7073 results for "canc*"

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• A Translational, Pharmacodynamic and Pharmacokinetic Phase IB Clinical Study of Everolimus in Resectable Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer

  This phase IB clinical trial studied the pharmacodynamic changes induced by everolimus in patients with previously untreated, resectable non small cell lung cancer. Using a combination of in vivo and ex vivo assessments with FDG PET, immunohistochemistry and genomic assays, evidence of mTOR pathway perturbation was assessed in patients treated with everolimus, an allosteric mTOR inhibitor. Untreated patients served as controls for comparison. Key results from this work include a dose-dependent biologic effect of everolimus, signal of activity in RAS mutant tumors as well as near complete metabolic and pathologic response in a case of sarcomatoid lung cancer. These findings represent novel translational insights that can guide future development of mTOR inhibitors in lung cancer and other tumor types. Additionally, metabolic response and anatomic tumor shrinkage observed in a significant proportion of patients following a short of duration of therapy with everolimus suggests potential clinical utility of this agent in carefully-selected lung cancer patients.

  Study phs000829

• National Cancer Institute (NCI) Early Onset Malignancies Initiative (EOMI): Molecular profiling of Breast, Colon, Kidney, Liver, Multiple Myeloma, and Prostate among Racially and Ethnically Diverse Populations

  The Early Onset Malignancies Initiative (EOMI) is focused on collecting specimens from racially and ethnically diverse population groups with six different types of cancer (breast, prostate, colon, liver, kidney, and multiple myeloma). This initiative is a partnership between the Center for Research Strategy, the Center for Cancer Genomics and the Division of Cancer (DCP). DCP's NCI Community Oncology Research Program (NCORP) is a critical partner. The acquisition of the cancer and matching normal biospecimens in this initiative are from newly diagnosed early onset cancer patients who identify as Non-Hispanic Black, Hispanic, American Indian or Alaska Native, or Non-Hispanic White. The Minority/Underserved NCORPs sites will collect the samples for this project. By carrying out this initiative in the NCORP's national network of investigators, cancer care providers, and research institutions, the EOMI will harness the community-based partnerships to improve participation among these racial/ethnic groups. The NCORP investigators, as participants in NCI's clinical trials network, will annotate the biologic samples with clinical information that will enhance the ability to answer questions about molecular determinants of early disease, treatment response, and/or prognosis. The EOMI will be a step forward in addressing racial/ethnic disparities and in understanding cancer in underserved populations.

  Study phs001952

• single cell data from HPV-positive head and neck cancer patients receiving induction CTLA-4 and PD-1 immune checkpoint blockade

  Baseline and on-treatment tumor samples from human papillomavirus-positive oropharynx cancer patients receiving anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1 immune checkpoint blockade were analyzed by single-cell RNA and TCR sequencing.

  Study EGAS50000000335

• Enhancer profiling identifies epigenetic markers of endocrine resistance and reveals therapeutic options for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patients (LuCaP cell line data)

  Androgen Receptor (AR) signaling inhibitors, including enzalutamide, are treatment options for patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), but resistance inevitably develops. Using metastatic samples from a prospective phase II clinical trial, we epigenetically profiled enhancer/promoter activities with H3K27ac chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing, before and after AR-targeted therapy. We identified a distinct subset of H3K27ac-differentially marked regions that associated with treatment responsiveness. These data were successfully validated in mCRPC patient-derived xenograft models (PDX). In silico analyses revealed HDAC3 as a critical factor that can drive resistance to hormonal interventions, which we validated in vitro. Critically, we identified the pan-HDAC inhibitor, vorinostat to be effective in decreasing tumor cell proliferation both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, we uncovered evidence for HDAC3 working together with Glucocorticoid Receptor (GR) as a potential mechanism for this therapeutic effect. These findings demonstrate rationale for new therapeutic strategies including HDAC inhibitors to improve patient outcome in advanced stages of mCRPC. Project Goal: We identified H3K27ac regions associated with resistance in patient samples. Extensive analysis of these regions suggested that HDAC3 may play a role in resistance. To test this, we analyzed ChIP-seq and RNA-seq from cell lines generated from PDX LuCaP samples (recapitulating resistant and non-resistant) to validate findings in patient samples. ChIP-seq samples were used to verify the signals identified from specific factors, such as H3K27ac, AR, FOXA1, GR and HDAC3, their association with resistance and possible mechanisms of action. RNA-seq samples were analyzed to determine the effect of AR signaling in these samples in specific genes in the H3K27ac resistance-associated regions.

  Study EGAS50000000917

• HSC_population_dynamics_KSP_samples

  My research project aims to use the clonal dynamics of spontaneously occurring somatic mutations to answer fundamental questions about human haematopoietic stem cell (HSC) biology. The four major questions I will address are: 1. How do age and aging affect normal human HSC dynamics in vivo? 2. How do in vivo perturbations, particularly chemotherapy and increased levels of reactive oxygen species, affect HSC population dynamics? 3. Is response to in vitro perturbation heritable and/or correlated with other features such as age of individual and contribution of the lineage to peripheral blood? 4. How are HSC dynamics altered in people with early driver mutations (clonal haematopoiesis)?

  Study EGAS00001002762

• MutWP6__CRUK_Grand_Challenge_Mutographs_of_Cancer__Botseq

  The Mutographs project aims to advance our understanding of the causes of cancer through studies of mutational signatures. Led by Mike Stratton, together with Paul Brennan, Ludmil Alexandrov, Allan Balmain, David Phillips and Peter Campbell, this large-scale international research endeavour was awarded a Cancer Research UK Grand Challenge. Within Mutographs, work lead by the Sanger Institute will investigate whether detection of somatic mutations and mutational signatures in circulating white blood cells can be developed into a practical, generic system for surveying and monitoring multiple different endogenous and exogenous exposures, providing an ‘observatory’ on somatic mutational processes in humans. Whole genome sequences are generated at the Wellcome Sanger Institute (Illumina HiSeqX). Somatic mutational signatures are subsequently extracted by non-negative matrix factorisation methods. Through an enhanced understanding of cancer aetiology, Mutographs unprecedented effort is anticipated to outline modifiable risk factors, lead to new approaches to prevent cancer, and provide opportunities to empower early detection, refine high-risk groups and contribute to further therapeutic development.

  Study EGAS00001004330

• COMPASS Next Generation Sequencing WGS data

  Whole genome sequencing data for Pancreatic Cancer Samples from the COMPASS clinical trial

  Study EGAS50000001091

• UCL Translation Uro-Oncology Data Access Committee will govern access to data generated from the Translation Uro-Oncology groups of the UCL Cancer Institute and UCL Division of Surgery & Interventional Science

  Dac EGAC00001000471

• Circulating cell-free and extracellular vesicles-derived microRNA as prognostic biomarkers in patients with early-stage NSCLC: results from RESTING study

  Lung cancer, especially non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), has high mortality rates. Early-stage NSCLC shows a 50% relapse rate post-surgery, with most recurrences occurring within two years and a 5-year survival of only 30%. This study focuses on the prognostic value of circulating miRNAs in surgically treated ES-NSCLC patients, aiming to assess their predictive accuracy and compare them to standard prognostic factors.

  Study EGAS50000001032

• Intratumoral Heterogeneity and Clonal Evolution Induced by HPV Integration

  The human papillomavirus (HPV) genome is integrated into host DNA in most HPV-positive cancers, but the consequences for chromosomal integrity are unknown. We used continuous long-read sequencing of oropharyngeal cancers and cervical cancer cell lines to resolve structural variation induced by HPV. We discovered a previously undescribed form of structural variation, "heterocateny," characterized by diverse, interrelated, and repetitive patterns of concatemerized virus and host DNA segments within a cancer.

