGAS00001003442

• Deep WGS of matched tumor-normal pairs for HGSOC copy-number signatures study

  This dataset includes 111 bam files from WGS sequence data aligned to human genome assembly GRCh37 (hg19) from 56 tumour and matched normal samples. Libraries were constructed with ~350-bp insert length using the TruSeq Nano DNA Library prep kit (Illumina) and sequenced on an Illumina HiSeq X Ten System in paired-end 150-bp reads mode. The average depth was 60× (range 40-101×) in tumours and 40× (range 24-73×) in matched blood samples.

  Dataset EGAD00001004189

• Dataset of 4 WGS and 35 WES tumor and control runs linked for the ImmuNEO publication out of EGAS00001004813

  Sequencing data of 39 tumor and control runs (different tumors and blood controls), which were uploaded to EGAS00001004813 and reused in this ImmuNEO publication. The sequencing was always paired.

  Dataset EGAD00001009671

• Location and Function of NSun2-Mediated Cytosine-5 Methylation in RNA and its Effect on Translation

  Mutations in the cytosine-5 RNA methyltransferase NSun2 can cause neurodevelopmental disorders and symptoms commonly found in patients with Dubowitz-like syndrome. Some tRNAs are known to be methylated NSun2, however the occurrence of cytosine-5 methylation (m5C) in other RNA biotypes is still under debate. Location in RNA and function of m5C has not been studied yet. This study is aimed at identifying new m5C methylated RNA biotypes, as well as the location at specific structures or sequences and the ultimate biological function. The impact of the loss of NSun2-mediated methylation is also determined by comparing gene expression data with the global cytosine-5 RNA methylome in Dubowitz-like syndrome patients. We also use ribosomal profiling to assess the impact of the loss and rescue of Nsun2-mediated cytosine-5 RNA methylation on translation rates and ribosome occupancy.

  Study phs000645

• EOSC4Cancer Longitudinal Synthetic Colorectal Cancer Genomic data developed at BSC

  The synthetic genomes have been created trying to mimic real cancer data of 4 patients (Named 185,186,187 and 188). Mutations are based on real CRC patients from the PCAWG dataset. For each patient, two tumor samples at different time points and one healthy sample have been simulated. The cancer intra-tumor heterogeneity and evolution in the patients is depicted by simulating reads from tumor subclones separately and then mixing them according to their clonal proportions in each sample. For rapid use and transfer only selected chromosomes have been generated for each patient. Chromosomes per patient: -185: chr4, chr5, chr7, chr17 -186: chr1, chr7, chr12, chr17 -187: chr1, chr2, chr5, chr12, chr17 -188: chr2, chr5, chr12, chr13, chr17 Worflows used to create BAM/BAI, VCF and MAF files from FASTQ (Alignment with GRCh38): - https://usegalaxy.eu/published/workflow?id=2c3d05023c02113e - https://usegalaxy.eu/published/workflow?id=1da86d74f8535f4e

  Dataset EGAD50000000276

• LuCaP cell line ChIP-seq

  ChIP-seq of 2 LuCaP cell lines with different factors. LuCaP cell line 189.4 was ChIP-sequenced for 6 factors with different conditions as well as the input DNA (n=31 in total). LuCaP 189.4 ChIP-sequence experiments include; 3 H3K27ac/DMSO, 3 H3K27ac/vorinostat, 3 H3K27ac/dexamethasone, 3 H3K27ac/dexamethasone/vorinostat, 3 GR dexamethasone, 3 GR dexamethasone/vorinostat, 3 HDAC3/DMSO, 3 AR, 3 FOXA1, 3 H3K27ac and 1 input sample. LuCaP 35 ChIP-sequence experiments as well as input include (n=10 in total); 3 H3K27ac, 3 AR, 3 FOXA1 and 1 input sample. All 41 samples were sequenced using paired-end reads on Illumina NovaSeq 6000. Each sample has 2 fastq files, one for the forward and reverse read, respectively.