  Study phs003396

• The Haplotype-Resolved Genome and Epigenome of the Aneuploid HeLa Cancer Cell Line

  The genomic architecture of HeLa remains largely unexplored beyond its karyotype, partly because like many cancers, its extensive aneuploidy renders such analyses challenging. We carried out haplotype-resolved whole-genome sequencing of the HeLa CCL-2 strain, examined point- and indel-mutation variations, mapped copy-number variations and loss of heterozygosity regions, and phased variants across full chromosome arms. We also investigated variation and copy-number profiles for HeLa S3 and eight additional strains. We find that HeLa is relatively stable in terms of point variation, with few new mutations accumulating after early passaging. Haplotype resolution facilitated reconstruction of an amplified, highly rearranged region of chromosome 8q24.21 at which integration of the human papilloma virus type 18 (HPV-18) genome occurred and that is likely to be the event that initiated tumorigenesis. We combined these maps with RNA-seq and ENCODE Project data sets to phase the HeLa epigenome. This revealed strong, haplotype specific activation of the proto-oncogene MYC by the integrated HPV-18 genome approximately 500 kilobases upstream, and enabled global analyses of the relationship between gene dosage and expression. These data provide an extensively phased, high-quality reference genome for past and future experiments relying on HeLa, and demonstrate the value of haplotype resolution for characterizing cancer genomes and epigenomes. Reprinted from Adey et. al. 2013, Nature, with permission from Nature Publishing Group.

  Study phs000642

• DNA Repair Capacity for Lung Disease Risk Assessment

  A focus of this work was to address the extent to which susceptibility for lung cancer varies by gene-environment-phenotype interactions involving DNA repair capacity and differences in risk from environmental stressors. GWAS from a subset of subjects from the Lovelace Smokers Cohort and New Mexico Lung Cancer cohort were used to derive polygenic risk scores for DNA repair pathways (nucleotide excision, base excision, single strand break, non-homologous, homologous recombination). Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the association between polygenic risk score and lung cancer status. Polygenic risk scores were grouped by quartiles. Only diminished base excision repair was associated with increased risk for lung cancer at the 25-50% quartile and approached significance at the 50-75% quartile.

  Study phs004063

• APOBEC Mutagenesis, Kataegis, Chromothripsis in EGFR-Mutant Osimertinib-Resistant Lung Adenocarcinomas

  Expanding on studies investigating apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide-like (APOBEC) mutagenesis in histological transformation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutant lung cancers, it has been hypothesized that mutational signature analysis may help better understand acquired resistance to targeted therapies. Using mutational signature analysis in Receptor Tyrosine Kinase (RTK) driven lung adenocarcinomas, more specifically EGFR mutant lung cancer, APOBEC dominant mutational signatures were noted more frequently in subclonal post Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor (TKI) treatment biospecimen samples and in the presence of large-scale genomic rearrangements. This is hypothesized to be due to the pressure of treatment with TKIs; a fact that should be further explored and can be potentially manipulated in order to overcome drug resistance.

  Study phs003812

• HeLa Cell Genome Sequencing Studies

  HeLa is a human epithelial adenocarcinoma cell line that was derived from biopsy specimens of a 31-year old patient named Henrietta Lacks who was being treated for cervical cancer at The Johns Hopkins University Hospital in 1951. The specimens were obtained without her knowledge or consent just before her death in 1951. HeLa is the oldest and most widely used human cell line and has been an extraordinarily important resource for researchers throughout the world. HeLa cells have served as a standard for understanding many fundamental biological processes, such as testing the polio vaccine, establishing basic techniques for cloning and in vitro fertilization, identifying the cause of cervical cancer (HPV), and advancing the development of anti-cancer drugs.This study contains all authorized whole genome sequence data of the HeLa cell line from datasets currently in dbGaP. These data have been approved for health, medical, and/or biomedical research purposes. Access to these data can be granted for one year. Accessible data will include the studies listed on this page and any additional authorized datasets that become available during this one-year period. The HeLa Genome Data Access Working Group of the Advisory Committee to the Director (ACD) will review requests from the research community for access to these datasets and assess whether the requests align with the terms of use defined in the HeLa Genome Data Use Agreement. The Working Group's findings will be reported to the ACD, and the ACD will make recommendations to the NIH Director about whether a request should be approved or disapproved. The NIH Director will decide whether access to the data will be granted.

  Study phs000640

• Tumor-associated neutrophil 1 precursors impair homologous DNA repair and promote sensitivity to PARP-inhibition

  Tumor evolution is one of the major mechanisms responsible for acquiring therapy resistant and more aggressive cancer clones. Whether the tumor microenvironment through immune-mediated mechanisms might promote the development of more aggressive cancer types is crucial for the identification of additional therapeutical opportunities. Here, we identify a subset of tumor-associated neutrophils, defined as tumor-associated neutrophil precursors (PreNeu). These PreNeu are enriched in highly proliferative hormone-dependent breast cancers and impair DNA repair capacity

  Study EGAS00001008154

• WES data of pediatric cancer patients with P/LP variants in HBOC-related genes

  The current study aimed to identify (likely) pathogenic germline variants(LP/PVs) in 25 adult-onset HBOC-related genes within a cohort of 372 pediatric cancer patients. For this purpose we performed (paired-end) whole exome sequencing (WES) using Ilumina sequencing technology. The files uploaded here belong to the 27 individuals with such a LP/PV. The project provides insight into the prevalence and spectrum of such variants in childhood cancer, contributing to the understanding of genetic predisposition in pediatric oncology.

  Dataset EGAD50000001561

• Clonal hematopoiesis in metastatic urothelial and renal cell carcinoma

  This study aimed to determine the prevalence and clinical relevance of clonal hematopoiesis in metastatic urothelial and renal cell carcinoma.

  Study EGAS50000000870

• University of Sydney Thyroid Cancer Data Access Committee

  This Data Access Committee (DAC) manages access to genomic data generated by the Thyroid Cancer Research Group at the University of Sydney and Royal North Shore Hospital. The DAC will evaluate data access requests to ensure they align with participant consent and the conditions approved by the Northern Sydney Local Health District Human Research Ethics Committee. Requests will be reviewed for scientific validity, alignment with the original consent, and compliance with institutional and regulatory data governance policies.

  Dac EGAC50000000661

• Biomarker Research for Anti EGFR Monoclonal Antibodies by Comprehensive Cancer Genomics

  The purpose of this study is to explore new biomarkers for predicting the effectiveness of an anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (anti-EGFR) antibody in patients with advanced colorectal cancer. The investigation involves analyzing the entire exome, conducting a genome-wide association study (GWAS), and analyzing copy number variations (CNVs) using single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays. Genetic material from both cancerous and non-cancerous tissues, as well as blood samples from patients who received the antibody treatment, will be used. The goal is to identify genetic mutations and SNPs associated with treatment efficacy and adverse events, and to assess the correlation between their presence and treatment effectiveness using statistical methods.

  Study JGAS000779

• Identification of colorectal cancer susceptibility genes in Japanese

  We performed whole genome sequencing of 617 colorectal cancer patients registered in BioBank Japan to identify novel susceptibility genes.

  Study JGAS000699

• Developing therapeutics for ovarian cancer using ovarian cancer organoids

  To identify effective drugs for clear cell ovarian cancer (CCC) and high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC) through high-throughput drug screening using ovarian cancer organoids and to identify novel therapeutic targets based on the biological characteristics of CCC and HGSC through omics analysis.

  Study JGAS000764

• Elucidating the development of cervical cancer and identifying therapeutic targets based on cancer genome analysis.

  The objective of this project is to analyze genomic aberrations and gene expression changes, such as mutations, deletions, and amplifications, in human cervical cancer cells at the somatic cell level, and to contrast these with clinicopathological information to elucidate the molecular mechanisms and characteristics of lcervical cancer development and progression at the genetic level.

  Study JGAS000803

• Application of organoid culture system of human gastrointestinal and thoracic cancer in genome medicine

  In order to establish preclinical models, we have established three kinds of esophageal tumoroids derived from esophageal cancer patient. We performed whole exome sequencing to analyze genetic background of the tumoroids.

  Study JGAS000749

• Atezolizumab monotherapy following dCRT indicated a promising cCR rate in patients with unresectable locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (EPOC1802)

  The objective is to analyze tumor and normal cell exome sequencing of esophageal cancer patients participating in the Tenergy trial before treatment and RNA sequencing specimens of tumor biopsy specimens at three points before treatment, after radiation chemotherapy, and after atezolizumab administration, in order to search for biomarkers to predict treatment response. Exome sequencing of pretreatment tumor tissue (27 specimens) and normal tissue (27 specimens) from esophageal cancer patients participating in the Tenergy trial, and RNA sequencing of tumor biopsy specimens at three time points before treatment (28 specimens), after radiation chemotherapy (25 specimens) and after atezolizumab administration (25 specimens).

  Study JGAS000708

• Evaluation of novel therapies using primary cultured gynecological cancer cells and search for predictors of efficacy

  The objective of this study is to establish an optimal method to evaluate the anti-tumor efficacy and biological activity of the novel therapies under investigation in our department using cancer tissues and cells derived from patients with gynecological malignancies in vitro and to evaluate them in practice. This research will contribute to the development of new treatments for gynecological cancer.

  Study JGAS000809

• Application of targeted long-read methylation sequencing to dissected breast cancer tissues

  Four regions defined by pathological view were dissected from fresh frozen sections of breast cancer tissue using Millisect system. DNA and RNA extracted from the dissected tissues were applied to short-read WGS, short-read RNA-seq, short-read EM-seq, and targeted long-read methylation analysis t-nanoEM.

  Study JGAS000758

• Identification of gastric cancer susceptibility genes in Japanese

  We performed whole genome sequencing of 256 gastric cancer patients registered in BioBank Japan to identify novel susceptibility genes.

  Study JGAS000698

• PD-1 antibody-bound progenitor-exhausted CD8+ T cells in lymph nodes boost PD-1-blockade anti-tumor immunity in gastrointestinal cancer

  While progenitor-exhausted T cells (Tpex) expressing TCF1 and PD-1 are crucial for the therapeutic effect of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs; therapeutic anti-PD-1 antibodies), the dynamics of ICI-bound Tpex are not fully understood. In this study, we investigated ICI-bound T cells in detail using combined sequencing analysis at the single cell level. By analyzing samples from gastrointestinal cancer patients with or without ICI treatment, we found that Tpex were enriched in proximal lymph nodes (LNs) and proliferated at a high rate after ICI treatment. Importantly, ICI high-bound Tpex in LNs shared T-cell receptor clonotypes with intratumoral exhausted CD8+ T cells (Tex), suggesting their migration to tumor sites after ICI treatment. These findings indicate that ICIs initially target PD-1+CD8+ Tpex in LNs, prompting their proliferation. Subsequently, these cells migrate to tumors and differentiate into Tex, thereby exerting anti-tumor immunity.

  Study JGAS000720

• Elucidation of the association of the HPV integration and oropharyngeal cancer

  Whole-genome sequencing was performed using tumor and blood samples from 14 patients with HPV-associated oropharyngeal cancer. Bulk RNA sequencing was performed using tumor samples from 19 patients with HPV-associated oropharyngeal cancer and 17 patients with non-HPV-associated oropharyngeal cancer and normal tonsil samples from 2 healthy controls.

  Study JGAS000751

• Development of actionable molecular targets and/or biomarkers for prognostication and patient stratification in gynecological cancer based on whole-exome sequencing and epigenomic analysis

  We collected 92 endometrial hyperplasia lesions (48 non-atypical from 30 cases and 44 atypical from 24 cases) and matched normal tissues/whole blood. The purpose of this study is to develop actionable molecular targets and/or biomarkers for prognostication and patient stratification.

  Study JGAS000642

• Application of organoid culture system of human gastrointestinal and thoracic cancer in genome medicine

  In order to establish preclinical models, we have established a kind of lung cancer tumoroids derived from a mucus-producing solid pulmonary adenocarcinoma patient. We performed whole exome sequencing and RNA sequencing to analyze genetic background of the tumoroids.

  Study JGAS000664

• Transcriptome sequencing of human colon organoid after co-cultivation with Bifidobacterium longum

  The large intestine has a dense milieu of indigenous bacteria, generating a complex ecosystem with crosstalk between individual bacteria and host cells. In vitro host cell modeling and bacterial interactions at the anaerobic interphase have elucidated the crosstalk molecular basis. Although classical cell lines derived from patients with colorectal cancer including Caco-2 cells are used, whether they adequately mimic normal colonic epithelial physiology is unclear. To address this, we performed transcriptome profiling of Caco-2 and Monolayer cells derived from healthy Human Colonic Organoid (MHCO) cultured hemi-anaerobically. Coculture with the anaerobic gut bacteria, Bifidobacterium longum subsp. longum differentiated the probiotic effects of test cells from those of physiologically normal intestinal and colorectal cancer cells. We cataloged non- or overlapping gene signatures where gene profiles of Caco-2 cells represented absorptive cells in the small intestinal epithelium, and MHCO cells showed complete colonic epithelium signature, including stem/progenitor, goblet, and enteroendocrine cells colonocytes. Characteristic gene expression changes related to lipid metabolism, inflammation, and cell-cell adhesion were observed in cocultured live Bifidobacterium longum and Caco-2 or MHCO cells. B. longum-stimulated MHCO cells exhibited barrier-enhancing characteristics, as demonstrated in clinical trials. Our data represent a valuable resource for understanding gut microbe and host cell communication.

  Study JGAS000740

• RNA sequencing of surgically removed lung adenocarcinoma afterwards treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors

  Patients with lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were enrolled in the training cohort to establish a prognostic signature based on the expression of tumor-specific amino acid metabolism related genes. The established signature was further investigated against an original cohort, KCC-ICI, of chemotherapy combined with immune checkpoint inhibitors. The signature consisting of nine genes, KYNU, PSPH, PPAT, MIF, GCLC, ACAD8, TYRP1, ALDH2, and HDC, could effectively stratify the OS in LUAD patients. The KCC-ICI cohort confirmed the predictive ability of the established signature in the clinical response to immune checkpoint blockade therapy, which correlated with the infiltration of immune cells (e.g., T lymphocytes and nature killer cells). We discovered that the high signature risk score patients showed a significantly lower concentration of plasma-free ??-aminobutyric acid (AABA).