  Dataset EGAD50000001345

• Targeted DNA sequencing and mRNA sequencing data from patients with peritoneal metastasis from colorectal cancer

  Patients with peritoneal metastasis from colorectal cancer (PM-CRC) have inferior prognosis and respond particularly poorly to chemotherapy. This study aims to identify the molecular explanation for the observed clinical behavior and suggest novel treatment strategies in PM-CRC. Tumor samples (230) from a Norwegian national cohort undergoing surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) with mitomycin C (MMC) for PM-CRC were subjected to targeted DNA sequencing, and associations with clinical data were analyzed. mRNA sequencing was conducted on a subset of 30 samples to compare gene expression in tumors harboring BRAF or KRAS mutations and wild-type tumors.

  Dataset EGAD50000000593

• Multiplexed biomarkers dynamically detect heterogeneous residual neuroblastoma cell clone activity in the bone marrow niche

  Our objective was to develop a patient-specific, genomics-informed minimal residual disease (MRD) monitoring strategy for pediatric high-risk neuroblastoma using individualized multiplexed mediator-probe PCR (MP-PCR) assays. Tumor-specific somatic mutations or structural variants were identified through hybrid-capture panel sequencing. We examined tumor material from 8 patients, including 11 primary tumor samples, 3 of which represent spatially distinct primary tumor samples and 2 samples obtained at relapse. Provided are FASTQ data files, bam and bambai files, as well as breakpoint spanning and encompassing read (enspan) bam and bambai files. Sequencing bam data files are aligned to GRCh37.p13 reference genome (processed). Sequencing data were aligned to the GRCh37.p13 reference genome and processed using validated pipelines.

  Study EGAS50000001581

• Transcriptome human nasal epithelium

  1. Odors are detected, firstly, by olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) in the olfactory epithelium of the nose. This neurons then project directly to the olfactory bulb in the brain. Olfaction depends on cellular regeneration of the OE, olfactory bulb and hippocampus, and on their continual re-wiring. The olfactory neural pathway includes regions of the frontal, temporal and limbic brain, which in turn overlap with brain areas involved in brain disorders. OSNs are the only aspect of the human brain exposed to the external environment. This not only makes them vulnerable to environmental changes, but also accessible for biomedical studies. We have already sequenced and developed a protocol for analyzing the transcriptome of mouse main olfactory epithelium and single OSNs. We propose here to perform a similar study for samples from the human olfactory epithelium. We have developed a minimally invasive method for obtaining human OSNs, among other cells from the nasal epithelium. In this experiment, we have obtained cell samples from the olfactory epithelium, including OSN, from healthy volunteers. We would like to further characterize them by RNA sequencing. This will give us valuable insight into human olfaction. It will also provide a first step into a new avenue to study, and find biomarkers for, brain diseases though the analysis of these easily available neurons. This data is part of a pre-publication release. For information on the proper use of pre-publication data shared by the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute (including details of any publication moratoria), please see http://www.sanger.ac.uk/datasharing/

  Dataset EGAD00001002226

• Variant calling dataset from the whole-exome study of CIRdb in the Canary Islands

  Sequence reads were obtained from a set of 920 unrelated individuals from the CIRdb using Illumina paired-end reads, at the Institute of Technology and Renewable Energy (ITER). Briefly, we used bcl2fastq v2.18 to perform sample demultiplexing and BWA-MEM v0.7.15 (https://github.com/lh3/bwa) to align reads to GRCh37/hg19 reference. Resulting BAM files were assessed with SAMtools v1.3 (http://www.htslib.org) and Picard v2.10.10 (https://broadinstitute.github.io/picard/) for quality control steps. Small insertions/deletions (< 50 bp) and single nucleotide variants (SNVs) were identified using an in-house bioinformatics pipeline based on GATK HaplotypeCaller v3.8 (https://gatk.broadinstitute.org/hc/en-us/articles/360037225632-HaplotypeCaller). This pipeline follows the Best Practices recommendations for germline variant calling and its description is publicly available (https://github.com/genomicsITER/benchmarking/tree/master/WES).

  Dataset EGAD50000002484

• Somatic Mutations in Epilepsy: Whole Genome Sequence Analysis of Single Neurons

  Low-coverage whole-genome sequencing was performed on single-cells from resected brain tissues obtained from an individual with hemimegalencephaly (HMG) along with a somatic copy number variant (sCNV) of chromosome 1q in order to characterize the sCNV at the single cell level. Single neuronal nuclei and non-neuronal nuclei were isolated by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) using NeuN immunoreactivity to identify neurons. 46 neurons and 30 non-neuronal cells, as well as a batch of 10 and a batch of 100 cells from each group, were genome amplified using multiple displacement amplification (MDA) and sequenced on an Illumina HiSeq 2000 sequencer. Thirty-two samples were multiplexed into each HiSeq lane for single-end 50 bp runs, obtaining ~5 million pass-filter reads per sample.

  Study phs002615

• Egyptref: An integrated personal and population-based Egyptian genome reference

  North African individuals are not represented in current genetic data sets. To address this issue, we generated an integrated personal and population-based Egyptian genome reference called Egyptref. Towards this end, we performed a human de novo assembly of an Egyptian individual using long PacBio reads (99x genome coverage) and polished it using Illumina short reads (90x). Variants were phased using 10x Genomics linked reads (80x). This personal genome was complemented with whole genome sequencing-based variant data of 109 further Egyptians and mitochondrial haplogroups from mtDNA sequencing of 326 further Egyptians (of which 100 individuals from EGAD00001001372/EGAD00001001380) to obtain a population-based genome. We used Egyptref for assessing the impact of genetic variation, e.g. by integration of blood RNA sequencing data of the assembly individual.

  Study EGAS00001004303

• Evaluation of Hybridization Capture versus Amplicon-based Methods for Whole Exome Sequencing

  Next generation sequencing has aided characterization of genomic variation. While whole genome sequencing may capture all possible mutations, whole exome sequencing is more cost-effective and captures most phenotype-altering mutations. Initial strategies for exome enrichment utilized a hybridization-based capture approach. Recently, amplicon-based methods were designed to simplify preparation and utilize smaller DNA inputs. We appraised two hybridization capture-based and two amplicon-based whole exome sequencing methods, utilizing both Illumina and Ion Torrent sequencers, comparing on-target alignment, uniformity, and variant calling. While the amplicon methods had higher on-target rates, the hybridization capture-based approaches showed better uniformity. All methods identified many of the same single nucleotide variants, but each amplicon-based method missed variants detected by the other three methods and reported additional variants discordant with all three other technologies. Many of these potential false positives or negatives appear to result from limited coverage, low variant frequency, vicinity to read starts/ends, or the need for platform-specific variant calling algorithms. All methods demonstrated effective copy number variant calling when compared against a single nucleotide polymorphism array. This study illustrates some differences between various whole exome sequencing approaches, highlights the need for selecting appropriate variant calling based on capture method, and will aid laboratories in selecting their preferred approach.

  Study phs000938

• The epigenetic landscape controlled by p63 in epidermal development

  Transcription factor p63 is a key regulator of epidermal keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation. Heterozygous mutations of TP63 encoding p63 cause a spectrum of developmental disorders. EEC syndrome is caused by point mutations in the p63 DNA-binding domain, and manifests ectodermal dysplasia with defects in the epidermis and epidermal related appendages, limb malformation and cleft lip/palate. Five hotspot mutations affecting amino acids, R204, R227, R279, R280 and R304, have been found in approximately 90% of the EEC population. Although the role of p63 in normal epidermal development and differentiation has been demonstrated, the molecular mechanism by which p63 mutations cause the epidermal phenotype in diseases is not yet understood. In the two related studies, we characterize p63 mutant keratinocytes (R204W, R279H and R304W) and p63 mutant iPSCs (R204W and R304W) and the molecular mechanisms underlying their differentiation defects.