  Study JGAS000675

• 1. Identidication of molecular biological mechanism associated with the development and prognosis of uterine cancer, uterine sarcoma, and endometrial hyperplasia / 2. Identification of molecular biological mechanism associated with the development of endometriosis and malignant transformation, ovarian cancer, fallopian tubal cancer, peritoneal cancer, and other malignant tumors in gynecological organs

  To clarify the biological difference between clear cell carcinoma and other histological subtypes in ovarian carcinomas by comparing copy number variants, and to identify molecular subtypes and carcinogenesis in clear cell ovarian carcinomas by whole-exome sequencing and RNA-sequencing. Then, characterize high-grade serous carcinomas by NGS-based, integrative genomic analyses, with focus on homologous recombination deficiency, molecular subtypes, prognostic factors and effectiveness of PARP inhibitor. Based on the results of whole-exome sequencing, an investigator-initiated, phase 2 clinical trial will be conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the PARP inhibitor olaparib in HRD-positive cases.

  Study JGAS000789

• Spatial omics analysis of non-small cell lung cancers for revealing molecular statuses of intratumor heterogeneity and tumor microenvironment

  In this study, we perform spatial transcriptome analysis Visium/Xenium and other omics analysis using surgical specimens of Japanese non-small cell lung cancer cases to understand omics statuses of cancer cells and their surrounding stromal and immune cells in local tumor regions. We aim to stratify lung cancer patients with considering intratumor heterogeneity and complicated microenvironent of lung cancer tissues by using spatial omics data and histopathological information.

  Study JGAS000613

• Whole genome sequencing data using Adaptive sampling from 33 patients with hereditary cancer syndrome

  We performed whole genome sequencing using adaptive sampling with GridION on 33 patients with clinically suspected hereditary cancer syndromes to evaluate an efficient computational workflow.

  Study JGAS000654

• Prevalence of rare pathogenic variants in cancer-predisposing genes among Japanese advanced prostate cancer patients.

  The prevalence of rare pathogenic variants in cancer-predisposing genes including those associated with DNA repair remains unknown among Japanese patients with advanced prostate cancer. This study was designed to elucidate the prevalence of pathogenic variants in 27 known cancer-predisposing genes and to explore the prognostic significance of the variants identified.

  Study JGAS000509

• Whole exome sequence in EGFR-TKI resistant non-small cell lung cancer

  Whole exome analysis to clear molecular basis and mutation spectrum in EGFR-TKI resistant non-small cell lung cancer

  Study JGAS000102

• Identification of gastric cancer susceptibility genes in Japanese

  We performed whole genome sequencing of 2067 gastric cancer patients registered in BioBank Japan to identify novel susceptibility genes.

  Study JGAS000701

• Exploring Genomic Mutations in Gastric Cancer among Japanese Populations

  We conducted a comprehensive analysis of whole-genome and RNA sequences obtained from biopsy samples of 65 patients with advanced gastric cancer prior to chemotherapy treatment.

  Study JGAS000754

• Amplicon sequencing of long non-coding RNA associated with gastritis and gastric carcinogenesis

  This study aimed to identify dysregulations of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) in gastric cancer, and to reveal molecular functions of lncRNAs associated with gastritis and gastric carcinogenesis. We also aimed to reveal the correlation between clinicopathological characteristics and lncRNA alterations. To this end, we will try to develop predictive markers of gastric cancer risk, which enables prevention and early detection of gastric cancer. We will also try to develop molecular markers which enable us to select treatment strategies for gastric cancer.

  Study JGAS000353

• Multi-omic profiling of patient-derived pancreatic tumor organoids

  We conducted multi-omic profiling of patient-derived pancreatic cancer organoids and genetically engineered normal pancreas organoids.

  Study JGAS000719

• Application of organoid culture system of human gastrointestinal and thoracic cancer in genome medicine

  In order to establish preclinical models, we have established three kinds of lung cancer tumoroids derived from three different pulmonary large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma patients. We performed whole exome sequencing to analyze genetic background of these kinds of tumoroids.

  Study JGAS000641

• Pilot study towards the development of a Companion/Complimentary Diagnosis platform using liquid biopsy with cfDNA for immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy in advanced urothelial cancer

  Preliminary analysis was conducted to develop a cfDNA-based platform capable of predicting gene mutation profiles, TMB, gene expression profiles (molecular subtype diagnosis), and immunohistochemical findings (PD-L1 expression) using the primary lesion tissue of bladder cancer and upper urinary tract epithelial cancer, verifying the feasibility of such development.

  Study JGAS000714

• Application of targeted long-read methylation sequencing to dissected lung cancer tissues

  To investigate DNA methylation patterns within the tumor microenvironment, multiple regions were dissected from fresh-frozen sections of two lung adenocarcinoma specimens using the Millisect system. These regions were annotated based on spatial transcriptome data. DNA samples extracted from these regions were subjected to targeted long-read methylation sequencing using t-nanoEM. To establish a control dataset, short-read whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed on the tumor and normal parts, and long-read WGS was performed on the tumor part.

  Study JGAS000757

• Evaluation of clonal hematopoiesis regarding TP53 mutation status in 140,597 individuals

  The existence of clonal hematopoiesis, in which somatic mutations accumulate in the peripheral blood with age and expand clonally, is becoming clear, and various clinical implications are being suggested. This study analyzed clonal hematopoiesis regarding TP53 mutation status by targeted sequencing in 140,597 individuals, including those with breast cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, heart failure, stroke, etc. The clinical characteristics of clonal hematopoietic carriers were evaluated.

  Study JGAS000782

• Amplicon sequencing of various tumors

  In our previous studies on advanced esophageal, gastric, and colorectal carcinomas, measurement of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in terms of variant allele frequency (VAF) in blood suggested: (1) patients with high VAF have a high chance of relapse; (2) VAF changes in response to treatment; and (3) ctDNA VAF elevation precedes imaging diagnosis of relapse. It is thus necessary to investigate whether these findings can be generalized in a wide cancer spectrum, types of treatment, and relapse phenotypes across cancer types. In the present study, we conduct a non-interventional observational study in a wide cancer spectrum on the basis of technical establishment for ctDNA using our unique digital PCR probe library.

  Study JGAS000366

• 1. Identidication of molecular biological mechanism associated with the development and prognosis of uterine cancer, uterine sarcoma, and endometrial hyperplasia / 2. Identification of molecular biological mechanism associated with the development of endometriosis and malignant transformation, ovarian cancer, fallopian tubal cancer, peritoneal cancer, and other malignant tumors in gynecological organs

  To identify molecular subtypes and carcinogenesis in clear cell ovarian carcinomas by whole-exome sequencing, RNA-sequencing, and methylation array, and to characterize high-grade serous carcinomas by NGS-based, integrative genomic analyses, with focus on homologous recombination deficiency, molecular subtypes and prognositic factors.

  Study JGAS000560

• Spatiotemporal single-cell analysis reveals a time-dependent immunological modulation by multi-fractionated radiotherapy in esophageal cancer

  Description Here, by integrative spatial and single-cell analyses using spatial transcriptome (VISIUM) and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), we examined the spatiotemporal dynamics of immune-response in the tumor microenvironment of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) before, during and after RT. The comprehensive single-cell analyses demonstrated the infiltration of immune cells into tumor with the dynamic change of immune-stimulatory and -suppressive gene expression after RT. ScRNA-seq analysis uncovered the time- and cell-type-dependent alteration of gene expression profile from during to after RT. This datasets in the present study will provide the information of RT-induced gene signature to seek an appropriate target of personalized immunotherapy combined with radiotherapy and of determining the timing of the combination therapy.