  Study phs001737

• Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study DNA Methylation Studies

  This dataset contains raw Illumina 450K blood DNA methylation data from a subset of participants in the Melbourne Cohort Study (MCCS), a prospective study of 41,513 healthy adult volunteers (24,469 women) aged between 27 and 76 years when recruited between 1990 and 1994. Nested case-control studies: DNA methylation data were generated as part of cancer case-control studies nested in the MCCS. Participants were cancer-free at blood draw; blood samples were taken at baseline (1990-1994) for 97% of participants; and for 3% of participants at the second wave of follow-up (2003-2007). Eight separate studies were conducted of breast, prostate, colorectal, lung, kidney, urothelial and gastric cancer and B-cell lymphoma, for a total of > 3,500 cancer cases. Controls were individually matched to cases on age, sex, and country of birth using incidence density sampling. Additional matching on smoking history was made for the study of lung cancer. Longitudinal study: For a subset of 1,100 participants with baseline DNA methylation measures (from dried blood spots) who were selected as controls in the nested case-control studies, repeated methylation measures were made using wave 2 follow-up samples (also from dried blood spots) to study longitudinal DNA methylation changes. Project aims: 1. Nested case-control studies: To assess prospective associations between peripheral blood DNA methylation and risk of eight cancer types (breast, prostate, colorectal, lung, kidney, urothelial cell and gastric cancer, and mature B-cell neoplasms). 2. Longitudinal study: To assess associations between lifestyle changes and changes in peripheral blood DNA methylation.

  Study phs003213

• Pediatric Patient-Derived-Xenograft development in MAPPYACTS – international pediatric cancer precision medicine trial in relapsed and refractory tumors

  Pediatric patients with recurrent and refractory cancers are in most need for new treatments. This study developed patient-derived-xenograft (PDX) models within the European MAPPYACTS cancer precision medicine trial (NCT02613962). To date, 131 PDX models were established following heterotopical and/or orthotopical implantation in immunocompromised mice: 76 sarcomas, 25 other solid tumors, 12 central nervous system tumors, 15 acute leukemias, and 3 lymphomas. PDX establishment rate was 43%. Histology, whole exome and RNA sequencing revealed a high concordance with the primary patient’s tumor profile, human leukocyte-antigen characteristics and specific metabolic pathway signatures. A detailed patient molecular characterization, including specific mutations prioritized in the clinical molecular tumor boards are provided. Ninety models were shared with the IMI2 ITCC Paediatric Preclinical Proof-of-concept Platform (IMI2 ITCC-P4) for further exploitation. This new PDX biobank of unique recurrent childhood cancers provides an essential support for basic and translational research and new treatments development in advanced pediatric malignancies.

  Dataset EGAD00001011048

• Whole-exome sequencing of paired tumour/blood of 58 T1 stage bladder cancer patients

  To understand the molecular determinants that underpin the clinical heterogeneity of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) we carried out whole-exome sequencing (WES) of stage T1 bladder tumours to identify prognostic biomarkers and novel therapeutic targets. The study includes paired tumour/blood samples of 58 T1 stage bladder cancer patients.

  Study EGAS00001005765

• A Clinical Trial of Pembrolizumab in Patients with Hepatitis B Virus-related Hepatocellular Carcinoma, with Parallel Study on Baseline and Serial Change in the Immune Environment

  This is a single-arm Phase II trial of pembrolizumab in patients with hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma with parallel study on baseline and serial change in the immune environment. Subjects should have a confirmed diagnosis of HCC (in accordance with the AASLD guideline) and confirmed chronic infection with hepatitis B virus as defined by positivity for HBsAg. Antiviral therapy for HBV must be given for at least 12 weeks and HBV viral load must be less than 100 IU/mL prior to first dose of study drug. They must have disease not amenable to a curative treatment approach or loco-ablation. Subject must be fit and agreeable with baseline and post-treatment biopsy of tumor. Subjects must have at least one measurable lesion per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.1, an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance score of 0 or 1 and adequate organ functions. 30 subjects will be enrolled to receive pembrolizumab 200 mg IV every 3 weeks(Q3W). Pre-treatment and on-treatment biopsy after 2 cycles of Pembrolizumab will be preformed. Treatment will be stopped when progression of disease or intolerable toxicity occurs. The primary objectives of this trial are to study the efficacy and safety of pembrolizumab in patients with HBV-related HCC and to study the serial change in RNA expression of immune-related gene panel in post-treatment biopsy tissue. The secondary objectives of this trial are to study the serial change in cytokine profile between pre-treatment and post-treatment samples, to study the PD-L1 immunohistochemical (IHC) expression in tumor sample at baseline and post-treatment tissue samples and to study the presence of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes in the baseline and post-treatment tumor samples. The exploratory objective of this trial is to evaluate the possibility of using baseline and the serial change in RNA expression of immune-related gene panel or PD-L1/2 IHC to predict treatment response.

  Dataset EGAD50000001872

• ChIP-seq for G3-MB

  ChIP-seq for H3K27ac and NeuroD1 in Group 3 Medulloblastoma cell models. Input DNA for each sample and target is also included.

  Dataset EGAD50000002303

• Detection of low-frequency DNA variants by targeted sequencing of the Watson and Crick strands

  Identification and quantification of low-frequency mutations remain challenging despite improvements in the baseline error rate of next-generation sequencing technologies. Here, we describe a method, termed SaferSeqS, that addresses this challenge by (1) efficiently introducing identical molecular barcodes in the Watson and Crick strands of template molecules and (2) enriching target sequences with strand-specific PCR. The method achieves high sensitivity and specificity and detects variants at frequencies below 1 in 100,000 DNA template molecules with a background mutation rate of &lt;5 × 10-7 mutants per base pair (bp). We demonstrate that it can evaluate mutations in a single amplicon or simultaneously in multiple amplicons, assess limited quantities of cell-free DNA with high recovery of both strands and reduce the error rate of existing PCR-based molecular barcoding approaches by &gt;100-fold.

  Study EGAS00001005048

• Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute/ Cancer Research UK National Biomarker Centre Data Access Committee

  Cancer Research UK Manchester Institute/Cancer Research UK National Biomarker Centre Data Access Committee is created to • Review and approve data access requests. • Ensure data security and compliance with institutional and legal obligations. • Maintain accurate records of access decisions For questions or further information, please contact: Chair of the Data Access Committee: Caroline Wilkinson Email: dac@cruk.manchester.ac.uk

  Dac EGAC50000000795

• Methylation Array data for: Three-dimensional patient-derived models of glioblastoma retain intra-tumoral heterogeneity

  3 sets of matched patient-derived-organoids (PDOs),  -neurospheres (PDNs), and parent glioblastoma tissue (9 samples total) underwent methylation array analysis. 200ng of each sample DNA extracted via a commercial kit (Qiagen) and loaded onto the Illumina EPIC v2.0 array. Data is provided as raw red and green .idat files.

  Dataset EGAD00010002745

• single-cell RNA-Seq samples of CRC patients

  The dataset contains samples of 11 CRC patients (2 samples for each patient, tumor and normal adjacent tissue site, 22 samples in total). Dataset is composed by fastq file (paired end) type from 10x single-cell RNA-Seq.

  Dataset EGAD00001009634

• Microbial signatures and innate immune gene expression in lamina propria phagocytes of inflammatory bowel diseases patients

  The microbial populations associated with the lamina propria phagocyte population in CD and UC patients was examined. Specifically, the differences between phagocyte-associated microbiota (PAM) and mucosa-associated microbiota were determined.