  Study JGAS000712

• scMultiome analysis of human tongue cancer organoids

  We performed single-cell Multiome analysis (10X Genomics) of a uniquely established human tongue cancer organoids, including both chemo-sensitive organoids and chemotherapy resistant organoids.

  Study JGAS000606

• Trial of Onco-Panel for Geneprofiling to Estimate both Adverse events and Response by cancer treatment (TOP-GEAR)

  Bam files and fastq files in a hospital-based prospective study (TOP-GEAR project, the 2nd stage) to investigate the feasibility and utility of NGS-based analysis of 114 cancer-associated genes (the NCC Oncopanel test). DOI: 10.1111/cas.13969

  Study JGAS000662

• Single nucleus RNA sequencing of squamous cell carcinoma arising from mature teratoma of the ovary

  Squamous cell carcinoma arising from mature teratoma is one of the rare ovarian cancers. Therefore, the detailed molecular background of this disease has not been elucidated. The purpose of this study is to investigate the single-cell transcriptional landscape of this disease.

  Study JGAS000521

• Application of organoid culture system of human gastrointestinal and thoracic cancer in genome medicine

  In order to establish preclinical models, we have established a kind of lung cancer tumoroids derived from a mucus-producing solid pulmonary adenocarcinoma patient. We performed whole exome sequencing and RNA sequencing to analyze genetic background of the tumoroids.

  Study JGAS000653

• Evaluation of whole genome sequencing utility in identifying driver alterations in cancer genome

  This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of whole genome sequencing (WGS) compared to whole exome sequencing (WES) in identifying driver alterations in cancer genomes. Out of 177 cases with no driver alterations detected by WES, WGS identified driver alterations in 68.4% and likely driver alterations in 22.6% of cases. The most common alterations found were oncogene amplifications, tumor suppressor gene deletions, and small variants outside coding regions. WGS proved valuable in uncovering genomic changes associated with cancer development.

  Study JGAS000715

• Spatial transcroptomic analyses against non-metastatic and metastatic lymph node from breast cancer patients

  We performed spatial transcroptomic analyses against non-metastatic and metastatic lymph node from breast cancer patients to investigate how metastasized breast cancer cells affect gene expression in lymph nodes

  Study JGAS000616

• Spatial transcriptome analysis for elucidating progression of early lung adenocarcinoma

  In this study, we performed spatial transcriptome analysis of adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) and minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (MIA) to identify molecular events which occur during progression of ealry lung adenocarcinoma. For the analysis, we used cancer tissues which were precisely classified by Noguchi classification. Using the obtained data, we elucidated key molecular changes during tumor cell progression and their associated microenvironment statuses.

  Study JGAS000677

• Vaccine-Expanded Plasmablast-like B Cells Are Associated with Response to Dendritic Cell Therapy in Metastatic Melanoma

  Dendritic cells (DCs), either monocyte-derived (moDCs) or naturally circulating, have been employed in cancer treatment across both metastatic and adjuvant settings. DC vaccines (DC Vax) are capable of inducing tumor-specific immune responses, yet clinical outcomes have thus far fallen short of expectations. Here, we performed a multi-omics analysis of the apheresis product, including CD14⁺ monocytes, and the final DCVax formulation. Among all the components analyzed, the most striking finding was the unexpected presence of CD19⁺ B cells within the DC Vax formulation, which distinguished Responders from Non-Responders to moDC vaccination in metastatic melanoma. The abundance of B cells in DC Vax correlated with their peripheral frequency; however, within the vaccine, these cells acquired a CD20lowCD27hiCD38hi plasmablast-like phenotype, distinct from their autologous circulating B-cell precursors. Notably, a parallel observation was made in Responders, whose pre-treatment lesions were enriched in B cells organized as Tertiary Lymphoid Structures. These results underscore the importance of B cells in both baseline immunity and DCVax formulation, hinting at unexplored mechanisms by which they may influence vaccine effectiveness.

  Study EGAS50000001177

• Genomic Rearrangements in Pediatric Cancer

  Dataset EGAD00001007701

• WGS dataset for Genomic rearrangements in Pediatric Cancer

  Dataset EGAD00001008272

• Detection of brain cancer using genome-wide cell-free DNA fragmentomes

  Diagnostic delays in patients with brain cancer are common and can impact patient outcome. Development of a blood-based assay for detection of brain cancers could accelerate brain cancer detection. In this study, we analyzed genome-wide cell-free (cfDNA) fragmentomes, including fragmentation profiles and repeat landscapes, from the plasma of individuals with (n=148) and without (n=357) brain cancer. Machine learning analyses of cfDNA fragmentome features detected brain cancer across all grade gliomas (AUC=0.90, 95% CI: 0.87-0.93) and these results were validated in an independent prospectively collected cohort. cfDNA fragmentome changes in patients with gliomas represented a combination of fragmentation profiles from glioma cells and altered white blood cell populations in the circulation. These analyses reveal the properties of cfDNA in patients with brain cancer and open new avenues for noninvasive detection of these individuals.

  Study EGAS50000000986

• The dataset for Detection of brain cancer using genome-wide cell-free DNA fragmentomes

  The dataset for “Detection of brain cancer using genome-wide cell-free DNA fragmentomes” includes 310 bam files from whole genome next-generation sequencing on the Illumina Novaseq 6000. The dataset analyzed include plasma cfDNA samples from patients with cancer, patients with neurological conditions, and healthy individuals.

  Dataset EGAD50000001445

• Data access committee for "Detection of brain cancer using genome-wide cell-free DNA fragmentomes"

  The data access committee for “ Detection of brain cancer using genome-wide cell-free DNA fragmentomes”. The DAC is comprised of Drs. Dimitrios Mathios, Jillian Phallen, Victor Velculescu, Robert Scharpf, Noushin Niknafs, and Shashikant Koul, and can be contacted at skoul3@jh.edu.

  Dac EGAC50000000605

• Sensitive neoantigen discovery by real-time mutanome-guided immunopeptidomics - WES

  Targeting cancer-specific HLA-peptide complexes is a promising immunotherapy approach, with mutated neoantigens offering high value for their immunogenicity and cancer-specificity. Selecting immunogenic targets requires personalized prioritization of cancer-specific immunopeptides. Mass spectrometry (MS)-based immunopeptidomics supports this process by directly identifying cancer-specific antigens and informing global presentation patterns to refine immunogenicity predictions. Clinical pipelines, however, must balance global depth and target sensitivity compounded by low input samples and time constraints. Here, we present NeoDiscMS, an extension of the NeoDisc pipeline, enabling personalized immunopeptidomics data acquisition. By leveraging real-time NGS-guided spectral acquisitions, NeoDiscMS maximizing sensitivity with minimal loss of global depth. NeoDiscMS improves TAA-derived peptide detection up to 20% and enhances neoantigen identification confidence compared to the clinical gold standard method. Designed for effectiveness and ease of use, it requires minimal effort for implementation. NeoDiscMS advances personalization in clinical antigen discovery by enabling more sensitive neoantigen detection while seamlessly integrating into existing workflows.

  Study EGAS50000000976

• Tumor gene project

  The study focuses on human tumor susceptibility as well as somatic cancer genomics. We use high-throughput sequencing approaches to achieve a comprehensive molecular characterization of tumors. Our goal is to better understand their genesis and management opportunities.