  Study EGAS00001003105

• RNA-Sequencing of B-Lymphoblastic Leukemia with Glucocorticoids and PI3K Delta Inhibition

  Mononuclear cells were isolated from bone marrow or peripheral blood of 7 pediatric subjects with B-lymphoblastic leukemia at the time of diagnosis. To determine the effect of PI3K delta inhibition on glucocorticoid-induced gene regulation, B-lymphoblastic leukemia cells were treated with glucocorticoids +/- the PI3K delta inhibitor, idelalisib, for 24 hours prior to RNA extraction and sequencing. Biological replicates were performed for 4 of the 7 subjects; 2 of these subjects had specimens demonstrating an additive response to the combination of glucocorticoids and idelalisib in viability testing in vitro, and 2 subjects' specimens demonstrated a synergistic response. All 7 subjects were analyzed together and the 4 specimens with biological replicates were also evaluated in an additional analysis. An average of 40 million reads per specimen and treatment condition were obtained. We compared gene expression in each treatment condition to vehicle-treated cells and expression in glucocorticoid or idelalisib only treated cells to combination treated cells. Using a high dose of dexamethasone (25 or 50 nM) and an equivalent dose of prednisolone, we found that the addition of idelalisib (500 nM) enhanced prednisolone-induced gene regulation but not dexamethasone-induced gene regulation. Surprisingly, the specimens with additive response to combination therapy demonstrated enhancement of prednisolone-induced gene regulation with the addition of idelalisib, while the specimens with synergistic responses did not. Raw sequencing data (FASTQ) and count tables will be available through dbGaP.

  Study phs003085

• ICGC Oesophageal adenocarcinoma - tumour samples

  The oesophageal project will focus on adenocarcinoma which is increasing in incidence in the UK and other developed countries and has a very poor outcome. The primary aims of this project are to deeply sequence tumour and normal genomic DNA (including the precursor condition Barrett’s oesophagus when material is available) to provide a comprehensive catalogue of somatic mutations. This will be achieved through a UK-wide network of hospitals involved in a research collaboration called the OCCAMS consortium. The goal of this project is to use high quality clinical material with accurately annotated clinic-pathological, treatment and outcome data.

  Study EGAS00001000725

• Whole genome and RNA sequencing of paediatric glioblastoma in the ICGC PedBrain project

  Paediatric glioblastoma (pedGBM) is characterised by substantial intertumoural heterogeneity. In order to identify the genetic lesions underlying tumourigenesis, we analysed whole genomes and transcriptomes of pedGBMs and in vitro model systems by next generation sequencing. Novel fusions of the receptor tyrosine kinase MET lead us to investigate targeted therapy using MET inhibitors. This study is part of the International Cancer Genome Consortium PedBrain Tumor Project (ICGC PedBrain, http://www.pedbraintumor.org/).

  Study EGAS00001001139

• The Gut Microbiome of liver transplant recipients – Cross-sectional + Longitudinal (renal and liver)

  TransplantLines is designed as a single-center, prospective cohort study and biobank including all different types of solid organ transplant recipients as well as living organ donors. In the TransplantLines gut microbiome study the gut microbiome of solid organ transplant recipients is characterized and linked to clinical phenotypes. This batch contains the cross-sectional data from liver transplant recipients and longitudinal data from renal and liver transplant recipients.

  Study EGAS00001006258

• Tumor mutational landscape in individuals with CMMRD

  Whole exome sequencing data from the tumors (n=16) of individuals with constitutional mismatch repair deficiency. Data was aligned to GRCh38.

  Study EGAS50000000081

• Phenytoin_case-control

  Genotype dataset from individuals diagnosed with phenytoin-induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) or toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) and control individuals from the Thai population. DNA was extracted from whole blood, and SNP genotyping was performed using the Illumina HumanOmniExpressExome-8 v1.2 array.

  Dataset EGAD00010002790

• Genotype data of Japanese

  Genotype data of the Japanese population (N=142) were collected at Osaka University. Genotyping was performed using Infinium Asian Screening Array (Illumina, USA).

  Study EGAS00001006950

• Whole genome sequencing

  Whole genome sequencing of high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC) tumours and matched normals from 15 patients with homologous recombination deficiencies. The dataset includes fastq files from 56 HGSC tumours (1 primary, 1 relapse, 54 end-stage) and 15 matched normals. Sequence libraries were generated from tumour and matched normal genomic DNA using the KAPA HyperPrep PCR-free library preparation kit (Roche), or the Illumina TruSeq DNA Nano kit according to manufacturer’s instructions. Sequencing was carried out by the Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics Sequencing Laboratory (Sydney, Australia) on the HiSeq X Ten System (Illumina) or by the Australian Genome Research Facility (Melbourne, Australia) on an Illumina NovaSeq to a minimum base coverage of 30-fold for normal DNA and 60-fold for tumour DNA samples.

  Dataset EGAD00001009746

• iRHOM2 Deficiency Causes Environmentally Directed Immunodysregulatory Disease

  We have conducted a study of two kindreds each with a unique mutation in the gene RHBDF2 that encodes the protein iRHOM2. Whole exome (kindred 1) and whole genome sequencing (kindred 2) have uncovered the first human loss-of-function mutations of RHBDF2 in 4 individuals. The affected patients are all children, 8 years old or younger, and were brought to our attention initially due to their suffering recurrent infections. Sequencing of their family members revealed parents with heterozygous RHBDF2 mutations, and heterozygous and wild type siblings &#8211; all of which were unaffected by this disease. A comprehensive investigation of this gene mutation through in vivo and in vitro experiments revealed that a loss of the protein iRHOM2 impairs the activity of the protease ADAM17 and subsequently compromises immune responses. This condition leads to the afflicted patients becoming vulnerable to different infections based on their unique environment and presenting with diverse clinical phenotypes.&nbsp;

  Study phs002478

• Clonal dynamics of normal haematopoiesis across the human lifespan

  Age-related loss of function in the human haematopoietic system is well documented, manifesting as reduced regenerative capacity, age-related cytopenias and immune dysfunction. However, the cellular and population level changes that underpin both this functional decline and the increased risk of clonal haematopoiesis and blood cancer in the elderly remain elusive. Here we performed whole genome sequencing on &gt;3350 single haematopoietic stem cell / multipotent progenitors (HSC/MPP) derived colonies across 10 haematologically normal subjects aged 0 to 81. We found that HSC/MPPs accumulated 17 single nucleotide variants per year post birth and had a reduction in telomere length of 50bp per year throughout young adult life. We reconstructed phylogenies of the sampled HSC/MPPs to interrogate changes in clonal dynamics through life. Haematopoiesis in adults aged less than 65 was predominantly polyclonal, with few known driver mutations. In contrast, individuals aged over 75 displayed a profound change in clonal structure, with frequent clonal expansions, many unexplained by known driver mutations. The ratio of non-synonymous to synonymous mutations revealed widespread positive selection, estimating around 1000 driver mutations in the dataset (10-fold more than the number of known drivers). We identified novel genes ZNF318 and HIST2H3D as being under positive selection, despite not being enriched in myeloid malignancies. Our data show that HSC clonal dynamics is more complex than previously thought. One implication is that by old age, the majority of HSCs carry at least one of a number of largely undescribed driver mutations, which may underlie aspects of their functional decline.

  Dataset EGAD00001007851

• NGS-Based Mutational Analysis of 87 PMBL Patients from the GAINED Cohort (Subset of 382 Sequenced Patients)

  Targeted DNA sequencing was performed on DNA extracted from 87 formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) samples, representing a subset of the 382 sequenced patients from the GAINED cohort. A custom “Lymphopanel” was used to identify mutations in 70 genes associated with lymphomagenesis. Library preparation, exome capture, sequencing, and analysis were conducted by IntegraGen SA (Evry, France). Sequencing was performed on an Illumina HiSeq4000 platform, with variant calling and annotation using established bioinformatics tools such as MuTect and VEP.

  Dataset EGAD50000001359

• Single-cell RNA sequencing of human omental tissue in benign and metastatic ovarian cancer

  To elucidate the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying omental homeostasis and its transformation during ovarian cancer metastasis, a human omental cell atlas was generated encompassing both benign and metastatic conditions. Single-cell RNA sequencing was performed on freshly dissociated omental tissue samples from patients with newly diagnosed benign and malignant disease. Samples collected during diagnostic surgery covered distinct anatomical regions, enabling comparison between non-metastasized omentum and sites along the metastatic gradient, including distant, peritumoral, and tumor core areas.