  Study EGAS50000000984

• GOSH_Paediatric_Tumour_23P108_WSSS_WGS_Managed_Access

  We have a case of two siblings (twins) who were born with nodular blue rashes over their body. The first twin had a large periorbital subcutaneous mass which was diagnosed as infantile undifferentiated sarcoma. This baby was too systematically unwell for chemotherapy and died at 12 days of age. The second sibling received two cycles of emergency chemotherapy however died due to disease progression and secondary haemorrhage at 2 months of age. Post-mortem normal and tumour samples have been taken. In addition to placental tissue and parental germline DNA, the goal will be to investigate intra-uterine transfer of sarcoma and the phylogenetic relationship of tumours in both twins.

  Study EGAS00001007536

• A comprehensive proteogenomic pipeline for neoantigen discovery to advance personalized cancer immunotherapy

  The accurate identification and prioritization of antigenic peptides is crucial for the development of personalized cancer immunotherapies. Publicly available pipelines to predict clinical neoantigens do not allow direct integration of mass spectrometry immunopeptidomics data, which can uncover antigenic peptides derived from various canonical and non-canonical sources. To address this, we present an end-to-end clinical proteogenomic pipeline, called NeoDisc, that combines state-of-the-art publicly available and in-house software for immunopeptidomics, genomics and transcriptomics with in-silico tools for the identification, prediction, and prioritization of tumor-specific and immunogenic antigens from multiple sources, including neoantigens, viral antigens and high-confidence tumor-specific antigens.

  Study EGAS50000000228

• Characterization of UV DNA damage in B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia

  Study EGAS00001008128

• Neoantigen Peptides derived from V(D)J-recombined Immunoglobulins Drive Outgrowth of Cytolytic CD8+ T-cells

  Study EGAS00001008229

• Single Cell RNA-Sequencing of BCG Naive and Recurrent Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer Reveals a CD6/ALCAM-Mediated Immune-Suppressive Pathway

  Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) represents 70–80% patients with newly diagnosed bladder cancer, and Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) remains a cornerstone treatment for intermediate- and high-risk NMIBC to prevent disease recurrence and progression. However, a significant number of patients experience recurrence after their first course of BCG, posing significant challenges in the management of the disease. We conducted single cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-Seq) on freshly collected NMIBC samples, distinguishing between those naive to BCG treatment and those that recurred post-BCG treatment. We observed a clear activation of inflammatory pathways across cell types during recurrence, but these were not associated with canonical immune checkpoint or T cell exhaustion phenotypes. Analysis of cell-to-cell communication revealed enhanced interactions between T cells and urothelial cells in BCG-recurrence, predominantly modulated by CD6 and activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM). Furthermore, we found CD6hi T cells to be immunosuppressed and enriched in recurrent samples, suggesting a potential role for CD6 as an immune evasion signal in NMIBC.

  Study phs003742

• Neuroblastoma Smart-Seq2 Single Nuclei Sequencing Data

  Heterogeneity of tumors, including the presence of resistant clones, represents a great challenge for high-risk neuroblastoma (NB). Currently, there are no treatments that address cancer heterogeneity. Classification of bulk tumors and corresponding predictions are poor and too general. Understanding heterogeneity will provide critical insight for the development of targeted therapeutic strategies. In this study, we collected 10 human neuroblastoma tumor samples and performed whole-transcriptome profiling at single-nucleus resolution using SMART-Seq2 technology. This approach enables comprehensive characterization of transcriptional diversity within individual tumors, allowing us to identify distinct cellular subpopulations.

  Study EGAS50000001103

• Pancreatic Cancer NGS WGS data

  Whole genome sequencing data for Pancreatic Cancer Samples exploring the tandem duplicator phenotype

  Study EGAS50000001078

• Genomic analysis of HGSOC using long read sequencing

  High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) is characterized by widespread genomic instability, but genomic and epigenomic alterations within repetitive regions remain poorly understood. This study aims to investigate genomic and epigenomic variations in HGSOC using Oxford Nanopore long-read sequencing technology. High-molecular-weight DNA was extracted from cryopreserved, pre-treatment tumor samples and matched blood specimens. The objectives include developing a robust long-read sequencing analysis pipeline, identifying novel genomic and epigenomic variations, and exploring potential applications in future clinical and basic research.

  Study EGAS50000001036

• Oxford Nanopore long-read sequencing data of high-grade serous ovarian cancer

  This dataset comprises whole-genome Oxford Nanopore long-read sequencing data from six high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) patients, including cryopreserved, pre-treatment tumor tissues and matched peripheral blood samples (12 samples in total). High-molecular-weight DNA was prepared using the SQK-LSK114 Ligation Sequencing Kit and sequenced on FLO-PRO114M flow cells (R10.4.1). Basecalling was conducted using the super-accurate (SUP) model, enabling simultaneous detection of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC). The dataset includes BAM files containing base modification information for downstream genomic and epigenomic analyses.

  Dataset EGAD50000001509

• MD Anderson Cancer Center HGSOC LRS Data Access Comittee

  Oxford Nanopore long-read sequencing was performed on six paired tumor-normal samples from patients with high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma. Reads were mapped to the GRCh38 reference genome, incorporating base modification information.

  Dac EGAC50000000597

• Targeted Sequencing Data for RESOLVE Clinical Trial

  This is a Phase II clinical trial. This research study is studying a combination of targeted therapies as a possible treatment for estrogen-receptor positive (ER+) endometrial cancer and low-grade serous ovarian cancer. The drugs involved in this study are: - Abemaciclib (also known as Verzenio™) - Letrozole (also known as Femara®) - Metformin (also known as Glucophage®) - Zotatifin (also known as eFT226) - Gedatolisib (also known as PF-05212384)

  Dataset EGAD50000001711

• DFCI Gynecological Oncology Data Access Committee

  This Data Access Committee is responsible for reviewing requests to access controlled human genomic data generated as part of the RESOLVE clinical trial at DFCI. The committee ensures that access complies with participant consent, institutional policies, and applicable data protection regulations (e.g., GDPR). Data access decisions are made by a multidisciplinary panel including clinical researchers, bioinformaticians, and data governance officers from Dana-Farber Cancer Institute. The committee reviews each access request to determine whether the proposed research aligns with the study’s consent terms and the data access policy. If approved, access is granted via the European Genome-phenome Archive (EGA) in accordance with EGA’s data use and security guidelines.

  Dac EGAC50000000712

• Genomic and immune signatures predict clinical outcome in newly diagnosed multiple myeloma treated with immunotherapy regimens

  Study EGAS00001007404

• Ontario Institute for Cancer Research; Biliary Tract Cancer

  Next Generation Sequencing data from Biliary Tract cancers

  Study EGAS50000000972

• WGS data from MTB-Guided Targeted Treatments paper

  WGS data from biliary tract cancer samples (Beaudry et al, 2025; n=55)

  Dataset EGAD50000001418

• Whole Exome Sequencing of Human Gastro-esophageal Cancer PDXs

  The current study investigates biomarkers of response to anti-EGFR therapies in gastro-esophageal cancer. Whole exome sequencing was performed on 26 tumors to explore potential factors influencing treatment outcomes. As part of the analysis, somatic mutations in EGFR, ERBB2, and key downstream signaling genes (KRAS and PIK3CA) were examined to exclude the presence of known mutations conferring sensitivity/resistance. The study aims to contribute to the identification of patients who may benefit from lower-toxicity regimens, improving treatment personalization and minimizing adverse effects.

  Study EGAS50000000966

• Plasma ctDNA is a tumor tissue surrogate and enables clinical-genomic stratification of metastatic bladder cancer

  Study EGAS00001004615

• Study assessing the efficacy and safety of durvalumab plus olaparib plus fulvestrant in selected metastatic or locally advanced ER-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer patients.

  This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of the combination of olaparib, durvalumab, and fulvestrant for the treatment of patients with ER-positive, HER2-negative, locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer with BRCA gene alterations or alterations of genes involved in HRR or MSI status, in terms of the progression-free survival rate (PFSR) at 24 weeks.

  Study EGAS50000001166

• Mutational signatures in normal tissues of patients treated with clinical stage G-quadruplex binder CX5461

  Drug induced photoreactions following exposure to UVA have been documented for several therapeutic compound classes, including psoralens and fluoroquinolones. CX5461, a quinolone-derived small molecule currently in phase 1 studies for cancer treatment, has been shown to be a clinically significant UV photosensitizer. Here we examined the mutagenic spectrum of CX5461 in normal tissues of patients undergoing treatment, by comparing deep whole genome sequencing (WGS) from skin biopsies taken from non-sun exposed areas pre and post drug exposure of patients in the Canadian Cancer Clinical Trials Group (CCTG) IND.231 trial (NCT02719977). We show that a low burden of SNVs (<100) and indels (<40) mutations was detected in post CX5461 skin biopsies, with a pattern resembling background or sequencing artefact signatures. To further characterize the mutational pattern of CX5461 photoreactivity, we compared mutational profiles of human retinal pigment epithelial cells exposed to UVA, CX5461, or a combination of both UV and CX5461. Treatment with CX5461 or UVA alone, resulted in a low SNV burden. In contrast, human cells exposed to UVA and CX5461 had a two to four orders higher mutational burden, with a distinct mutational pattern characterized by T>A, T>C mutations, dissimilar to that of UV alone or CX5461 alone. Our results suggest that human exposure to CX5461 alone is not associated with high levels of single base mutagenesis. However, CX5461 is a very potent UV photosensitizer, underscoring the need for adequate UV screening and controls when studying the effects of photosensitizing small molecules on single base DNA variation.

  Study EGAS50000001145

• ctDNA multigenic panel for non-small cell lung cancer

  Detection of actionable mutations in liquid biopsies constitute an important tool for management of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients in the era of oncology precision medicine. We aimed to evaluate the actionable alterations using a commercial multi-gene panel in circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) derived from plasma samples of treatment naïve and prior-treated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. For this, we analyze plasma samples of 30 subjects with non-small cell lung cancer.

  Study EGAS50000000643

• Re-evaluation of human mitochondrial DNA methylation reveals signals consistent with technical artifacts

  The existence and functional relevance of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) methylation remain controversial. We assessed 5mC and 5hmC in human brain, blood, and related cancers using both enzymatic and native DNA sequencing. While nuclear DNA exhibited expected methylation patterns, mtDNA consistently showed negligible methylation levels, indistinguishable from technical noise. Elevated methylation in nuclear-embedded mitochondrial sequences demonstrates a clear potential to confound mtDNA methylation measurements. Furthermore, technical discrepancies in mtDNA methylation were observed, underscoring the need for careful evaluation when interpreting data generated using earlier sequencing workflows. Our findings provide evidence against the presence of 5mC or 5hmC in mtDNA under the physiological and pathological conditions studied.

  Study EGAS50000001186

• Dataset of Study assessing the efficacy and safety of durvalumab plus olaparib plus fulvestrant in selected metastatic or locally advanced ER-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer patients.

  This dataset is made of 166 samples extracted from 1) FFPE blocks of the most recent biopsy (metastasis when applicable or primary tumor) of the breast tumor 2) Plasma samples and blood samples at baseline, at Day 1 Cycle2, Day 1 Cycle 3 and at progression or treatment discontinuation. Target sequencing has been perfomed using GREAT_A_v3 panel

  Dataset EGAD50000001665

• Mutational signatures in normal tissues of patients treated with clinical stage G-quadruplex binder CX5461

  Drug induced photoreactions following exposure to UVA have been documented for several therapeutic compound classes, including psoralens and fluoroquinolones. We used deep (~80X) whole genome sequencing to examine the mutagenic spectrum of CX5461, quinolone-derived small molecule, in normal tissues of cancer patients undergoing treatment. We compared the distribution of somatic base substitutions and short indels from skin biopsies taken from non-sun exposed areas pre and post CX5461 exposure of patients. To further characterize the mutational pattern of CX5461 photoreactivity, we compared mutational profiles of human retinal pigment epithelial cells exposed to UVA, CX5461, or a combination of both UV and CX5461.

  Dataset EGAD50000001640

• NSCLC ctDNA multigenic panel

  We analyzed cfDNA plasma samples of subjects with non-small cell lung cancer: treatment naïve (n=24) and prior-treated (n=8). Driver variants for 11 genes was available with Oncomine Lung cfDNA Assay, were assessed by Next-Generation Sequecing. Sequencing data were pre-processed in Ion S5 Torrent Server and aligned to the hg19 human reference genome. Variant calls were performed by IonReporter 5.10 software.

  Dataset EGAD50000000908

• DAC Study assessing the efficacy and safety of durvalumab plus olaparib plus fulvestrant in selected metastatic or locally advanced ER-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer patients.

  DAC for Study assessing the efficacy and safety of durvalumab plus olaparib plus fulvestrant in selected metastatic or locally advanced ER-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer patients.

  Dac EGAC50000000694

• The Formation and Propagation of Human Robertsonian Chromosomes

  Robertsonian chromosomes are a type of variant chromosome found commonly in nature. Present in one in 800 humans, these chromosomes can underlie infertility, trisomies, and increased cancer incidence. Recognized cytogenetically for more than a century, their origins have remained mysterious. Recent advances in genomics have allowed us to assemble three human Robertsonian chromosomes completely. We identify a common breakpoint and epigenetic changes in centromeres that provide insight into the formation and propagation of common Robertsonian translocations. Further investigation of the assembled genomes of chimpanzee and bonobo highlights the structural features of the human genome that uniquely enable the specific crossover event that creates these chromosomes. Resolving the structure and epigenetic features of human Robertsonian chromosomes at a molecular level will pave the way to understanding how chromosomal structural variation occurs more generally, and how chromosomes evolve.

  Study phs003920

• Involvement of the FGF8/FGF Receptor Signaling Pathway in the Maintenance and Progression of Fusion-Positive Rhabdomyosarcoma

  In our previous work, we used a myoblast model of fusion-positive rhabdomyosarcoma (FP-RMS) to demonstrate that FGF8, a target of the PAX3-FOXO1 (P3F) transcription factor, is essential for tumorigenicity driven by P3F. When aberrantly expressed, FGF8 can also sustain tumorigenicity in recurrent tumors that are independent of P3F. In this study, we report that FGF8, along with its receptors FGFR1 and FGFR4, is often highly expressed in FP-RMS tumors. We found that high levels of FGF8 expression in FP-RMS cells correlate with increased sensitivity to an FGFR4 inhibitor and a pan-FGFR inhibitor. Conversely, downregulating FGF8 led to a loss of sensitivity to these inhibitors. Interestingly, when FGF8 was upregulated in myoblasts, it resulted in decreased FGFR4 expression and sensitized the cells to an FGFR1 inhibitor and a pan-FGFR inhibitor. The downregulation of FGFR4 expression mediated by FGF8 could be reversed by inhibiting FGFR1, MEK, or ERK, thereby defining a signaling pathway through which FGF8 exerts its regulatory effects. Additionally, we discovered that high FGF8 expression in P3F-independent recurrent tumors is due to a rearrangement of viral long terminal repeat (LTR) sequences into the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of FGF8, leading to increased stability of FGF8 mRNA. These findings indicate that FGF8 plays an oncogenic role in FP-RMS through FGFR4 and may also exert oncogenic effects in P3F-independent relapses via FGFR1. Our study highlights the functional significance of FGF8 in FP-RMS and supports the rationale for preclinical investigations of FGFR inhibitors in treating this type of cancer.