  Study EGAS50000001465

• Eribulin efficacy in platinum-resistant and refractory high-grade serous ovarian cancer patient-derived xenograft models

  Objectives: To determine the potential of anti-microtubule agent (AMA) therapy (paclitaxel, vinorelbine and eribulin) in platinum-resistant or refractory (PRR) HGSC by assessing response in patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models of HGSC. Approach:We characterized a cohort of PRR HGSC PDX models generated from treatment naïve or postsystemic therapy specimens, representative of individuals with PRR HGSC in the clinic. Whole-exome sequencing was carried out on five PDX tumours and whole-genome sequencing was carried out on one patient tumour.

  Study EGAS50000000152

• Nanopore Sequencing in adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) without intellectual disability

  Nanopore whole-genome sequencing was performed on DNA from peripheral blood samples of 10 individuals with ASD and 10 sex- and age-matched non-autistic controls (NC). DNA preparation and sequencing was performed according to the Oxford Nanopore Technologies (ONT; Oxford, UK) manual “Ligation Sequencing gDNA V14 - human sample (N50 30 kb) on PromethION (SQK-LSK114)” (version GDH_9174_v114_revF_10Nov2022) using ONT R10.4.1 PromethION flow cells. Sequencing was performed on an ONT PromethION 2 Solo using ONT MinKNOW software. Base and modification calling as well as alignment was performed with the ONT dorado basecalling software v0.5.3 using the model dna_r10.4.1_e8.2_400bps_hac@v4.2.0 and flag --modified-bases 5mCG_5hmCG with GenBank GCA_0000001405.15 (GRCh38) as reference sequence. This dataset contains the resulting modBAMs (.bam file format) sorted and indexed using samtools (Danecek et al., 2021) with indexes in bam.bai file format.

  Dataset EGAD50000002495

• Colorectal adenomas and carcinomas NKI-AvL TGO series Gut2009

  Colorectal cancer (CRC) develops from normal epithelium, through a benign precursor lesion called adenoma, by accumulation of genetic alterations affecting oncogenes and tumour suppressor genes. These CRC-related genomic alterations often result in specific RNA-expression patterns. RNA isolated from fresh frozen specimen of 32 adenomas and 29 CRCs was obtained from the previously published study (Carvalho et al. 2009) and RNA-sequencing was performed with the aim to examine RNA expression changes in colorectal adenoma-to-carcinoma progression.

  Study EGAS00001002758

• cytogenetically visibile inversions

  Pacbio Hifi whole genome sequencing data from six individuals carrying cytogenetically visible inversions. The HiFi data was produced on the PacBio Revio machine, using 1 flowcell per sample. The resulting data was aligned to hg19 using minimap2, and converted into bam using samtools.

  Dataset EGAD50000000635

• Maturation of Human Intestinal Epithelial Cell Layers Fortifies the Apical Surface against Salmonella Attack

  Pathogen invasion of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) is a key gut infection event. The dynamics of this process in intact epithelia and the factors governing IEC susceptibility remain underexplored. We present a resource for live-cell infection imaging in human enteroid-/colonoid-derived IEC layers, across maturation states and in the presence or absence of soluble mucus production. Utilization of this resource shows how human IEC maturation fortifies the apical surface against invasion by Salmonella Typhimurium (S.Tm). Immature IEC layers appear permissive to S.Tm invasion, but maturation towards an enterocyte/colonocyte phenotype reduces the susceptibility by up to tenfold. This shift couples to downregulated expression of actin regulatory proteins exploited by the pathogen, an increased dependence on the S.Tm effector SipA, and the build-up of the apical IEC glycocalyx linked to surface-attached mucins like MUC13 and nullifiable by StcE-enzyme treatment. This underscores how the maturation state of human IECs governs susceptibility to bacterial invasion.

  Study EGAS50000001241