  Study phs004009

• Rituximab-treated lymphoma patients show correlated deficiency in serological and T cell Spike-specific response after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination: insights from the CORSA Study.

  This study is part of the CORSA trial (NCT04345315), a prospective multicentric research project conducted by the Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori “Dino Amadori” to investigate the immunologic response to mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in patients with hematologic malignancies (HM) and healthy individuals as controls (HC). The data in this repository refer to two subcohorts: 7 healthy controls and 10 lymphoma patients, randomly selected. Whole blood samples were collected to characterize T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire specificity against SARS-CoV-2 proteins before and after two BNT162b2 vaccination cycles, at baseline (before vaccination), 50 days after the first dose (V1), and 6 months after the first dose (V3). All participants were vaccinated under the Italian national campaign and provided informed consent following the Declaration of Helsinki. We investigated SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell responses through TCR repertoire profiling and examined correlations between serological and cellular responses in both patient and control groups. Using Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) to characterize the CDR3 sequences of TCR β-chains from peripheral blood, we assessed clonal expansion (depth) and diversification (breadth) of SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell clonotypes over time, aiming to understand how cancer and its treatment influence vaccine-induced immunity in immunocompromised individuals.

  Study EGAS50000001205

• Genomic landscape of poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma

  Poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma (PDTC) is a rare and aggressive subtype of thyroid cancer with limited molecular characterization. This study aims to define the somatic mutational landscape of PDTC using whole-genome sequencing. Paired tumour and matched normal blood samples were collected from six patients undergoing surgery. The overarching goal is to identify recurrent mutations, structural variants, and other genomic alterations associated with tumour aggressiveness and poor clinical outcomes.

  Study EGAS50000001134

• Bulk RNA sequencing data of high-grade serous ovarian cancer samples (set 7-17)

  The dataset contains RNA sequencing data of 272 high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) patients sequenced with Novoseq 6000, MGISEQ or Hiseq X Ten. The 814 samples are fresh frozen tissue samples that have been collected from different tissues and time points before and during treatment. The files provided are paired fastq files.

  Dataset EGAD50000001370

• Somatic L1 retrotransposition dynamics in high-grade serous ovarian cancer

  Somatic L1 retrotransposition was mapped in high-grade serous carcinoma (HGSC) tumors using LDI-PCR/Nanopore-seq method. This method identifies somatic L1 insertions originating from two active L1 loci at chr22q12.1 and chrXp22.2. Multiple tumors from same patient were utilised to understand L1-mediated intrapatient heterogeneity.

  Study EGAS50000001198

• Hematopoietic Tet2 inactivation enhances the response to checkpoint blockade immunotherapy

  Somatic mutations inactivating TET2 are among the most common drivers of clonal hematopoiesis (CH). While TET2 inactivation is associated with monocyte-derived inflammation and improved chimeric antigen-receptor-T cell function, its impact on immunotherapy response is unknown. In murine models, hematopoietic Tet2 mutation enhanced the immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) response via the combined presence of phagocytes, CD4 and CD8 T cells. This effect was lost with myeloid- or T-cell restricted Tet2 inactivation, or in mice with 20% Tet2-mutant hematopoiesis. Mechanistically, in Tet2-mutant tumor-infiltrating leukocytes (TILs), ICB preferentially restricted cell states linked to tumor progression while inducing anti-tumor states. Tet2-mutant monocytes activated costimulatory programs, while Tet2-mutant T cells showed enhanced T cell memory signatures, alongside decreased exhaustion and regulatory phenotypes. This murine data was clinically relevant, since tumors from colorectal cancer and melanoma patients with TET2 driver mutation-CH (TET2-CH) showed enhanced immune infiltration, inflammation, and T cell activation. In melanoma patients treated with ICB, TET2-CH was associated with 6-fold greater odds of clinical benefit. Collectively, we demonstrate that hematopoietic Tet2 inactivation primes leukocytes for anti-tumor states associated with immunotherapy response and provides a potential biomarker for personalized therapy.

  Study EGAS50000001191

• Dual inhibition of FLT3 and BCL-2 is effective in preclinical models of BCL11B-activated lineage ambiguous leukemia

  Aberrant activation of BCL11B (“BCL11B-a”) defines a subtype of lineage ambiguous leukemias with T-lymphoid and myeloid features, co-occurring activating FLT3 mutations, and a stem/progenitor immunophenotype and gene expression profile. As with other lineage ambiguous leukemias, optimal treatment is unclear and there are limited targeted therapeutic options. Here, we investigated the efficacy of BCL-2 and FLT3 inhibition with venetoclax and gilteritinib, respectively, in preclinical models of BCL11B-a leukemia. Despite variation in response to single agent therapies, the combination of venetoclax plus gilteritinib was highly effective in all models evaluated. BH3 profiling and single cell RNA-seq analysis suggests that resistance to venetoclax and/or gilteritinib monotherapies is due to the tumor-intrinsic activity of BCL-xL and/or MCL-1 prior to drug treatment. These data support clinical evaluation of venetoclax in combination with gilteritinib in BCL11B-a lineage ambiguous leukemias.

  Study EGAS50000000978

• Translational analyses from a phase II study of pembrolizumab and epigenetic modification with azacitidine in platinum-resistant epithelial ovarian cancer

  Epigenetic modulators may sensitize platinum-resistant ovarian cancer (PROC) to immune checkpoint inhibition by reprogramming the tumor microenvironment. We report clinical and translational findings from a phase II non-randomized study of pembrolizumab and oral azacytidine in 34 women with PROC (NCT02900560). The effect of combined epigenetic and immunotherapy was evaluated by transcriptomic analyses of serially biopsied tumors. Differential gene expression analyses revealed an upregulation of inflammatory and cytolytic genes and co-inhibitory checkpoints 6 weeks on-therapy. Upregulation of interferon signaling, antigen presentation and immune cell adhesion and migration gene sets was prominent on-therapy, together with an increased density of CD8+ T -cells. Patients with a CA-125 and/or clinical response showed an enrichment of adaptive and conserved immune response gene sets on-therapy.

  Study EGAS50000001165

• Transcriptomic dataset from a phase II study of pembrolizumab and epigenetic modification with azacitidine in platinum-resistant epithelial ovarian cancer

  This dataset includes sequence files from bulk RNA sequencing of tissue biospecimens from a phase II study investigating epigenetic priming followed by immune checkpoint blockade in platinum-resistant epithelial ovarian cancer (NCT02900560). There are 48 bulk RNA sequencing files from 24 specimens included in this dataset.

  Dataset EGAD50000001664

• Data Access Committee for Translational analyses from a phase II study of pembrolizumab and epigenetic modification with azacitidine in platinum-resistant epithelial ovarian cancer

  This DAC is responsible for request review and handling related to the study above.

  Dac EGAC50000000697